Climatology MCQ

1. Speed of the wind is unaffected by ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Coriolis effect

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2. Solar radiation is ________, as compared to the ________ emitted by earth.

Answer

Correct Answer: Short-wave radiation; long-wave radiation

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3. The world's largest expanse of middle latitude dry climates is on the continent of ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Asia

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4. The seasons by the ocean are _____ than inland areas.

Answer

Correct Answer: Less extreme

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5. Climates near the equator are warmer than at the poles because _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: The Sun's rays are more concentrated at the equator

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6. Climate is the sum of ________ in a given area, averaged over a long period of time.

Answer

Correct Answer: Weather conditions

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7. A monsoon climate is characterized by ________ summers and ________ winters.

Answer

Correct Answer: Wet;dry

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8. The hottest places on earth are ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Associated with a lack of clouds

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9. Primary and secondary waves are _____ waves, and love waves are _____ waves.

Answer

Correct Answer: Body, surface

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10. Prevailing surface winds are named for the ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Direction from which they blow

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11. Locations near the equator _____

Answer

Correct Answer: Experience little change in weather throughout the year

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12. Earth's polar regions (above 60 latitude) are classified as deserts because __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Cold, dry sinking air in the polar high regions produces little precipitation

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13. Earth's climate ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Is changing as a result of natural and human processes

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14. Advection is a(n) ________ wind movement.

Answer

Correct Answer: Horizontal

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15. What is the unit of measure for a calorie?

Answer

Correct Answer: The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius.

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16. What does "calm" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: When the air conditions have no movement or wind.

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17. What is the boiling point of water?

Answer

Correct Answer: 100°C and 212°F

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18. What is the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit?

Answer

Correct Answer: 212°F

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19. What is black frost?

Answer

Correct Answer: When vegetation is frozen on the inside during a frost in which there is no moisture

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20. What is the biosphere?

Answer

Correct Answer: The zone between the earth and the atmosphere in which most life forms reside.

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21. What does the term "salinity" refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The amount of dissolved minerals in water, usually salt specifically.

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22. What are common waves?

Answer

Correct Answer: Water, sound, and light

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23. What is the change in direction of waves called when they interact with a substance?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reflection

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24. What is proxy data?

Answer

Correct Answer: Data that paleoclimatologists gather from natural recorders of climate variability

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25. What is precipitation?

Answer

Correct Answer: Any and all forms of water, liquid or solid, that falls from clouds and reaches the ground.

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26. What does polar refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The regions of Earth near the poles.

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27. What does photosynthesis produce?

Answer

Correct Answer: Sugars and other plant tissues

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28. What is the study of periodical natural events that are correlated with climate and seasonal cycles?

Answer

Correct Answer: Phenology

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29. What is percolation?

Answer

Correct Answer: The slow passage of a liquid through a filtering medium

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30. What is the paleoclimate?

Answer

Correct Answer: Past or ancient climates.

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31. What does ozone absorb?

Answer

Correct Answer: Ultraviolet radiation

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32. What danger does too much UV radiation pose?

Answer

Correct Answer: Health problems and damage to plants

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33. What causes ocean current?

Answer

Correct Answer: Winds, waves, temperature, density or the movement of the Earth

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34. What is the definition of mitigation?

Answer

Correct Answer: The act of reducing the severity of something.

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35. What is migration?

Answer

Correct Answer: Moving from one region to another usually seasonally for breeding or feeding.

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36. What is the study of atmospheric phenomenon called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Meterology

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37. What is longitude?

Answer

Correct Answer: The angular distance along the equator measured from the prime meridian to the meridian of the point in question

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38. What is the Equator?

Answer

Correct Answer: The line of 0˚ latitude that divides Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres

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39. What is latitude?

Answer

Correct Answer: Circular lines around Earth that measure the angular distance from the Equator in degrees.

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40. What is the energy required to change a substance called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Latent heat

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41. What is land use?

Answer

Correct Answer: Human modification and management of land, such as agriculture, homes, or other development.

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42. What is the definition of kinetic energy?

Answer

Correct Answer: Energy of motion

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43. What is the unit of measurement for insolation?

Answer

Correct Answer: Watts per square meter

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44. What is insolation?

Answer

Correct Answer: The amount of solar radiation received by Earth in a given area in a given time.

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45. Between which types of electromagnetic radiation is infrared found?

Answer

Correct Answer: Microwave radiation and visible light

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46. What is infrared radiation?

Answer

Correct Answer: The long wave, electromagnetic radiation of radiant heat emitted by all hot objects.

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47. What does infiltration mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: To pass through a substance by filtering or permeating

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48. What are ice sheets?

Answer

Correct Answer: Great ice masses covering both Greenland and Antarctica.

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49. Which of the following is not a part of the hydrologic cycle?

Answer

Correct Answer: Heat transport

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50. What is the Hadley cell?

Answer

Correct Answer: A direct, thermally driven and zonally symmetric circulation under the strong influence of Earth's rotation

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51. What does "habitat" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: The environment where a plant or animal normally lives and grows.

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52. What is the primary reason for the greenhouse effect?

Answer

Correct Answer: Carbon dioxide and water vapor

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53. What is a glacier?

Answer

Correct Answer: A large body of ice that spreads over the land

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54. What is a front?

Answer

Correct Answer: The transition zone or interface between two air masses of different densities, which usually means different temperatures.

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55. What is a fossil?

Answer

Correct Answer: Preserved remains or evidence of plants and animals from the past.

