Role of Theories, Research and Biases in Thinking MCQ
Role of Theories, Research and Biases in Thinking MCQ
1. Science should involve both tradition and innovation.
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Correct Answer:
True
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2. Hasty generalization is also known as stereotyping.
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Correct Answer:
True
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3. The _______ is the frequency with which an event occurs in the population.
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Correct Answer:
Base rate
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4. Superstitions are an example of the correlation does not equal causation problem.
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Correct Answer:
True
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5. If we flip a coin and get heads, we’re more likely to get tails the next time we flip the same coin.
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Correct Answer:
False
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6. What is the term for something that sounds like science but has no scientific support or evidence?
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Correct Answer:
Pseudoscientific thinking
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7. Observations lead to theories; theories can’t affect what we see or hear.
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Correct Answer:
False
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8. When social media sites use an algorithm to post ads that agree with individual’s political views, they are supporting the confirmation bias.
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Correct Answer:
True
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9. Which heuristic was studied by asking: in words with three or more letters in English text, does the letter K appear more frequently in the first or third position?
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Correct Answer:
Availability heuristic
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10. The availability heuristic suggests that we make decision to some extent based on how easy it is for us to think of examples from that domain.
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Correct Answer:
True
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11. One of the problems with the _______ is that we may not know the characteristics of the whole population when we think the sample doesn’t look random.
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Correct Answer:
Representativeness heuristic
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12. In terms of sample, the _________ measures the extent to which an array of events or objects or people reflects the characteristics of its parent population.
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Correct Answer:
Representativeness heuristic
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13. Our tendency to categorize information leads us to exaggerate differences across dimensions.
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Correct Answer:
False
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14. A theory is a proposed explanation for the relationship between variables that must be teste
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Correct Answer:
True
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15. Which of the following is a harmful way we humans think?
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Correct Answer:
Heuristics
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16. When the magnitude of a physical stimulus is increased/decreased by a constant ratio, people’s reactions to it also increase/decrease by equal increments is called Weber fechner law
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Correct Answer:
True
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17. “A theory accepted as correct, that has no significant rivals in accounting for the facts within its domain” is known as
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Correct Answer:
Law
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18. A body of interrelated principles and hypotheses that explain or predict a group of phenomena and have been largely verified by facts or data” is known as
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Correct Answer:
Theory.
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19. Social desirability is responding to experimental stimuli and/or scales in a way that presents the respondent in a _______ light
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Correct Answer:
Positive
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20. After an event has occurred, we have the tendency to claim that it could have been easily _______ is called hindsight bias
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Correct Answer:
Predicted
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21. Paradigm is an overarching approach to a field of inquiry that frames the questions to be asked and how research is conducted
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Correct Answer:
True
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22. When we do not seek to disprove hypotheses, only to confirm them is called problem solving inadequacy
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Correct Answer:
True
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23. Project in which researchers are trying to reproduce the findings of 100 experimental and correlational articles in psychology is known as non reproducibility Project
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Correct Answer:
False
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24. Online platform for ________ is known as qualtrics
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Correct Answer:
Survey research
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25. Trusting authorities without examining the ______ is called overreliance on authorities
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Correct Answer:
Evidence
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26. Reasoning from the premises to a conclusion that is not warranted is called
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Correct Answer:
Faulty induction
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27. Hasty generalization is _______ before evidence warrants, or faulty induction
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Correct Answer:
Reaching decisions
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28. Representativeness is one of the heuristics talked about by Kahneman and Tversky (1972) in which we make decisions based on how representative or characteristic of a particular pattern of events data
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Correct Answer:
True
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29. Thinking that an event is less likely to occur if it has just occurred or that it is likely to occur if it hasn’t occurred for some time iis known as coincidence
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Correct Answer:
True
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30. Thinking that an event is less likely to occur if it has just occurred or that it is likely to occur if it hasn’t occurred for some time iis known as coincidence
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Correct Answer:
True
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31. Confirmation bias is a tendency to look for information that confirms our ________
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Correct Answer:
Hypotheses
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32. Wason selection task is a logic problem in which you have to determine which of four two-sided cards need to be turned over to evaluate the stated hypothesis
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Correct Answer:
True
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33. Presenting orders of the treatment to control for the influence of extraneous variables in an experiment is called
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Correct Answer:
Counterbalancing
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34. One of the heuristics talked about by Kahneman and Tversky (1972) in which we use examples that easily come to mind is called
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Correct Answer:
Availability
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35. Mental representation of a category that can be a role, an object, or an event (e.g., parent, table, or going to the dentist, respectively) is known as schema
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Correct Answer:
True
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36. A testable proposition based on theory, stating an expected empirical outcome resulting from specific observable conditions” is known as
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Correct Answer:
Hypotheses
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37. Mental shortcuts (e.g., estimations and commonsense) that often guide thinking and problem solving is called heuristics
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Correct Answer:
True
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Research (Planning, Conducting, And Reporting) MCQs | Topic-wise
