1. Privacy protection in the united states is ________ in europe.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Much less stringent
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2. In customer service, relationships with customers are built on ____ the characteristics of others
Answer
Correct Answer:
Accepting
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3. The desired features or characteristics required to meet a consumer's needs are his or her _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evaluative criteria
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4. The day reconstruction method requires a respondent to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Keep a diary of everything he or she did during the day
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5. ________ is the first element in the traditional communications model.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Source
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6. At any given time, molly's spending will be ________ by her ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Limited; budget
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7. Based on the red flags rule, entities are considered creditors if they __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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8. A tattoo removal is a painful and painstaking process that typically requires ____ treatments.
Answer
Correct Answer:
6 to 10
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9. Expectations are the cognitive component of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anticipation
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10. To understand a consumer's behavior, we must know about the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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11. The two major types of rules that consumers use when selecting products are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Compensatory and noncompensatory
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12. According to product categorization, vehicles can be placed under the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Superordinate
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13. A culture high in _____ is uncomfortable with things that are ambiguous or unknown.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Uncertainty avoidance
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14. ________ derives from the knowledge that a consumer possesses about a content area.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Expert power
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15. _____ refers to using numbers to represent quantities the same way across cultures.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metric equivalence
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16. _____ provides a consumer with the deepest comprehension and greatest chance of accurate recall.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Personal elaboration
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17. _____ is the total accumulation of prior learning experiences.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Memory
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18. _____ can be thought of as negative results of consumption.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Costs
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19. Consumers buying products online have dramatically affected the ____ variable of the marketing mix.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Distribution
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20. Visually apparent and easily recognizable attributes of a product are known as _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Perceptual
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21. The overall goodness or badness of a service provided is referred to as _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Quality
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22. Most religion-oriented marketing activity in america can be traced to the ________ community.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Born-again Christian
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23. When negative wom spreads on a relatively large scale, it can result in _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Negative public publicity
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24. The first step in the basic consumption process is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Need realization
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25. Goals can be considered positive or negative. this is an expression of a goal's ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Valence
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26. A person who receives rewards and status because of his hard work is said to have ________ status.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Achieved
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27. A metagoal refers to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The general nature of the outcome being sought
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28. _____ are cognitive reactions related to fairness or justice.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Spatial perceptions
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29. Disgust in consumers is most likely to evoke a(n) _____ response.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Avoidance
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30. _____ is a personality trait that represents how sensitive a consumer is to immediate rewards.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Impulsivity
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31. In general, advertising is more effective when it ________ than when it ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reinforces our existing product preferences; tries to create new product preferences
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32. Researchers primarily see the gift-giving ritual as a type of ________ exchange.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Economic
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33. For employee stock ownership plans to be effective in improving performance, they must ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Be implemented such that employees psychologically experience ownership
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34. An advertiser that surrounds its ads with positive programming _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases the chances that their information is evaluated in a more positive light
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35. The __________ provided by retailers create value for consumers.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Utilities
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36. A reason why consumers conform is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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37. The tangible or physical parts of a product are known as _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Attributes
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38. The average adult in the us watches _____ hours of television each week.
Answer
Correct Answer:
28
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39. ________ is the way people maintain an orderly social life.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Social structure
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40. When coca-cola embeds sexual images in their advertising, they are using ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Subliminal perception
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41. ________ refer(s) to the processes that lead people to behave as they do.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Motivation
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42. Shoppers who care about mall essentials and brand-name merchandise are known as ________ shoppers.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Destination shoppers
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43. A _____is the mental path by which some thought becomes active.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Memory trace
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44. Single households represent _____ percent of american households.
Answer
Correct Answer:
27
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45. When a consumer realizes high value from an exchange with a company, _____ improves.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Relationship quality
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46. Within groups, informal rules of behavior are called ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Norms
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47. The interpersonal influences on consumer behavior include a person?s _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Family
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48. Self-concepts have been categorized into two types, which are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Independent and interdependent
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49. Motivational research relies on ________ of individual consumers.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Depth interviews of
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50. Doubt or anxiety regarding a purchase a consumer has made is known as _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Post purchase dissonance
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51. Dimensions we use to judge the merits of competing options are called ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evaluative criteria
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52. Culture is best described as a society's ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Personality
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53. According to nielsen, product placements on tv work best ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A and B
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54. A(n) _____ is the way an individual wants to feel or be at the present time.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Actual state
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55. Conjoint studies are run to understand how consumers make __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trade-offs.
