General Biology MCQ
1. The building of a large organic molecule from small subunits involves multiple ________.
Hydrolysis reactions
Osmotic reactions
Dehydration synthesis reactions
Hydrosynthetic reactions
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dehydration synthesis reactions
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2. Examine the figure below. phytoplankton live in the ________.
Choicesphotic
Zoneaphotic
Realmphotic zone
Photic zone.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Photic zone.
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3. Energy is transferred from atp to other molecules by transferring a(n) ________.
ADP
Heat unit
Adenosine.
Phosphate group.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phosphate group.
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4. Women who go on _______ commonly lose their menstrual periods.
Exercise binges
Eating binges
Severe diets
High-protein diets
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exercise binges
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5. Many antibiotics kill bacteria because they hinder translation by prokaryotic _____.
Plasma membrane
Cell walls
Peroxisomes
Ribosomes
Amino acids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ribosomes
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6. When two or more species vie for the same limited resource, ______ occurs.
Succession
Symbiosis
Coevolution
Stotting
Competition
Answer
Correct Answer:
Competition
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7. Echinoderm larvae are ________________, while echinoderm adults are ________________.
Egmented; unsegmented ·
Radially symmetrical; bilaterally symmetrical
Bilateraly symmetrical; radially symmetrical
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bilateraly symmetrical; radially symmetrical
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8. Earth's biosphere is not completely self-contained (or closed) because _____.
Humans pollute the atmosphere and bodies of water
Plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria obtain energy from sunlight, and heat escapes from the biosphere into space
The precipitation that falls on the interior of western North America is derived from the Pacific Ocean
Bacteria that live on snowy mountains receive nutrients blown to them by winds
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria obtain energy from sunlight, and heat escapes from the biosphere into space
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9. During aerobic exercises such as dancing, as glucose is used by the muscles, ____.
Fast-twitch fibers absorb more glucose
Slow-twitch muscles produce glucose anaerobically
Glucose use increases
Glucose use decreases
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glucose use decreases
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10. Describing a person as having hemophilia is to indicate his or her ______.
Genotype
Phenotype
Genetic code
Number
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phenotype
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11. The human genome project has the potential to ______
Play a role in all of the
The negative end
DNA that carries genes from two different sources
The DNA fragments have different lengths
Answer
Correct Answer:
Play a role in all of the
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12. Final protein refinements, storage, and packaging occurs ________.
In the Golgi apparatus.
All of the above are forms of passive transport
Active transport
Chloroplasts
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the Golgi apparatus.
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13. It's perfectly natural for loss to be followed by __________.
Feelings of euphoria.
A long period of happiness.
Celebration
Answer
Correct Answer:
Feelings of euphoria.
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14. The common ancestor of all these chordate groups except the _____ probably had paired appendages.
Mammals
Amphibians
Lampreys
Ray-finned fishes
Reptiles
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15. The chemoheterotroph proteus vulgaris is a rod-shaped bacterium classified with _____.
Proteobacteria
Chlamydias
Spirochetes
Gram-positive bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Answer
Correct Answer:
Proteobacteria
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16. The arms of the sister chromatids dissociate from each other during ________ of mitosis.
Prophase
Anaphase
Cross septum
S phase
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17. The appearance of an evolutionary novelty promotes _____.
Gene flow
Mutation
Mass extinction
Paedomorphosis
Adaptive radiation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Adaptive radiation
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18. The "triplet code" refers to the fact that _________.
None of the listed responses is correct
Three amino acids code for a single nucleotide
The three-letter code for each amino acid is a triplet
Three sets of nucleotides are required for each amino acid
Three nucleotides code for a single amino acid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Three nucleotides code for a single amino acid
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19. Substances that plug up an enzyme's active site are ______.
Enzyme substrates
Enzyme inhibitors
Induced fit factors
Enzyme products
Answer
Correct Answer:
Enzyme inhibitors
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20. Streptococcus pyogenes is classified with _____.
