Structural Design MCQ

1. If a material has a linear deformation, then its deformation is ______________ to the loading.

Answer

Correct Answer: Directly proportional

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2. What is the unbraced length?

Answer

Correct Answer: The length of a member without any support

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3. What is a lateral load?

Answer

Correct Answer: Load acting in a lateral direction

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4. What is a lateral load resisting system?

Answer

Correct Answer: A structural system that is designed to resist lateral loads and provide stability for the structure as a whole.

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5. What is lateral bracing?

Answer

Correct Answer: Lateral stability.

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6. What is lap joint?

Answer

Correct Answer: Joint between two overlapping connection elements in parallel planes.

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7. What is the definition of "lacing"?

Answer

Correct Answer: Together.

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8. What does Kern refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The core of a post or other compression member which limits eccentric stresses being tensile

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9. What is the other name for K-connection?

Answer

Correct Answer: Portal frame

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10. What is a Joist?

Answer

Correct Answer: A repetitive light beam.

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11. What is a joint?

Answer

Correct Answer: Area where two or more ends, surfaces, or edges are attached.

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12. What is the limit state of a beam-column bent about its major axis?

Answer

Correct Answer: In-plane instability

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13. What is the definition for Inertia?

Answer

Correct Answer: Tendency of objects at rest to remain at rest and objects in motion to remain in motion.

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14. What does Inelastic (plastic) strain imply?

Answer

Correct Answer: Permanent deformation

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15. What is an indeterminate structure?

Answer

Correct Answer: A structure with more unknown reactions than static equations

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16. What is horizontal shear?

Answer

Correct Answer: Force at the interface between steel and concrete surfaces in a composite beam.

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17. What is a horizontal diaphragm?

Answer

Correct Answer: A floor or roof deck to resist lateral load.

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18. What is a gusset plate?

Answer

Correct Answer: Plate element connecting truss members of a strut or brace to a beam or column.

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19. What is a groove weld?

Answer

Correct Answer: Weld in a groove between connection elements

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20. What is the unit of gravity?

Answer

Correct Answer: Attractive force

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21. What is the shape of a chain or string suspended from two points under any load called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Funicular

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22. What is a fully restrained moment connection?

Answer

Correct Answer: Connection capable of transferring moment with negligible rotation between connected members.

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23. What are the two types of foundations?

Answer

Correct Answer: Shallow and Deep

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24. Which of the following is not a result of force?

Answer

Correct Answer: Change in shape

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25. What is Flexural-torsional buckling?

Answer

Correct Answer: Buckling mode in which a compression member bends and twists simultaneously without change in cross-sectional shape.

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26. What does Flexure mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Bending deformation

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27. What is a Fixed connection?

Answer

Correct Answer: A connection that resists axial and shear forces and bending moments.

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28. What is a fitted bearing stiffener used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: To transmit load through bearing

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29. What is the definition of a fillet weld?

Answer

Correct Answer: Weld of generally triangular cross section made between intersecting surfaces of elements

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30. What is the limit state of crack initiation and growth resulting from repeated application of live loads called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Fatigue

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31. What is the product of a load factor and the nominal load called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Factored load

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32. What is an external force?

Answer

Correct Answer: A force acting on an object

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33. What does it mean if an object is in equilibrium?

Answer

Correct Answer: The resultant of all forces acting on it has zero magnitude.

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34. What is the point on the Earth's surface above the hypocenter where an earthquake originates called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Epicenter

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35. What is energy defined as?

Answer

Correct Answer: The work to move a body a distance; energy is the product of forces times distance.

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36. What is the elastic modulus?

Answer

Correct Answer: The linear slope value relating material stress to strain.

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37. Beyond which point is deformation of a material plastic?

Answer

Correct Answer: Elastic limit

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38. What is the definition of "elastic/plastic"?

Answer

Correct Answer: Materials that have both an elastic zone and a plastic zone (i.e. steel

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39. What does it mean if a material is elastic?

Answer

Correct Answer: It returns to its original geometry upon unloading.

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40. What is the effective section modulus?

Answer

Correct Answer: Section modulus reduced to account for buckling of slender compression elements

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41. What is the effective net area?

Answer

Correct Answer: Net area modified to account for the effect of shear lag.

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42. What is the definition of effective length?

Answer

Correct Answer: Length of an otherwise identical column with the same strength when analyzed with pinned end conditions.

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43. What is the effective length factor, K?

Answer

Correct Answer: Ratio between the effective length and the unbraced length of the member.

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44. What is the difference between a Static and Dynamic Load?

Answer

Correct Answer: Dynamic load changes with time, while static load does not.

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45. What is dynamic equilibrium?

Answer

Correct Answer: Equilibrium of a moving object without change of motion.

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46. Ductibility is which of the following?

Answer

Correct Answer: The capacity of a material to deform without breaking

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47. What is the definition of drift?

Answer

Correct Answer: Lateral deflection of structure due to lateral wind or seismic load.

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48. What is the definition of "double-concentrated forces"?

Answer

Correct Answer: Two equal and opposite forces that form a couple on the same side of the loaded member.

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49. Deformed shape of a beam with one or more inflection points within the span is known as?

Answer

Correct Answer: Double curvature

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50. What is a distributed load?

Answer

Correct Answer: An external force which acts over a length or an area.

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51. What does "displacement" refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: A translation, a rotation, or a combination of both.

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52. What does a diaphragm do?

