A statement made by persons directly affected by a crime (or victims’ survivors in the case of murder) to inform the court of the _____ harm they have suffered as a result of the defendant’s actions and, in some states, to make a sentencing recommendation is known as Victim Impact Statement.
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Correct Answer:
Both
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U.S. Sentencing Commission is a commission charged with creating mandatory sentencing guidelines to control _____ discretion.
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Correct Answer:
Judicial
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Laws that require that there be a truthful, realistic connection between the sentences imposed on offenders and the time they actually serve refer to _____ Sentencing Laws.
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Correct Answer:
Truth in
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Sentences that require convicted persons to serve brief periods of confinement in a county jail prior to probation placement refers to ____ Sentences.
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Correct Answer:
Split
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A type of sentence aimed at shocking offenders into going straight by exposing them to the reality of prison life for a short period followed by probation is known as _____
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Correct Answer:
Shock Probation
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Sentencing Guidelines are scales for _____ computing sentences that offenders should receive on the basis of the crimes they committed and on their criminal records.
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Correct Answer:
Numerically
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Sentencing Disparity is a wide variation in sentences received by different offenders that may be _____
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Both
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Sentence is a punitive penalty ordered by the court after a defendant has been convicted of a crime _____
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Correct Answer:
All of these
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Problem Solving Courts are alternatives to traditional criminal courts that cannot adequately address the problems of offenders with _____
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Correct Answer:
All of these
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Presentence Investigation Report is written by the probation officer informing the judge of various aspects of the offense for which the defendant is being sentenced as well as providing information about the defendant’s _____
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Correct Answer:
All of these
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A prison sentence imposed for crimes for which probation is not an option, where the minimum time to be served is set by law is known as _____ Sentence.
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Correct Answer:
Mandatory
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A life sentence with the additional condition that the person never be allowed parole is known as Life Without Parole.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Justice is a moral concept of just or fair treatment consisting of “treating equals equally and unequals unequally according to relevant_____ .”
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Correct Answer:
Differences
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A prison sentence consisting of a range of years to be determined by the convict’s behavior rather than one of a fixed number of years is known as _____ Sentence.
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Correct Answer:
Indeterminate
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Habitual Offender Statuses are statutes mandating that offenders with ____ felony convictions be sentenced to life imprisonment regardless of the nature of the felony.
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Correct Answer:
Third
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First Step Act is an act signed by President _____ that seeks to improve criminal justice outcomes such as reducing the federal prison population (the act applies only to the federal system) and creating rehabilitative mechanisms to maintain public safety.
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Correct Answer:
Trump
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Fair Sentencing Act of 2010 is an act mandating that the amount of crack cocaine subject to the_____-year minimum sentence be increased from 5 to 28 grams, thereby reducing the 100-to-1 ratio to an 18-to-1 ratio (28 grams of crack gets as much time as 500 grams of powder cocaine).
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Correct Answer:
5
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A special sentence for drug-related _____ offenders who must then complete an extensive drug treatment program is known as Drug Court.
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Correct Answer:
Non violent
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A prison sentence of a fixed number of years that must be served rather than a range is known as _____ Sentence.
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Determinate
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A sentence in which two or more sentences must be served sequentially is known as _____ Sentence.
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Consecutive
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A sentence in which two separate sentences may be served at the same time is known as _____ Sentence.
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Concurrent
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Sentences that require felons to serve brief periods of confinement in a county jail prior to probation placement are called ______.
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Correct Answer:
Split sentences
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A concurrent sentence is one in which an individual serves ______.
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Correct Answer:
Two separate sentences at the same time
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______ allow persons directly affected by a crime to inform the court of the harm he or she has suffered as a result of the defendant's actions.
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Correct Answer:
Victim impact statements
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Indeterminate sentencing prevails under which of the following models?
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Correct Answer:
Medical
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A consecutive sentence is one in which a person serves ______.
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Correct Answer:
Two sentences, one following the other
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______ are now advisory, meaning that judges can choose to follow them or not.
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Correct Answer:
Sentencing guidelines
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The United States Sentencing Commission was charged with the task of creating ______.
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Correct Answer:
Mandatory sentencing guidelines
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A presentence investigation report is used by ______ to assist in sentencing recommendations.
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Correct Answer:
Judges
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A determinate sentence is one in which a person serves ______.
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Correct Answer:
A fixed number of years
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In the United States v. Booker, the Supreme Court ruled that the federal sentencing guidelines were no longer binding on the states.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Only 16 states require disclosure of the presentence investigation report.
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Correct Answer:
True
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A presentence investigation report is generally written by a judge.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Sentencing disparity occurs when there is little variation in sentences received by different offenders.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Habitual offender statutes are derived from the same punitive atmosphere that led to truth in sentencing statutes.
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Correct Answer:
True
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An indeterminate sentence is one in which the actual number of years a person may serve is not fixed but rather a range of years.
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Correct Answer:
True
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