Proteobacteria
Chlamydias
Spirochetes
Gram-positive bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gram-positive bacteria
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21. Strains of pathogens that mildly harm, but do not kill, the host plant are termed _____.
Abscisic acid
Gelatin
Protein
Avirulent
Answer
Correct Answer:
Avirulent
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22. Stop codons are unique because they __________.
Do not code for amino acids that allow a releasing factor to bind to the A site of the ribosome
Code for a specific amino acid that binds to a releasing factor
Do not code for amino acids that allow a releasing factor to bind to the P site of the ribosome
Do not code for amino acids that allow a releasing factor to bind to the E site of the ribosome
Answer
Correct Answer:
Do not code for amino acids that allow a releasing factor to bind to the A site of the ribosome
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23. Biomedical waste is mostly disposed of through ________.
Incinerating
Deforestation
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Incinerating
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24. Fertile hyphae that bear spores are called _____.
Conidiophores
Sporangium
Gametophytes
Isogametes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sporangium
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25. Based on his experiments, mendel concluded that each trait was controlled by two _____.
Factors
F1 generations.
F2 generations.
Hybrids.
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26. _____ means "jointed feet." annelida nematoda arthropoda echinodermata
Phylum Arthropoda
Joint Hypermobility
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phylum Arthropoda
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27. Your body is approximately _______ percent water.
30
45
60
75
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28. When the mature ovum leaves the ovary, it is caught by the _____.
Fallopian tube
Fimbriae
Oviducts
None of the above
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29. What we know to be true about emergency contraception is that it ________.
Can prevent up to over 95% of pregnancies when taken within 5 days after intercourse.
Cannot be trusted
Cannot work most of the time
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can prevent up to over 95% of pregnancies when taken within 5 days after intercourse.
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30. Whales have vestigial legs. this suggests they _____.
Will one day return to land
Evolved from large fish
Descended from land animals
Can live on land
Answer
Correct Answer:
Descended from land animals
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31. Water makes a good coolant because it has a ____.
High specific heat
Low specific heat
High boiling point
Low freezing point
Answer
Correct Answer:
High specific heat
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32. Water is the lightest (least dense) when it ________.
Freezes
Is just below boiling
Is just above freezing
Is at room temperature
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33. Water is __________ when a nucleotide is added to the end of a dna strand.
PRODUCED.
WASTED.
TRANSFOMED.
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
PRODUCED.
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34. Water flows into the source end of a sieve tube because _____.
Sucrose has been actively transported into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic.
Water pressure outside the sieve tube forces in water.
The companion cell of a sieve tube actively pumps in water.
Sucrose has been dumped from the sieve tube by active transport.
Sucrose has diffused into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sucrose has been actively transported into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic.
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35. Viral stis are ________.
Curable
Incurable
Not preventable
Treatable with antibiotics
Incurable
Answer
Correct Answer:
Incurable
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36. The taxon species may be defined by reproductive isolation and _____.
Variation
Morphology
Dichotomy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Morphology
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37. The roundworm body cavity is ________, whereas the planarian body cavity is ________.
Eucoelomic; pseudocoelomic
Protosoma; deuterstomia
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eucoelomic; pseudocoelomic
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38. The processes of chemical cycling would be studied mainly by ________.
A population ecologist
An ecosystem ecologist
An environmentalist
A community ecologist
Answer
Correct Answer:
An ecosystem ecologist
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39. The polymerization of amino acids into a protein is an example of _____.
Feedback inhibition
Catabolic pathway
Bioremediation
An anabolic pathway
Positive feedback
Answer
Correct Answer:
An anabolic pathway
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40. The phenotypic ratio for the f2 generation in a dihybrid cross will theoretically be _____.
1:2:1
1:3
9:3:3:1
1:2:2:1
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41. The opening of stomata is thought to involve _____.
Decreased turgor pressure in guard cells
Active transport of water out of the guard cells
Movement of K+ into guard cells
Movement of K+ out of guard cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Movement of K+ into guard cells
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42. The normal, or ________, eye accommodates properly.