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56. Unlike b2c sites, some b2b sites ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allow price negotiations
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57. Unfilled needs lead to ________, which spurs learning.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Motivation
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58. Running commercials for sleep medication during the middle of the night is an example of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Advertiming
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59. The nike "swoosh" is an example of a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nonverbal symbol
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60. A goal of physical distribution is to reduce ____ or how long it takes to complete a process.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cycle time
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61. __________ refers to the information a consumer has stored in their memory about a product or service
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cognitive dissonance
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62. Marketing strategies are often designed to influence _______________ and lead to profitable exchanges
Answer
Correct Answer:
Export strategies
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63. Primary reference groups include ________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Office colleagues
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64. For which of the following products would the reference group influence be the strongest?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A best-seller nove
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65. __________ are the groups that individuals look to when forming attitudes and opinions
Answer
Correct Answer:
Religious groups
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66. . The reason that higher prices may not affect consumer buying is _______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Most consumers prefer brand names which have higher prices
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67. __________ are factors that have been shown to affect consumer behavior.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Brand name, quality, newness, and complexity .
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68. ____________ is the definition of reference groups.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Groups of people who have been referred to by someone they know
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69. For the marketing manager, social class offers some insights into consumer behavior and is potentially useful as a ___________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Market research information
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70. The _______________ may lead the buyer to continue, modify, or drop the arrangement that has been entered into by the buyer and seller.
Answer
Correct Answer:
general need description
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71. Blanket contracts are typically part of which of the following stages in the business buying process?
Answer
Correct Answer:
order-routine specification .
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72. Factors such as supplier reputation for repair and servicing capabilities are important criteria for evaluation at which stage in the business buying process?
Answer
Correct Answer:
supplier selection
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73. ________________ is the stage of business buying where an organization decides on and specifies the best technical product characteristics for a needed item.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Product specification
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74. If a buying team is asked by the purchasing department to rank the importance of reliability, durability, price, and other attributes of an item, then the team is going through a business buying process stage called____________
Answer
Correct Answer:
General need description. .
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75. The stage of the business buying process where the buyer describes the characteristics and quantity of the needed item is called ___________
Answer
Correct Answer:
General need description
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76. Considering the major influences on business buyer behavior, as shown in a model in the text, under which influence stage would you expect to find the influences of authority, status, empathy, and persuasiveness?
Answer
Correct Answer:
individual
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77. The decision-making unit of a buying organization is called its _____________ all the individuals and units that participate in the business decision-making process.
Answer
Correct Answer:
buying cente
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78. The “in” suppliers are most likely to get nervous and feel pressure to put their best foot forward in which of the following types of buying situations?
Answer
Correct Answer:
modified re buy
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79. hen a firm buys a product or service for the first time, it is facing a _____________
Answer
Correct Answer:
New task situation. .
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80. In a _______________, the buyer wants to change something about product specifications, prices, terms, or suppliers
Answer
Correct Answer:
modified re buy
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81. In a _______________, the buyer reorders something without any modifications.
Answer
Correct Answer:
straight re buying
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82. The place in the business buying behavior model where interpersonal and individual Influences might interact is called the__________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Response
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83. That business markets have more buyers involved in the purchase decision is evidence of which of the following characteristic differences between business and consumer markets?
Answer
Correct Answer:
the nature of the buying unit
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84. General Motors buys steel because consumers buy cars. If consumer demand for cars drops, so will General Motors’ demand for steel. This is an example of the relationships found in___________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Derived demand
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85. When demand comes (as it does in the business market) from the demand for consumer goods, this form of demand is called___________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Derived demand
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86. The business marketer normally deals with _____________ than the consumer marketer does.
