History of Punishment and Prisons in the United States MCQ
Is western State Penitentiary part of the Pennsylvania system located outside of Pittsburgh?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as america’s first attempt to incarcerate inmates with the purpose of reforming them.
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Walnut Street Jail
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_____ is defined as very dangerous and/or impossible tests to prove the guilt or innocence of the accused.
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Trial by Ordeal
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_____ is a place of refuge or asylum.
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Sanctuary
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Is reintegration Model used to identify programs that looked to the external environment for causes of crime and the means to reduce criminality?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as crimes against society or a social group.
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Public Wrongs
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_____ is defined as a period of extraordinary urban and industrial growth and unprecedented social problems.
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Progressive Era
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_____ is crimes against an individual that could include physical injury, damage to a person’s property, or theft.
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Private Wrongs
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Is old Newgate Prison first prison structure in America?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as an approach to correctional treatment that utilizes a type of mental health approach incorporating fields such as psychology and biology.
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Medical Model
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_____ is defined as an examination of a number of various prison treatment programs.
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Martinson Report
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_____ is a system where the duration of the sentence was determined by the inmate’s work habits and righteous conduct.
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Mark System
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Is lex Talionis refers to the Babylonian law of equal retaliation?
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True
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_____ is known as sentences that include a range of years that will be potentially served by the offender.
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Indeterminate Sentences
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_____ is defined as a term describing how humans seem to weigh pleasure and pain outcomes when deciding to engage in criminal behavior.
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Hedonistic Calculus
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_____ is correctional thinking and reform in Pennsylvania that occurred due to the work of William Penn and the Quakers.
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Great Law
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Is elmira Reformatory the first reformatory prison?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as part of the Pennsylvania system located near Philadelphia.
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Eastern State Penitentiary
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_____ is defined as an approach to crime that increased the use of longer sentences, the death penalty, and intensive supervision probation.
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Crime Control Model
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_____ is consist of fixed periods of incarceration with no later flexibility in the term that is served.
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Determinate Sentences
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Is corrections a process whereby practitioners engage in organized security and treatment functions to correct criminal tendencies among the offender population?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as utilized inmate labor through state-negotiated contracts with private manufacturers.
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Contract Labor System
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_____ is defined as the earliest known written code of punishment.
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Code of Hammurabi
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_____ is emphasized that punishments must be useful, purposeful, and reasonable.
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Classical Criminology
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Is brutalization Hypothesis the contention that the use of harsh punishments sensitizes people to violence and teaches them to use it?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as usually on thumb with a letter denoting the offense.
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Branding
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_____ is defined as separate laws were required for slaves and free men who turned criminal.
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Black Codes
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_____ is typically large stone structures with brick walls, guard towers, and checkpoints throughout the facility.
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Big House Prisons
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Is banishment exile from society?
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True
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_____ is known as an alternative prison system located in New York.
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Auburn System
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Inmate classification is central to which model or system?
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Medical model
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What major event put an abrupt halt to the transporting of convicts to the American colonies?
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American Revolution
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All of the following were features of the Auburn System except ______.
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Double cells
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Mental breakdowns were one issue associated with the Pennsylvania system.
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Correct Answer:
True
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What was the purpose of William Penn’s Great Laws?
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Correct Answer:
Increase the use of hard labor
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What is special about the Walnut Street Jail?
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It was the first attempt at reforming inmates in the United States.
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Crimes against religion, treason, witchcraft, incest, and violations of hunting rules were considered private wrongs.
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Correct Answer:
False
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All of the following are policies associated with the “get tough” era except ______.
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Indeterminate sentences
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Research indicates that over half of state offenders have been convicted of ______, while over half of federal offenders have been convicted of ______.
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Violent offenses; drug offenses
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Most Western states found it more economical and easier to contract with other states and the federal government to take custody of their inmates.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Sing Sing Prison, located in Connecticut, was the first official prison in the United States.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Martinson Report?
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Participation in rehabilitative programs was largely unrelated to recidivism.
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All of the following are accurate statements about chain gangs except ______.
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The overseers of the chain gangs were well compensated.
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Which of the following hypothetical findings would be evidence of the brutalization hypothesis?
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Correct Answer:
States with tougher criminal sentencing experience higher violent crime rates.
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There is little variation in the size of prison population from state to state.
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Correct Answer:
False
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