Emmetropic
Myopic
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Emmetropic
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43. The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane is _____.
Diffusion
Osmosis
Endocytosis
Facilitated
Diffusion
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44. The most effective molecule for nitrogenous waste disposal in desert animals would be __________.
Uric acid
Urea
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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45. The mitochondrial internal cristal membranes are joined to ________.
Plasma membrane
Inner metichondrial membrane
Nothing
Nuclear membrane
Out mitochondrial membrane
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inner metichondrial membrane
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46. The mesoderm gives rise to _____
Muscle cells
Connective tissue
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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47. The lipid bilayer forms because the lipids are __________.
Amphiphathic
Proteinaceous
Hypertonic
Amphoteric.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Amphiphathic
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48. The ia and ib alleles of the abo blood group gene i exhibit ____.
Codominance
Complete dominance with the IA allele being dominant
Incomplete dominance
Complete dominance with the IB allele being dominant
Answer
Correct Answer:
Codominance
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49. The human immunodeficiency virus infects and kills _____.
Antibodies
B cells
Crytotoxic T cells
Helper T cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antibodies
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50. The high osmolarity of the renal medulla is maintained by all of the following except _____.
Active transport of salt from the upper region of the ascending limb
The spatial arrangement of juxta medullary nephrons
Diffusion of urea from the collecting duct
Diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
Diffusion of salt from the descending limb of the loop of Henle
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diffusion of salt from the descending limb of the loop of Henle
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51. The golgi apparatus packages materials into ________ for transport or export.
Vesicles
Enzymes
Mitochondria
All of the above
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52. The force driving simple diffusion is _____, while the energy source for active transport is _____.
The concentration gradient; ADP
Phosphorylated protein carriers; ATP
The concentration gradient; ATP
Transmembrane pumps; electron transport
Answer
Correct Answer:
The concentration gradient; ATP
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53. The following statements are true of hiv: ____.
It has a longer incubation period than influenza.
It can be transmitted before it can be detected by commonly used antibody tests.
Drug treatment can reduce the degree of communicability.
All of these are correct.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these are correct.
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54. The effects of soil on flora and fauna are called ________.
Topographic
Ecotonal
Edaphic
Biotic
Transitory
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55. The deadliest cancer of the female reproductive system is _________ cancer.
Ovarian
Uterus
Vaginal
Vulvar
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56. The connection between structure and ________ is a basic concept of biology.
Function
Muscle
Blood
None of the above
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57. The concept of a membrane as a fluid mosaic reflects the ability of ________.
Most proteins but not phospholipids to drift about in the plane of the membrane
Carbohydrates to drift into and out of the membrane structure
Phospholipids but not proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane
Phospholipids and most proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phospholipids and most proteins to drift about in the plane of the membrane
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58. The concentrations of ions are very different inside and outside a nerve cell due to _____.
Sodium-potassium pumps
Sodium-potassium ions
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sodium-potassium pumps
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59. The binomial system assigns to each organism a unique name that describes its __________.
Order and family
Body plan and habitat
Genus and species
Family and species
Evolutionary history
Answer
Correct Answer:
Genus and species
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60. Sturtevant's genetic mapping _____.
Orders genes on a chromosome based on recombination frequencies
Orders genes on a ribosomes based on recombination frequencies
Orders genes on a DNA based on recombination frequencies
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Orders genes on a chromosome based on recombination frequencies
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61. Self-incompatibility _____.
Is based on the same mechanism of transplant rejection seen in animals
Helps maintain genetic variability in a population
Works the same way in all plants
Does not have potential agricultural applications
Is the rejection of a graft by a plant
Answer
Correct Answer:
Helps maintain genetic variability in a population
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62. Seaweed and kelp are _____ algae.
Brown
Red
Fire
Golden-brown.