Answer
Correct Answer:
ar fewer but far larger buyers
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87. All of the following are among the primary differences between a business market and a consumer market except ____________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Purchase decisions to satisfy needs
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88. If a company makes products and services for the purpose of reselling or renting them to others at a profit or for use in the production of other products and services, then the company is selling to the__________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Business market
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89. Several characteristics are especially important in influencing an innovation’s rate of adoption. _________ is the degree to which the innovation may be tried on a limited basis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Divisibility
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90. With respect to adopter categories, the ___________________ are skeptical and they adopt an innovation only after a majority of people have tried it.
Answer
Correct Answer:
late majority
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91. With respect to adopter categories, the _______________ are guided by respect, are the opinion leaders in their communities, and adopt new ideas early but carefully.
Answer
Correct Answer:
early adopters
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92. All of the following are part of the adoption process that consumers may go through when considering an innovation EXCEPT:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Process
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93. The _________________ is the mental process through which an individual passes from first hearing about an innovation to final adoption.
Answer
Correct Answer:
adoption process
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94. A company must always guard against dissatisfying customers. On average, a satisfied customer tells 3 people about a good purchase experience. A dissatisfied customer, however, on average gripes to ________ people.
Answer
Correct Answer:
11
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95. Cognitive dissonance occurs in which stage of the buyer decision process model?
Answer
Correct Answer:
post purchase conflict
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96. With respect to post purchase behavior, the larger the gap between expectations and performance:
Answer
Correct Answer:
The greater the customer’s dissatisfaction
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97. Generally, the consumer’s purchase decision will be to buy the most preferred brand, but two factors can come between the purchase intention and the purchase decision. These two factors are best described as being:
Answer
Correct Answer:
The attitude of others and unexpected situational factors. .
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98. How the consumer processes information to arrive at brand choices occurs during which stage of the buyer decision process?
Answer
Correct Answer:
evaluation of alternatives
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99. The consumer can obtain information from any of several sources. If the consumer were to obtain information from handling, examining, or using the product, then the consumer would have obtained the information by using a(n)__________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Experiential source
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100. The consumer can obtain information from any of several sources. If the consumer were to obtain information from handling, examining, or using the product, then the consumer would have obtained the information by using a(n)__________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Experiential source
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101. he stage in the buyer decision process in which the consumer is aroused to search for more information is called____________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Information search
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102. he stage in the buyer decision process in which the consumer is aroused to search for more information is called____________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Information search
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103. The buying process can be triggered by a(n) __________ when one of the person’s normal needs—hunger, thirst, sex—rises to a level high enough to become a drive
Answer
Correct Answer:
internal stimuli .
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104. Which of the following is NOT one of the five stages of the buyer decision process?
Answer
Correct Answer:
brand identification
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105. ___________ puts people into a frame of mind of liking or disliking things, of moving toward or away from them.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An attitude
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106. . If a consumer describes a car as being the “most economical car on the market,” then this descriptor is an ___________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Belief
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107. A ___________ is a strong internal stimulus that calls for action.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Driv
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108. _______________ describes changes in an individual’s behavior arising from experience.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Learning
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109. People can form different perceptions of the same stimulus because of three perceptual processes. These processes are best described as being:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Selective attention, selective distortion, and selective retention. .
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110. __________________ is the process by which people select, organize, and interpret information to form a meaningful picture of the world
Answer
Correct Answer:
Perception
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111. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the highest order of needs are called:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self-actualization needs
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112. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the lowest order of needs are called:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Physiological needs
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113. A good synonym for motive is a(n) _____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
drive
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114. A _____________ is a need that is sufficiently pressing to direct the person to seek satisfaction of the need
Answer
Correct Answer:
Motive
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115. The basic premise of the _____________ is that people’s possessions contribute to and reflect their identities; that is, “we are what we have.”
Answer
Correct Answer:
self-concept .
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116. ______________ is(are) a person’s unique psychological characteristics that lead to relatively consistent and lasting responses to his or her own environment.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Personality
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117. A ______________ is a person’s pattern of living as expressed in his or her activities, interests, and opinions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
lifestyle
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118. The stages through which families might pass as they mature over time is a description of what is called the
Answer
Correct Answer:
Family life cycle.
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119. A(n) ________________ consists of the activities people are expected to perform according to the persons around them.
