Introduction To Biology MCQ
Corn-based ethanol production has a number of drawbacks, including ________.
Increased use of fertilizers,
Increased use of pesticides,
Depletion of fresh water,
Substantial inputs of fossil fuel
All
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In the future, physical education and sport professionals must _________________.
Overemphasis on winning and competition
High dropout rate of program participants
Recognizes that change is characteristic of life
Take increased responsibility upon themselves for their students' health and fitness
Answer
Correct Answer:
Take increased responsibility upon themselves for their students' health and fitness
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In periodization, the emphasis shifts from _______ to _______ as the training progresses.
Intensity;volume
Volume;intensity
Aerobic;anaerobic
Anaerobic;aerobic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Volume;intensity
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The latest data on adult participation in physical activity reveals that ____________
50
14%
5%
40%
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An individual interested in fitness and health might enjoy pursuing a career in _______.
Writing prescriptions for drugs
Legal liability and insurance
Adapted physical education
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Adapted physical education
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The terms endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph are all ______, which describe basic body builds.
Phenotypes
Somatotypes
Genotypes
Metatypes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Somatotypes
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Changes in body structure that result from the passage of time are called _______________ aging.
Sociological
Psychological
Biological
Chronological
Answer
Correct Answer:
Biological
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A ______ core stabilizer produces trunk movement as well as trunk stability.
Local
Sacral
Global
Regional
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_____________ is an idealized or obsessive attraction toward another person.
Infatuation
Passion
Intimacy
Commitment
Answer
Correct Answer:
Infatuation
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_____________ is an idealized attraction toward a loved one.
Infatuation
Passion
Intimacy
Commitment
Answer
Correct Answer:
Infatuation
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Obesity is usually defined in terms of a body mass index above the _____ percentile.
95th
94th
96th
98th
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Nonreplicative transposition cannot proceed using this model________?
Why are two outcomes possible?
Significance of the staggered cut
Strand crossover complex
Inverted repeats (where found)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Strand crossover complex
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Mechanically formed sedimentary rocks are those formed from ________.
Granite.
Oxygen.
Pieces of other rocks
Silt
Magma.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pieces of other rocks
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Usually, a river ________ at its source compared to farther downstream.
Flows more slowly
Is wider
Is warmer
Has less phytoplankton
Answer
Correct Answer:
Has less phytoplankton
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In science, theories tend to be ______________________ than hypotheses.
More experimental
More empirical
Less scientific
More speculative
Broader in scope
Answer
Correct Answer:
Broader in scope
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In most developed countries, overall population growth rates ______.
Are high, so the population is growing rapidly
Are near zero, so the population is declining
Are high, so the population size is fairly stable
Are low, so the population is declining
Are near zero, so the population size is fairly stable
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are near zero, so the population size is fairly stable
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In contrast to acclimatization, adaptation involves _______.
Simple cuboidal cells
Simple columnar epithelium
At the ends of bones such as the femur
A change in allele frequency over many generations
Answer
Correct Answer:
A change in allele frequency over many generations
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Indirectly used water, that is, water consumed to produce food and other products, is called ____.
Potable water
Groundwater
Virtual water
Surface runoff
Answer
Correct Answer:
Virtual water
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The corneal lenses of each ommatidium of the compound eye are made of modified ________.
Trachaea
Cuticle
Cortex
Epidermis
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The cell's transmembrane resting potential was created by __________.
Active transport
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Active transport
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The crusts role in _______ allows it to provide the raw materials necessary for life on earth.
The rock cycle
Biogeochemical cycles
Fossil fuel discovery
The water cycle
Answer
Correct Answer:
Biogeochemical cycles
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The chemically coated strip used in blood glucose monitoring is an example of a(n) ____.
Reagent
Standard
Artifact
None of these
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Overharvesting encourages extinction and is most likely to affect ________.
Animals that occupy a broad ecological niche.
Large animals with low intrinsic reproductive rates.
Most organisms that live in the oceans.
Terrestrial organisms more than aquatic organisms.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Large animals with low intrinsic reproductive rates.
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Over time, the populations of most species ______.
Increase rapidly, crash, and never recover
Fluctuate.
Continuously increase
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increase rapidly, crash, and never recover
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Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.
Carbon
DNA + RNA
Neutral
Fructose
Glygogen
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Plants use ______ and _________ wavelengths of light and reflect the _______ wavelength.
Red, blue, green
Gamma Rays
Light-dependent reactions
Photophosphorylation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Red, blue, green
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Plants must always compromise between _____ and _____.
Maximizing photosynthesis minimizing water loss.
Transpiration
Sugar
Acquire minerals from the soil
An increase in the solute concentration of the guard cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Maximizing photosynthesis minimizing water loss.
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Planetwide, a balance of chemicals is maintained by ________.
Cycles
Bacteria
Oxygen
Fixed
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Photosynthesis is a main means of fixing ________ in the ecosystem.
Benthos
Oxygen.
Carbon dioxide
Nekton.
All of the above.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carbon dioxide
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The beta-pleated sheet is characterized by orientation of ______ the molecular axis.
H bonds parallel to
H bonds perpendicular to
Ionic bonds parallel to
Ionic bonds perpendicular to
Peptide bonds perpendicular to
Answer
Correct Answer:
H bonds perpendicular to
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The fact that pandas need for bamboo for food makes them a(n) ________ species.
Specialist.
Organic compounds in the biosphere
Potential or kinetic
Secondary consumers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Specialist.
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The evolutionary link between unicellular and multicellular life was probably __________.
Development of colonial forms where unicellular protists stuck
Mosses
Multicellular green algae
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Development of colonial forms where unicellular protists stuck
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The evolution of vascular tissue allowed plants to colonize _____.
Drier habitats
Gymnosperms
Fungi
Angiosperms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Drier habitats
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The earliest discovered fossils are of ________ dating back to ________ years ago.
Single-celled eukaryotes . . . 4.5 billion
Prokaryotes . . . 3.5 billion
Algae . . . 1 billion
Fish . . . 600 million
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prokaryotes . . . 3.5 billion
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The driving force behind all life cycles in the entire biosphere is ________.
The Sun
Water.
Nitrogen
Hydrogen.
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Instead of scanning fingerprints, the fbi can scan the eye's _____ to confirm people's identity.
Cochlea
Iris
Cone
Meaning
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Incomplete fatty acid oxidation produces __________, which might lead to __________.
Triglycerides; new triglycerides
Ketone bodies; acidosis
Pyruvic acid; acidosis
Glycerol; alkalosis
Acetyl-CoA; acidosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ketone bodies; acidosis
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In asexual reproduction, daughter cells inherit their dna from ____________________.
A single parent
Two separate parents
Multiple offspring
A single offspring
None of the above is correct
Answer
Correct Answer:
A single parent
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In x-linked patterns of inheritance, __________.
Fathers pass X-linked alleles to both their daughters and their sons, and mothers pass X-linked alleles only to their sons
Fathers pass X-linked alleles only to their daughters, and mothers pass X-linked alleles to both their daughters and their sons
Fathers pass X-linked alleles only to their daughters, and mothers pass X-linked alleles only to their daughters
Fathers pass X-linked alleles only to their sons, and mothers pass X-linked alleles only to their daughters
Fathers pass X-linked alleles to both their daughters and their sons, and mothers pass X-linked alleles to both their daughters and their sons
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fathers pass X-linked alleles only to their daughters, and mothers pass X-linked alleles to both their daughters and their sons
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Traditional ideas of relatedness among organisms have been revised mainly based on _________.
Geography
Outward appearance
Advances in molecular technology
Phylogenetic tree
Answer
Correct Answer:
Advances in molecular technology
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Examples of alterations of chromosomal structures include all of the following except __________.
Deletions
Inversions
Aneuploidy
Translocations
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aneuploidy
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Epigenetics refers to a mechanism ____________________________________.
By which our environment affects our genetics
By which parenting affects our environment
By which our genetics affect our enviornment
By which genetic mutation occurs
Answer
Correct Answer:
By which our environment affects our genetics
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Epigenetics means that a trait _____.
Is determined by genes more than the environment
Is determined by genes alone
Is determine by the environment alone
Is determined by genes and the environment
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is determined by genes and the environment
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Enzyme complexes that break down protein are called ____
Lipases
Ubiquitins
Amylase
Proteasomes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Proteasomes
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Enhancers located hundreds of bases upstream of a gene can be brought to the promoter by _________.
Initiation factors
Distal control elements
DNA bending proteins
Trascription factors
Answer
Correct Answer:
DNA bending proteins
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Endoscopic procedures are reported on the ____ place(s) to which the scope is advanced.
Surgical
Numberof
First
Farthest
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Embryonic stem cells differ from adult stem cells because they _____.
Are capable of many cell divisions
Can differentiate into all cell typescan
Both of above
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can differentiate into all cell typescan
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In a physiological system operating with positive feedback, _____.
The range of acceptable values for a given parameter will be narrower than if the system were regulated by negative feedback
A change in a variable will amplify rather than reverse the change
Only an effector and control center are necessary to complete the control system
A stimulus will prevent a small change from becoming too large
Answer
Correct Answer:
A change in a variable will amplify rather than reverse the change
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In 2006, congress ________ to address the issue of solid wastes in oceans.
Passed the Marine Debris Research, Prevention and Reduction Act
Passed the Mangrove Protection Act
First established Marine Protected Areas
Instituted the FAO
Passed the U. Oil Pollution Act
Answer
Correct Answer:
Passed the Marine Debris Research, Prevention and Reduction Act
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If the biosphere is to function properly, its components must be ________.
Replaced from space
Replaced from the ocean
Recycled
Fully used up within biogeochemical cycles
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If genes are described as "sex linked," then they are ________.
Typically on the X chromosome
Typically on the ribosome
Typically on the gene
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Typically on the X chromosome
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Hershey and chase used _____ to radioactively label the t2 phage's proteins.
Tail
DNA
35S
Base plate
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He result of the following cross indicates the orange eyes are _____ black eyes.
Generations
Traits
Recessive too
Alleles
Answer
Correct Answer:
Recessive too
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Having similar ____________ would allow tissues and organs to be transplanted easily.
Cell recognition proteins
Major histocompatibility complex proteins
Carbohydrate chains in the cell membrane
All of the choices are involved in tissue transplantation
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the choices are involved in tissue transplantation
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Gymnosperms were most abundant during the _____.
