1. When your best friend takes part in your study and tries to answer the way she things you want her to, she is demonstrating a subject role.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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2. Which threat to internal validity occurs when participants are selected based on extreme scores?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Statistical Regression
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3. If you make your test too easy, you run the risk of which of the following?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ceiling effect
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4. What is the term for the life-likeness of a research finding?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ecological validity
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5. Which of the following is NOT a threat to internal validity?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Power
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6. Most social science research uses an alpha level of .05.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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7. A ________ is the examination of variables in a natural setting without manipulation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Field study
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8. A Bonferroni adjustment is used to address potential problems with Type II errors.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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9. Which design would you choose if the effects of one condition are unlikely to influence the effects of another condition?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Between-Subjects design
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10. In a Within Subjects Design, participants are exposed to more than one level of the treatment.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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11. Random assignment means that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected to participate in your study.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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12. Which of the following is NOT true of an experiment?
Answer
Correct Answer:
It is always preferred to correlational research.
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13. Which type of design is NOT used in exploratory research?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Experiment
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14. A type I error is also known as a false negative.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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15. External validity measures the extent to which your design can evaluate your hypotheses.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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16. Series of questions, typically a standardized instrument, that assesses responses to one or more topic is called survey
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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17. Survey Research is approach to research in which the variables of interest (typically thoughts, feelings, and attitudes) are assessed through a survey
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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18. Synthetic environment that combine the control of the laboratory with the naturalism of the field; often use immersive approaches is called Virtual Environments
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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19. Research that takes place in natural settings and manipulates variables, unlike a field study is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Field experiment
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20. Examination of variables in natural settings without the manipulation of variables is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Field study
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21. Research conducted in a highly controlled environment, typically with random assignment to condition, to enable the researcher to make _____ statements is known as laboratory research
Answer
Correct Answer:
Causal statement
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22. Validity in which the emphasis is on the degree of representativeness of the research to the events and characteristics of real life is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ecological validity
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23. Clustering of scores on a measure at the low end of the possible scale values; typically linked to the difficulty of the assessment is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Floor effect
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24. Outcome in which scores cluster at the top of the maximum value; creates difficulty in evaluating group differences is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ceiling effect
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25. Manipulation check is a questions posed in research, typically at the end, to assess whether the participants were aware of the level of the independent variable to which they were assigned
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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26. Pilot test used small number of participants to test aspects of the research and receive feedback on measures and/or manipulations
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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27. Confederates is someone who participates in a research project but is actually assisting the experimenter
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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28. Situation where there is commission as part of the research, either in the informed consent or in the research procedures themselves, misrepresents the research is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Active Deception
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29. __________ is a form of deception that occurs through omission, rather than through commission; typically involves less than full explanation of the purposes of the research
Answer
Correct Answer:
Passive Deception
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30. _______ is explanation about the purpose of research that hides the true nature of the study; used to reduce demand characteristics
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cover story
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31. Attitude of a participant who wants to undermine the research is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Negative attitude
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32. Attitude of participant who is concerned about performance evaluation is called Defensive or Apprehensive Attitude
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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33. Attitude of research participant who tries to help the _____ is called Cooperative Attitude
Answer
Correct Answer:
Researcher
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34. Role Attitude Cues participants approach research with a particular attitude, such as cooperativeness; may affect _______
Answer
Correct Answer:
Results
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35. Research design in which both the participant and the researcher are unaware of the condition to which the participant has been assigned is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Double-Blind Experiment
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36. Research design in which participants are unaware of the conditions to which they have been assigned is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Single-Blind Experiment
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37. Cues available to participants in a study that may enable them to determine the _______ is called Demand Characteristics
Answer
Correct Answer:
Purpose of study
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38. Threats to _______ in which with quasi-experimental designs with multiple groups, some preexisting aspect of the groups might be confounded with the variable of interest is known as Selection–Maturation Interaction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internal validity
