_____ is a legal doctrine whereby a person is responsible for the actions of another and is to exercise reasonable and prudent care in supervising that person.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vicarious Liability
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Is use Of Force the type and amount of effort required to compel compliance by an unwilling suspect?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a civil wrong or infraction; the remedy will be damages awarded in civil trial.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tort
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_____ is defined as a portion of the U.S. Code that allows a legal action to be brought against a police officer or other person in position of authority who, it is believed, used his or her position (“acted under color of law”) to violate one’s civil rights.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Section 1983
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_____ is latin for “let the master answer”—a doctrine in liability that establishes a duty of supervisors to control their employees and be considered liable for their actions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Respondeat Superior
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Is proximate Cause a factor that contributed heavily to an event, such as an auto crash or death?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a philosophy meaning that the manner in which an individual regards the criminal justice system is tied closely to the perceived fairness of the process and how he or she was treated rather than to the perceived fairness of the outcome.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Procedural Justice
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_____ is defined as unnecessary use of force by police against citizens, resulting in injury.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Police Brutality
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_____ is
Failure to perform a duty owed.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Negligence
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Is militarization (Of The Police) the idea that the increasing use (since 9/11) of military equipment and tactics by the police has made them pattern themselves around and adopt the military model?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the extent to which the community believes that police actions are appropriate, proper, and just, and its willingness to recognize police authority.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Legitimacy (Of Police)
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_____ is defined as unlawful physical restraint by a police officer, for no valid reason.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False Arrest
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_____ is a situation in which police place someone in jeopardy, such as by giving out the location of a battered spouse or names of victims or witnesses.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Failure To Protect
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Is duty Of Care a legal obligation imposed on someone; in the case of the police, they have a legal responsibility to see that persons in their custody are free from harm, given necessary medical assistance when necessary, and treated humanely?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as policing practices that emphasize the protection of civilians’ civil rights and equal protection under the law.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Constitutional Policing
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_____ is defined as where police officers have violated citizens’ civil rights, a tool used by the courts to compel an agency to generally perform within the dictates of the Constitution and make specific reforms.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consent Decree
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_____ is in tort law, the basis for which a cause of action (e.g., fine) is made to recover damages; in criminal justice, where a police or corrections officer, for example, violates someone’s civil rights.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Civil Liability
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Is body-Worn Camera an audio, video, or photographic recording system worn by police to record their interactions with the public or to gather video evidence at crime scenes?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a movement formed in New York City after the killings of two officers, to publicize that dozens of police officers are murdered each year and that police work is increasingly dangerous.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Blue Lives Matter
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_____ is defined as a movement that initiated national scrutiny of police shootings after an unarmed black teenager, Michael Brown, was shot by police and died in St. Louis in August 2014.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Black Lives Matter
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About one in ten police officers are female, and one in fifteen are a first-line supervisor.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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What term matches the “guardian mind-set” that law enforcement culture should be embracing?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Protector
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Nguyen Van Lu is an inmate at a state penitentiary. The penitentiary psychologist has diagnosed him with depression and suicidal ideation, and a few weeks later Lu attempts suicide. This results in Lu needing medical assistance. What legal obligation does the state facility have to render Lu this assistance?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Duty of care
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Which of the following is often now due to police shootings and the emphasis on greater police transparency?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Body-worn cameras on police officers
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What is one factor that is blamed for racism in police agencies?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Police culture
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Which type of police civil liability most often involves domestic violence cases?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Failure to protect
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Adela wants to let her local police department know her concerns about traffic safety in her neighborhood. She is not very adept at using a computer, so when she calls and they tell her to send in her comments online, she feels very frustrated. What pillar of procedural justice is Adela frustrated with?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Voice
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Reduced sexual harassment and discrimination problems can be attributed to which of the following?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A proven result of having female police officers
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Which of the following would be considered police brutality?
Answer
Correct Answer:
An officer uses a nightstick to beat a sleeping citizen unconscious.
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When criminal justice employees’ conduct creates a danger to others, they may be subject to what kinds of torts?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Negligence
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Lawsuits that allow for employers to be found liable for certain unlawful actions of their employees are known as ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Section 1983 lawsuits
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Some states have privacy laws in place that restrict the use of facial recognition technology, such as Texas and Illinois.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Jerome Skolnick described the working personality of the police as consisting of two important variables: danger and authority.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the use of force by police officers must be ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Objectively reasonable
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Elias is a rookie police officer. His partner, Neil, is significantly more experienced and has a hunch that they’ve identified a man named Constantino who is selling cocaine. Neil uses his smartphone to do a background check on Constantino without obtaining a search warrant first. What concern about technology is exhibited in this scenario?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Privacy
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