Paleozoic
Carboniferous
Cenozoic
Mesozoic
Precambrian
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Global temperature trends can be inferred from changes in ________ and ________.
Fossils; chemical isotopes found in sediments and glacial ice
Volcanic eruptions; fossils
Fossils; isotope ratios in glacial ice
Volcanic eruptions; isotope ratios in glacial ice
Fossils; hydrogen and oxygen isotopes found in sediments and glacial ice
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fossils; chemical isotopes found in sediments and glacial ice
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Genomic imprinting in mammals appears to primarily affect genes involved in __________.
Segregation
Homologous pairs
Independent assortment
Embryonic development
Answer
Correct Answer:
Embryonic development
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From its atomic number of 15, it is possible to predict that the phosphorus atom has _____.
5 neutrons, 5 protons, and 5 electrons
15 neutrons and 15 protons
8 electrons in its outermost electron shell
15 protons and 15 electrons
Answer
Correct Answer:
15 protons and 15 electrons
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Compared with a smaller cell, a larger cell of the same shape has _____.
Less surface area
Less surface area per unit of volume
A smaller average distance between its mitochondria and the external source of oxygen
A smaller cytoplasm-to-nucleus ratio
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less surface area per unit of volume
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Cloning experiments with differentiated root cells from carrots revealed that _____.
Controlling the transcription of genes
Proteins around which DNA is coiled
Mutation that causes the proto-oncogene to become overactive
An entire plant can grow from a differentiated cell
Answer
Correct Answer:
An entire plant can grow from a differentiated cell
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Characters are transmitted from parents to offspring. ________ are the units of inheritance.
Genes
Proteins
RNA
DNA
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Cell typespecific transcription is accomplished __________.
By blocking the binding of RNA polymerase II
By specific enhancer control elements shutting down transcription factors for the gene that is not needed
By using a corepressor
By specific enhancer control elements interacting with cell type–specific transcription factors
By specific enhancer control elements that activate splicing of the DNA
Answer
Correct Answer:
By specific enhancer control elements interacting with cell type–specific transcription factors
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At different times in their lives, salmon can be found in all of the following except ______.
The pelagic realm
A chaparral
A freshwater biome
An estuary
Answer
Correct Answer:
A chaparral
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Assimilation is indicated by the letter(s) _____.
Letter A indicates the process of uptake of nitrates by the plants
Letter B marks the transformation of ammonium into nitrites by bacteria
Letter C marks the synthesis of ammonium by the decomposers
Letter D marks the transformation of nitrogen of atmosphere to ammonium by bacteria
Letter E marks the single cell organisms, which take part in the nitrogen cycle and are located in the root nodules.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Letter A indicates the process of uptake of nitrates by the plants
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Animals wrestling is a way of learning called _____.
Social learning
Playing
Wrestling
Both a and b
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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Animals utilizing external fertilization are typically _____.
Insects
Land animals
Aquatic animals
Mammals
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aquatic animals
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An enzyme adds a(n) _______ tag to proteins that are recognized by proteasomes for destruction
Molecule
Ubiquitin
Binding
Modification
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ubiquitin
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Many animals rely on their __________ to alert them about changes in temperature.
Pain receptors
Mechanoreceptors
Photoreceptors
Thermoreceptors.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thermoreceptors.
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Most sediment is formed by ________.
Settling out of fluid
Hydrolysis
Frost wedging
Weathering
Answer
Correct Answer:
Settling out of fluid
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The time interval between speciation events __________.
Vary widely and depend on generation times, causes of speciation, environmental factors, and chance
The tempo of evolution consists of abrupt episodes of speciation among long periods of equilibrium
A region in which members of different species meet and mate, producing at least some offspring of mixed ancestry
Species tend to change rapidly in a short period of time.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vary widely and depend on generation times, causes of speciation, environmental factors, and chance
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C4 plants differ from c3 and cam plants in that c4 plants _____.
Use malic acid to transfer carbon dioxide to the Calvin cycle
Are better adapted to wet conditions
Use PEP carboxylase to fix carbon dioxide
Open their stomata only at night
Transfer fixed carbon dioxide to cells in which the Calvin cycle occurs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transfer fixed carbon dioxide to cells in which the Calvin cycle occurs
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An urban growth boundary (ugb) is intended to ________.
Maintain low housing costs for the average homeowner
Help an area retain its distinctive character
Ensure that businesses do not locate in residential areas
Enforce certain restrictions within neighborhoods
Provide guidelines for city development to separate areas desired to be urban from areas desired to be rural
Answer
Correct Answer:
Provide guidelines for city development to separate areas desired to be urban from areas desired to be rural
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A major feature of the mediterranean diet is liberal intake of ____.
Eggs
Olive oil
Leanmeat
Fortified butter
Answer
Correct Answer:
Olive oil
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A ma has opened and used part of a new multidose vial. the ma should ______ the vial.
Wash and carefully dry the feet protect
Write the current date on
Rotate injection sites daily
Hypoparathyroidism may cause diabete
Answer
Correct Answer:
Write the current date on
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A licensee with an intermediate certificate must complete ________ each training cycle.
Cultural Diversity
Crisis Intervention
Special Investigative Topics
None of the Above
Answer
Correct Answer:
None of the Above
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A karyotype shows the __________ chromosomes sorted and isolated from a cell in __________.
23; interphase
23; metaphase
46; prophase
46; metaphase
46; S phase
Answer
Correct Answer:
46; metaphase
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A fact regarding photosynthesis is that _________.
Water and carbon dioxide are converted to oxygen gas and sugar
Maximum catch without reducing the population of target species
Compensation depth for photosynthesis
Temperate waters, polar waters, tropical waters
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water and carbon dioxide are converted to oxygen gas and sugar
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__________________ isolating mechanisms include hybrid mortality and hybrid infertility.
Postzygotic
Prezygotic
Sympatric
Barrier
Answer
Correct Answer:
Postzygotic
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_________________ produces new species and _________________ takes them away.
Extinction; speciation
Speciation; extinction
Background extinction; mass extinction
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Speciation; extinction
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_________________ is a process for producing knowledge methodically and logically.
Universalism
Science
Relativism
Morality
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The movement of water across biological membranes can best be predicted by _____.
Prevailing weather conditions
Water potentials
Level of active transport
Aquaporins
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water potentials
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One of the generalizations of cell theory is that ____.
All cells have a nucleus
Phospholipids
All living things are made up of cells
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Answer
Correct Answer:
All cells have a nucleus
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Virtually everyone with ________ has a parent who exhibits the same trait.
Phenylketonuria
Freckles
Color-blindness
Sickle-cell disease
A cleft chin
Answer
Correct Answer:
A cleft chin
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Unlike mosses and ferns, pines can thrive in arid regions because _____.
The sporophyte stage is dominant
Pines have extensive xylem and phloem
They have seeds and pollen
They have lignin
Answer
Correct Answer:
They have seeds and pollen
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The tendency of toxins to accumulate in top predators is called biological ________.
Habitat fragmentation
Biological magnification
Integrated pest management
Ecological footprint
Answer
Correct Answer:
Biological magnification
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The motor unit in vertebrate skeletal muscle refers to ________.
One actin binding site and its myosin partner
One sarcomere and all of its actin and myosin filaments
One myofibril and all of its sarcomeres
One motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers on which it has synapses
Answer
Correct Answer:
One motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers on which it has synapses
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The lowest total fertility rates might be found in ________.
Developing countries.
Countries providing opportunities for women's education
Where access to birth
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Countries providing opportunities for women's education
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The heritability for human traits, such as nearsightedness, _____.
Can differ between cultures
Two separate ova that were fertilized by two different sperm
The 23rd pair of chromosomes
A combination of nature and nurture
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can differ between cultures
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The g1 checkpoint of mitosis will be passed if _____________________.
Cell size is adequate
It may phosphorylate and inhibit the activity of mitotic Cdk.
Cells are unable to enter S phase
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cell size is adequate
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The forests in the upper peninsula of michigan from which your text book was made are ________.
Harvested by clear-cutting
Plantation forests of pine and spruce
Being salvage logged after the catastrophic wildfire of 2008 and subsequent pine beetle infestation
Suffering from erosion and heavy pesticide use
Harvested using ecosystem-based management
Answer
Correct Answer:
Harvested by clear-cutting
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The _____ species concept is the most applicable to classifying species from the fossil record.
Ecological
Morphological
Phylogenetic
Biological
Answer
Correct Answer:
Morphological
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The _____ model describes the nongradual evolutionary changes in organisms.
Gradualist
Neutral radiation
Incremental fitness
Punctuated equilibrium
Darwinian
Answer
Correct Answer:
Punctuated equilibrium
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Stromatolite fossils that formed 3.5 billion years ago indicate that _____.
Life originated 3.5 billion years ago
The first organisms were eukaryotes
Life must have arisen quite a bit earlier, perhaps 3.9 billion years ago
The first life-forms were photosynthetic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Life must have arisen quite a bit earlier, perhaps 3.9 billion years ago
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Since viruses are typically 20-200 nm in diameter, the ____ microscope is best for viewing them.
Light
Electron
Fluorescent
Polarizing
Contrasting
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Observations of cancer cells in culture support the hypothesis that cancer cells __________.
Do not exhibit contact inhibition
Produce molecules that inhibit
Phase in the cell cycle would you find the most DNA per cell
A cell contains 40 chromatids at the beginning of mitosis.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Do not exhibit contact inhibition
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Most ________ can now be prevented if people are vaccinated before they become sexually active.
HPV infections.
Transgender
Gender
More; less
Answer
Correct Answer:
HPV infections.
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Mitotic chromosomes are _____ times more compact than a dna molecule in its extended form.
10,000
100,000
1,000
100.
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Metabolic pathways that regenerate their starting point are called _____ pathways.
Linear
Bi-directional
Convergent
Cyclic
Divergent
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Many protists possess a colored eye-spot, better known as a ___________.
Stigma
Chemotaxis
Kinesis
Tumble
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Children often have many of the phenotypes of their parents because _____.
They carry the same combinations of alleles that their parents have
They have the exact same genotypes as their parents
They inherit mutations that make their bodies appear identical to one or both parents
The cells of embryos divide by meiosis, a process that yields genetic duplicates
They inherit half of their genetic material from each parent
Answer
Correct Answer:
They inherit half of their genetic material from each parent
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The unfao has demonstrated that forest loss has slowed but ________.
