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Corrections in the 21st Century MCQ

_____ occurs when services or whole correctional institutions are provided or operated by private businesses or corporations.

Professionalism

Privatization

Individualization

Both a and b

Answer

Correct Answer: Privatization

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Penal Help is a movement including the reform of state laws to_____ coupled with the increase in the use of rehabilitation, restorative justice, and reentry programming.

Liberalize marijuana use

The repeal of harsh sentences

The reduction in the use of incarceration

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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Penal harm is movement in corrections based on retribution in sentencing and the infliction of greater harm while inmates are under correctional supervision.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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Corrections Industrial Complex is a collusion among _____ to make money for themselves and their organizations from correctional services, construction, and operations.

Politicians

Business officials

Criminal justice officials

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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A greater sense of justice, a reduction in industry growth, and less tax dollars spent could be achieved by ______.

Increased education

Stricter gun controls

Decarceration

Fewer police officers

Answer

Correct Answer: Decarceration

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The advent and increased use of supermax prisons have caused management of inmates to shift to ______.

Solitary confinement

Incapacitation

Medical sedatives

Warehousing

Answer

Correct Answer: Warehousing

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Democratization can reduce ______ associated with working in corrections.

Negative emotions

Negative stereotypes

Positive emotions

Positive stereotypes

Answer

Correct Answer: Negative emotions

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Russia is the country that most closely resembles the United States in ______.

Arrest rates

Drug offenses

Incarceration

Juvenile delinquency

Answer

Correct Answer: Incarceration

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As best we can tell we do not have significantly more ______ than at any other time in our history.

Crime

Robberies

Drug use

Juvenile delinquents

Answer

Correct Answer: Crime

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Goleman refers to positive relationships enhancing health and negative relationships adversely affecting health as ______.

Emotional dichotomy

Reverse emotionality

Emotive alignment

A double-edged sword

Answer

Correct Answer: A double-edged sword

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The proportion of ______ in prison remained stable until the introduction of the war on drugs.

Women to men

Police to correctional officers

Whites to minorities

Women to men and whites to minorities

Answer

Correct Answer: Women to men and whites to minorities

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From 1980 to 2009, the number people on probation or parole ______ in size.

Shrank

Doubled

Tripled

Quadrupled

Answer

Correct Answer: Tripled

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Welch (2005) argues that corrections has become a prison industrial complex, an enterprise where civic leaders receive contributions from contractors.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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It is said that mass decarceration can bring about the positive outcome of less crime to communities.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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A strong majority of correctional institutions in the United States now enforce professional standards for new hires.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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Privatization of prisons can reduce some of the negative emotions associated with working in prisons.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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Increasing sentence length is a key component in changing the correctional system if we hope to move beyond the failures of our past.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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Punitive policies have increased incarceration rates.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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Punitive sentiments have led to an increased use of all corrections.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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