Statistics (Social And Behavioral Sciences) MCQ Questions Answers

1. Determining a person's age (in years) would involve measurement on a(n) _____ scale of measurement.

2. A management information system (mis) provides managers with ________ data.

3. If a firewall receives a suspicious packet, the firewall will ________.

4. A research ____ is a general approach that is intended to address a specific question.

5. ________ are the number of different ways in which objects can be arranged in order.

6. All of the following are variations of the multiple baseline design except _________.

7. Gender is a clear example of a/an _____________________________ variable.

8. The average adult in the us watches _____ hours of television each week

9. ___________ would probably be distributed using an intensive strategy.

10. The two sets of pressures that multinational enterprises (mnes) confront are _____.

11. To locate the percentile for a given observation in a data set, the data must be ___________.

12. Y can be most accurately predicted from x if the correlation between x and y is _________.

13. The _____________ is the best point estimate of the population mean.

14. The _______ of a discrete random variable represents the mean value of the outcomes

15. In a regression analysis, the variable that is used to predict the dependent variable ______.

16. A correlation analysis requires that the data be either ________ data or _______ data.

17. Which of the following is TRUE Or False?

18. Archival research is an example of ______.

19. You are conducting an experiment to see if level of ambient illumination influences reading speed. You have 2 levels of illumination (bright light and dim light), and for each of the participants you have recorded reading speeds (words/minute). In this example, reading speed would be considered the ______.

20. Robust is Ability of a statistical procedure to withstand moderate violations of the assumption of normality.

21. Value of a statistic that separates the regions of rejection and nonrejection Is called

22. If you were interested in analyzing difference between 3 or more means, the most appropriate statistical analysis would be ______.

23. You are interested in whether people in a particular community have a preference for a particular activity when given a choice between golf, softball, and soccer. What would be the appropriate statistical test?

24. Cramér’s ɸ can be used for the test of goodness of fit but not for the test of independence.

25. A ɸ = .5 size is considered ______.

26. A Chi-square statistic of 18.74 with df = 3 would be reported as ______.

27. The appropriate use of the Chi-square statistic is based on meeting two assumptions: the independence of observations and minimum expected frequencies.

28. Different procedures are used to determine expected frequencies for the Chi-square test for independence versus the Chi-square test for goodness of fit.

29. When conducting a Chi-square goodness of fit test, degrees of freedom would be ______.

30. The Chi-square goodness of fit test and the Chi-square test for independence are nonparametric tests.

31. You are interested in whether there is a difference in the pattern of preference in men versus women when given a choice between golf, softball, and soccer. What would be the appropriate statistical test?

32. If you wanted to investigate whether the color preference for M&Ms was the same for men versus women, the most appropriate statistical test would be the Chi-square test for goodness of fit.

33. A calculated value of the Chi-square statistic that falls between the .05 and .01 critical values would be reported as ______.

34. The appropriate test for analyzing frequencies is ______.

35. Which of the following is considered a parametric statistical test?

36. When conducting a Chi-square test of independence, degrees of freedom would be ______.

37. The multiple correlation coefficient, represented by R, measures the relationship between ______.

38. The formula for the multiple correlation coefficient varies depending on the number of predictors in the analysis.

39. In the equation Y' = a + bX, the b represents ______.

40. In the equation Y' = a + bX, the Y' represents ______.

41. Regression involves making predictions when there is no correlation.

42. In linear regression, the Y-intercept a is the predicted value for the Y variable when X is equal to zero.

43. A Venn diagram ______.

44. When there is no relationship between two variables, the most accurate prediction we can make, regardless of the score on one variable, is ______.

45. It is not possible to determine whether a multiple correlation R is statistically significant.

46. When no relationship is found between two variables, a linear regression equation cannot be created.

47. Multiple correlation ______.

48. The stronger the relationship between the two variables, ______.

49. Using high school GPA and extracurricular participation to predict college success is an example of ______.

50. In the equation Y' = a + bX, the a represents ______.

51. When we use the relationship between two or more correlated variables to predict values of one variable from values of other variables, this is referred to as ______.