We still lose forests at the rate of 5.2 million ha/yr
Large islands contain more species than do smaller islands
The refuges are open for hunting, fishing, education, and other public uses
They are desperate for economic development
Answer
Correct Answer:
We still lose forests at the rate of 5.2 million ha/yr
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Amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds in a ____
Polypeptide
Polysaccharide
Phospholipid
Nucleic acid
Starch
Answer
Correct Answer:
Polypeptide
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______ is(are) responsible for more cancers than any other carcinogen.
Asbestos
UV radiation
Tobacco
X-rays
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Hominin fossil footprints that are obviously bipedal date to about ________ years ago.
50,000
12 million
100,000
3.6 million
Answer
Correct Answer:
3.6 million
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Generally speaking, deserts are located in places where air masses are usually _____.
Tropical
Humid
Rising
Descending
Answer
Correct Answer:
Descending
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Compounds that contain carbon as the primary structural atom are called ________ molecules.
Carbonic
Organic
Inorganic
Catabolic
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According to the producers of the genetically modified salmon, the meat _____.
The genetically modified fish are sterile
Looks and tastes the same as unmodified salmon
Adding genetic material from a Pacific salmon and an eel-like fish
Ontaining foreign DNA sequences is inserted into plant-cell chromosomes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Looks and tastes the same as unmodified salmon
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A sequence of three nitrogenous bases can specify the identity of __________.
A specific gene
A specific peptide chain
A single DNA molecule
A single amino acid
Answer
Correct Answer:
A single amino acid
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A property of life known as energy processing refers to the fact that living things _____.
Can reproduce
Obtain energy from their environment and use it to power their own activities and chemical reactions
Can sense stimuli from the environment
Regulate their internal environments
Answer
Correct Answer:
Obtain energy from their environment and use it to power their own activities and chemical reactions
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A period of mass extinction is often followed by ______.
Explosive diversification
Common ancestry
Extreme phenotype
Heterozygous genotype
Answer
Correct Answer:
Explosive diversification
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A nerve impulse moves away from a neuron's cell body along _____.
Dendrites
Nissl bodies
Synapses
Axon
Glia
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A new species can arise in a single generation _____.
Through geographic isolation
In a very large population spread over a large area
If allopatric speciation occurs
If adaptive radiation occurs
If a change in chromosome number creates a reproductive barrier
Answer
Correct Answer:
If a change in chromosome number creates a reproductive barrier
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The entire sequence of dna in a cell used for dna profiling is called the __________.
Either 1 or 2
46; nucleus
TCAGATCG
Genome
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Tiktaalik is an important fossil find because ________.
It has both fish and tetrapod characters
It was found in North America
It has fins with digits
It has ray fins
None of the listed responses is correct.
Answer
Correct Answer:
It has both fish and tetrapod characters
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Water held behind a dam would best reflect ______.
Apotential energy
Kinetic energy
Chemical energy
Heat energy
Mechanical energy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Apotential energy
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Viruses differ from cells because viruses do not, under any circumstances, have __________.
Membranes
Organelles
RNA
DNA
Answer
Correct Answer:
Organelles
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The world health organization regards health as primarily a matter of ________ well-being.
Physical
Mental and physical
Social and mental
Physical, mental, and social
Physical and social
Answer
Correct Answer:
Physical, mental, and social
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The term modern was only associated with improvement in the ______ century.
19th
15th
20th
18th
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Maintaining biodiversity on earth is important because __________.
Many of the current prescriptions dispensed from pharmacies contain substances derived
Colonization of a newly formed volcanic island
Forested areas that are logged and allowed to regrow
Regrowth on prairies after a wildfire started by a lightning strike
Answer
Correct Answer:
Many of the current prescriptions dispensed from pharmacies contain substances derived
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Lysosomes are derived from __________ and function in __________.
The Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum
Microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
The clarity of the image in showing two objects as separate
Ribosomes : Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells do have ribosomes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum
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When you look at a pine or maple tree, the plant you see is a _____. see concept 30.1 (page 635)
Gymnosperms
Diploid sporophyte
Female gametophyte
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid sporophyte
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When jumping into water you notice resistance. this resistance is caused by water's __________.
Adhesiveness
Cohesiveness
Hydrophobic tension
Hydrophilic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cohesiveness
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Tolerance limits are _______ that limit a species' survival.
Just temperature ranges
Any environmental conditions
Population sizes
Narrow salinity levels
Undesirable toxin concentrations
Answer
Correct Answer:
Any environmental conditions
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The website flowers.org is most likely a ____.
Nonprofit
Commercial organization
Government website
Network service provider.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nonprofit
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The shark rectal gland _____.
Secretes a hypotonic solution
Concentrates electrolytes necessary for homeostasis in a hypertonic environment
Is involved in osmoregulation
Is responsible for excretion of undigested residue
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is involved in osmoregulation
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The rising average global temperature is having the greatest effect on the __________.
Northernmost regions of the Northern Hemisphere and the Antarctic Peninsula
The amount of greenhouse gas emitted as a result of your actions
Pelagic realm
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Northernmost regions of the Northern Hemisphere and the Antarctic Peninsula
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The program reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (redd) ________.
Gives wealthy nations carbon-offsets if they pay poorer nations to
Conifer forests in the west and pine plantations in the south
Species whose habitats depends on mature trees in the top canopy layer will be excluded
Has rigorous standards to certify that forest products are produced sustainably on
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gives wealthy nations carbon-offsets if they pay poorer nations to
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The production of smog from no gas requires ________.
CFCs
Chlorine
Oxygen
Water
Nitrogen
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The process of methylation can do all of the following to genetic instructions except _____.
Remove them.
Transcribe them.
Alter them.
Connect them
Answer
Correct Answer:
Remove them.
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The primary reason phytoplankton are "concerned" about buoyancy is that they _________.
Cannot photosynthesize below the photic zone
Highly productive waters
Phytoplankton
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cannot photosynthesize below the photic zone
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The primary active ingredient in _____ is capsaicin.
ibuprofen
Pain-relieving creams
Acetaminophen
Antipyretic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pain-relieving creams
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The polarity of a dna strand refers to the fact that ______.
-the two ends of the strand have the same chemical groups
-DNA lacks a hydroxyl group (OH) at one position of the ribose sugar
-the two ends of the strand have different chemical groups
-only A and T and G and C base pairs form
Answer
Correct Answer:
-the two ends of the strand have different chemical groups
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The partial charges in this water molecule occur because of _____.
The unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen.
Have charges and partial charges to which water molecules can adhere
One of the atoms sharing electrons is much more electronegative
Has shared electrons pulled closer to the more electronegative atom
Answer
Correct Answer:
The unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen.
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The order ___________ has the ability to regenerate disarticulated limbs during the next molt.
Phasmatodea
Hydrostatic
Pterostigma
Hypognathous
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phasmatodea
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The neanderthal dna discovered in homo sapiens is best explained by ____.
Radial symmetry
A lamprey
Gene flow
Paraphyletic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gene flow
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The most sophisticated use of sound by marine mammals is found in the _________.
Manatees
Sperm whales
Baleen whales
Toothed whales
Answer
Correct Answer:
Toothed whales
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The most serious problem caused by population growth is ________.
Increasing demand for resources
Is not a problem if new resources can be found to replace depleted ones
35 years
Stage 2, the transitional stage
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increasing demand for resources
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The most important aspect of a hypothesis is that it must be a ________ idea.
Complicated.
Relevant
Testable.
Believable.
Logical.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Testable.
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The most common liquid on planet earth is __________.
Ionic bonds
Temperature
Hydrogen bonds
Water
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The major function of the medicinal compounds in plants is to _____.
Defend the plant against herbivores.
Been covered with tall forests in swamps that became today's coal
They can easily lose water to, and absorb water from, the atmosphere.
Waxy cuticle to decrease evaporation from leaves
Answer
Correct Answer:
Defend the plant against herbivores.
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The largest demand in the global ecological footprint is caused by our _____.
Energy needs.
Ecological footprint.
Global hectares (gha)
Biodiversity
Answer
Correct Answer:
Energy needs.
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The information stored in the dna sequences is used directly as a template to make ___________.
Lipids.
RNA
Polypeptides.
Carbohydrates.
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The hypothesis that an impact killed the dinosaurs seems ________.
Well supported by geological evidence.
The geological record does not extend back to the time that life originated
The extinction of older anaerobic life as oxygen builds up in the atmosphere
Oxygen allows more energetic cellular metabolism.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Well supported by geological evidence.
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The high latitude north atlantic is a major co2 oceanic sink because of __________.
Surface water sinking to the bottom.
Sea-surface temperature
Seawater salinity
Consumers, producers, and decomposers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Surface water sinking to the bottom.
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The genome sequence of an organism can provide information about the organism's __________.
Genes, function, and evolutionary history.
Primers or nucleotides that will be incorporated into newly synthesized DNA
A start codon and a ribosomal binding site (RBS)
It is the nucleotide most commonly found at a particular location
Answer
Correct Answer:
Genes, function, and evolutionary history.
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The gene responsible for the condition known as sickle-cell anemia demonstrates ________.
Incomplete dominance
A dominant genetic disorder
A sex-linked genetic disorder
A recessive genetic disorder
Answer
Correct Answer:
Incomplete dominance
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The gene responsible for lactose persistence among adults in europe is a _______ gene.
Regulatory gene.
Presence of a recessive allele
Prokaryotes first appeared
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Regulatory gene.
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The following molecule is best described as a ______.
Protein.
Lipid.
Carbohydrate.
Hydrocarbon
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrocarbon
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The fluid with the highest osmolarity is _____.
Distilled water.
Plasma in birds.
Plasma in mammals.
Seawater in a tidal pool.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Seawater in a tidal pool.
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The _____ is the person's appearance, behavior, and brain and body functions.
Phenotype
Allele
Genotype
Gamete
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phenotype
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Territoriality is an important form of _________ for many animal species.
Symbiotic behavior
Interspecific competition
Intraspecific competition
Commensalism
Resource partitioning
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intraspecific competition
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Sympatric speciation typically occurs by all of the following mechanisms except __________.
A geographic barrier splitting a population
Gene pool changes establish reproductive barriers between two populations.
Individuals from the different populations sometimes mate with each other, but all of the resulting eggs are sterile.
Species tend to change rapidly in a short period of time.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A geographic barrier splitting a population
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Sleeping is an effect of __________, but agitation may cause a person to wake up.
Stimulants
Vitamins
Depressants
Illegal drugs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stimulants
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Simple diffusion is best described as substances __________.