Answer
Correct Answer:
role
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120. A major reason for the changing traditional purchasing roles for families is that:
Answer
Correct Answer:
More women than ever hold jobs outside the home. .
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121. Even though buying roles in the family change constantly, the ___________ has traditionally been the main purchasing agent for the family
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wife
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122. The __________________ is a person within a reference group who, because of special skills, knowledge, personality, or other characteristics, exerts influence on others.
Answer
Correct Answer:
opinion leader .
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123. Relatively permanent and ordered divisions in a society whose members share similar values, interests, and behaviors are called__________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Social classes
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124. The greatest barrier to effectively marketing to the Asian American market is thought to be ________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Language and cultural traditions. .
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125. A ________________ is a group of people with shared value systems based on common life experiences and situations.
Answer
Correct Answer:
subculture
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126. The cultural shift toward _____________ has resulted in more demand for casual clothing and simpler home furnishings.
Answer
Correct Answer:
informality
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127. Marketers are always trying to spot ____________ in order to discover new products that might be wanted.
Answer
Correct Answer:
cultural shifts
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128. ______________ is the most basic cause of a person’s wants and behaviors.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Culture
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129. Consumer purchases are influenced strongly by cultural, social, personal, and __________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Psychological characteristics. .
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130. According to the stimulus-response model of buyer behavior , the place where consumers process marketing stimuli prior to making purchase decision is called_______________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consumer’s black box.
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131. Understanding consumer buying behavior is not easy. The answers are often locked deep within the consumer’s head. The central question for marketers is:
Answer
Correct Answer:
How do consumers respond to various marketing efforts the company might use?
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132. ___________ is individuals and households who buy goods and services for personal consumption.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The consumer market
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133. _________________ refers to the buying behavior of final consumers.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consumer buyer behavior
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134. In terms of consumption decisions, middle class consumers prefer to _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Buy what is popular
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135. __________ is the single factor that best indicates social class.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Occupation
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136. Different social classes tend to have different attitudinal configurations and _______ that influence the behaviour of individual members.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Values
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137. Many sub cultural barriers are decreasing because of mass communication, mass transit, and ________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The use of new technology
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138. Changes in consumer values have been recognized by many business firms that have expanded their emphasis on ____________ products.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Timesaving, convenience-oriented
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139. Which of the following is the most valuable piece of information for determining the social class of your best friend's parents?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Their occupations
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140. Two of the most important psychological factors that impact consumer decision-making process are product _____________ and product involvement.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Knowledge
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141. _____________ has become increasingly important for developing a marketing strategy in recent years.
Answer
Correct Answer:
. Age groups, such as the teen market, baby boomers, and the mature market
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142. Marketing managers should adapt the marketing mix to ___________________ and constantly monitor value changes and differences in both domestic and global markets
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cultural values
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143. _______________ are based on such things as geographic areas, religions, nationalities, ethnic groups, and age.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Subcultures
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144. In large nations, the population is bound to lose a lot of its homogeneity, and thus _________________ arise.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Subculture
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145. ____________ (is) are transmitted through three basic organizations: the family, religious organizations, and educational institutions; and in today’s society, educational institutions are playing an increasingly greater role in this regard.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cultural values
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146. ___________ develop on the basis of wealth, skills and power.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Social classes.
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147. In terms of consumer behaviour; culture, social class, and reference group influences have been related to purchase and _______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consumption decisions
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148. ________________ is one of the most basic influences on an individual’s needs, wants, and behaviour.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cultu
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149. ________________ emphasize(s) that profitable marketing begins with the discovery and understanding of consumer needs and then develops a marketing mix to satisfy these needs.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The marketing concept
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150. “----------- is the action and decisions process or people who purchase goods and services for personal consumption.”
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consumer behavior
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151. -------------- refers to how an individual perceives a particular message
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consumer interpretation.
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152. ------------- is a branch which deals with the various stages a consumer goes through before purchasing products or services for his end use.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consumer behavior
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153. ---------- is nothing but willingness of consumers to purchase products and services as per their taste, need and of course pocket
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consumer interest
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154. Any individual who purchases goods and services from the market for his/her end-use is called a..................
Answer
Correct Answer:
Customer
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