Both A & D
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both A & D
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63. Refer to the illustration. humans have the type of body cavity shown in ______.
1
2
3
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64. Refer to the illustration. an organism with no body cavity is shown in _________.
1
2
3
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65. Reactants called _______ bind to an enzyme's _______ site where a chemical reaction takes place.
Cofactors; metabolic
Catalysts; regulatory
Regulators; modification
Substrates; active
Answer
Correct Answer:
Substrates; active
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66. Osmosis can be defined as ______.
The diffusion of water
The diffusion of nonpolar molecules
Active transport
The diffusion of a solute
Answer
Correct Answer:
The diffusion of water
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67. One side of your face is identical to the other side. you are _____.
Bilaterally Symmetrical
Symmetrical
Non Symmetrical
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bilaterally Symmetrical
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68. Nutrients leave the small intestine and are carried by the blood to the _____.
Rectum
Stomach
Pancreas
Liver
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69. Nematodes and arthropods both _____
Develop an anus from the blastopore (pore) formed in the gastrula stage
Are suspension feeders
Grow by shedding their exoskeleton
Have ciliated larvae
Answer
Correct Answer:
Grow by shedding their exoskeleton
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70. Most of the signals that neurons receive are ___________; others are the opposite, or ________.
Excitatory; refractory
Polarizing; depolarizing
Inhibitory; excitatory
Excitatory; inhibitory
Answer
Correct Answer:
Excitatory; inhibitory
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71. Most aquatic animals use _____.
External fertilization
Internal fertilization
Both internal nor external
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
External fertilization
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72. Influx of ____ or _____ ions result in epsps.
Na+; Ca++
Na+; Ca2+
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Na+; Ca++
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73. In the linnaeus system, a(n) ________ contains similar phyla.
Scientific name
Class
Kingdom
Order
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74. In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, griffith found that __________.
The protein coat from the pathogenic cells were able to transform nonpathogenic cells.
Heat-killed pathogenic cells caused pneumonia.
Some substance from pathogenic cells were transferred to nonpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic.
The polysaccharide coat of bacteria caused pneumonia.
Bacteriophages injected DNA into bacteria.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Some substance from pathogenic cells were transferred to nonpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic.
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75. Due to water's ____________ , it is capable of dissolving a great number of substances.
Polarity
Singularity
Both a and b
None of the above
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76. Cystic fibrosis is a disease that __________
Damages your lungs
Damages digestive tract
Damages other organs
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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77. Consider the photograph of a karyotype. this is _____.
An individual's physical traits
A means of determining a person's phenotype
All the possible gametes a person could produce
A photograph of all a person's chromosomes
Answer
Correct Answer:
A photograph of all a person's chromosomes
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78. Carbon is fixed in the biosphere through ________ into carbohydrate compounds.
Bacteria
Biomes
Photosynthesis
Denitrification
Transit
Answer
Correct Answer:
Photosynthesis
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79. Carbon dioxide is split to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds _____.
During photosynthesis
During respiration
During photosynthesis and respiration
In neither photosynthesis nor respiration
Answer
Correct Answer:
In neither photosynthesis nor respiration
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80. An interconnected series of tubes in the cytoplasm is called the _____.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi body
Mitochondria
Centrioles
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endoplasmic reticulum
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81. All cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane that is similar in ________ and ________.
Thickness . . . composition
Permeability . . . content
Structure . . . function
Lucidity . . . texture
Answer
Correct Answer:
Structure . . . function
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82. Adrenal glands in males release _____, which are secreted during puberty.
Testosterone
Androgens
Estrogen
Progesterone
Answer
Correct Answer:
Androgens
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83. A characteristic of arthropods that has allowed for their great success is the presence of ______.
A brain
An endoskeleton
Bilateral symmetry
A coelom
An exoskeleton
Answer
Correct Answer:
An exoskeleton
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84. A _____ is a short, fleshy stem surrounded by enlarged, fleshy bases of leaves.