Answer

Correct Answer: Transfers in-plane forces to the lateral force resisting system.

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53. What is a diaphragm plate used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: To transfer forces to the supporting elements

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54. What is the primary force that diagonal bracing carries?

Answer

Correct Answer: Axial force

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55. What is another name for a determinate structure?

Answer

Correct Answer: A structure with the number of reactions equal to the number of static equations.

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56. What does design stress tell us?

Answer

Correct Answer: Design strength divided by the appropriate section property

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57. What is the design stress range?

Answer

Correct Answer: Magnitude of change in stress due to the repeated application and removal of service live loads.

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58. What is design strength?

Answer

Correct Answer: Resistance factor multiplied by the nominal strength, øRn.

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59. What does the acronym ASD refer to in the context of design load?

Answer

Correct Answer: American Society of Civil Engineers

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60. What is a Deformation?

Answer

Correct Answer: A change of the shape of an object or material.

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61. Deflection is defined as the vertical moment under which load?

Answer

Correct Answer: Gravity

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62. What is the weight of a structure called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Dead Load

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63. What is the radius of curvature?

Answer

Correct Answer: The inverse of the curvature, 1/R

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64. What is creep?

Answer

Correct Answer: Plastic deformation that proceeds with time.

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65. What does a cover plate do?

Answer

Correct Answer: Increases cross-sectional area, section modulus or moment of inertia

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66. What is the main purpose of a cover plate?

Answer

Correct Answer: To increase cross-sectional area, section modulus or moment of inertia.

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67. What is a couple in physics?

Answer

Correct Answer: A system of two equal forces of opposite direction offset by a distance.

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68. What is the purpose of a cope in construction?

Answer

Correct Answer: To remove a flange and conform to the shape of an intersecting member

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69. What joins members to transfer forces or moments from one to the other?

Answer

Correct Answer: Connection

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70. What is the limit state of compressive failure in concrete?

Answer

Correct Answer: The concrete has reached the ultimate strain

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71. What is concrete composed of?

Answer

Correct Answer: Cement, crushed rock or gravel, sand and water.

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72. What is a concentrated load?

Answer

Correct Answer: An external concentrated force

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73. What is the definition of compression?

Answer

Correct Answer: A force that tends to shorten or crush a member or material.

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74. What does the term "composite materials" refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: Materials consisting of a combination of two of more distinct materials

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75. What is a composite?

Answer

Correct Answer: Condition in which steel and concrete elements and members work as a unit in the distribution of internal forces.

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76. What is a vector?

Answer

Correct Answer: A mathematical object consisting of a magnitude and a direction

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77. What is the primary function of a column?

Answer

Correct Answer: Resisting axial force.

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78. What is a collector?

Answer

Correct Answer: An element that transfers load from a diaphragm to a resisting element

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79. What is a chord member?

Answer

Correct Answer: Primary member that extends, usually horizontally, through a truss connection.

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80. What is the centroid?

Answer

Correct Answer: The center of mass of a shape or object.

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81. What is the definition of center of gravity?

Answer

Correct Answer: The location of resultant gravity forces on an object or objects.

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82. What is cement?

Answer

Correct Answer: Cementitious (binder) materials used in concrete

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83. What is the name for structural elements or systems that are supported only at one end?

Answer

Correct Answer: Cantileverts

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84. What is the definition of "Camber?"

Answer

Correct Answer: Curvature fabricated into a beam or truss so as to compensate for deflection induced by loads.

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85. What is a built-up member?

Answer

Correct Answer: A member fabricated from elements that are nailed, welded, glued or bolted together

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86. What is the nominal strength for buckling or instability limit states?

Answer

Correct Answer: Buckling strength

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87. What is buckling?

Answer

Correct Answer: Sudden change in the geometry of a structure or any of its elements under a critical loading condition

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88. What does a braced frame do?

Answer

Correct Answer: It provides resistance to lateral forces and provides stability for the structural system.

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89. What is the purpose of bracing in a structure?

Answer

Correct Answer: To stiffen the structure by utilizing the inherent in-plane stiffness of a triangular framework.

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90. What is Block shear rupture?

Answer

Correct Answer: Limit state of tension fracture along one path and shear yielding or shear fracture along another path.

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91. What is a bending moment?

Answer

Correct Answer: A force rotating about a point; causes bending in beams, etc

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92. What is bearing?

Answer

Correct Answer: Limit state of local compressive yielding due to the action of a member bearing against another member or surface.

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93. What is a beam-column?

Answer

Correct Answer: A structural member that resists both axial force and bending moment.

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94. What is the primary function of a beam?

Answer

Correct Answer: Resisting bending moments

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95. What does base shear refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: A lateral (wind or seismic) force acting at the base of a structure.

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96. What is meant by axial force?

Answer

Correct Answer: A force that is acting along the longitudinal axis of a structural member.

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97. What does ASTM stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: The American Society of Testing and Materials

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98. What does ASD mean in relation to load combination?

Answer

Correct Answer: Allowable strength design

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99. What is ASD?

Answer

Correct Answer: Allowable Strength Design

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100. What is the applicable building code?

Answer

Correct Answer: Building code under which the structure is designed.

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101. What is the allowable stress?

Answer

Correct Answer: Allowable strength divided by the appropriate section property

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102. What is the definition of allowable strength?

Answer

Correct Answer: Nominal strength divided by the safety factor.

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