Is use-of-Force Continuum the concept that, as force escalates, officers are authorized to use force that is just above the level of force being used against them?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the authority for police to use force when necessary.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Use of Force
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_____ is defined as the exercise of command and control over a territory or beat by police officers.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Territorial Control
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_____ is legal searches conducted without a warrant, after police officers have placed a person under arrest.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Searches Incident to Arrest
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Is searches Based on Exigent Circumstances legal searches conducted without a warrant, typically when evidence may be destroyed or a person faces imminent danger?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the legal standard of proof by which a reasonable per-son would suspect that someone might be engaged in criminal behavior; leads to an investigative detention.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reasonable Suspicion
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_____ is defined as the evidence that a reasonable person would believe to indicate criminal behavior.
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Correct Answer:
Probable Cause
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_____ is the psychological and physical distress caused by witnessing or experiencing a major catastrophic event.
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Is police Misconduct police behavior that is in violation of departmental policies and procedures, is a misuse of power and authority, or is a violation of the law?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the code by which many police officers are asked to live, upholding good values with strong ethics
Answer
Correct Answer:
Police Code of Ethics
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_____ is defined as legal searches conducted without a warrant, when contraband is in plain view of the police.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plain-View Searches
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_____ is the stress caused by the organization, that is, the police department, for which an individual works.
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Correct Answer:
Organizational Stress
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Is order Maintenance the maintenance of territorial control over a specific area or beat by police officers?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the stress associated with performing one’s regular job duties.
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Correct Answer:
Operational Stress
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_____ is defined as improper or illegal conduct carried out while performing one’s job.
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Correct Answer:
Occupational Deviance
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_____ is police misconduct committed in order to ensure justice is served on a criminal.
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Correct Answer:
Noble-Cause Corruption
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Is federalism the issues of shared powers between the national and state governments and how oversight of these powers is determined?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as factors that cause stress in police officers that lie outside of their control.
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Correct Answer:
External Stress
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_____ is defined as grants and budgetary supplements police departments seek from external sources
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Correct Answer:
External Funds
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_____ is a police officer’s ability to decide whether to apply the law or not
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Correct Answer:
Discretion
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Is deadly Force the authority for police to use force that can cause death when their lives or the lives of other citizens are placed in immediate jeopardy?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a system by which trained police officers con-duct debriefings of officers involved in major incidents.
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_____ is defined as legal searches con-ducted without a warrant, when an individual has waived his or her Fourth Amendment rights.
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Correct Answer:
Consent Searches
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_____ is the practice of transferring job duties of police officers to nonsworn, civilian personnel.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Civilianization
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Is citizen Review Boards official government boards, consisting of citizens outside of the police department, that conduct investigations, oversee police investigations, or serve as appellate bodies to outcomes of police misconduct allegations?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as searches conducted without a warrant for inventory purposes, when police take property into their possession for legal purposes.
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Correct Answer:
Administrative Search
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_____ is known as force that involves the pointing of or firing of a handgun.
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Correct Answer:
Firearm Force
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_____ is defined as
Force that involves the use of batons, flashlights, and other implements to deliver force against an individual.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Impact Force
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_____ is force that involves the use of electrical current to temporarily incapacitate an offender, such as with a Taser.
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Correct Answer:
Electronic Force
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Is chemical Force force that involves the use of restraining substances such as pepper spray or mace?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as involves the use of physical restraint techniques such as wrist locks, bodily force, and choke holds.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Physical Force
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_____ is defined as defined as the application of amount and/or frequency of force greater than required to compel compliance from a willing or unwilling subject.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Excessive Use of Force
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_____ is occurs when the race or ethnicity of an individual is used as the sole or primary determinant by the police when making decisions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Racial Profiling
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Is rotten Apple Theory suggests that the corruption of a select few individuals can, in turn, shed a negative light on a department?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as officers who actively pursue corrupt activities that could result in significant and illegal gains.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Meat-Eaters
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_____ is defined as officers who are considered to be involved in corrupt activities in a passive sense.
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Correct Answer:
Grass-Eaters
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_____ is a form of corruption that involves taking items without paying for them.
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Correct Answer:
Shakedowns
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Is bribery involves the solicitation of something of value to influence the actions of another?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a form of corruption that involves receiving free items in exchange for favorable treatment.
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Correct Answer:
Mooching
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_____ is defined as lying to cover up wrongdoing.