Bulb
Tuber
Stolon
Corm
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85. _____ prevents seeds from germinating until conditions are favorable for the growth of the plant.
Ethylene
Zeaxanthin
Gibberellin
Abscisic acid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Abscisic acid
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86. _____ are secreted by the adrenal glands.
Ephinephrine
Cortisol
Aldosterone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aldosterone
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87. Very small organisms, like paramecia or protozoa, moving around in water __________.
Almost immediately come to rest once they stop swimming
Experience inertia much like large objects do
Have quadratic drag forces acting on them
Take a long time to come to rest once they stop swimming
Answer
Correct Answer:
Almost immediately come to rest once they stop swimming
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88. The separation of soil into distinct layers is _______.
Horizonation
Soil reaction
Soil structure
Soil color
Answer
Correct Answer:
Horizonation
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89. The best way to reduce wind erosion on a farm is to _____.
Cut down wind breaks
Stop planting crops
Stop irrigating unused fields
Plant ground cover in unused fields
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plant ground cover in unused fields
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90. The asexual spores produced by members of the phylum ascomycota are called __________.
Conidia.
Nucleariid.
Coenocytic.
Chytrid.
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91. Nitrifying bacteria participate in the nitrogen cycle mainly by _____.
Converting nitrogen gas to ammonia
Releasing ammonium from organic compounds, thus returning it to the soil
Converting ammonium to nitrate, which plants absorb
Incorporating nitrogen into amino acids and organic compounds
Answer
Correct Answer:
Converting ammonium to nitrate, which plants absorb
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92. In asexual reproduction, _______ organism(s) can produce other organisms.
One
Two
Three
None
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93. In ____, semen is expelled into the bladder.
Premature ejaculation
Delayed ejaculation
Retrograde ejaculation
Anejaculation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Retrograde ejaculation
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94. In _____ conditions, the cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting.
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
All of the choices are correct.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hypotonic
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95. Hyphae with two nuclei per cell are called __________.
Diploid.
Heterozygotic.
Prokaryotic.
Dikaryotic.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dikaryotic.
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96. Fungi release digestive enzymes into their _____.
Surroundings
Gastrovascular cavity
Stomach
Hyphae
Mycelia
Answer
Correct Answer:
Surroundings
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97. Fungi produce _____ spores.
Diploid;
Haploid;
Triploid;
Dikaryotic;
Heterokaryotic
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98. Fungal species are classified in a particular phylum based on __________.
The type of sexual structure they form
The type of fungai structure they form
The type of phylum structure they form
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
The type of sexual structure they form
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99. Fungal mycelia _____.
Have a large surface area composed of branching hyphae
Does not have a large surface area composed of branching hyphae
Sometimes have a large surface area composed of branching hyphae
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have a large surface area composed of branching hyphae
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100. Fire algae are known as dinoflagellates because _____.
They are from the dinosaur era
They cause red tides
They have two flagella
Their bodies are covered with cellulose plates
Answer
Correct Answer:
They have two flagella
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101. Chlorophyll containing organisms lacking true stems, roots, or leaves are known as _____.
Plants
Animals
Bacteria
Algae
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102. Blast is a computational tool used by genome biologists to _____.
Assemble short overlapping DNA sequences into long contiguous DNA sequences called contigs.
Compare a given DNA or protein sequence to all other DNA or protein sequences in a database.
Align genetic maps based on recombination frequencies to physical maps of chromosomes.
Identify sites in the DNA where restriction endonucleases cut.
Disassemble genomic DNA sequences into small segments.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Compare a given DNA or protein sequence to all other DNA or protein sequences in a database.
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103. Bird migration is an example of an ________ .
Endogenous circannual rhythm
Endogenous circadian rhythm
Exogenous circadian rhythm
Exogenous circannual rhythm
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endogenous circannual rhythm
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104. Bacteria that do not have a fixed shape are said to be __________.
Pleomorphic
Simple morphic
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pleomorphic
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105. All of the following are absent from mycoplasmas except __________.
