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Rights of Modern Corporation MCQ

1. When Hobby Lobby sued the Health and Human Services Department, what was its claim?

That the Health and Human Services Department was ignoring its Fourteenth Amendment rights under the Constitution

That the requirement to provide abortion-inducing drugs violated the Hale v. Henkel precedent

That the Health and Human Services Department inconsistently supported protection for unreasonable search and seizure

That the requirement to provide abortion-inducing drugs violated their right to properly exercise their religious freedom

Answer

Correct Answer: That the requirement to provide abortion-inducing drugs violated their right to properly exercise their religious freedom

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2. What is the legal significance of the Hobby Lobby ruling?

That publicly traded companies do not have to comply with federal mandates

That only corporations with religious orientation in their statement of purpose can claim religious freedom

That no court before had ever recognized a for-profit corporation’s exemption from the law in the name of religious freedom

That the Affordable Care Act is unconstitutional as it relates to both closely held and publicly traded companies regarding contraceptives

Answer

Correct Answer: That no court before had ever recognized a for-profit corporation’s exemption from the law in the name of religious freedom

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3. Ultimately, how did the U.S. Supreme Court rule in the Hobby Lobby case?

In favor of Hobby Lobby, stating that the federal government’s restriction on the activities of a for-profit, closely held corporation must comply with the Religious Freedom Restoration Act

In favor of Hobby Lobby, stating that the federal government must respect the religious liberty of a closely held, for-profit corporation planning to acquire stockholders

In favor of Hobby Lobby, stating that the federal government cannot interfere with a private company’s statement of purpose and guaranteed religious freedoms under the Fourth Amendment

In favor of Hobby Lobby, stating that the federal government was wrong to create and implement the Affordable Care Act and should not impose taxes for those who do not comply

Answer

Correct Answer: In favor of Hobby Lobby, stating that the federal government’s restriction on the activities of a for-profit, closely held corporation must comply with the Religious Freedom Restoration Act

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4. Eventually, the Court of Appeals reversed the denial for a preliminary injunction in the Hobby Lobby case. Why?

Hobby Lobby had a lot of public support.

Hobby Lobby’s statement of purpose was legal.

Hobby Lobby qualified as a person.

Hobby Lobby joined forces with Conestoga Wood Specialties.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hobby Lobby qualified as a person.

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5. What was the court’s initial decision when Hobby Lobby sought injunctive relief to avoid fines for not providing all types of contraceptives to employees?

The request was denied on the grounds that Hobby Lobby did not have the right to the free exercise of religion.

The request was approved due to other corporate cases that prevailed on constitutional grounds to freely practice religion.

The request was denied based on previous decisions that found such requests objectional, using the Fourth Amendment as cause.

The request was approved based on the Second Amendment alone, without touching on religious liberty.

Answer

Correct Answer: The request was denied on the grounds that Hobby Lobby did not have the right to the free exercise of religion.

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6. Why was Hobby Lobby not exempt from a religious accommodation under the Affordable Care Act?

The size of the company

Its nonprofit status

The owners’ objections to abortions

Its history of never covering contraceptives

Answer

Correct Answer: Its history of never covering contraceptives

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7. Why was Hobby Lobby not exempt from a religious accommodation under the Affordable Care Act?

The size of the company

Its nonprofit status

The owners’ objections to abortions

Its history of never covering contraceptives

Answer

Correct Answer: Its nonprofit status

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8. What is a primary thing that sets Hobby Lobby apart from other large corporations?

Its large craft section

Its financial health

Its statement of purpose

Its location

Answer

Correct Answer: Its statement of purpose

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9. How can the Hobby Lobby decision be described?

As definite about the scope of rights for corporations regarding religion and corporate personhood

As bringing complete closure to the dispute about the scope of rights for corporations and the question of corporate purpose

As bringing little closure to the dispute about the scope of rights for corporations and the questions of corporate purpose

The fundamental key to deciding if corporations qualify as a person who can exercise religion in some way

Answer

Correct Answer: As bringing little closure to the dispute about the scope of rights for corporations and the questions of corporate purpose

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10. What was the Hobby Lobby ruling?

Hobby Lobby does not qualify as a person.

Closely held, for-profit corporations are entitled to free exercise of religion.

The Affordable Care Act supports religious freedom.

Hobby Lobby is exempt from all federal mandates due to its religious orientation.

Answer

Correct Answer: Closely held, for-profit corporations are entitled to free exercise of religion.