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Correct Answer:
Perjury
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_____ is an ethical dilemma that occurs when officers fail to make good ethical decisions and the results of their actions lead to personal gain.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Corruption
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Is issues of Duty ethical dilemmas where officers are faced with challenges based on how they view their role as police officers. An issue of duty also occurs when an officer knows what is expected of her or him but is not inclined to perform a particular aspect of the job?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as occurs when an officer is unsure about the right path of action, when following the right path is difficult, or when the wrong path becomes tempting to the officer.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ethical Dilemma
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_____ is defined as used to inform people who are under arrest that the Fifth Amendment provides protection against self-incrimination during an interrogation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Miranda Warning
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_____ is legal doctrine that allows the police to search a vehicle without a warrant if they have probable cause to arrest the occupants of the vehicle and if they have probable cause that the car contains illegal items.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carroll Doctrine
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Is emergency Exception an exception to the warrant requirement that is invoked if police are concerned that waiting to secure a warrant could either jeopardize the safety of others or threaten the integrity of potential evidence?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a type of search that occurs when the individual gives permission to conduct a search.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consent Search
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_____ is defined as if evidence is obtained without a warrant as a result of unintended error, then the evidence can still be used.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Good Faith Exception
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_____ is this doctrine states that any evidence obtained as a result of an illegal search is excluded and cannot be used against someone in a court of law.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fruit of the Poisoned Tree
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Is exclusionary Rule established by the U.S. Supreme Court case Mapp v. Ohio (1961). It states that items obtained outside the context of a warrant cannot be used against someone in a court of law?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as practice that allows the police to take items and admit them into evidence.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Seize
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_____ is defined as a legal document that allows an officer to complete a search of a person’s belongings.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warrant
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_____ is the process by which the criminal justice system is allowed access to your personal space and belongings to determine whether evidence of a criminal act is present.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Search
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Is probable Cause legal standard that means an officer believes an offense has been or is about to be committed. Can be established by officer observations or information that is received from others?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Four external influences that policing must deal with are political, economic, social, and technological influences.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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The Miranda warning and the rights encapsulated within in it do not become necessary until a person is taken into custody.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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All of the following are considered exigent circumstances EXCEPT ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A suspect has been arrested
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The thin blue line is an idea that police officers are reluctant to “rat out” or tell on another officer.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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In order for a plain-view search to be admissible, it is imperative that the police officer has a legal right to be wherever the contraband is located.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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The ______ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fourth
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Reasonable suspicion is considered to have a higher burden of proof than probable cause. (An officer must have more to go on with reasonable suspicion.)
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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Probable cause must be presented before a jury in order for an officer to secure an arrest warrant or a search warrant.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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When police officers conduct a search incident to arrest, they may search any area they want to, no matter whether the area is incident to the arrest.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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______ is the type of misconduct that includes using one’s position as a police officer for personal gain.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Occupational deviance
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The decisions of the ______ have had the broadest impact on police policies and procedures, for when they decide a case, it affects every police department in the United States.
Answer
Correct Answer:
U.S. Supreme Court
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The idea that police misconduct is typically committed by an immoral individual, and when that individual commits misconduct, it makes all police officers look bad, is referred to as ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rotten apple theory
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The U.S. Supreme Court typically hears cases on appeals that deal with an alleged violation of a constitutional right that is provided by the Bill of Rights, which are the ______
Answer
Correct Answer:
First 10 amendments of the U.S. Constitution
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Federalism is a situation where _____ and ______ law come into conflict.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Federal; state
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The _____ Amendment states that people cannot be forced into confession, and they have the right not to say anything to the police.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fifth
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Ethical dilemmas can occur in four different realms: discretion, duty, honesty, and corruption.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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In the ______ case, the Court considered whether the police could obtain cell phone data records, which includes the location and movement behaviors of individuals, without a warrant.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carpenter v. United States
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The legitimacy of the police is dependent on how officers deploy their power and authority.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Which of the following cases asked whether the police are allowed to search the cell phone of an arrestee without a warrant?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Riley v. California
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Today, corruption is more of an individual effort and reflects that the officers deviate from department rules and norms.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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Issues of duty occur when an officer knows what is expected of her or him but is not inclined to perform a particular aspect of the job.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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According to data, ______are more likely to be involved in use-of-force incidents.
Answer
Correct Answer:
African Americans
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Warrants are required in all cases.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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The Supreme Court has a clear stance on when, where, and how offenders should be identified and apprehended by the criminal justice system.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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Officer Kearns used pepper spray on an offender. What type of force does that constitute?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chemical
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