Sterols
Krebs cycle enzymes
Cytochromes
N-acetyl glucosamine
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106. After cytokinesis occurs in budding yeasts, the daughter cell has a _____.
Smaller nucleus and more cytoplasm than the mother cell.
Smaller nucleus and less cytoplasm than the mother cell.
Larger nucleus and less cytoplasm than the mother cell.
Similar nucleus and less cytoplasm than the mother cell.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Similar nucleus and less cytoplasm than the mother cell.
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107. Actinomycetes form long filaments called ___________.
Mycelium
Hyphae
Pleomorphic
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108. Abdominal fat stored primarily around internal organs is known as ____ fat.
subcutaneous
saturated
essential
retroperitoneal
visceral
Answer
Correct Answer:
visceral
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109. A wolf eats a rabbit that eats grass. the grass is a ________.
Consumer
Detritivore
Producer
Heterotroph
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110. A dikaryon differs from a diploid cell in that the dikaryon _____.
Has two separate nuclei
Has three separate nuclei
Has four separate nuclei
Has five separate nuclei
Answer
Correct Answer:
Has two separate nuclei
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111. A chancroid is best described as a sexually transmitted ____.
Disease
Agent
Infection
Bacteria
Virus
Answer
Correct Answer:
Infection
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112. ________ are junctions that fuse adjacent cells together to form a nearly impermeable barrier.
Connexins
Cadherins
Syneins
Occludins
Tubulins
Answer
Correct Answer:
Occludins
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113. ________ are extrachromosomal dna molecules that are not part of the bacterial genome.
Plasmid
Chromosomes
Both a and b
None of the above
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114. ______ is the process of naming and assigning organisms to a taxon.
Cladistics
Taxonomy
Phylogeny
Classification
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Classification
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115. Lactic acid buildup in muscles is a sign that ________.
Respiration capacity has not been reached
Respiration is operating effectively
Insufficient oxygen is reaching the muscles
The muscles will be able to operate continuously for a long time
Answer
Correct Answer:
Insufficient oxygen is reaching the muscles
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116. In your body, the inside "tube" within a "tube" is derived from the _____.
Endoderm
Ectoderm
Both a and b
None of the above
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117. In nitrogen fixation, ________ combine gaseous n2 with hydrogen to make ammonia (nh3).
Nucleic acids
Nutrients
Multicellular plants
Bacteria
Proteins
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118. In millers 1953 laboratory experiment, __________.
Abiotic compounds cycled through the apparatus and were sampled for organic compounds
Organic compounds cycled through the apparatus and were sampled for abiotic compounds
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Abiotic compounds cycled through the apparatus and were sampled for organic compounds
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119. If you were to combine all of the ecosystems on the planet, you would have the ________.
Biosphere
Geosphere
Cryosphere
Hydrosphere
Answer
Correct Answer:
Biosphere
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120. Hypotonic and hypertonic describe the concentration of the _____.
Solvent
Fluid
Solute
Water
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121. Hyperventilation can result in _______.
Too much oxygen in the blood
Respiratory acidosis
Too much carbon dioxide in the blood
Too little carbon dioxide in the blood
Answer
Correct Answer:
Too little carbon dioxide in the blood
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122. High-fat diets can play a part in the development of __________.
Breast, colon, and pancreatic cancer
Ovarian, bone, and skin cancer
Skin, brain, and prostate cancer
Pancreatic, skin, and colon cancer
Answer
Correct Answer:
Breast, colon, and pancreatic cancer
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123. Grass absorbs about _____ of the sun's energy, while _____ is lost as heat.
10%; 90%
1%; 9%
0.1%; 0.9%
0.01%; 0.009%
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124. From the capillaries of the abdominal organs and hind limbs, blood flows to the _____.
Right atrium
Left atrium
Aorta
Capillaries of the lungs
Posterior vena cava
Answer
Correct Answer:
Posterior vena cava
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125. Derived chordate characteristics include all of the following except a _______.
