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Data Reduction and Descriptive Statistics of Communication MCQ

1. The numbers that describe a sample are referred to as statistics.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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2. The range and variability of scores are described by measures of ______.

Dispersion

Central tendency

Frequency

Parameters

Answer

Correct Answer: Dispersion

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3. Measures of central tendency (mean, median, and mode) describe the ______ of a data distribution.

Average

Total

Range

Center

Answer

Correct Answer: Center

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4. Anomalous data are data that you expect to find in your research results.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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5. The basic goal of data reduction is to present data in summary form.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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6. Statistics describe the numbers obtained from quantitative research.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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7. Multivariate analysis refers to analyzing three or more variables at a time

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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8. When researchers start their research by looking at each variable on its own, they are using the approach known as ______ analysis.

Univariate

Primary

Frequency first

Bivariate

Answer

Correct Answer: Univariate

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9. Univariate analysis is the analysis of multiple variables at the same time.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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10. The numbers that describe a sample are referred to as parameters.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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11. “Cross tabs” occur when a researcher gets a result that was NOT expected.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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12. What is a z score?

The average of a set of scores

The number of units of standard deviation a value is above or below the mean

A test of similarity of scores from two different groups

The number of units of variance a case is above or below the mean

Answer

Correct Answer: The number of units of standard deviation a value is above or below the mean

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13. Descriptive statistics help describe the distribution of data in a data set.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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14. The first step in data analysis is to decide what data to use. What is a reason you might exclude some data?

You have not obtained consent from a participant.

Respondent’s responses are incomplete.

You consider some respondents as “outliers.”

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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15. The calculated probability of a value being true is called _____level.

Confidence

Freedom

Distribution

Skew

Answer

Correct Answer: Confidence

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16. A measure of the number of ways data could be combined and still produce the same value for a statistic is known as ______.

Degree of freedom

Interquartile range

Standard deviation

Confidence level

Answer

Correct Answer: Degree of freedom

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17. The number of units of standard deviation that any individual score is above or below the mean for a variable is called z-score.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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18. A measure of the extent to which a set of scores vary on either side of their mean value is called _____.

Standard deviation

Range

Mean

Median

Answer

Correct Answer: Standard deviation

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19. A measure of the extent to which a set of scores vary on either side of their mean value is called

Range

Variance

Z-score

Deviation

Answer

Correct Answer: Variance

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20. The range between the highest and lowest values for the middle ____ of values in a distribution is called Interquartile Range.

10%

50%

100%

75%

Answer

Correct Answer: 50%

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21. The difference between the maximum value and minimum value in a data set is called _____.

Range

Xrange

Domain

Standard deviation

Answer

Correct Answer: Range

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22. The lowest value in a data set is called

Maximum

Minimum

Average

Optimum

Answer

Correct Answer: Minimum

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23. The highest value in a data set is known as _____.

Maximum

Minimum

Average

Optimum

Answer

Correct Answer: Maximum

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24. Measurements describing the range and variability of values in a data set are called measures of _____.

Dispersion

Distribution

None of these

Both of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Dispersion

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25. Distribution of data that shows two values occurring with equal frequency is called _____ distribution.

Bimodal

Trimodal

Multimodal

Binary

Answer

Correct Answer: Bimodal

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26. Trimodal distributions of data having three values occurring with _____ frequency.

Equal

Different

Diagonal

Perpendicular

Answer

Correct Answer: Equal

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27. A statistical test for determining whether two groups differ significantly in their distribution of scores on the same variable is called _____.

Chi-square

T-test

Anova

Correlation

Answer

Correct Answer: Chi-square

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28. Measurements describing the central features of a data set rather than its outlying values are called measures of central tendency.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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29. The most frequent score in a set of scores is called ____.

Mode

Mean

Median

Range

Answer

Correct Answer: Mode

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30. The _____of a set of scores is called median.

Midpoint

Endpoint

Startpoint

Mean

Answer

Correct Answer: Midpoint

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31. The average for a set of scores is called _____.

Mean

Median

Mode

None of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Mean

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32. Pertaining to three or more variables is called _____.

Multivariate

Univariate

Bivariate

Trivariate

Answer

Correct Answer: Multivariate

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33. Data with incremental values between the minimum and maximum is called _____ data.

Categorical

Continuous

Numerical

Preliminary

Answer

Correct Answer: Continuous

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34. Data that fit into distinct categories such as zip code or academic major is called ____ data.

Categorical

Continuous

Numerical

Preliminary

Answer

Correct Answer: Categorical

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35. A table that shows how scores for two or more variables are related is called a contingency table.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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36. A _____ is a table that shows how scores for two or more variables are related.

Cross tabs

Anova

Logistics regression

None of above

Answer

Correct Answer: Cross tabs

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37. Pertaining to two variables is known as bivariate.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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38. Tables that show categories of a variable by the number of times that category occurs is known as _____.

Frequency tables

Cross-tabs

Bivariate

Multivariate

Answer

Correct Answer: Frequency tables

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39. The number of times a particular score or result occurs is known as _____.

Frequency

Voltage

Amplitude

Period

Answer

Correct Answer: Frequency

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40. Statistics that describe only one variable are _____ analysis.

Univariate

Bivariate

Trivariate

Tetravariate

Answer

Correct Answer: Univariate

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41. Data that appear suspicious or are not anticipated by a researcher is called _____.

Anomalous data

Regression

Univariate analysis

Bivariate

Answer

Correct Answer: Anomalous data

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42. The Data points are recorded values of each _____, one value for each individual.

Variables

Constants

Values

Literals

Answer

Correct Answer: Variables

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43. The programming language for statistical computing and graphics that you can use to clean, analyze, and graph your data is called R.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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44. IBM SPSS® Statistics is one of several statistical software packages used in the ______.

Social sciences

Mathematics

Biology

Physics

Answer

Correct Answer: Social sciences

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45. Arrangements of data displayed and summarized by rows and columns are called ______.

Tables

Charts

Graphs

Flow diagram

Answer

Correct Answer: Tables

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46. The values pertaining to a ______rather than a sample .

Population

Sample

Table

Formulae

Answer

Correct Answer: Population

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47. Mean.range and variance is calculated by _____.

Statistical formulae

Data set

Data reduction

Tables

Answer

Correct Answer: Statistical formulae

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48. All the data from a research project is known as a data set.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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49. The process of reducing “raw” data to a simpler form by using, for example, summary statistics, tables, or graphs is called ______.

Data reduction

Descriptive statistics

Statistical formulae

Parameters

Answer

Correct Answer: Data reduction

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50. Statistics that describe and summarize the data for a sample is called Descriptive Statistics.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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51. Analysis that examines the relationship among three or more variables simultaneously is called _____.

Statistics

Parameter

Biostatistics

Calculus

Answer

Correct Answer: Statistics

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