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56. What is a food web?

Answer

Correct Answer: A complex system of who eats who in an ecosystem

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57. What are primary consumers?

Answer

Correct Answer: Animals

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58. What is a food chain?

Answer

Correct Answer: The sequence of who eats who in an ecosystem

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59. What is the definition of "extinct"?

Answer

Correct Answer: Species of organisms that once lived on Earth but are no longer present

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60. What does extent mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: The range, magnitude, or distance that something covers.

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61. What does "expansion" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Increase in size

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62. What does the word "evolved" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Incremental change in an organism over time.

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63. On what two days does the equinox occur?

Answer

Correct Answer: March and September

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64. How many times a year does an equinox occur?

Answer

Correct Answer: Twice a year

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65. What does the word "equatorial" refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The region near the Equator of the planet

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66. What is energy?

Answer

Correct Answer: The ability to do work

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67. What is the most commonly used reference for elevation?

Answer

Correct Answer: Sea level

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68. What does elevation refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The height above a fixed reference, most commonly sea level

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69. What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

Answer

Correct Answer: The range of all electromagnetic radiation from the lowest frequencies to the highest

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70. What is the study of ecosystems called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Ecology

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71. What does biodiversity refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The number of species, plant and animal, in a region as well as their relative abundance.

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72. What does the word "diversity" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Variety or multiformity.

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73. What is the study of how biological organisms are geographically arranged called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Biogeography

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74. What is the population mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: The mean is the sum of all the data points divided by the number of data points.

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75. Why does hot air rise?

Answer

Correct Answer: Hot air is less dense than cold air.

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76. What does density refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The calculated mass per unit volume of a substance

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77. What is density?

Answer

Correct Answer: Density is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume

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78. What is the SI unit of density?

Answer

Correct Answer: Kg/m^3

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79. What is the definition of decomposition?

Answer

Correct Answer: The process of rotting or decay

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80. What is convection?

Answer

Correct Answer: The movement of mass, liquid or gas.

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81. What is the movement of air or water caused by differences in temperature?

Answer

Correct Answer: Convection currents

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82. What does the word "emaciate" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: To reduce in size

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83. What is the shortening of a muscle called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Contraction

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84. What is the definition of consumption?

Answer

Correct Answer: The use of something such as food or energy.

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85. What is the best way to prevent the spread of consumption?

Answer

Correct Answer: Early diagnosis and treatment

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86. What is the main driver of economic growth?

Answer

Correct Answer: Consumer spending

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87. What is the opposite of evaporation?

Answer

Correct Answer: Condensation

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88. What is the opposite of vaporization?

Answer

Correct Answer: Evaporation

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89. What is the process whereby water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water?

Answer

Correct Answer: Condensation

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90. What is sea ice concentration?

Answer

Correct Answer: The percent of water surface covered by ice

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91. What is the definition of concentration?

Answer

Correct Answer: The ability to focus the mind

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92. What is the root word for "concentration"?

Answer

Correct Answer: Cent

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93. What is combustion?

Answer

Correct Answer: The process of burning

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94. What is a climate change?

Answer

Correct Answer: A significant and long-term change in the weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to thousands of years.

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95. What is climate?

Answer

Correct Answer: A region's long-term, average weather elements such as temperature and precipitation

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96. What determines what kind of plants will grow in a region?

Answer

Correct Answer: The climate

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97. What is the main greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change?

Answer

Correct Answer: Carbon dioxide

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98. What is the main cause of climate change?

Answer

Correct Answer: Greenhouse gases

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99. What is a biome?

Answer

Correct Answer: A community of plants and animals that are defined geographically and climatically

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100. What is anthropogenic?

Answer

Correct Answer: Made by people or resulting from human activities

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101. Which of the following is not a type of anthropogenic pollution?

Answer

Correct Answer: Greenhouse gases

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102. What does anthropogenic mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Of, relating to, or resulting from human activity

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103. What does the word "anomaly" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Irregularity or deviation from normal

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104. What is the meaning of the word "anomaly"?

Answer

Correct Answer: Something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected

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105. What is an angle of incidence?

Answer

Correct Answer: An angular measurement of an object away from 'straight up.'

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106. What is angle of incidence?

Answer

Correct Answer: The angle at which light hits a surface

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107. What is an atmosphere?

Answer

Correct Answer: An extensive body of air throughout which the horizontal temperature and moisture characteristics are similar.

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108. What is an air mass?

Answer

Correct Answer: A large body of air with uniform temperature and humidity

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109. What does adaptation mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Change in natural or human systems to a new or changing environment

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110. What does adaptation refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment.

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111. What does fitness mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: The capacity of an organism to thrive in its ecosystem

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112. What does the word "adapt" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: To make fit for a new use or environment

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113. What is biodiversity?

Answer

Correct Answer: The variety and variability of life on Earth

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114. What does the word "abundance" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: An ample quantity; plenty

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115. What is albedo?

Answer

Correct Answer: The measure of how much light is reflected by an object

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116. What is the definition of uptake?

Answer

Correct Answer: The process in which something takes in a substance or energy.

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117. What is the process in which something takes in a substance or energy called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Ingestion

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118. What is the definition of "absorption?"

Answer

Correct Answer: The process or action of taking in or soaking up something

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119. What does the term 'insolation' refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The action of the sun's rays falling on the earth's surface

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120. What does the word "absorb" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Take in or soak up (liquid, light, or other substance) by chemical or physical action

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