Correct Answer:
Compares the program’s output to costs encountered and may be expressed in qualitative terms
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A technique used to determine the efficiency of a program, requiring that all costs and benefits are expressed in monetary terms is _______________.
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Correct Answer:
Cost benefit analysis
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Which of the following is not true regarding brainstorming?
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Correct Answer:
Brainstorming is not useful in generating alternative ideas or fostering creativity.
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Which of the following is true regarding focus groups?
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Correct Answer:
Effective recruiting in order to gather well-targeted participants is an important part of developing a focus group.
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In the garbage can model of decision making, decision processes are affected by the timing of problems, solutions, participants, and choice opportunities, all of which are assumed to be independent.
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Correct Answer:
True
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_________ decisions are those an individual makes alone or on behalf of the group.
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Correct Answer:
Authoritative
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In evidence-based management practicing managers make organizational decisions informed by organizational research and practice.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Which of the following is true of the collaborative model of decision making?
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Correct Answer:
Operating within this model, executives are likely to listen to the opinions of others and carefully consider their input.
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Under the organizational process model decision makers are constrained by standard operating procedures making decision outcomes somewhat predictable.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Which of the following is a model that one might use to analyze a major decision?
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Correct Answer:
Collaborative model
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Which of the following is a principle of successful decision making?
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Correct Answer:
Clear priorities
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Which of the following is not a factor in ethical decision making?
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Rate of Change
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____________ is a common element of failed decisions.
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Misallocation of resources
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Decisions that are repetitive and routine, for which a procedure or decision rule has been established are called non-programmed decisions.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Managers make individual decisions informed by organizational research and practice is known as Evidence-based management.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Nominal group technique is a technique developed to ensure that every member of the group do not have an equal chance of participating.
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Correct Answer:
False
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________ is a technique used to compare the program’s output to the costs encountered; the outputs may be in qualitative terms
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Correct Answer:
Cost-effectiveness analysis
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Cost-benefit analysis is a technique used to determine the efficiency of a program requiring that all costs and benefits are expressed in monetary terms.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Groupthink is a mode of thinking that occurs when people are not involved in a cohesive group and their desire for unanimity offsets their motivation to appraise alternative courses of action
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Correct Answer:
False
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_______made by members of the group, ideally through consensus
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Correct Answer:
Group decisions
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Decisions an individual makes with input from others is known as?
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Correct Answer:
Consultative decisions
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Those decisions that an individual makes alone or on behalf of the group is known as ____.
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Correct Answer:
Authoritative decisions
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Occasions when organizations are expected to produce decisions.
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Correct Answer:
Choice opportunities
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_______decision processes are affected by the timing of problems, solutions, participants, and choice opportunities, all of which are assumed to be independent
Answer
Correct Answer:
Garbage can model
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_________ in organizations are made through a collaborative process that bears little resemblance to a single executive making a rational choice.
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Correct Answer:
Collaborative decision-making model
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Incrementalism decisions are dependent on large incremental choices made in response long-term conditions
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Correct Answer:
False
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Relies on incrementalism for decision making.
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Correct Answer:
Organizational process model
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phases for decision making are performed deliberately and consciously, relying on the rationality of the decision maker’s thoughts and behaviors is known as ________
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Rational model
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_______ is a discrepancy between what is actually occurring and the ideal or desired
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Problem
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_______ that involve little uncertainty
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Low-risk decisions
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_______ that take place at the top of the organization and are often strategic
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High-risk decisions
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_________ for which there is no apparent decision rule and managers are required to engage in difficult problem solving
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Non-programmed decisions
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________ that are repetitive and routine and for which a procedure or decision rule has been established or may be easily specified
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Correct Answer:
Programmed decisions
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Choices made from one alternative are known as Decisions
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Correct Answer:
False
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when a person in authority identifies an important issue and carries out a process to make a choice that produces outcomes with consequences.
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Correct Answer:
Organizational decision making
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