Public Relations MCQ Questions Answers

1. Declarative memories are consolidated during _____ sleep.

2. Most pr work for companies and nonprofits is done _____.

3. Lobbyists approach white house officials to _____.

4. Small media companies often use press releases verbatim because ______.

5. The text points out that older women are __________ likely to live alone than older men.

6. Superstitous behavior is behavior that occurs repeatedly despite the fact that it __________.

7. Declarative memories are to ________ memories as procedural memories are to ________ memories.

8. Declarative memories are to ________ memories as nondeclarative memories are to ________ memories.

9. Strategic communication is the deliberate use of communication and public relations by organizations to meet their goals and objectives.

10. Quantitative reporting of media coverage using formulas to adjust the value of individual news stories based on factors such as prominence is known as ________ .

11. Relative volume is comparing the amount of media coverage between, for example, different organizational messages/objectives, or among competing organizations in the same publications or channels.

12. Simple media evaluation and reporting based solely on the number of “clips”—organizational or campaign mentions in relevant media coverage is known as ________ .

13. Observer bias evaluates results to confirm their own opinions and biases.

14. Influence or tone, Message communicated, Prominence, Audience reached, Consultant/spokesman quoted, and Type of article is known as _______ .

15. The group that is not acted on by the variable being studied is known as _______ .

16. Flexible outlays that can be responsive to environmental changes during a campaign, including professional time and some digital ad buys is known as ________ .

17. Which of the correct statements about Hard costs ?

18. A campaign planning and execution tool that visually represents a variety of campaign activities and the timeline is known as _______ .

19. Contingency theory based on multiple _______ factors.

20. Professional time costs for the research, planning, development, execution, and evaluation of campaigns is known as _______ .

21. Budget Media is a ______ cost such as print, broadcast, or digital ad buys.

22. Budget Materials is a tactic-specific outlay such as printing, video production, or newswire distribution.

23. Budget Infrastructure is a cost for upgraded items such as _________ that are often wholly or partially integrated into campaign budgets.

24. Budget, Administration is a campaign expenditure for office-related ________ and other incidental activities.

25. Uncontrolled media refers to outreach methods that are not under direct control of the company, organization, or sender of messages.

26. _______ is the process of sharing information with journalists with the aim of publishing it for a wider audience.

27. The process of defining, crafting, integrating, and distributing organizational messages through a variety of communication channels is known as _______.

28. The value of information provided to a reporter by a source, including public relations professionals is known as ________ .

29. Conversion is used as a metric to track campaign success: a member of a target group completing a desired action such as donating to a fundraiser .

30. Controlled media is _______ and owned media channels where the organization has full control of the design, content, timing, and reach of the messages.

31. A centralized digital location to house differing types of written and multimedia content that can be repurposed, shared, and linked ,this statement is related ________ .

32. Content creation used in multiple formats as part of paid, earned, shared, owned, and converged channels.

33. A paid social media strategy that allows organizations to expand the reach of their organically created or curated content is known as _______ .

34. Newsworthiness including timeliness, uniqueness, breadth of impact, and relevance to the media outlet’s audience.

35. The medium through which messages are sent is known as _______ .

36. A useful metric or objective comparing one organization, message, or campaign with competitors in a given space is known as _______ .

37. Outtake objectives include awareness of organizational messages or social media engagement metrics.

38. Measurable process objectives that support reaching more important outcome objectives, but do not by themselves meet organizational goals is known as _______ .

39. Outcome objectives are measurable changes in the behavior of publics that contribute ________ to organizational goals through action .

40. Lead generation can generate and capture sales/donor leads among specific audiences as part of their objectives.

41. A potentially valuable marketing-based objective, gathering contact information for interested potential customers or donors is known as ______ .

42. Competitive objectives based on success relative to the results of competitors .

43. The boundaries of a particular project or campaign is known as ________ .

44. Organizational/organization-wide goals are significant, stable,_______ aspirations defined by the management and leadership of organizations.

45. Iterative planning is a _______ planning are not separate, ordered steps, but part of a continuous cycle of understanding the organization and its environment .

46. PR/communication goals should reflect the most effective use of campaign outreach (impact role) to support the achievement of organizational goals. Which of the correct statements about Communication/public relations goals ?

47. Validity is a specific research program or individual question/scale that measures what it is intended to measure.

48. Triangulation is the use of multiple methods and/or data sources to reinforce the credibility of research findings is known as .

49. A process to help organizations define their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats is known as _______ .

