According to the rational choice approach, the decision to commit crime is structured by ______.
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Correct Answer:
Where the crime occurs and the characteristics of the target
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Is weed and Seed Program program designed to prevent crime by removing dangerous offenders from neighborhoods and providing funds to develop the community?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the theory that subcultural factors contribute to criminal and delinquent behavior.
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Correct Answer:
Subcultural Theory
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_____ is defined as criminal justice policies designed to build prosocial networks.
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Correct Answer:
Social Support Policies
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_____ is the theory that a community’s or neighborhood’s level of disorganization contributes to the crime rate in that community or neighborhood.
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Correct Answer:
Social Disorganization Theory
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Is social Control Theory a theory that asserts that individuals commit crime because of weak bonds to societal institutions?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as criminal justice policies designed to build commitment to helping one another.
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Correct Answer:
Social Altruism Policies
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_____ is defined as the theory that a lack of self-control is the main factor behind deviant behavior.
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Correct Answer:
Self-Control Theory
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_____ is the theory that crime occurs when three things occur at the same time and in the same location: a motivated offender is present, capable guardians are absent, and vulnerable targets are present.
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Correct Answer:
Routine Activities Theory
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Is rational Choice Theory the theory that offenders decide to commit crimes for specific purposes?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as adherents of the theory that crime is caused by factors beyond choice.
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Correct Answer:
Positivist School
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_____ is defined as written practices or strategies guiding behavior.
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Correct Answer:
Policies
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_____ is the theory that juveniles tend to know right from wrong, but they engage in delinquent acts after rationalizing (or neutralizing) their behavior as appropriate in specific situations.
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Correct Answer:
Neutralization Theory
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Is neurocriminology study of the way that the brain contributes to criminal behavior?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the types of values that school children are expected to demonstrate and adhere to in their scholastic endeavors.
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Correct Answer:
Middle-Class Measuring Rod
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_____ is defined as an interdisciplinary developmental theory that explains human behavior by examining how past events put individuals on certain trajectories for future behaviors.
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Correct Answer:
Life Course Theory
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_____ is a theory that suggests that criminal behavior is learned just as other behavior is learned.
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Correct Answer:
Learning Theory
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Is labeling Theory the theory that labeling individuals contributes to future offending and that expectations of individuals, whether positive or negative, may lead individuals to meet those expectations?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the theory that structural factors related to strain or anomie contribute to overall crime rates in a society.
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Correct Answer:
Institutional Anomie Theory
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_____ is defined as the theory that crime is caused by the way individuals respond to frustrations they encounter.
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Correct Answer:
General Strain Theory
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_____ is based on the classical school, the theory that offenders choose to commit crime as a result of their free will.
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Correct Answer:
Deterrence Theory
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Is conflict Theory the theory that crime is caused or influenced by the actions and decisions of those with power?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a theory developed by Park and Burgess that divided the city into a series of concentric zones, with the assumption that crime is more likely to occur in the zones with more disorder.
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Correct Answer:
Concentric Zone Theory
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_____ is defined as adherents of the theory that crime is the result of free choice on the part of the individuals.
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Correct Answer:
Classical School
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_____ is the theory that minor crimes and disorder send a signal to people that a community does not care, thus inviting an unwanted element that engages in more serious crime.
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Correct Answer:
Broken Windows Theory
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Is anomie Theory a theory that suggests that crime is produced by normlessness or confusion?
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Correct Answer:
True
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______ theory explains crime by suggesting that minor forms of disorder will lead to additional disorder.
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Correct Answer:
Broken windows
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Transitions are long-term events embedded in trajectories.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Different set of theories are used to explain juvenile delinquency.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Criminological theories are explanations of crime and criminal justice behaviors and should be taken as fact.
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Correct Answer:
False
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According to the crime prevention strategies listed in the text, homes with barking dogs are believed to have higher burglary rates.
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Correct Answer:
False
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The phrase upper class measuring rod refers to the types of values that school children are expected to demonstrate and adhere to in their scholastic endeavors.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Emile Durkheim’s concept of anomie or normlessness is synonymous with ______.
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Correct Answer:
Social strain theory
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______ deterrence focuses on preventing the public from committing future offenses.
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Correct Answer:
General
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According to deterrence theory, in order for punishment to be effective, it must meet all of the following criteria EXCEPT______
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Correct Answer:
Shaming
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What theory is useful in explaining why some offenders are specialists who concentrate on specific types of offenses?
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Correct Answer:
Rational choice theory
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The classical school argued that crime was a matter of free choice.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Condemning the deviant behavior without condemning the individual is known as ______.
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Correct Answer:
Reintegrative shaming
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______ was (were) the founder(s) of the positivist school of criminology, which adhered to the principle of determinism to explain crime.
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Correct Answer:
Cesare Lombroso
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Research shows that severity is a stronger predictor of deterrence than certainty and swiftness.
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Correct Answer:
False
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______ theories examine the way that individual-level factors influence decisions to commit crime.
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Correct Answer:
Macro-level
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