Moving passively against a concentration gradient
Moving passively down a concentration gradient
Moving actively down a concentration gradient
Moving actively against a concentration gradient
Answer
Correct Answer:
Moving passively against a concentration gradient
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Scavengers living in the coral reef _______.
Control tubeworm populations
Clean up algae and decayed matter
Maintain fish populations
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clean up algae and decayed matter
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River water held behind a dam is best described as a form of ________.
Kinetic energy
Chemical energy
Potential energy
Entropy
Thermodynamics
Answer
Correct Answer:
Potential energy
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Researchers performing __________ insert a weak electric current into the brain to stimulate it.
Lesioning
ESB
EEG
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lesioning
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Researchers have used yeast mating systems as model systems to study _____.
Signal transduction systems
The promoter associated with the target gene
CDNA; mRNA
Lack of development of the larynx and thymus
Answer
Correct Answer:
Signal transduction systems
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Research confirms that neanderthal dna makes up about ____ of the modern human genome.
4%
5%
6%
7%
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One of the most severe consequences of habitat degradation is the _____ of a population.
Biological magnification
Fragmentation
Sustainable development
Increased genetic diversity
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fragmentation
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Older fossils usually __________.
Are found in sediments formed during the Cenozoic era
Have the longest half-lives
Are found above younger fossils
Are found in the deepest strata
Contain more radioactive isotopes than younger fossils
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are found in the deepest strata
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Of the following, ____ is considered the most invasive.
Network behavioral targeting.
US-CERT
Network usage policy
Pirate
Answer
Correct Answer:
Network behavioral targeting.
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Odometer is to an old, rusty car as __________ is to __________.
One of two chromosomes of the same length and type inherited from a father or mother
Telomere, a cell after 50 cell divisions
The two strands of a double-stranded DNA molecule unzip, and a new DNA strand is produced opposite each of these two separated strands.
The process by which pieces of homologous chromosomes are exchanged.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Telomere, a cell after 50 cell divisions
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Ocean water is 96.5% water by mass. most of the remainder consists of __________.
Ions from dissolved salts.
Continental shelf
The temperature drops
Ions from dissolved salts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ions from dissolved salts.
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Mycorrhizae are to the roots of vascular plants as endophytes are to vascular plants' _____.
Leaf mesophyll.
Stem apical meristems.
Root apical
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Leaf mesophyll.
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More than half of all known species are ______.
Insects
The scientific
Hypotheses
Produce their own food
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Monomers for the synthesis of dna are called _____.
Amino acids.
Fatty acids.
Monosaccharides.
Disaccharides.
Nucleotides.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleotides.
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Microbial ________ studies the diversity of microorganisms and links their phylogeny with ________.
Systematics / taxonomy.
Taxonomy / genotype.
Phylogeny / phenotype.
Taxonomy / phenotype.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Systematics / taxonomy.
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Meiosis in males yields ________ gamete(s); in females, meiosis yields ________ gamete(s)
4; 1
Urethra
Cortex
Follicle
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Many proteins fold spontaneously because _____.
The above statement is false; proteins cannot fold spontaneously
The bonds that form secondary and tertiary structure are energetically favorable
The folded protein has higher entropy (more disorder)
Only the correctly folded protein is functional
Answer
Correct Answer:
The bonds that form secondary and tertiary structure are energetically favorable
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Many plant cells have a single, large _________ __________ that is filled with fluid.
Central vacuole
Active transport
Cell membran
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Central vacuole
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Mangrove trees are found along ________________ shorelines.
Tropical Freshwater
Tropical Saltwater
Temperate Freshwater
Temperate Saltwater
Tropical and Temperate Saltwater
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tropical Saltwater
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Malfunctioning erythrocytes are broken down, resulting in _____.
Formation of bilirubin.
Iron excreting into the small intestine.
Their heme groups are converted into amino acids.
Removal from the blood by the lungs.
Their components not able to be recycled.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Formation of bilirubin.
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Mad cow disease serves as an example of how interdependent ________ and ________ are to protein.
Is liquid at room temperature
Structure ... function
Most animal fats are saturated and many hydrogenated vegetable margarines contain high levels of trans fats.
The overall 3D structure
Answer
Correct Answer:
Structure ... function
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Livestock waste from concentrated farms can lead to a type of water pollution called _______.
Eutrophication.
Weed
Integrated pest management
Teratogens
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eutrophication.
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Some researchers restrict the possibility of self-aware consciousness to species that ____.
Unity and positive emotion
Exhibit complex social behavior
Demonstrate cognitive complexity
Show strong individualism
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exhibit complex social behavior
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_______ belong to a group of bipedal saurischian dinosaurs.
Snakes
Lizards
Crocodiles
Birds
Geckos
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Homeostasis is to ____ as allostasis is to ____.
Constant; variable
Proteins
Its own temperature
None of this
Answer
Correct Answer:
Constant; variable
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Indeterminate cleavage is a process that produces embryonic cells that __________.
Evolution of the Hox gene complex provided developmental flexibility.
Proteins that play key roles in how animal cells attach to one another
Developmental fate of each embryonic cell is determined very early.
Retain the capacity to develop into a complete embryo.
Mesoderm and endoderm; a cavity that is completely surrounded by mesoderm
Answer
Correct Answer:
Retain the capacity to develop into a complete embryo.
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Basal chordates are animals called the ________.
Cephalochordates
Urochordates
Petromyzontida
Myxini
Actinopterigi
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cephalochordates
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Artificial wetlands ________.
Can help purify water and also provide recreational opportunities
Purify water for use as bottled drinking water
Are the major program for replacing lost natural wetlands
Are created using xeriscaping methods
Are a source of arsenic contamination in Banglades
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can help purify water and also provide recreational opportunities
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The process whereby messenger rna is made from a dna template is ____.
Expression
Sequencing
Transcription
Ribosome assembly
Translation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transcription
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The morphological species concept distinguishes species by __________.
Body shape and other structural features
A geographic barrier splitting a population
Ecological niche
Common ancestry
Answer
Correct Answer:
Body shape and other structural features
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The euphotic zone in the open ocean extends from the surface down to approximately ________.
One kilometer
50 meters
100 meters
20 meters
Answer
Correct Answer:
100 meters
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A patient with an injured amygdala might be unable to __________.
Experience fear
Regulate breathing
Regulate body temperature
Inhibit inappropriate movements
Answer
Correct Answer:
Experience fear
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Hindrance stressors have a _____ relationship with organizational commitment.
Moderate positive
Strong-negative
Weak-negative
None of this
Answer
Correct Answer:
Strong-negative
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Deindividuation is related to mobs in the same way that _______ is related to groups.
Diffusion of responsibility
Attitude
Persuasion
Social prejudice
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Boolean values can be displayed as the words true and false with the ________ format specifier
System.out.printf(
Break statement
%b
Int
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Crying is the overflowing of tears from the _____.
Lacrimal canals
Meniere's disease
Choroid
None of this
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lacrimal canals
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An undersupply of the major inhibitory neurotransmitter known as ________ is linked to seizures.
Glutamate
GABA
Serotonin
ACh
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Church officials expected monks to sing _______.
Proper pronunciation and tone quality
The accompaniment of organs and other instruments.
Proper attention to the wishes of the bishop.
The members of the congregation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Proper pronunciation and tone quality
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Madagascar's age-structure diagram ________.
Lower TFR (total fertility rate)
Biocontrol measures, crop rotation, and habitat diversification
Reflects a population with a high growth rate
Erosion, over-irrigation, and overgrazing
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reflects a population with a high growth rate
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Studies of learned helplessness use the ______ procedure.
Reward training
Escape training
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
Answer
Correct Answer:
Escape training
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Pavlov regarded ____ as evidence that extinction involves the ____ of a response.
Dishabituation; inhibition
Dishabituation; unlearning
Spontaneous recovery; unlearning
Spontaneous recovery; inhibition
Answer
Correct Answer:
Spontaneous recovery; inhibition
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Capillary beds have precapillary ____________ at the junction of capillaries and the metarteriole.
Sphincters
Reduces
Diverted
None of this
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sphincters
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Brain scans of people viewing erotic material reveal a more active ________ in men than in women.
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
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A(n) __________ involves magnetic fields, radio waves, and computerized enhancement.
FMRI
MRI
PET
Both A and B
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Loss of orexin-containing neurons in the hypothalamus may contribute to ____.
Sleep spindles
Sleep
Melatonin
Narcolepsy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Narcolepsy
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Generally speaking, bonds issued in the u.s. pay interest on a(n) _____ basis.
Monthly
Annually
Yield to maturity
Semi-annual
Answer
Correct Answer:
Semi-annual
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Hemorrhage triggers all of these responses except __________.
An increase in urine production
Increase in venous return.
Extensive vasodilation.
Arise in sympathetic activity
Answer
Correct Answer:
An increase in urine production
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Derived amniote characteristics include all of the following except ___________.
Embryonic membranes
Ectothermy
Dorsal, solid nerve cord
Pharyngeal slits or clefts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Embryonic membranes
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The aponeurosis of the external oblique forms the ________ at its inferior margin.
Linea alba
Rectus sheath
Linea semilunaris
Medial retinaculum
Inguinal ligament
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inguinal ligament
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Each of these is a basic type of a touch screen, except ________.
Reflective
Bits
Input
Hard
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reflective
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A(n) ________ fault has little or no vertical movements of the two blocks.
Strike Slip
The crust is shortened and thickened
Normal faults
All of this
Answer
Correct Answer:
Strike Slip
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The f1 generation differed from the f2 in mendel's experiments in that __________.
If the plant were allowed to self-pollinate, all of the progeny would have the dominant trait
All of the F1 showed the dominant phenotype, but only three-quarters of the F2 did
A lethal dominant allele that afflicts an individual later in life
Encodes a defective chloride-channel membrane transport protein
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the F1 showed the dominant phenotype, but only three-quarters of the F2 did
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Cells taken from henrietta lacks have been used for experiments leading to _____.
The development of a polio vaccine
Tests of the effects of atomic radiation on life
New treatments for cancer
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
New treatments for cancer
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More than _____ percent of individuals develop a specific phobia in their lifetimes.
10
14
9
11
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Doms is ______________ the development of fiber hypertrophy.
Essential for
Counteractive to
Independent of
Optional for
Answer
Correct Answer:
Essential for
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A mutualistic relationship between plants and fungi can be determined experimentally by _____.
