Immunology MCQ
1. Limiting factors can affect _________________ (select all that apply):
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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2. Life on the earth depends on interaction of gravity, the cycling of matter, and the ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
One-way flow of energy
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3. Lettuce seeds exposed to far-red light, blue light, and then red light ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
R →FR→R→FR→R
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4. L-dopa is used to treat _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Parkinson's disease
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5. The person credited with the axiom, every cell from a cell is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rudolf Virchow
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6. The correct composition of the membrane attack complex is given by_______________
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7. Innate immunity and adaptive immunity are both _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Characteristics of all vertebrate animals
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8. A circulating white blood cell that is a factor in inflammation is a(n) ________ .
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9. Beta cell destruction that causes type 1 diabetes mellitus is a(n) __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity
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10. An antigen must be at least ________ amino acids long to be effective in a vaccine.
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11. All of the following processes can be activated by complement except __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antibody production
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12. Activation of c3 results in __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the listed choices
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13. Tc cells express a(n) ________ protein co-receptor.
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14. Natural killer (nk) cells __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can kill cancer cells before the immune system is activated.
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15. Four cardinal signs of ____________ are recognized.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inflammation
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16. Tissue rejection after an organ transplant is least likely due to the action of _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Regulatory T cells
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17. The serum used for emergency treatment of snakebites stimulates __________ immunity.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Artificial passive
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18. T-independent humoral immunity may be stunted in children because __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The repertoire of B cells in children is not fully developed
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19. A change in the immune system that rarely accompanies aging is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Improved immunological surveillance
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20. One group of proteolytic enzymes secreted by natural killer (nk) cells is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Granzymes
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21. Bronchoconstriction, dyspnea, and widespread vasodilation are all characteristics of __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anaphylactic shock
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22. A secondary response to an infectious agent has a _______ latent phase than a primary response has.
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23. The "immuno" part of elisa refers to a critical component of the assay, the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antibodies
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24. During the inflammatory response ______ degranulate and release ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mast cells; histamine
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25. The cell that dominates the deep cortical region of a lymph node is the ________ cell.
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26. Antibiotics administered in human medicine work against bacterial infections by __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Interfering with an aspect of bacterial metabolism or structure that differs from that of eukaryotic cells
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27. Treatment of an abscess often requires that it be surgically drained because ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The wall of the abscess prevents neutrophils from entering the pus and attacking the pathogens
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28. The redness and heat of an inflamed area are due to a local hyperemia caused by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vasodilation
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29. Phagocyte mobilization involves ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytotoxic
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30. Antigen presentation is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Presented by specialized peptide display molecules on host cell.
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31. An advantage to adaptive immunity is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Its memory cells that provide quicker, larger and more efficient immune response upon second exposure to an antigen
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32. An advantage of innate immunity is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Its barriers that prevent pathogens from entering into the body.
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33. Allergic reactions to penicillins are considered a(n) _____ hypersensitivity.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Immediate
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34. Allergens differ from antigens because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allergens produce an abnormally large immune response to what is an otherwise harmless particle
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35. A vaccine is effective because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The secondary response of the adaptive immunity is faster and more efficient than the primary response.
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36. T-independent humoral immunity __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The repertoire of B cells in children is not fully developed
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37. T cells achieve self tolerance in the __________
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38. Il 2 is involved in __________ tc cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self-stimulation of clonal
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39. T cells _____ pathogens.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Defense against
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40. Dividing lymphocytes can be found in the ________ of the lymphatic nodule.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Germinal center
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41. The immune system normally discriminates between __________ antigens.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self and nonself
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42. Type a blood can safely donate rbcs to _____________ and can receive rbcs of type ___________.
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43. A fruit fly, internally infected by a potentially pathogenic fungus, is protected by its _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antimicrobial peptides
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44. The lymphocytes that enter tissues and directly attack antigens are __________ cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytotoxic T
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45. The birth of t cells takes place in the ____________ bone marrow.
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46. Most antibodies and ____ _____ respond to the site of ______ _______ on a foreign molecule.
Answer
Correct Answer:
T cells, highest antigenicity
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47. Innate immunity _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is activated immediately upon infection
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48. Helper t cells are part of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Helper T cells are part of cell-mediated immune responses. Cell-mediated immunity depends on the activation of T lymphocytes.
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49. Vertebrate immune cells, which are phagocytic, include ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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50. Class i mhc molecules __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Activate cytotoxic T cells
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51. Class i major histocompatibility complex molecules are found on ____________ cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All nucleated
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52. Yearly vaccination of humans for influenza viruses is necessary because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rapid mutation in flu viruses alters the surface proteins in infected host cells
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53. Without the positive selection process in lymphocyte maturation ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
T-cells would not be able to properly bind to APC's and therefore not be activated by them
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54. The process of diapedesis is important because __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
It allows white blood cells to leave the vessel system and attack pathogens in the tissues
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55. The secondary response in humoral immunity occurs when memory cells bind to ______.