50. Research, Secondary includes the gathering of insights from research conducted by others, often involving the collection and analysis of a significant number of existing reports,

51. Research, Refinement is a research done in the middle stages of the campaign to ensure _________ are reaching audiences

52. Research, quantitative several key elements to determine their _______ .

53. Research, Qualitative focused on narrowing the scope to one or several key elements to determine their _______ .

54. Research, Primary conducted by practitioners to inform their understanding of the organization, ________ .

55. Research, Informalt include maintaining relationships with leadership and stakeholders, consuming ________ , following influencers on social media.

56. Which systematic techniques and accepted practices for social science research, including large-scale surveys ?

57. Scientific research designed to establish whether one variable (independent) is influencing a second variable is known as _______ .

58. Research Evaluative is research to understand a campaign’s ________ inform future campaigns.

59. Research, Developmental is a formative research that is done as part of the campaign planning process. Often, it’s done to better understand an ________ .

60. Any group of people tied together by some common factor or interest is known as _______ .

61. A framework, process, and perspective that informs the analysis of data or information is known as _______ .

62. Likert-type scale is a popular and established measurement item construction using an odd number of points .

63. Generalizable is formal research using a sample makes the results applicable to a larger group than the study itself.

64. The content analyzed through research. Data can take many forms, from interviews _______ .

65. The process of analyzing data to look for critical themes, the frequency of particular words, phrases, or symbols, as well as collecting relevant metadata is known as _______ .

66. Coding is the process of identifying ________, or other symbols in a variety of materials .

67. Codebooks are particularly necessary when multiple individuals are coding the same set of data .

68. _______ are distinct from publics in that they are created or made distinct by the organization, rather than being self-selecting.

69. Situational theory of publics can be identified and classified by problem recognition, level of _______ .

70. Shared media is a social media channel that is characterized by the opportunities for all participants to engage with content, including commenting and sharing.

71. In the PESO model, each channel delivers unique importance and can be used together in a wide variety of combinations during campaigns.

72. The channels for which money is paid to place the message and control its distribution is known as _______ .

73. The editorial and messages produced by an organization and distributed across its numerous owned, controlled communication channels is known as ______ .

74. Influencer is an expert in a ________ with a loyal and engaged following.

75. When practitioners use media relations to provide information subsidies to and build relationships with journalists, bloggers are known as _______ .

76. Converged media maintain qualities of both paid and shared content.

77. Tactics are tangible items such as a ________ or a website.

78. Strategies used to _______ a message to achieve objectives.

79. Social sphere is the broad network of _________ channels that collectively create a new form of public sphere.

80. R.O.P.E. is a four-step communication planning model. R.O.P.E.: Research, Objectives, Programming, Evaluation.

81. Research is the systematic _______ of data used to increase understanding of particular phenomena.

82. R.A.C.E. is a four-step communication planning model. R.A.C.E.: Research and planning, Action, Communication, Evaluation.

83. Specific, measurable statement of what needs to be achieved as part of reaching a goal is known as ______ .

84. In media uses and gratification theory people select particular media to satisfy their needs or to be entertained.

85. A widely used model developed by Peter Drucker, management by objectives is known as_______ .

86. The point in the campaign process where the campaign plan is put into operation is known as _______ .

87. A word or phrase to allow for its categorization or search within a social media channel or channels is known as _______ .

88. The analysis of completed or ongoing activities that determine or support a public relations campaign is known as _______ .

89. Differences among individuals within a group, including both potentially visible factors (age, gender, ethnicity, disability, etc.) and potentially invisible factors is known as ________ .

90. The process of identifying the core problem or opportunity for communication and public relations efforts is known as _______ .

91. Crowdfunding is the practice of funding a ________ by raising small donations from a large number of people, typically through digital channels.

92. Budget is an estimate of ________ for a set period of time or particular project.

93. The deliberate use of communication and public relations by organizations to meet their goals and objectives is known as ______ .

94. Strategic communication is the deliberate use of ________ by organizations to meet their goals and objectives.

95. Stakeholders include ______ such as employees and board members as well as external groups such as customers/donors, vendors, and community members.

96. The systematic collection of data about the usage of and interaction with social media channels to improve strategy is known as ______ .

97. Social media is a digital communication networks that allow users to connect with others as well as share _______ and other content

98. Social listening is a systematic approach to monitoring digital conversations to better understand publics, communities, and an organization’s environment .

99. A public relations campaign is a strategic approach to achieving organizational and communication goals known as _______ .

100. Programmatic buying is a traditional paid media purchased strategically by _______ .