Plant and animal diversity would decrease due to reduced amounts of available carbon and nitrogen.
An increase in labeled carbon in fungi
Fungi benefit by receiving carbon from the plant, while the plant receives phosphorus and nitrogen from the fungi.
AMF provide key nutrients to tree, grass, and shrub roots in exchange for sugar
Answer
Correct Answer:
An increase in labeled carbon in fungi
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In eukaryotes, activator proteins bind to _____; generalized transcription factors bind to _____.
Enhancers; promoters
Dna polymerases; rna polymerases
Left to right
5'-gucagcau-3'.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Enhancers; promoters
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A person's status is a lifelong condition determined by birth in __________.
Outside the criminal justice system
Caste system
Estate stratification system
The culture of poverty
Answer
Correct Answer:
Caste system
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In the 1800s, the two most prominent inhalants were ______ and _______.
Hexane; acetone
Acetone; nitrous oxide
Hexane; ether
Nitrous oxide; ether
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nitrous oxide; ether
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When nad+ reacts with hydrogen and gains two electrons, nad+ is _____.
Dehydrogenated
Oxidized
Living cells
Reduced
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When firing a handgun hold it _______ from the body
Nine inches
One foot
Eighteen inches
At arm's length
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nine inches
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Vasa vasorum __________.
Are small vessels within the tunica externa of large arteries and veins
Are composed of wide, leaky capillaries, and occur in bone marrow and the spleen
Is a rare genetic disorder in which systemic veins actually carry blood away from the heart
Are a convincing sign of atherosclerosis and venous disease of the lower limb
Provide oxygen and nutrients to the innermost region of large vessels
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are small vessels within the tunica externa of large arteries and veins
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The tendency of water molecules to attract one another due to polarity is called _____.
Ionic bond
Hyrdogen bonding
Covelant bond
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hyrdogen bonding
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The older fossils are typically found in the ________ sediments
Upper
Higher
The Same
Lower
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The difference in height between successive high and low tides is called the tidal _____.
Cycle
Fetch
Pull
Range
Fall
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Light is _____ energy, which is converted by plants into molecules, which possess _____ energy.
Kinetic ... chemical
Chemical energy into kinetic energy.
Cells couple energy-releasing reactions to energy-requiring reactions
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Kinetic ... chemical
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In 2011, more than 85% of the ________ grown in the united states was transgenic.
Both ecori and bamhi
Corn, cotton, and soybeans
Corn, apples, and potatoes
Corn, rice, and beans
Answer
Correct Answer:
Corn, cotton, and soybeans
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In ____________ , signals pass through a cell junction from one cell to adjacent cells.
Direct intracellular signaling
Replacing the GDP with GTP.
Endocrine signaling
Cell surface receptors
Answer
Correct Answer:
Direct intracellular signaling
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If you stand on tiptoes to reach something high, you are performing __________ at the ankle.
THE KNEE
Plantar flexion
Flexing
Extend
Flexion
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Clathrin-coated vesicles and copi-coated vesicles are similar in that they _____.
Can carry the contents of vesicles to endosomes
ER
The glycolate pathway is found in plants, not animals
All of this
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can carry the contents of vesicles to endosomes
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_____ occurs when offspring arise as a contiguous outgrowth of the parent.
Budding
Oogamy
Cytokinesis
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_____ demands that marketers actively contribute to the needs of the broader community.
Ambush marketing
Green marketing
Social responsibility
Observation research
Answer
Correct Answer:
Social responsibility
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Hugo munsterberg was known as ____.
Input-output structure
Contemporary
The father of industrial psychology
Early behaviorism, human relations movement, behavioral science
Learning organization
Answer
Correct Answer:
The father of industrial psychology
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_____ are the oldest known primate group.
Prosimians
Anthropoids
Hominids
Monkeys.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prosimians
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The endangered species act aims to help protect species that ______.
Have long lives
Have suffered significant habitat destruction
Are in danger of extinction
Are economically valuable
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are in danger of extinction
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The bond between the active site on actin and the myosin head is broken when an __________.
ATP molecule binds to the myosin head
ATP molecule binds to the actin molecule
ATP molecule breaks down on the myosin head
ATP molecule breaks down on the actin molecule
ADP molecule and a phosphate molecule bind to the myosin head
Answer
Correct Answer:
ATP molecule binds to the myosin head
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Choose the pair of terms that completes this sentence: hydroxyl is to _____ as _____ is to amine.
Aldehyde ... ketone
Ketone ... amino
Carbonyl ... carboxyl
Alcohol ... amino
Answer
Correct Answer:
Alcohol ... amino
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A polysaccharide that we use for storing energy in our muscles and livers is _____.
Glycogen
A nucleic acid
Lipids
Starch
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During ____, microtubules fasten the cells chromosomes to the spindle poles.
Telophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Metaphase II
Anaphase II
Answer
Correct Answer:
Telophase I
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Because the bacterial cells dna is not surrounded by a nuclear envelope, __________ occur(s).
Signal peptide; signal-recognition particle
Eukaryotic promoter; transcription factors; RNA polymerase II
Hydrogen bonds
Coupled transcription and translation
Nutritional mutants; biochemical pathway
Answer
Correct Answer:
Coupled transcription and translation
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Concerning the biosphere, the geographic viewpoint is most often concerned with ________.
Supply of light
Distributions and relationships
Taxonomy
Specific plants
Answer
Correct Answer:
Distributions and relationships
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The process of obtaining food is known as _____ and requires specialized mouthparts.
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Excretion
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ingestion
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The major abiotic reservoir for phosphorus is ______.
The oceans
The atmosphere
Rock
Dead organic matter
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The monarch butterfly uses ___________________ as a defense for reducing predation.
Warning coloration
Alarm calling
Quills
Camouflage
Escape
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warning coloration
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The greatest planetary pool of nitrogen is ________.
The atmosphere
The hydrosphere
The lithosphere
The biosphere in fossil fuel deposits
Answer
Correct Answer:
The atmosphere
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The fins used by fishes primarily for maneuvering are _________.
Caudal and pelvic
Caudal and pectoral
Dorsal and anal
Pectoral and pelvic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pectoral and pelvic
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The fact that plants can be cloned from somatic cells demonstrates that _____.
Differentiated cells retain all the genes of the zygote
Genes are lost during differentiation
The differentiated state is normally very unstable
Differentiation does not occur in plants
Answer
Correct Answer:
Differentiated cells retain all the genes of the zygote
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The dnas produced in a dna sequencing reaction are analyzed on the basis of their ______.
Positive charge
Size or length
Length of time needed for cloning
Shape
Answer
Correct Answer:
Size or length
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The discriminating power of mtdna is ________ the discriminating power of str analysis.
Greater than
The same as
Less than
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less than
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Pedalfer soils would most likely be found _____.
In the eastern half of the United States
In the dry areas of the western United States
In a tropical rain forest
On an island close to the equator
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the eastern half of the United States
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Congresss watchdog over executive branch spending is __________.
The General Accountability Office (GAO)
Implementing congressional statutes
Cabinet departments
None of this
Answer
Correct Answer:
The General Accountability Office (GAO)
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Antennae accompany reaction centers, promoting _____.
Food chain
Energy transfer
Storage
Energy pyramid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Energy transfer
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A(n) ________ is another way in which a food chain can be conceptualized.
Food web
Food pyramid
Energy pyramid
Food chain
Answer
Correct Answer:
Food pyramid
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A normal cell that sustains irreparable dna damage will most likely __________.
Interphase (G2-M)
Interphase
Anaphase
Die by apoptosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Die by apoptosis
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Erik eriksons stages of psychosocial development represent _____ adulthood stages.
Three
Two
Four
Five
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The amount of _____ is fairly constant throughout the cell cycle, but the amount of _____ varies.
Cyclins/DNA
Cyclins/cyclin-dependent kinases
Cyclin-dependent kinase/DNA
DNA/cyclins
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cyclin-dependent kinase/DNA
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A condition often referred to as being double-jointed is an example of __________.
Hypermobility
Hypomobility
Hydromobility
Hypnomobility
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hypermobility
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Harlequin shrimp _______.
Control starfish populations
Clean parasites from select fish species
Control tubeworm populations
Hide within coral using their special camouflage.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Control starfish populations
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The bohr shift on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve is produced by changes in _____.
Temperature
The partial pressure of carbon monoxide
Hemoglobin concentration
The partial pressure of oxygen
Ph
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The body fluids of an osmoconformer would be ________ with its ________ environment
Hyperosmotic; freshwater
Isotonic; freshwater
Hyperosmotic; saltwater
Isoosmotic; saltwater
Hypoosmotic; saltwater
Answer
Correct Answer:
Isoosmotic; saltwater
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The absorptive epithelia in the gut are considered "polarized" because _____.
Its cells are separated from each other by an extracellular matrix
The structures on the apical surface are different than those on the basal surface
Relatively few cells and a large amount of extracellular matrix
The release of chemical signals by the cell sending the message
Answer
Correct Answer:
The structures on the apical surface are different than those on the basal surface
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The ____ complex moves ahead of rna polymerase and removes h2a/h2b from nucleosomes.
SIR2
FACT
HDAC
Histone Code
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In the heart, an action potential originates in the __________.
Atrioventricular bundle
Sinoatrial node
Atrioventricular node
Bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sinoatrial node
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In sexually reproducing multicellular organisms, the main functions of mitosis are _____.
Growth and developmenttissue repair/replacement of damaged cells.
Can produce great variation among the offspring
Produces offspring genetically identical to the parent
Division of the cell outside the nuclear material
Answer
Correct Answer:
Growth and developmenttissue repair/replacement of damaged cells.
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Filtration is a ________________ process that depends on a ___________________ gradient.
Passive; pressure
Basolateral
Excretion
Concentration of urine
Answer
Correct Answer:
Passive; pressure
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Biogeochemical cycles are crucial to ecosystem function because _____.
They keep the planet warm enough for living things to survive
Nutrients and other life-sustaining molecules are in limited supply and must be continually recycled
Energy flows through ecosystems in one direction only and is eventually dissipated as heat
They remove poisons and keep them locked up in
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nutrients and other life-sustaining molecules are in limited supply and must be continually recycled
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Aggregations of lymphocytes in the connective tissues of mucus membranes are called __________.
Lymphatic tissues
Red blood cells, carbon dioxide gas into carbonic acid lymph nodes
Number of bronchial mucosa cells
Mucus production
Lymphocytes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lymphatic tissues
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According to the fossil record, plants colonized terrestrial habitats _____.
