Correct Answer:
Compares the program’s output to costs encountered and may be expressed in qualitative terms
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4. A technique used to determine the efficiency of a program, requiring that all costs and benefits are expressed in monetary terms is _______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cost benefit analysis
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5. Which of the following is not true regarding brainstorming?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Brainstorming is not useful in generating alternative ideas or fostering creativity.
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6. Which of the following is true regarding focus groups?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Effective recruiting in order to gather well-targeted participants is an important part of developing a focus group.
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7. In the garbage can model of decision making, decision processes are affected by the timing of problems, solutions, participants, and choice opportunities, all of which are assumed to be independent.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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8. _________ decisions are those an individual makes alone or on behalf of the group.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Authoritative
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9. In evidence-based management practicing managers make organizational decisions informed by organizational research and practice.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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10. Which of the following is true of the collaborative model of decision making?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Operating within this model, executives are likely to listen to the opinions of others and carefully consider their input.
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11. Under the organizational process model decision makers are constrained by standard operating procedures making decision outcomes somewhat predictable.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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12. Which of the following is a model that one might use to analyze a major decision?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Collaborative model
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13. Which of the following is a principle of successful decision making?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clear priorities
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14. Which of the following is not a factor in ethical decision making?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rate of Change
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15. ____________ is a common element of failed decisions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Misallocation of resources
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16. Decisions that are repetitive and routine, for which a procedure or decision rule has been established are called non-programmed decisions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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17. Managers make individual decisions informed by organizational research and practice is known as Evidence-based management.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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18. Nominal group technique is a technique developed to ensure that every member of the group do not have an equal chance of participating.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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19. ________ is a technique used to compare the program’s output to the costs encountered; the outputs may be in qualitative terms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cost-effectiveness analysis
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20. Cost-benefit analysis is a technique used to determine the efficiency of a program requiring that all costs and benefits are expressed in monetary terms.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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21. Groupthink is a mode of thinking that occurs when people are not involved in a cohesive group and their desire for unanimity offsets their motivation to appraise alternative courses of action
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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22. _______made by members of the group, ideally through consensus
Answer
Correct Answer:
Group decisions
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23. Decisions an individual makes with input from others is known as?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consultative decisions
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24. Those decisions that an individual makes alone or on behalf of the group is known as ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Authoritative decisions
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25. Occasions when organizations are expected to produce decisions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Choice opportunities
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26. _______decision processes are affected by the timing of problems, solutions, participants, and choice opportunities, all of which are assumed to be independent
Answer
Correct Answer:
Garbage can model
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27. _________ in organizations are made through a collaborative process that bears little resemblance to a single executive making a rational choice.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Collaborative decision-making model
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28. Incrementalism decisions are dependent on large incremental choices made in response long-term conditions
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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29. Relies on incrementalism for decision making.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Organizational process model
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30. phases for decision making are performed deliberately and consciously, relying on the rationality of the decision maker’s thoughts and behaviors is known as ________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rational model
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31. _______ is a discrepancy between what is actually occurring and the ideal or desired
Answer
Correct Answer:
Problem
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32. _______ that involve little uncertainty
Answer
Correct Answer:
Low-risk decisions
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33. _______ that take place at the top of the organization and are often strategic
Answer
Correct Answer:
High-risk decisions
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34. _________ for which there is no apparent decision rule and managers are required to engage in difficult problem solving
Answer
Correct Answer:
Non-programmed decisions
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35. ________ that are repetitive and routine and for which a procedure or decision rule has been established or may be easily specified
Answer
Correct Answer:
Programmed decisions
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36. Choices made from one alternative are known as Decisions
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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37. when a person in authority identifies an important issue and carries out a process to make a choice that produces outcomes with consequences.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Organizational decision making
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