The different types of ______ can be characterized by the number of independent variables, the timing of the independent and dependent variables, and how the ______ variable is measured.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Correlational designs; dependent
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For best practices, a survey should be piloted with a ______ group of the intended participants.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Similar
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75% response rate should be gathered to minimize bias, the typical response rate on surveys is less than ______.
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Correct Answer:
50%
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a cross-sectional survey?
Answer
Correct Answer:
It administers a survey once.
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A researcher decides to administer a survey each year to the incoming freshmen to gather their perceptions on their prior school. If the survey is administered at the beginning of each academic year for 4 years, what type of survey design is the researcher using?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cohort longitudinal
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What is the term for a problem that arises when the range of data for one or both correlated factors in a sample is limited or restricted, compared to the range of data in the population from which the sample was selected?
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Correct Answer:
Restriction of range
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What is a problem that arises when the direction of causality between two factors can be in either direction called?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reverse causality
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What is the extent to which the values of two factors (X and Y) vary together called?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Covariance
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When two factors change in the same direction, they have a ______ relationship; when two factors change in opposite directions, they have a ______ relationship.
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Correct Answer:
Positive; negative
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The portion of participants who agree to complete a survey among all individuals who were asked to complete the survey is called the ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Response rate
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Survey research design is the use of a survey, administered either in written form or orally, to _____ an individual or a group.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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Design examines the relationship between one independent and one dependent variable at one point in time is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Simple correlation
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A graphical display of discrete data points (x, y) used to summarize the relationship between two factors is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Scatterplot
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A problem that arises when the direction of causality between two factors can be in either direction is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reverse causality
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A problem that arises when the range of data for one or both correlated factors in a sample is limited or restricted, compared with the range of data in the population from which the sample was selected is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Restriction of range
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The portion of participants who agree to complete a survey among all individuals who were asked to complete the survey refers to the response rate.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ occurs whenever the individuals who respond to a survey respond differently than those who do not.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Response bias
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The best-fitting straight line to a set of data points is known as_____
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Correct Answer:
Regression line
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The variable (X) with values that are known and can be used to predict values of another variable is known as_____
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Correct Answer:
Predictor variable
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Prediction design uses one independent variable to predict the later occurrence of the _____ variable.
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Correct Answer:
Dependent
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In positive correlation, as the values of one factor increase, values of the second factor_____
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Correct Answer:
Increase
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A coefficient used to measure the direction and strength of the linear relationship of two factors in which the data for both factors are on an interval or a ratio scale of measurement is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pearson correlation coefficient
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Outlier is a score that falls substantially _____ most other scores in a data set.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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Negative correlation means that as the values of one factor increase, values of the second factor_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decrease
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_____ is a prediction design with more than one independent variable to predict one dependent variable.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Multiple regression
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_____ is the same questionnaire administered repeatedly over a period of time to the same participants repeatedly to understand the changes that occur in attitudes and opinions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Longitudinal survey
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_____ is a prediction design where the dependent variable(s) is/are dichotomous—pass/ fail, case/not case.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Logistic regression
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A statistical procedure used to determine the equation of a regression line to a set of data points and to determine the extent to which the regression equation can be used to predict values of one factor is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Linear regression
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Data points are the_____ coordinates for each plot in a scatterplot.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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Administering a questionnaire once to a sample of people to examine attitudes and perceptions as a “snapshot” in time is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cross-sectional survey
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The to-be-predicted variable (Y) with unknown values that can be predicted or estimated, given known values of the predictor variable is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Criterion variable
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In covariance the closer data points fall to the regression line, the more the values of two factors _____ together.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vary
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The measurement of two or more factors to determine or estimate the extent to which the values for the factors are related or change in an identifiable pattern is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Correlational research design
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The value of correlation coefficient ranges from_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
-1.0 to 1.0
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An unanticipated variable not accounted for in a research study that could be causing or associated with observed changes in one or more measured variables is known as_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Confound variable
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Comparative design investigates the relationship between one independent and one dependent variable where the independent variable consists of at least_____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two groups
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