In conjunction with insects that pollinated them.
In conjunction with fungi that helped provide them with nutrients from the soil.
To escape abundant herbivores in the oceans.
Only about 150 million years ago.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In conjunction with fungi that helped provide them with nutrients from the soil.
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A taxon that includes a single common ancestor and all its descendants is a _____ group.
Paraphyletic
Polyphyletic
Monophyletic.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Monophyletic.
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A suprathreshold stimulus results in _______.
More action potentials
Neurotransmitter.
Hyperpolarized
Initial segment
Answer
Correct Answer:
More action potentials
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The subunit (organelle) of the sperm that supplies the energy for motion is _____.
ATP
The mitochondria
The flagellum
The nucleus
Answer
Correct Answer:
The flagellum
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The major problem with rfid has been _______.
Expense
Bluetooth
Footprint
Cell phones
Telemetry
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A taxon __________.
Is a formal grouping at any given level
Is a formal grouping in any level from phylum to species
Is a clade
Is a species
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is a formal grouping at any given level
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The maintenance of the proper ph of the body fluids may be the result of ________.
Control of the acids produced in the stomach
The active secretion of OH- into the filtrate by the kidney tubule cells
The control of respiratory ventilation
The operation of the various buffer systems in the stomach
Answer
Correct Answer:
The control of respiratory ventilation
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Flounder is a type of fish that looks like the seafloor. this is an example of __________.
Cryptic coloration.
An endoparasite
An ectoparasite
A predator
Character displacement
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cryptic coloration.
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A benign and a malignant tumor differ in that _____.
This brings the chromosomes into alignment so that crossing over can create new combinations of genes present on a single chromosome.
Cells of a benign tumor remain within the tumor, whereas cells of a malignant tumor can spread to other body tissues
Can produce great variation among the offspring
Are identical in the arrangement of their genes, but some versions of the genes may differ between the chromosomes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cells of a benign tumor remain within the tumor, whereas cells of a malignant tumor can spread to other body tissues
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A glycerol with three fatty acids attached is referred to as a ______.
Denaturation
Fat
Dehydration synthesis
Disaccharide
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A comparison of bat wings, porpoise flippers, and human arms shows that __________.
They evolved from a common ancestor
Gametic incompatibility
Human populations
All opatric
Answer
Correct Answer:
They evolved from a common ancestor
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Earth probably formed _____ years ago, and the first life evolved as early as _____ years ago.
3.9 million years ago ... 2.0 billion years ago
10 billion years ago ... 4.5 billion years ago
4.5 billion years ago ... 3.9 billion years ago
6,000 years ago ... 6,000 years ago
Humans observed neither event, so there is no way to tell.
Answer
Correct Answer:
4.5 billion years ago ... 3.9 billion years ago
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A plant may open and close its stomata to prevent excess water loss and maintain _____.
Negative feedback
Adaptability
A system level
Homeostasis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Homeostasis
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For most atoms, a stable configuration of electrons is attained when the atom __________.
Has as many protons as neutrons
Has moved all its electrons to its outermost shell
Achieves a zero net charge
Has eight electrons in its outermost shell
None of the listed responses is correct.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Has eight electrons in its outermost shell
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A blow to the head may cause diabetes insipidus by ______.
Entering the nucleus of a cell and initiating or altering gene expression
Fasting
Interfering with the normal transmission of ADH to the posterior pituitary via the axons of hypothalamic neurons
Positive feedback by GH (growth hormone) on the anterior pituitary
Answer
Correct Answer:
Interfering with the normal transmission of ADH to the posterior pituitary via the axons of hypothalamic neurons
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When frying an egg, the protein albumin denatures and maintains only its ________ structure.
Quaternary
Primary
Tertiary
Secondary
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The tp53 gene of chromosome 17 codes for a protein _____.
Transposons may promote unequal crossing over during meiosis.
Involved in the regulation of the cell cycle
It produces redundant copies of existing genes, which are then free to mutate and adopt new functions.
Most eukaryotes have larger genomes than most prokaryotes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Involved in the regulation of the cell cycle
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The similarity of the embryos of fish, frogs, birds, and humans is evidence of ________.
Gymnosperms and angiosperms
Common ancestry (homology)
Before eukaryotes appeared
Sponges lack true tissues.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Common ancestry (homology)
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The primary difference between enhancers and promoter-proximal elements is that enhancers _____.
A Enhancers are transcription factors, promoter
Control of frequency of translation initiation
Alternative forms of RNA splicing
Alternative forms of chromatin remodeling
Answer
Correct Answer:
A Enhancers are transcription factors, promoter
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The ia and ib alleles of the abo blood group gene i exhibit ____.
Codominance
Complete dominance with the IA allele being dominant
Incomplete dominance
Complete dominance with the IB allele being dominant
Answer
Correct Answer:
Codominance
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The medium of dan flavin's 1996 untitled installation is ________.
Three things that a chair could be
Marcel Duchamp's concept of readymades
Fluorescent light tubes
The ideas behind the artwork over its realization
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fluorescent light tubes
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The reason for the decline of the greater prairie chicken in illinois was _________.
A decrease in fertility due to lack of genetic diversity in the population
By using well-preserved bone marrow from the thigh of a frozen mammoth
Increased vegetative productivity
The release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere
Answer
Correct Answer:
A decrease in fertility due to lack of genetic diversity in the population
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Basophils, platelets, and _____ are all capable of secreting histamines.
Vasodilate
Diapedesis
Eosinophils
Mast cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mast cells
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The elongation of the leading strand during dna synthesis __________.
Depends on the action of DNA polymerase
Progresses away from the replication fork.
Occurs in the 3ʹ → 5ʹ direction.
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Depends on the action of DNA polymerase
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Tissue culture experiments with pdgf demonstrate that without this substance __________.
Animal cells are unable to attach to the substratum
The various kinases, such as mpf, are unable to bind to cyclin
Bacterial cells lose their resistance to antibiotics
Fibroblasts fail to divide
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fibroblasts fail to divide
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The velocity of blood flow is the lowest in capillaries because _____.
The capillaries have internal valves that slow the flow of blood
The diastolic blood pressure is too low to deliver blood to the capillaries at a high flow rate
The systemic capillaries are supplied by the left ventricle, which has a lower cardiac output than the right ventricle
The total cross-sectional area of the capillaries is greater than the total cross-sectional area of the arteries or any other part of the circulatory system
Answer
Correct Answer:
The total cross-sectional area of the capillaries is greater than the total cross-sectional area of the arteries or any other part of the circulatory system
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With an acute asthma attack, ________________ increased when compared to normal values.
FVC
ERV
RV
TV
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Long, saturated fatty acid tails _____ lipid mobility and _____ membrane fluidity.
Reduce; decrease
Enhance; increase
Maintain; decrease
Enhance; maintain
Reduce; increase
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reduce; decrease
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Xerophytes minimize water loss by _____.
Sugar
Higher stomatal density
Using the CAM pathway
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Using the CAM pathway
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While vegetative cells are metabolically _____, cells in the spore form are metabolically _____.
Malachite green
Colorless, green
Sporogenesis
Active, inactive
Answer
Correct Answer:
Active, inactive
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The kinetochores are __________.
Microtubules
Kinetochore
Mitotic Spindle
Chromatin
Answer
Correct Answer:
Kinetochore
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Fish have mechanoreceptors along the sides of their body called _____.
Fish
A lateral line system
Blood vessels and organs
Chemoreceptors
Exocrine
Answer
Correct Answer:
A lateral line system
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Both invertebrates and vertebrates, with the exception of the _____, have a nervous system.
Bronchi
Open
Axon
Sponge
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After receiving a stimulus, the _____ send(s) signals to the appropriate area of the body.
Negative feedback
Signal pathways
Integrating center
Homeostasis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Integrating center
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_____ use biology in their work.
Dentists
Dietitians
Zoologists
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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A relatively long cecum is characteristic of animals that are_____.
Carnivores
Herbivores
Autotrophs
Omnivores
Answer
Correct Answer:
Herbivores
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Water moves up a plant because of hydrogen bonds by a process called __________.
Nonpolar covalent bonding
High specific heat
Cohesion and adhesion
Surface tension
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cohesion and adhesion
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Variation among pre-cells was due to ______.
Bacteria.
Mutation.
Flatworms.
Population.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mutation.
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The hydrostatic skeleton of the earthworm allows it to move around in its environment by _____.
Walking on its limbs
Swimming with its setae
Using peristaltic contractions of its circular and longitudinal muscles
Alternating contractions and relaxations of its flagella
Answer
Correct Answer:
Using peristaltic contractions of its circular and longitudinal muscles
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The function of the circulatory system's pulmonary circuit is to _____.
Carry carbon dioxide to the lungs and pick up oxygen from the lungs.
Lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells
Eosinophils and monocytes
Multipotent stem cells and lymphocytes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carry carbon dioxide to the lungs and pick up oxygen from the lungs.
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The difference between geographic isolation and habitat differentiation (isolation) is the _____.
Successful interbreeding
Relative locations of two populations as speciation occurs.
Fail to develop and hatch
Sympatric speciation, polyploidy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Relative locations of two populations as speciation occurs.
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Sexual and asexual reproduction are alike in that __________.
They can both occur in multicellular organisms.
Meiosis...fertilization
Mitosis, meiosis, and fertilization
At fertilization, when gametes fuse
Answer
Correct Answer:
They can both occur in multicellular organisms.
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Retaining the zygote on the living gametophyte of land plants _____.
Evolved concurrently with pollen.
Allows it to be nourished by the parent plant.
Male and female reproductive structures are located on separate plants.
They can easily lose water to, and absorb water from, the atmosphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allows it to be nourished by the parent plant.
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Relative dating uses ______ to estimate how old a fossil is.
Depth within rock layers
Divide the history of the Earth into eons and eras
They can no longer mate and exchange mutated genes.
Scientists can estimate when the organism lived.
Vestigial structures.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Depth within rock layers
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Primary production by photosynthetic protists is considered "primary" because _____.
They include some but not all descendants of their most recent common ancestor.
People can get paralytic shellfish poisoning during dinoflagellate blooms.
Their offspring may be more adaptable to changes in the environment.
These protists produce chemical energy by fixing CO2
Answer
Correct Answer:
These protists produce chemical energy by fixing CO2
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Flatworms (platyhelminthes) are ________ and typically have ________.
