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Courts History and Structure MCQ

During the 1960s and 1970s, the supreme court _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Attacked de facto segregation stemming from racially imbalanced neighborhoods

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_____ is known as a legal document in which the Supreme Court justices are asked to respond to a question about a federal law or to clarify an issue with the federal law.

Answer

Correct Answer: Writ of Certification

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_____ is defined as the place where a case is heard, typically the court located in the same geographic area in which the criminal behavior occurred.

Answer

Correct Answer: Venue

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_____ is the highest court in the United States; it is largely an appellate court but also has original jurisdiction in some cases.

Answer

Correct Answer: U.S. Supreme Court

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Is u.S. District Courts general trial courts, and the courts of original jurisdiction, for the federal system?

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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_____ is known as also referred to as the thirteenth circuit court, this body hears cases from all across the nation related to patent cases, contract cases, and other civil actions in which the United States is a defendant, as well as appeals.

Answer

Correct Answer: U.S. Court Of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

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_____ is defined as also called inter-mediate appellate courts, or U.S. circuit courts of appeals, these are the courts of last resort for most appeals in the federal court system; they review cases appealed to them from the federal courts within a given district.

Answer

Correct Answer: U.S. Courts of Appeals

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_____ is known as a court employee who records all events that occur during a trial.

Answer

Correct Answer: Stenographer

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_____ is defined as usually the court of last resort in the state; hears cases on appeal from lower state courts.

Answer

Correct Answer: State Supreme Courts

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_____ is the rule stipulating that four of the nine Supreme Court justices must agree to hear a case in order for it to move forward.

Answer

Correct Answer: Rule of Four

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Is public Defender an attorney who provides legal representation for defendants who cannot afford private legal counsel?

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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_____ is known as a primary actor in the court-room who is responsible for filing criminal charges and then presenting the state’s case against that defendant to a judge and/or jury in the hopes of proving the defendant’s guilt.

Answer

Correct Answer: Prosecutor

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_____ is defined as a legal opinion from an appellate court that is a brief, unsigned doc-ument in which the court agrees with part of a lower court ruling but disagrees with other parts.

Answer

Correct Answer: Per Curiam Opinion

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_____ is courts that hear cases initially or for the first tim

Answer

Correct Answer: Original Jurisdiction

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Is majority Opinion a decision by an appellate court that describes the finding of the majority of the justices?

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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_____ is known as court employees who keep cases progressing smoothly by completing tasks such as researching cases, reviewing documents, summarizing cases, preparing cases, or writing documents.

Answer

Correct Answer: Law Clerks

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_____ is defined as citizens who, after hearing the evidence from both sides of a case, determine the guilt or innocence of a defendant and, in some cases, also recommend an appropriate sentence.

Answer

Correct Answer: Jurors

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_____ is the law that set forth the United States’ federal court structure and defined the jurisdiction and role of the federal courts

Answer

Correct Answer: Judiciary Act of 1789

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Is intermediate Appellate Courts (State) also called courts of appeals, these courts review decisions from lower court proceed-ings if a party to the original case believes that either the procedures followed during the trial stage or the decision rendered by the lower court was unconstitutional?

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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_____ is known as officials who have the authority to hear cases that involve minor federal misdemeanor offenses as well as to issue arrest or search warrants to federal law enforcement officers, conduct preliminary hearings, and set bail for defendants

Answer

Correct Answer: Federal Magistrates

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_____ is defined as the simultaneous existence of two court systems, federal and state.

Answer

Correct Answer: Dual Court System

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_____ is the identification number assigned to a case.

Answer

Correct Answer: Docket Number

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Is defense Attorney an attorney who represents a person accused of a crime; he or she attempts to obtain an acquittal throughout all stages of the adjudication process?

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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_____ is known as the collection of court personnel, who each have their own distinct roles but also work together to ensure that cases run smoothly through the system.

Answer

Correct Answer: Courtroom Workgroup

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_____ is defined as a method of providing counsel to indigent defendants whereby private law firms prepare an estimated cost for providing legal counsel, and the firm with the lowest bid to represent these offenders is awarded the responsibility.

Answer

Correct Answer: Contract System

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_____ is a courtroom employee, typically an armed law enforcement officer, who maintains order in the courtroom and ensures that the defendant is not able to escape or harm others.

Answer

Correct Answer: Bailiff

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Is assigned Counsel court-assigned private attorneys who represent indigent defendants?

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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_____ is known as the section of the Constitution that defines the judicial branch of government, or the court system.

Answer

Correct Answer: Article III of the U.S. Constitution

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_____ is defined as courts responsible for hearing cases that have already been heard in a lower court but are being appealed for a legal reason.

Answer

Correct Answer: Appellate Jurisdiction

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_____ is also known as “friends of the court” briefs, are submitted by interested parties to the U.S. Supreme Court to provide the justices with other perspectives or legal arguments about the case at hand.

Answer

Correct Answer: Amicus Curiae Briefs

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The Supreme Court’s power of judicial review, to act as a check on the behavior of other branches of government, was determined by ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Marbury v. Madison

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The geographic area where the trial occurs is referred to as the ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Venue

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______ are written briefs submitted by interested parties or organizations.

Answer

Correct Answer: Amicus curiae briefs

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District courts may also serve as appellate courts for those cases tried before a ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: U.S. magistrate

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Jury pools are selected from all of the following areas EXCEPT ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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The current chief justice of the Supreme Court is ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: John Roberts

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Under the ______ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, every person accused of a crime has the right to adequate legal counsel.

Answer

Correct Answer: Sixth

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All of the following are considered trial courts of limited jurisdiction EXCEPT ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Appellate court

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Public defenders are used by all states and the federal government as a way to provide legal defense to indigent offenders.

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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Those appellants seeking to have their cases reviewed by the Supreme Court who cannot afford to meet the standards can be granted exceptions termed ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: In forma pauperis briefs

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The Supreme Court also has original jurisdiction with discretionary cases, which means that the Supreme Court ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: May accept the case even though it is not required to do so

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The only cases the Supreme Court must hear are those involving ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: A lower federal court declaring an act of Congress (a piece of legislation) to be unconstitutional, where the federal government is a party.

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The number of justices serving on the Supreme Court is determined by the Constitution.

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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A state court will hear cases dealing with violations such as treason or counterfeiting money.

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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______ are the courts of last resort for most appeals in the federal court system, since most either are not appealed to the Supreme Court or are not granted certiorari by the Supreme Court.

Answer

Correct Answer: The U.S. Courts of Appeal

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