Empirical evidence and theoretical rationales that support the inferences or interpretations made from test scores is validity evidence
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Correct Answer:
True
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A correlation coefficient that is computed to provide validity evidence, such as the correlation between test scores and criterion scores is validity coefficient
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Correct Answer:
True
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The accuracy of the inferences, interpretations, or actions made on the basis of test scores is called
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Correct Answer:
Validity
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The process of gathering evidence that supports inferences made on the basis of test scores is called
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Correct Answer:
Validation
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Distinguishable, relatively enduring ways in which one individual differs from another is called
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Correct Answer:
Traits
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A comprehensive ______ source of information about published tests is tests in print
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Correct Answer:
Primary
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In measurement, ______ refers to the measurement of variables
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Correct Answer:
Testing
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A measure of the consistency of test scores over time is test-retest reliability
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Correct Answer:
True
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An error that is present every time an instrument is used is called
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Correct Answer:
Systematic error
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Distinguishable but less enduring ways in which individuals vary is called
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States
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A measure of the consistency of the scores obtained from two equivalent halves of the same test is split-half reliability
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Correct Answer:
True
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A statistical formula used for correcting the split-half reliability coefficient is spearman-brown formula
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Correct Answer:
True
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______ is test-taking method in which participants check or rate the degree to which various characteristics are descriptive of themselves
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Correct Answer:
Self report
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A correlation coefficient that is used as an index of reliability is ______ coefficient
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Correct Answer:
Reliability
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The consistency or stability of test scores is reliability
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Correct Answer:
True
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A scale of measurement that has a true zero point is ratio scale
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Correct Answer:
True
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A test-taking method in which the participants provide responses to ambiguous stimuli is called
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Projective measures
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Validity evidence based on the relationship between test scores collected at one point in time and criterion scores obtained at a later time is called
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Correct Answer:
Predictive evidence
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The relatively permanent patterns that characterize and can be used to classify individuals is called personality
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Correct Answer:
True
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A test-taking method in which the participants perform some real-life behavior that is observed by the ______ is called performance measures
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Correct Answer:
Researcher
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A rank-order scale of measurement is called
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Correct Answer:
Ordinal scale
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The specific group for which the test publisher or researcher provides evidence for test validity and reliability Is known as ______
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Norming group
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A ______ for norming group is called norm group
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Synonym
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A scale of measurement that uses symbols, such as words or numbers, to label, classify, or identify people or objects is called nominal scale
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Correct Answer:
True
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A primary source of information about published tests is called mental measurements yearbook
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Correct Answer:
True
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Assigning symbols or numbers to something according to a specific set of rules is known as
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Measurement
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Evidence that groups that are known to differ on the construct do differ on the test in the hypothesized direction is called
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Known group evidence
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A scale of measurement that has equal intervals of distances between adjacent numbers is called interval scale
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Correct Answer:
True
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The degree of agreement or consistency between two or more scorers, judges, or raters is called interscorer reliability
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Correct Answer:
True
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The consistency with which the items on a test measure a single construct is called
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Internal consistency
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The ability to think abstractly and learn readily from experience is called
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Correct Answer:
Intelligence
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A ______ test in which all the items measure a single construct is called homogeneous test
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Unidimensional
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In test validity, refers to how well the different items in a test measure the same construct or trait is called
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Correct Answer:
Homogeneity
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A ______ that analyzes correlations among test items and tells you the number of factors present. It tells you whether the test is unidimensional or multidimensional is called factor analysis
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Correct Answer:
Statistical procedure
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The difference between true scores and observed scores is called ______
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Error
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The consistency of a group of individuals’ scores on alternative forms of a test measuring the same thing is called in equivalent forms reliability
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Correct Answer:
False
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Evidence that the scores on your focal test are not highly related to the scores from other tests that are designed to measure theoretically different constructs Is called discriminant evidence
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Correct Answer:
True
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Tests that are designed to identify where a student is having difficulty with an academic skill is called
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Diagnostic tests
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A frequently used name for what Lee Cronbach called “coefficient alpha”is called
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Correct Answer:
Cronbach's alpha
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Validity evidence based on the extent to which scores from a test can be used to predict or infer performance on some criterion such as a test or future performance is called criterion related evidence
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Correct Answer:
True
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The standard or benchmark that you want to predict accurately on the basis of the ______ is called criterion
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Correct Answer:
Test scores
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Validity evidence based on the relationship between the focal test scores and ______ of the same construct is called convergent evidence
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Correct Answer:
Independent measures
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Validity evidence based on a judgment of the degree to which the items, tasks, or questions on a test adequately represent the construct domain of interest is called ______
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Correct Answer:
Content related evidence
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Degree to which the test is used appropriately, works well in practice, and does not produce any negative or abnormal social and psychological consequences is called consequential validity
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Correct Answer:
True
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Validity evidence based on the relationship between test scores and criterion scores obtained at the same time is known as concurrent evidence
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Correct Answer:
True
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A formula that provides an estimate of the reliability of a homogeneous test or an estimate of the reliability of each dimension in a multidimensional test is called
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Correct Answer:
Coefficient alpha
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Gathering and integrating data to make educational evaluations Is called
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Correct Answer:
Assessment
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Tests that focus on information acquired through the informal learning that goes on in life is called aptitude tests
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Correct Answer:
True
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Tests that are designed to measure the ______ that has taken place after a person has been exposed to a specific learning experience is called achievement tests.
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Correct Answer:
Degree of learning
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Coefficient alpha provides an estimate of internal consistency reliability.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Content-related validity evidence refers to the degree to which the test items are a good sample of the entire domain of interest. That is, it tells you if the test items are representative of the domain of interest.
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Correct Answer:
True
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The correct order of the four levels of measurement is: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
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Correct Answer:
True
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The correct order of the four levels of measurement is: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
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Correct Answer:
True
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A researcher administers the same test to a group of people at two time points in order to determine the consistency of the test scores over time. The researcher is trying to assess equivalent scores reliability.
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Correct Answer:
False
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A nominal scale is similar to what was described as a quantitative variable in Chapter 2.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Which of the following statements accurately describes internal consistency reliability?
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Correct Answer:
Measure of consistency whereby the items on a test measure a single construct or concept
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Which of the following is a type of reliability?
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Correct Answer:
Test–retest
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If you adjust your new properly working bathroom scale down 5 lbs to make you appear to weigh less, which of the following is true?
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Correct Answer:
The scales are reliable.
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Which of the following is most clearly an example of a psychological state?
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Correct Answer:
Brief anxiety over just seeing a spider
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If a track coach measures just the order of finish of people in a 5 km jogging race, what scale would be used?
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Correct Answer:
Ordinal scale
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Which measurement scale allows the researcher to use the most advanced mathematical operations?
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Correct Answer:
Ratio
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You have developed a new test of self-esteem and you want to obtain evidence of the validity of the interpretations about self-esteem that you make using your new test. Which of the following represent convergent and discriminant evidence?
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Correct Answer:
The test correlates highly with another test of self-esteem, and it is uncorrelated with mathematical intelligence.
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Validity is which of the following?
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Correct Answer:
Accuracy of the inferences, interpretations, or actions made on the basis of test scores.
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Validity is which of the following?
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Correct Answer:
Accuracy of the inferences, interpretations, or actions made on the basis of test scores.
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Which of the following is a type of “criterion-related” validity evidence?
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Correct Answer:
Predictive evidence
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Which of the following is an assumption underlying testing and measurement?
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Correct Answer:
Psychological traits and states exist
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