They have cell walls made of chitin.
A rasping organ called the radula
Bilaterally symmetrical larvae and adults.
Bilaterally symmetrical; a gastrovascular cavity with one opening
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bilaterally symmetrical; a gastrovascular cavity with one opening
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An increase in biodiversity generally causes _______.
A decrease in ecosystem stability
Random fluctuations in ecosystem stability
An increase in ecosystem stability
No change to ecosystem stability
Answer
Correct Answer:
An increase in ecosystem stability
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All of the organisms classified as _____ move and feed using cilia.
Diplomonads
Apicomplexans
Dinoflagellates
Ciliates
Diatoms
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A protein kinase activating many other protein kinases is an example of _____.
Amplification.
Deactivation
Sensitization
Mutualism
A cellular response
Answer
Correct Answer:
Amplification.
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A mutation that causes resistance in a population of beetles is an example of _______.
Macroevolution
Microevolution
Migration
Reproduction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Microevolution
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Chemical groups are significant because __________.
Cv2Hv4
Carbon
A carbon atom can complete its valence shell by forming four covalent bonds 9 of 20 Term
They contribute to the molecular shape of a molecule and its unique properties.
Answer
Correct Answer:
They contribute to the molecular shape of a molecule and its unique properties.
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Mutant tetraploid plants _____.
Are unable to interbreed with a diploid plant
Nondisjunction Meiosis 2
Diploid cell
Turner Syndrome
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are unable to interbreed with a diploid plant
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In mitotic metaphase, a cell with eight sister chromatids has _______ centromeres.
No
One
Two
Four
Eight.
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Fungi release digestive enzymes into their _____.
Surroundings
Gastrovascular cavity.
Stomach
Hyphae.
Mycelia.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Surroundings
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During replication, the original "parent" dna _____.
Serves as the template for the creation of two complete sets of DNA.
Lysogenic cycle
The virus works by
Lytic cycle
Answer
Correct Answer:
Serves as the template for the creation of two complete sets of DNA.
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Tectonic plates are pieces of the ________ that float on the more fluid ________ below.
Lithosphere; asthenosphere
Asthenosphere; lithosphere
Mantle; crust
Lithosphere; mesosphere
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lithosphere; asthenosphere
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The atmosphere of early earth probably contained no o2 until the emergence of organisms that _____.
Were oxygen respiring
Were chemoautotrophic
Used hydrogen sulfide as an energy source
Used water as an electron source for photosynthesis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Used water as an electron source for photosynthesis
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Water flows into the source end of a sieve tube because _____.
Sucrose has been actively transported into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic.
Water pressure outside the sieve tube forces in water.
The companion cell of a sieve tube actively pumps in water.
Sucrose has been dumped from the sieve tube by active transport.
Sucrose has diffused into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sucrose has been actively transported into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic.
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The first gap in the cell cycle (g1) corresponds to _____.
Little change is visible.
Normal growth and cell function.
The phase in which DNA is being replicated
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Normal growth and cell function.
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The figure above shows the structures of glucose and fructose. these two molecules are _____.
B
C
A
A
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The countercurrent arrangement of blood vessels is an adaptation that allows the goose to ________.
Conserve heat in its core when the goose is swimming in cold water
Generate heat using shivering thermogenesis
Minimize heat exchange between the feet and water
More effectively cool off in the summer
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conserve heat in its core when the goose is swimming in cold water
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The branch of biology that is important in controlling overharvesting is _________.
Molecular biology
Biodiversity hot spot
Amphibians
Conservation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Molecular biology
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The brain of an alzheimer's victim displays plaques, which are _____, and tangles, which are _____.
Twisted threads of a protein called tau; clumps of a protein called beta-amyloid
Presenilin 1; presenilin 2
Clumps of a protein called beta-amyloid; twisted threads made of a protein called tau
Amyloid precursor protein; presenilin
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clumps of a protein called beta-amyloid; twisted threads made of a protein called tau
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The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue.
15 percent
25 percent
68 percent
97 percent
35 percent
Answer
Correct Answer:
97 percent
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The "information receiving" section of a neuron is its _____.
Dendrites
Cell body
Receptors
Myelinated neurons
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dendrites
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The _______ chromosomes in a human cell from inside the cheek are found in the _______.
46; nucleus
22; nucleus
24; cytoplasm
46; cytoplasm
23; nucleu
Answer
Correct Answer:
46; nucleus
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Testosterone functions inside a cell by _____.
Acting as a signal receptor that activates tyrosine kinases
Binding with a receptor protein that enters the nucleus and activates specific genes
Acting as a steroid signal receptor that activates ion channel proteins
Coordinating a phosphorylation cascade that increases spermatogenesis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Binding with a receptor protein that enters the nucleus and activates specific genes
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Sponges have a _____ that squeezes out waste.
Hemoplyph
Contractile vacuole
Phagocytosis
Malphagian tublules
Answer
Correct Answer:
Contractile vacuole
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Evidence of the endosymbiotic theory was found in the _____
Self-replicate by binary fission, which is the way prokaryotes divide
Synthesize proteins like prokaryotes hydrophytes
Plants with habitats that are neither too wet nor too dry xerophytes
Self-replicate by binary fission, which is the way prokaryotes divide
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self-replicate by binary fission, which is the way prokaryotes divide
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Erythrocytes, neurons, skeletal cells, and columnar cells are examples of _____ cells.
Plant
Bacterial
Immunity
Specialized
Answer
Correct Answer:
Specialized
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Energy in organisms is called _____.
Metabolism
Homeostasis
Organelles
Cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metabolism
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As a composer, william grant still ______.
Was best known as a composer of hit songs
Wrote film scores, concert works, operas, and band arrangements
Was best known for his ragtime pieces
Restricted his works to symphonies and orchestral compositions
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wrote film scores, concert works, operas, and band arrangements
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Antibodies have complementary surface markers that work with _______ like a lock and key.
Histamines.
Antigens.
T cells.
Cytokines.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antigens.
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An unexpected freeze that kills a population of chipmunks is an example of ______.
Biological control
A density-independent factor
J
10 trees per square kilometer
Answer
Correct Answer:
A density-independent factor
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An example of maintaining homeostasis at the system level would be _____.
Living things must maintain homeostasis.
Breathing faster while jogging
Integrating center
Adding wood to a burning fire to increase the heat
Answer
Correct Answer:
Breathing faster while jogging
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Along with sensory receptors, _____ transport information to the integrating center.
Negative feedback
Integrating center
Signal pathways
Homeostasis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Signal pathways
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All chordates studied to date, except tunicates, share a set of _____.
13 Hox genes.
5 Dlx genes.
9 Otx genes.
7 FOXP2 genes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
13 Hox genes.
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Action potentials move along axons _____.
More rapidly in myelinated than in non-myelinated axons.
Equilibrium potential
Entry of calcium into the axon terminal
Thick, myelinated neurons
Answer
Correct Answer:
More rapidly in myelinated than in non-myelinated axons.
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A(n) ______ is an example of an invertebrate chordate.
Lancelet
Loose connective tissue
Notochord
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A phage that inserts itself into the host dna is called __________.
Lysogenic.
A bud.
Semipermeable
A bacteriophage.
A capsomere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lysogenic.
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A newborn who is accidentally given a drug that destroys the thymus would most likely _____.
Lack innate immunity.
Be unable to genetically rearrange.
Be unable to differentiate and mature T cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Be unable to differentiate and mature T cells.
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"there are 628 squirrels living on campus." i have just described the ________.
Evolution
Population
Translation
Trans fat
Answer
Correct Answer:
Population
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____________ have hazard communication duties.
Using vaccines to prevent infection.
Uti from a catheter
Manufacturers, employers, and employees
Standard precautions
Answer
Correct Answer:
Manufacturers, employers, and employees
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_______ are the items of food handling most likely to be vulnerable to hazards.
Training Goals
Inspection Pointy
Safety Standards
Critical Control Points
Answer
Correct Answer:
Critical Control Points
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______ were the first plants that did not require water for transferring sperm to eggs.
Bryophytes
Gymnosperms
Ferns
Angiosperms.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gymnosperms
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_____ occurs when the response serves to counteract the stimulus.
Negative feedback
Positive feedback
Signal pathways
Integrating center
Answer
Correct Answer:
Negative feedback
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A __________ is a chordate but not a vertebrate.
Lancelet
Chordata
Amphibians
Homo habilis
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Blast is a computational tool used by genome biologists to _____.
Compare a given DNA or protein sequence to all other DNA or protein sequences in a database
Most eukaryotes have larger genomes than most prokaryotes.
To identify homologues in model organisms for genes involved in human disease, to identify genes that are important for evolution of a particular species, to study how genomes evolve, to study genetic variation within a species or a population
To map all the human genes and determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human genome
Answer
Correct Answer:
Compare a given DNA or protein sequence to all other DNA or protein sequences in a database
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A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between _____.
Side chains
Unsaturated fat
3 of 9 and 1 of 10
Removal of h2o
Answer
Correct Answer:
3 of 9 and 1 of 10
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Organic molecules that end in the suffix "-ase" often function as ________ molecules.
Enzymatic.
Chloroplasts
Ribosomal
Polysaccharides
Answer
Correct Answer:
Enzymatic.
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Restriction enzymes help defend bacteria against viral infections by __________.
The presence or absence of metabolic machinery
RNA information is copied into DNA
Cutting viral DNA once it has entered the cell
Both produce protein coats via translation of mRNA.
None of the listed responses is correct.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cutting viral DNA once it has entered the cell
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The secretion of aldosterone is directly stimulated by _______.
Angiotensin I
Angiotensin II
Renin
A change in body fluid osmolarity.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiotensin II
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Circulatory systems compensate for _____.
Temperature differences between the lungs and the active tissue
The slow rate at which diffusion occurs over large distances
The problem of communication systems involving only the nervous system
The need to cushion animals from trauma
Answer
Correct Answer:
The slow rate at which diffusion occurs over large distances
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In an ideal, unlimited environment, a population's growth follows a(n) ______ model.
Exponential
A density independent factor
S
J
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exponential
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Green algae differ from land plants in that many green algae _____.
Are unicellular.
Have plastids
Have alternation of generations
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are unicellular.
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Biologically important chemical groups include all of the following except __________.
Water (H2O).
Cis - trans isomers
Both -COOH and -NH2
Methyl group (-CH3)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water (H2O).