52. The Pearson correlation coefficient is used as a measure of the ______.

53. If two variables are unrelated, there would be ______.

54. The use of ANOVA to analyze data always allows us to make causal inferences.

55. With respect to calculating the degrees of freedom for the Pearson correlation coefficient, N is ______.

56. The Pearson r is a

57. The assumption of homoscedasticity refers to which of the following?

58. A scatterplot ______.

59. When you have calculated r and obtained a value of r = 1.2, you have a positive relationship.

60. The degrees of freedom used to determine the statistical significance of r is N – 2.

61. Which of the following is indicative of the strongest relationship between two variables?

62. If there is no linear relationship between two variables, the value for r would be closest to ______.

63. The choice of correlational statistic depends on how variables in a study are measured.

64. Which of the following is indicative of the weakest relationship between two variables?

65. The Spearman rank-order correlation is a statistic measuring the relationship between two variables measured at the ordinal level of measurement.

66. Assuming any differences in means are significant, the data below suggests ______.Candies eaten,Group,Boy,12.50,Girl,10.00,12.50

67. An interaction effect means that ______.

68. A factorial research design with two levels of each of two factors (2 × 2 factorial design), with 8 participants in each condition would have a total of how many participants.

69. A two-way ANOVA involves 2 dependent variables.

70. Assuming any differences in means are significant, the data below suggestsHours,exercised, per week,Group,Boy,10.00,Girl,10.00,10.00

71. With a two-way ANOVA you calculate an F-ratio for the interaction effect and each of the main effects.

72. In a factorial research design with two levels of each of two factors (2 × 2 factorial design), you are testing for ______.

73. Interaction effects involve comparing both cell means and marginal means.

74. A simple effect ______.

75. R2, as a measure of effect size, ______

76. How many levels are there of each factor in a 2 × 2 factorial design?

77. How many F-ratios are calculated if you do a two-way ANOVA?

78. Main effects involve comparing marginal means.

79. A factorial research design allows you to identify interactions between independent variables.

80. Assuming any differences in means are significant, the data below suggests ______.Candies eaten,Group,Boy,12.50Girl,15.00,15.00

81. You are conducting a study which involves 4 groups of participants and you have 8 participants in each group. What is dfBG?

82. You are conducting a study which involves 3 groups of participants and you have 9 participants in each group. You are doing a one-way ANOVA using α = .05. What is the critical value for the F-ratio?

83. Based on the information in the following ANOVA summary table, and using α = .05, the decision would be to reject the null hypothesis.Source,SS,F,Test group,70.00,6.88,Error,81.32Total,151.32

84. An F-ratio can be either positive or negative.

85. The amount of between-group variability must be significantly greater than the amount of within-group variability to reject the null hypothesis.

86. Based on the information in the following ANOVA summary table, how many total participants were there? Source/SS/F: Test group/70.00/6.88, Error/81.32,Total/151.32

87. Based on the information in the following ANOVA summary table, and using α = .05, what would be the critical value for the F-ratio?Source,SS,F,Test group,70.00,6.88,Error,81.32 Total,151.32

88. You are conducting a study which involves 4 groups of participants and you have 12 participants in each group. You are doing a one-way ANOVA using α = .05. What is dftotal?

89. An F-ratio is ______.

90. A one-way ANOVA is used to test the difference between the means of 2 groups with two or more independent variables.

91. Which of the following would be a correct statement for the alternative hypothesis when doing an ANOVA?

92. (# groups –1) is ______.

93. You are conducting a study which involves 3 groups of participants and you have 9 participants in each group. What is dfWG?

94. With a one-way ANOVA, R2 is a measure of effect size.

95. Based on the information in the following ANOVA summary table, how many groups were there?Source,SS,FTest group,70.00,6.88Error,81.32Total,151.32

96. A larger amount of within-group variability will tend to ______.

97. Which of the following values for Cohen’s d would be considered a large effect size?

98. If beta = .6 (or 60%), what is the statistical power?

99. What is the effect of increasing sample size on the probability of a type I error?

100. Reducing type II error involves increasing the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis.