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Errors in Hypothesis Testing, Statistical Power MCQ

1. A larger amount of within-group variability will tend to ______.

Increase the probability of a type I error

Decrease the probability of a type I error

Increase the probability of a type II error

Decrease the probability of a type II error

Answer

Correct Answer: Increase the probability of a type II error

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2. Which of the following values for Cohen’s d would be considered a large effect size?

.15

.05

Answer

Correct Answer: .8

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3. If beta = .6 (or 60%), what is the statistical power?

.95 or 95%

.60 or 60%

.05 or 5%

.40 or 40%

Answer

Correct Answer: .40 or 40%

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4. What is the effect of increasing sample size on the probability of a type I error?

The probability of a type I error decreases with increasing sample size.

The probability of a type I error increases with increasing sample size.

It depended on whether you are using a directional or non-directional alternative hypothesis.

The probability of a type I error is not influenced by sample size.

Answer

Correct Answer: The probability of a type I error is not influenced by sample size.

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5. Reducing type II error involves increasing the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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6. If your decision is to reject the null hypothesis, it is possible you have a type I error.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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7. Accounting for how much of the variance is considered a large effect in the social sciences?

15%

95%

Answer

Correct Answer: 15%

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8. Which of the following values for r2 would be indicative of a large effect size?

.15

.05

Answer

Correct Answer: .15

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9. Increasing the size of a sample will tend to ______.

Increase power

Decrease power

Decrease type I error

Increase type I error

Answer

Correct Answer: Increase power

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10. If the alternative hypothesis is true, it is possible you have both a type I and a type II error.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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11. If you are using α = .01 and the power of your study is .80 or 80%, what is the probability of a type I error?

.99 or 99%

.80 or 80%

.20 or 20%

.01 or 1%

Answer

Correct Answer: .01 or 1%

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12. Which of the following represents the percentage of variance accounted for?

D and r‑

Answer

Correct Answer: R2

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13. If you are using α = .05 and the power of your study is .75 or 75%, what is the probability of a type II error?

.05 or 5%

.25 or 25%

.75 or 75%

.95 or 95%

Answer

Correct Answer: .25 or 25%

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14. Increasing sample size increases power and decreases beta.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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15. If statistical power is .80 (or 80%) and beta is .2 (or 20%), the probability of a type I error is .20 or 20%.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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16. Estimate of the magnitude of the difference between the means of two groups measured in standard deviation units is cohen's d

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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17. Percentage of variance in one variable accounted for by another variable is ___ squared

Answer

Correct Answer: R

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18. Statistic that measure the magnitude of the relationship between variables is measure of effect size

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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19. Variability that cannot be explained or accounted for is error variance

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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20. Variability of scores within groups that comprise an independent variable is ___ group variability

Between

Within

Inside

Outside

Answer

Correct Answer: Within

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21. Differences among the means of groups that comprise an independent variable is ____ group variability

Between

Within

Inside

Outside

Answer

Correct Answer: Between

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22. Probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true is statistical power

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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23. ____ Error that occurs when the alternative hypothesis is true but the decision is made to not reject the null hypothesis.

Type I

Type II

Type III

Type IV

Answer

Correct Answer: Type II

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24. ____ Error that occurs when the null hypothesis is true but the decision is made to reject the null hypothesis.

Type I

Type II

Type III

Type IV

Answer

Correct Answer: Type I

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