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39. Threats to _______ in which people drop out of studies in a nonequivalent manner (e.g., more older adults than younger adults drop out of the intervention than out of the control group) is known as Experimental Mortality
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internal validity
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40. When preexisting characteristics of participants may affect scores on the _________ is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dependent variable
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41. One of Campbell and Stanley’s (1963) threats to internal validity when participants are selected on the basis of extreme scores (e.g., high or low intelligence) and their scores move toward the mean on subsequent testing is called Statistical Regression
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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42. Operational definitions is describing a _______ in terms of the processes used to measure or quantify it
Answer
Correct Answer:
Variable
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43. Instrumentation is one of Campbell and Stanley’s (1963) threats to internal validity in which changes in equipment affect judgments/ measurements that are made
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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44. Solomon Four Group Design is Pretest, posttest research design involving four conditions; takes into account the possible effect of sensitization in responding to the pretest measures
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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45. Solomon Four Group Design is Pretest, posttest research design involving four conditions; takes into account the possible effect of sensitization in responding to the pretest measures
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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46. Threats to _______ involving multiple testing situations in which the first affects how participants respond to subsequent tests
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internal validity
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47. Threats to _____ validity in which capacities of the participants may change as a result of fatigue, illness, age, or hunger that affect the intervention is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internal validity
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48. One of Campbell and Stanley’s (1963) threats to internal validity in which something happens between experimental treatments to influence the results is known as history
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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49. Threats to _____ validity are factors that undermine the ability of your research to ascertain the influence of an independent variable (IV) on a dependent variable (DV)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internal validity
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50. Threats to _____ validity are factors that undermine the ability of your research to ascertain the influence of an independent variable (IV) on a dependent variable (DV)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internal validity
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51. Threats to _____ validity are factors that undermine the ability of your research to ascertain the influence of an independent variable (IV) on a dependent variable (DV)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internal validity
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52. Threats to _____ validity are factors that undermine the ability of your research to ascertain the influence of an independent variable (IV) on a dependent variable (DV)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internal validity
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53. Alternative hypothesis is hypothesis you have stated will be true if the null hypothesis is rejected
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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54. Probability of rejecting Ho (the null hypothesis), assuming Ho is false called as power
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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55. When the critical region for significance is limited to one tail of the distribution (more lenient than two-tailed tests) is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
One tailed significance test
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56. When the critical region for significance is spread across both tails of the distribution is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two tailed significance test
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57. Bonferroni Adjustment is adjustment for Type I error by dividing the alpha level (.05) by the number of statistical tests performed to create a new more stringent ______level
Answer
Correct Answer:
Alpha
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58. ______________ (IV) that is naturally occurring (e.g., race and gender) and as a consequence is not assigned at random is known as quasi - IV
Answer
Correct Answer:
Independent variable
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59. ______________ (IV) that is naturally occurring (e.g., race and gender) and as a consequence is not assigned at random is known as quasi - IV
Answer
Correct Answer:
Independent variable
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60. ______________ (IV) that is naturally occurring (e.g., race and gender) and as a consequence is not assigned at random is known as quasi - IV
Answer
Correct Answer:
Independent variable
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61. _______ is variable that reflects the impact of the manipulated or independent variable in research
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dependent variable
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62. _______ is variable that is manipulated in an experiment
Answer
Correct Answer:
Independent variable
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63. Type of experimental design in which participants are exposed to all of the conditions is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Within Subjects design
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64. Research in which the conditions of an experiment are distributed across participants such that each participant is in only one condition is between subject design
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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65. When participants are randomly assigned to the conditions of the study is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Random assignment
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66. Research approach in which one or more variables are manipulated and subjects are randomly assigned to condition is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
True experimental approach
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67. When the research design enables you to test cause-and-effect relationships is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Causal research
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68. _______ research is a research where no variables are manipulated
Answer
Correct Answer:
Correlational research
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69. Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Type ll error
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70. Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false is known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Type ll error
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71. Incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Type l error
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72. Research approach that resembles experimental research but is based on the use of preexisting groups [quasi-independent variables (IVs) is known as quasi experimental design
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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73. Research approach with manipulated variables and random assignment is called experimental design
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Research (Planning, Conducting, And Reporting) MCQs | Topic-wise
