1. A code of ethics for psychologists helps to do all of the following except __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Establish public doubt
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2. Ethics is a discussion of how people __________ behave.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Should
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3. ______ is ethical approach that says judgments of the ethics of a study depend on the consequences the study has for the research participants and the benefits that might arise from the study
Answer
Correct Answer:
Utilitarianism
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4. A quotation of 4 or more words, but fewer than 40, around which quotation marks are used is short quotation
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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5. Presenting one’s words as original when they have been used previously in another publication is self plagiarism
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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6. The document submitted to the IRB by the researcher for review is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Research protocol
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7. Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research or reporting research results is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Research misconduct
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8. A set of principles to guide and assist researchers in conducting ethical studies is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Research ethics
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9. Having control of others’ access to information about you is ______
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Correct Answer:
Privacy
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10. Using words or work produced by others and presenting it as your own is known as ______
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Correct Answer:
Plagiarism
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11. A process whereby consent is given by not returning the consent form is passive consent
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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12. Doing no harm to others is nonmaleficence
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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13. The institutional review committee that assesses the ethical acceptability of research proposals is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Institutional review board
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14. Agreeing to participate in a study after being informed of its purpose, procedures, risks, benefits, alternative procedures, and limits of confidentiality is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Informed consent
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15. Review by all members of the IRB is full board review
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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16. A process by which a study is rapidly reviewed by fewer members than constitute the full IRB board is expedited review
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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17. Studies involving no risk to participants and not requiring full IRB review is ______ studies
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exempt
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18. The principles and guidelines that help us uphold the things we value is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ethics
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19. An ethical approach that says concrete and inviolate moral codes cannot be formulated but are a matter of individual conscience is ethical sketicism
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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20. Helping study participants deal with and eliminate any stress or other undesirable feelings that the study might have created is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Desensitizing
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21. An ethical approach that says ethical issues must be judged on the basis of some universal code is deontological approach.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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22. Informing study participants about any deception that was used and the reasons for its use is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dehoaxing
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23. Misleading or withholding information from the research participant is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deception
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24. Debriefing is post study interview in which all aspects of the study are revealed, any reasons for deception are explained, and any questions the participant has about the study are answered.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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25. Confidentiality is not revealing the identity of the participant to anyone other than the researcher and his or her staff
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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26. A quotation of 40 or more words using indented format is ______ quotation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Block
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27. Acting for the benefit of others is ______
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Correct Answer:
Beneficence
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28. Agreeing to participate after being informed of all the features of the study that could affect the participant’s willingness to participate is called
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Correct Answer:
Assent
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29. Keeping the identity of the participant from everyone, including the researcher is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anonymity
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30. Active consent is a process whereby consent is provided by signing a consent form
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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31. “Informed consent” means that before people agree to take part in a research study, they must be informed of ALL aspects of the study.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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32. Fraudulent results are considered to be the most serious type of research misconduct.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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33. A consent form should include a description of the statistical techniques to be used for data analysis.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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34. The goal of debriefing is desensitizing and dehoaxing.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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35. IRBs tend to rely mostly on a utilitarian approach to ethics.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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36. Which of the following is information that should be included in a consent form, if it is applicable?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Statement of the extent to which the results will not be kept confidential.
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37. Which of the following statements about the use of deception in research is true?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The researcher should not use any more deception than needed to conduct a valid study.
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38. One of the difficult ethical issues to contend with when doing Internet research is the issue of obtaining informed consent and knowing when informed consent should be obtained. One of the thorny issues is determining what information is public and what information is private. Which of the following is definitely within the public domain and does not need informed consent?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Information obtained from a television program aired over the Internet.
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39. When writing the research report, Jane thought that Dr. Turner’s summary of a prior study was presented in a very understandable way so she copied the summary and put it in her report. Immediately following the summary she put in a reference to Dr. Turner, which she assumed would tell the reader that she had taken the summary from that reference. In copying this summary, she has ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plagiarized
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40. IRB members review research proposals and they focus especially on ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The ethical acceptability of the proposed research
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41. Passive consent occurs when ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Parents give consent for their children by not returning the consent form
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42. Dr. Doe was investigating the reaction to fear-invoking stimuli in children aged 8–12 and obtained parental consent for children to participate. In addition to getting the parental consent, Dr. Doe gave each child information about the research study and asked if he or she would help by participating in the study. In asking the children whether they would participate, Dr. Doe obtained ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The child’s assent
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43. The three major approaches to ethics ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Differ in the criteria people use to make decisions
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44. What approach to ethics says that ethical issues must be judged on the basis of some universal code?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deontological approach
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45. Confidentiality is defined as ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Participant responses not be shared with anyone outside the study staff
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Educational Research And Methods MCQs | Topic-wise