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When needed resources are unevenly distributed, organisms often show a(n) _____ dispersion pattern.
Density-dependent.
Clumped.
Exponential.
Random
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Whatever its ultimate cause(s), the cambrian explosion is a prime example of _____.
Mass extinction.
Evolutionary stasis.
Adaptive radiation
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Adaptive radiation
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The vegetal pole of a frog zygote differs from the animal pole in that _____.
The vegetal pole has a higher concentration of yolk.
The blastomeres originate only in the vegetal pole.
The posterior end of the embryo forms at the vegetal pole.
The vegetal pole cells undergo mitosis but not cytokinesis.
The polar bodies bud from this region.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The vegetal pole has a higher concentration of yolk.
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The term mixotroph indicates that a protist __________.
Combines photosynthesis and heterotrophic nutrition
Morphological studies of the cytoskeleton.
Pseudopodia, Cilia, Flagella, Undulating membrane.
Frequently changing their surface proteins.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Combines photosynthesis and heterotrophic nutrition
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The primates that spend the most time walking upright are the _____.
Prosimians ( Prosimian fossils date back to the end of the dinosaurs.)
Hominids ( Humans are hominids.)
Homo sapien ( Humans are classified as Homo sapiens.)
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hominids ( Humans are hominids.)
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The number of genes correlates with _____.
The size of the genome in prokaryotes.
Sequences Related to Transpo Elements
Comparing Developmental Processes
Comparing Genomes Within a Species
Answer
Correct Answer:
The size of the genome in prokaryotes.
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The instructions for making amino acids are on about 3 billion pairs of chemicals called _____.
Stem
Polymorphic
Allele
Base
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The inability of organisms to evolve anything that could be an advantage reflects _____.
The population size is small
Descent with modification
The limits of historical constraints
Gene variability = 0%; number of alleles = 2
Answer
Correct Answer:
The limits of historical constraints
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The extracellular matrix of animal cells ______.
Protects and support cells
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Answer
Correct Answer:
Protects and support cells
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The ease with which humans travel across the globe is likely to increase _____.
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Gene flow
Mutation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gene flow
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The diagnostic feature of chondrichthyes is _____.
Jaws
A lateral line system
A streamlined, torpedo-shaped body
A swim bladder
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The counter-regulatory functions of the pancreas refer to the fact that it _____.
Releases one hormone that reduces glucose levels in the blood and another
Depolarize when exposed to light
Respond to all wavelengths of light
Use photospins as the visual pigments in both rods and cones
Release gluatamate as a primary neurotransmitter
Answer
Correct Answer:
Releases one hormone that reduces glucose levels in the blood and another
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Some liver cells ingest bacteria, a function probably accomplished by _____.
Phagocytosis.
Hypotonic
A hypertonic sucrose solution
Exocytosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phagocytosis.
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Similar gill pouches in embryos of a chick, human, and cat are an example of _____.
Developmental homology
The inheritance of acquired characteristics
Genetic homology
Structural homology
Answer
Correct Answer:
Developmental homology
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Prokaryotes found inhabiting the great salt lake would be _____.
Cyanobacteria
Exterme halophiles
Extermophiles
Methanogens.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exterme halophiles
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Photosynthesis uses ____________ to produce atp, nadph, and o?.
Light energy.
Carbon fixation
Electrons
Calvin cycle
Chlorophyll
Answer
Correct Answer:
Light energy.
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In this activity, the solutes were transported through the dialysis membrane by _______.
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Simple diffusion
Answer
Correct Answer:
Simple diffusion
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Calcium ions that act as second messengers are stored in _____.
Peroxisomes
Endoplasmic reticula
Lysosomes
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endoplasmic reticula
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As you stroll through a moist forest, you are most likely to see a _____.
Zygote of a green alga.
Gametophyte of a moss.
Sporophyte of a liverwort
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gametophyte of a moss.
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As cleavage continues, a zygote forms into a solid multicellular ball called a(n) _____.
Gastrula
Blastula
Morula
Blastopore
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Arrow a is indicating a(n) _____ protein
Structural
Dehydration synthesis
Transport
Amino acids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Structural
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Anything that prevents atp formation will most likely ______.
Result in cell death.
Force the cell to rely on lipids
Force the cell to rely on lipids for energy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Result in cell death.
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An f+ bacterial cell __________.
Acts as a donor during conjugation
Vertical gene transfer
Conjugation
Horizontal gene transfer
Answer
Correct Answer:
Acts as a donor during conjugation
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An ectothermic organism would have the advantage over an endothermic organism when ______.
Food is scarce year-round
Relies on outside heat
Solar rays
Constant or relatively consistent body temperature
Answer
Correct Answer:
Food is scarce year-round
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All of the following are ways that humans reduce biodiversity in ecosystems except _____.
Release them to the wild
Captive breeding programs
"Ecosystem engineers" can be as important as keystone species for the survival of the ecosystem.
Habitat fragmentation caused by building a road through a forest
Answer
Correct Answer:
Captive breeding programs
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All of the following are hydrogen bonding properties except __________.
Nonpolar covalent bonding
10,000,000 times as much
Surface tension
100 times less H+
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nonpolar covalent bonding
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After chromosomes are duplicated, each of the new copies is called a _____.
DNA polymerase
A normal female
Chromosomes
Sister chromatid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sister chromatid
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Adding bile to triglycerides _______.
Chemically modifies the triglycerides
Causes them to clump
Increases the surface area of the triglycerides
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases the surface area of the triglycerides
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Adding a base tends to _____ of a solution.
A compound that donates hydrogen ions to a solution
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic substances are polar.
Lower hydrogen ion concentration and increase the pH
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lower hydrogen ion concentration and increase the pH
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According to this phylogenetic tree, annelids are most closely related to _____.
Nematoda
Arthropoda
Rotifers
Arthropods
Annelida
Answer
Correct Answer:
Arthropods
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About _____ molecules in a glass of water are dissociated.
1 in 500,000,000.
Adhesion
Hydrogen ion
Hydroxide ion
Answer
Correct Answer:
1 in 500,000,000.
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A(n) ______ is to bacteria as a ______ is to animal cells.
RNA . . . a polypeptide
Prophage . . . provirus
Via a lysogenic cycle
Uracil . . . thymine
Thymine . . . cytosine
Answer
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Prophage . . . provirus
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A(n) _____ reaction occurs spontaneously
Anabolic
Kinetic
Exergonic
Chemical
Answer
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Exergonic
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A unique feature of craniates is _____
Segmentation
A closed circulatory system
The neural crest
A vertebral column composed of bone
Answer
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The neural crest
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A series of reciprocal evolutionary adaptations in two species is called _____.
Predation
Coevolution
Interspecific competition
Community diversity
Resource partitioning
Answer
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Coevolution
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A noncompetitive inhibitor decreases the rate of an enzyme reaction by _____.
ΔG is the change in free energy.
It is lost to the environment.
It may be used to form a phosphorylated intermediate.
By changing the shape of an enzyme
Answer
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By changing the shape of an enzyme
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A neuron's nucleus is located in its _____.
Cell body
Axon
Myelin sheath
Dendrite
Synaptic terminals.
Answer
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Cell body
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A leech that attaches itself to a swimmer is an example of __________.
An endoparasite.
Prey.
An ectoparasite.
A pathogen.
A parasitoid.
Answer
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An ectoparasite.
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Oyster populations are primarily, if not exclusively, composed of _____.
Larval and juvenile oysters
Adults
Prereproductive oysters
Larvae
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Over the past decade, the number of park visitors has _______ and park budgets have ________.
Increasing because of logging and grazing.
Are highly adapted to their special environment.
United Nations Environment Program.
The disappearance of palatable herbs.
Increased by one third; decreased by about 25%
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Increased by one third; decreased by about 25%
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Meiosis ii typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
Diploid
Four Haploid
Gametes
Meiosis
Answer
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Four Haploid
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Darwin believed that ________________ was the primary cause of evolution.
Natural selection
Mutation
Genetics
Fossil evidence
Answer
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Natural selection
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Co2 in the atmosphere is absorbed by ________ and converted into biomass.
Other atmosphere gases
The ozone layer
Photosynthetic organisms
Answer
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Photosynthetic organisms
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In a newly fertilized egg, the vitelline layer _____.
Lifts away from the egg and hardens to form a fertilization envelope
Has receptor molecules that are specific for binding acrosomal proteins
Early blastomeres can form a complete embryo if isolated
Is composed of about 1000 cells, in which the developmental origin of each cell has been mapped
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Lifts away from the egg and hardens to form a fertilization envelope
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Extracellular pathogens such as viruses and bacteria in body fluids are attacked by _____.
antibodies from plasma cells antibodies are part of the "humoral" immune responses
Circulating antibodies encounter microorganisms in body fluids and
complex with them to "mark" them for further
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antibodies from plasma cells antibodies are part of the "humoral" immune responses
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Bacteria that __________ tend to have abundant internal membranes.
Are photosynthetic
Crenarchaeota
Delta
Methanogens
Answer
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Are photosynthetic
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In a cladistic approach to systematics, an outgroup is __________.
Species into groups that each include an ancestral species and all of its descendants.
Because many of these changes do not affect fitness.
Systematics is a discipline within taxonomy.
Nucleotide substitutions in a gene occur at a relatively constant rate
Answer
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Species into groups that each include an ancestral species and all of its descendants.
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In signal transduction, phosphatases _____.
Amplify the second messengers such as cAMP
Move the phosphate group of the transduction pathway to the next molecule of a series
Inactivate protein kinases and turn off the signal transduction
Prevent a protein kinase from being reused when there is another extracellular signal
Answer
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Inactivate protein kinases and turn off the signal transduction
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In an ecosystem, all incoming energy will eventually be __________.
Dissipated into space as heat
Respiration
Temperature and moisture
Nitrite is converted to nitrate (NO₃⁻) by nitrifying bacteria.
Fungi and prokaryotes
Answer
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Dissipated into space as heat
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If a tunicate's pharyngeal gill slits were suddenly blocked, the animal would have trouble _____.
A mineralized, bony skeleton
Bipedal locomotion
Respiring and feeding
Repositioning of Formen magnum
Placoderms
Answer
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Respiring and feeding
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Fungi are made of bundles of threadlike ________.
Mycelia
Hyphae
Chitins
Lichens
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For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ nadh + h+ are produced by the citric acid cycle.
7.0
8.0
9.0
6.0
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