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11. Those who believe that corporations cannot be bearers of rights are ______ the Citizens United case.

Critics of

Supporters of

Indifferent to

Neutral to

Answer

Correct Answer: Critics of

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12. What percentage of the American public disagreed with the ruling for the Citizens United case?

Answer

Correct Answer: 80

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13. What surprised some corporate rights advocates about Justice Kennedy’s opinion on the Citizens United case?

Nothing surprised the advocates

That corporate personhood was not addressed

That he promoted the Fourth Amendment

That he supported the oppression of for-profit corporations

Answer

Correct Answer: That corporate personhood was not addressed

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14. What was the chief precedent cited in the Citizens United case?

First National Bank v. Bellotti

The Hobby Lobby case

Religious Freedom Restoration Act

The Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution

Answer

Correct Answer: First National Bank v. Bellotti

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15. In the Citizens United case, the government’s attorneys argued that the government had the power to ______.

Prohibit the distribution and advertising of books, pamphlets, and movies under certain circumstances if they were made or sold by corporations

Insist that corporations spend general funds to support all political candidates equally

Grant corporations the right to spend general funds for political electioneering

Overturn First Amendment rights for corporations during the time just before an election

Answer

Correct Answer: Prohibit the distribution and advertising of books, pamphlets, and movies under certain circumstances if they were made or sold by corporations

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16. The attorney for Citizens United argued in front of the Supreme Court that ______.

There is evidence that corporate and union independent expenditures corrupt the legislative process

Free speech about political interests and campaigns should be banned for for-profit corporations

Corporations should be able to contribute their ideas or opinions to political campaigns the same as individuals

The restrictions imposed by the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act were not unconstitutional

Answer

Correct Answer: Corporations should be able to contribute their ideas or opinions to political campaigns the same as individuals

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17. Citizens United promotes ______.

Religious freedoms for employees who hold the same political views

Corporate interests and political candidates who advance their goals

Maximum government oversight for corporations with political agendas

Liberal foundations that support political electioneering communications

Answer

Correct Answer: Corporate interests and political candidates who advance their goals

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18. The ruling in the Citizens United case created a firestorm of protests calling for ______.

Congress to enforce the decision

Congress to advocate for Citizens United

Congress to overthrow the decision

Congress to defend electioneering communications

Answer

Correct Answer: Congress to overthrow the decision

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19. In the Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission case, the court opined that the law violated which amendment?

Fourteenth

First

Fourth

Fifth

Answer

Correct Answer: First

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20. There is nothing wrong with a corporation giving away large portions of their profits to religious organizations as long as ______.

The organizations are aligned to the religious beliefs of stakeholders

Shareholder gain is still the primary goal of the corporation

Fairness to those who cooperate to create economic value is considered

Employees have access to the health care plans of their choice

Answer

Correct Answer: Fairness to those who cooperate to create economic value is considered

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21. How does the ruling in the Hobby Lobby case impact female employees who do not share the same religious sentiments as the owners?

They are compelled to pay for the religious beliefs of the owners.

They are forced to buy individual insurance.

They are denied freedom of speech.

They are forced to practice a religion they do not believe in.

Answer

Correct Answer: They are compelled to pay for the religious beliefs of the owners.

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22. In the Hobby Lobby case, the Supreme Court majority believed that, as an association, the corporation is capable of ______.

Resisting social interests

Asserting the right of its members

Resisting government mandates

Accommodating all stakeholder needs

Answer

Correct Answer: Asserting the right of its members

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23. What is the purpose of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993?

To protect the right of employers to enforce religious practices

To protect employees’ rights for health care

To prevent health plans from approving contraceptives

To protect the right to exercise religious freedom

Answer

Correct Answer: To protect the right to exercise religious freedom

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24. Which is a right that a corporation does not have?

The right to vote

The right to due process

Protection from unreasonable search and seizure

Liberty rights

Answer

Correct Answer: The right to vote

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25. The Fourth Amendment provides corporations ______.

Protection against unreasonable search and seizure

Protection for the freedom of religion

The right to freedom of speech

The right to due process

Answer

Correct Answer: Protection against unreasonable search and seizure

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26. The Fourteenth Amendment provides corporations ______.

Protection against unreasonable search and seizure

Protection from social interest groups

The right to due process and equal protection under the law

The right to freedom of speech

Answer

Correct Answer: The right to due process and equal protection under the law

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