During the clinton administration, the most-favored-nation principle was changed to ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Normal trade relations
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Convicting a defendant on a felony charge in texas __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Requires a unanimous jury verdict
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_____ is known as a judicial procedure in which an offender’s sentence is reviewed to determine whether it is fair or whether the per-son is being held illegally.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Writ of Habeas Corpus
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_____ is defined as the process by which a juvenile offender who commits an extremely violent or serious offense can be tried in an adult court if the juvenile judge waives his or her jurisdiction.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Waiver
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_____ is a law passed by Congress that defines a “speedy trial” so that there should be no more than 30 days between arrest and indictment, no more than 10 days between indictment and arraignment, and no more than 60 days between arraignment and trial.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Speedy Trial Act of 1974
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Is sentencing the stage of adjudication, after a defendant either pleaded guilty or was found guilty, whereby punishment is formally imposed?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the act of holding a defendant prior to the trial if it is believed that he or she may be a flight risk or dangerous to the community.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Preventive Detention
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_____ is defined as requests, either oral or written (called petitions), that are made to a court seeking a finding, a decision, or an order.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pretrial Motions
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_____ is a system in which the defendant gives up his or her right to a trial in exchange for a reduction in charges or the sentence imposed.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plea Bargaining
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Is jury Selection the process by which an impartial jury is chosen to hear the evidence in a trial; includes the voir dire process, when potential jurors are questioned?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as when the presiding judge explains the law to the jurors and informs them about the specific elements of the offenses with which the defendant is charged or of any lesser offenses that may be relevant
Answer
Correct Answer:
Jury Instructions
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_____ is defined as the stage in the trial process, after the attorneys present their closing arguments, when the members of the jury privately discuss the facts of the case to decide the verdict.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Jury Deliberations
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_____ is the progression of a case through the judicial system
Answer
Correct Answer:
Judicial Process
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Is initial Appearance (Juveniles) a legal proceeding in the juvenile justice system in which a young suspect is asked to appear to hear the formal charges against him or her and to be informed of his or her legal rights?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as citizens who hear evidence against a person accused of a crime and help to determine the appropriate charges that should be brought against that person.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Grand Jury
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_____ is defined as according to the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, a defendant cannot be put on trial twice for the same offense.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Double Jeopardy
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_____ is the rights guaranteed to defendants in a criminal case, as defined by the U.S. Constitution and the Supreme Court
Answer
Correct Answer:
Defendants’ Rights
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Is charging the state’s prosecutor (often the district attorney) decides what charges, if any, should be formally brought against the suspect?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a monetary bond that is paid by a defendant after an arrest as a way to obtain release before the trial
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bail
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_____ is defined as the process by which a second court reviews the conviction or sentencing decision made by a lower court.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Appeal
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_____ is passed by Congress in 1996, this law set a one-year time limit on any defendant seeking to file a habeas corpus petition and placed restrictions on a federal court’s ability to overturn a state court’s criminal conviction.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anti-Terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act
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Is adjudication a proceeding in the juvenile justice system that is similar to a trial in the adult system, but the evidence is presented to a judge rather than a jury?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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A ______ can enter a plea of not guilty on behalf of the accused if he or she feels that the plea was not voluntary or that the defendant did not fully understand the implications of the plea.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Judge
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To serve on a grand jury, most states require that a person be at least _______ years old, a U.S. citizen, a resident of the jurisdiction for at least one year, and able to read and write English.
Answer
Correct Answer:
18
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The ______ Amendment protects against excessive bail.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eighth
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The grand jury process must prove a defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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A judge formally informs defendants of the charge(s) brought against them by the prosecutor in the ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Initial appearance
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Over time, _______ became the standard for determining the maximum delay between an arrest and a first appearance.
Answer
Correct Answer:
48 hours
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The grand jury system was established by the _______ Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fifth
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Who decides if an offender should be charged with a criminal offense after arrest?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prosecutor
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Williams v. Florida ruled that a smaller jury is constitutionally permissible, allowing for ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Six-member juries
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In _____ cases, the prosecution and defense are able to negotiate a plea.
Answer
Correct Answer:
90%
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The ______ is the first stage of the trial process and occurs shortly after the indictment has been declared by the grand jury.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Arraignment
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When a defendant is admitting criminal liability for purposes of this proceeding only, it is termed ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nolo contendere
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With ______, it is not required that the attorneys provide a reason or explanation why they want a potential juror dismissed.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A peremptory challenge
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In some states, the victim is allowed to participate as a fifth actor in the plea bargaining process.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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The pre-sentence investigation is completed by a ______, who interviews the offender’s family, friends, and others to discover more about the offender’s background.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Probation officer
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