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56. The helper t-cell clones stimulate antibody production by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plasma cells
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57. The eyes and the respiratory tract are both protected against infections by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The secretion of lysozyme onto their surface
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58. T lymphocytes are to the _____ as b lymphocytes are to the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thymus; bone marrow
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59. Prostaglandins function to _________ during an immune response.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Induce fever by raising the body's temperature
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60. Plasma cells ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have a great deal of rough endoplasmic reticulum reflecting the fact that they secrete a tremendous amount of protein (antibody
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61. Monoclonal antibodies are used for the diagnosis of all of the following except ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Juvenile diabetes
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62. Innate immunity and acquired immunity are both _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Characteristics of all vertebrate animals
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63. In an antibody molecule, the __________ region mediates binding to host cells.
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64. Il 2 is involved in __________ tc cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self-stimulation of
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65. Igm is the first class of antibodies to be made during an immune response because ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The gene for the mu Fc region is the first to be attached to the variable region gene
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66. Helper t-lymphocytes secrete ________ to stimulate the proliferation of b-lymphocytes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytokines
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67. Fever is induced at the systemic level by ________, which is an endogenous pyrogen.
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68. Cytotoxic t (tc) cells are like natural killer (nk) cells because they both __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Secrete granzymes and perforin
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69. Cd8 markers are to ________ t cells as cd4 markers are to ________ t cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytoxic; helper
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70. Autoimmune diseases are an example of a(n) ________ response by the immune system.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Incorrect
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71. Antibodies are __________ produced in response to an antigen.
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72. ________ is the capacity to mount a secondary response to the same antigen.
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73. ________ exists when the immune system does not respond to a particular antigen.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tolerance
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74. Antimicrobial peptides called ________ are secreted in sweat and damage bacteria and fungi.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dermcidins
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75. Antigens that depend on the function of t-helper cells are called __________ antigens.
Answer
Correct Answer:
T-dependent
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76. Antigens bound to mhc ii activate __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Helper T cells
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77. Any substance that triggers an immune response in the body is called a(n) ________.
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78. A characteristic symptom of necrotizing fasciitis is that the pain __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is disproportionate to the appearance of the infection
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79. Antibodies are produced and secreted by ______
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plasma cells
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80. A primary immune response is the ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Immune response elicited by the first exposure of lymphocytes to a particular antigen
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81. When an antigen is bound to a class ii mhc protein, it can activate a ________ cell.
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82. When an antigen is bound to a class i mhc molecule, it can stimulate a ________ cell.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytotoxic T
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83. White blood cells and ____ carry out innate immune responses
Answer
Correct Answer:
Defensive proteins
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84. This medullary region of the lymph node contains primarily ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Macrophages
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85. Naturally acquired passive immunity can result from the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Placental transfer of antibodies
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86. B cells respond to the initial antigen challenge by ________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Producing progeny cells that include plasma cells and memory cells
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87. Antibody functions include all of the following except ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cross-linking cell-bound antigens on red blood cells when blood types are properly matched
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88. When antibodies bind antigens, the clumping of antigens results from _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The antibody having at least two binding regions
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89. This variable region gives an antibody ______ for an _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Specificity, antigen
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90. Memory t cells can be up to __________ old.
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91. T cells of the immune system include _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytotoxic and helper cells
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92. Proteins on the surface of phagocytes called ________ aid in the detection of pathogen molecules.
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93. Most often, antigens are composed of __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glycoproteins
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94. Membrane attack complex (mac) kills by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Disrupting the selectively permeability of a bacteria's plasma membrane
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95. Immunological memory accounts for _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The ancient observation that someone who had recovered from the plague could safely care for those newly diseased.
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96. Histamine is released from the _____ cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mast cells
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97. Exogenous antigens are processed for immune recognition by ________ cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dendritic and macrophage
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98. Complement fixation cannot lead to __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endogenous pyrexia
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99. Clonal selection of b cells ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Results in the formation of plasma cells
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100. Cell-mediated immunity is to t cells as antibody-mediated immunity is to ___________.
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101. Antibody structures are perfectly suited to directly link ______ to ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antigen, immune cell
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102. Antibodies are ___ proteins while antigens are ___ proteins.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self-produced; foreign
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103. Activated cd8 t cells become __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytotoxic T cells
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104. __________ is not a cardinal sign characteristic of inflammation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Impaired use
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Biology MCQs | Topic-wise