Post-anal tail
Notochord
Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
Pharyngeal slits
Dorsal, solid nerve cord
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dorsal, solid nerve cord
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126. Ddt, dde, pcbs, and pbdes are all ________.
Biodegradable and do not persist in the environment
Toxic at the organism level but not at the ecosystem level
Teratogens non-biodegradable and subject to bioaccumulation and/or bioamplification
Approved for use as pesticides by the EPA
Answer
Correct Answer:
Teratogens non-biodegradable and subject to bioaccumulation and/or bioamplification
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127. Completely metabolizing one glucose molecule produces approximate ___ atp.
36
38
40
32
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128. Both invertebrates and vertebrates, with the exception of the _____, have a nervous system.
Lancelet
Reptile
Mollusk
Sponge
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129. Bees visiting flowers to harvest nectar and pollen would be considered examples of _____.
Mutualism
Synthesis
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mutualism
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130. At the onset of puberty, ____.
there is substantial gray matter growth
the risk of schizophrenia decreases
brain development is virtually complete
The brain has completed its adult development
Answer
Correct Answer:
there is substantial gray matter growth
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131. As we respire, we release co2. the carbon in this co2 is obtained from __________.
The air we breath
The water we drink
The food we eat
Sunlight
Answer
Correct Answer:
The food we eat
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132. As letters are to english language, ________ is/are to genetic information.
Proteins
Nucleotides
DNA double helix
A and B
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleotides
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133. Aristotle contributed to the science of taxonomy when he classified animals into _____ groups.
3
4
5
2
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134. Aquatic nitrate pollution can result in _____.
Algal bloom
Oxygen depletion
Fish kills
Hypoxia
An algal bloom that, when the algae die and are decomposed by bacteria, leads to hypoxia and the death of fish
Answer
Correct Answer:
An algal bloom that, when the algae die and are decomposed by bacteria, leads to hypoxia and the death of fish
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135. Animals store most of their excess energy reserves as _______ because
Glucose; it is easy to break down
Fat; they store twice as much energy per gram
Protein; it is a compact source of energy in their bodies
Carbohydrates; they store twice as energy per gram of glucose
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fat; they store twice as much energy per gram
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136. An earthworm moves by alternating muscular contractions against a __________
Hydrostatic skeleton
Setae and muscles
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrostatic skeleton
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137. Aids cannot be transmitted through ________.
Sexual contact
Hugs
Breast feeding
Blood transfusion
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138. A unique characteristic of birds is that they have _____.
Hair
A four-chambered heart
Scales
Feathers
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139. A plant may open and close its stomata to prevent excess water loss and maintain _____.
Negative feedback
Adaptability
A system level
Homeostasis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Homeostasis
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140. A family has seven sons. the chance that their eighth child will be a daughter is _____.
One chance in eight
Practically none
One chance in seven
One chance in two
Answer
Correct Answer:
One chance in two
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141. A countercurrent heat exchanger enables an animal to _____
Absorb heat from the environment
Produce more heat when needed
Reduce the loss of heat to the environment
Dincrease heat loss by evaporation
Slow metabolism when food is not available
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reduce the loss of heat to the environment
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142. A cell is considered to be differentiated when it _____
Replicates by the process of mitosis
Loses connections to the surrounding cells
Produces proteins specific to a particular cell type
Appears to be different from the surrounding cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produces proteins specific to a particular cell type
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143. ________ are heterotrophic protists; ________ are photoautotrophic protists.
Protozoans . . . protoplants
Protoplants . . . protozoans
Protozoans . . . algae
Algae . . . Protozoans
Answer
Correct Answer:
Protozoans . . . algae
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144. Differentiated animal cells and tissues include _____.
Cuboidal cells
Columnar cells
Bone cells
Fat cells
Neurons
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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145. The mechanism of enzyme action is to _____.
Lower the energy of activation for a reaction
Higher the energy of activation for a reaction
Neither higher nor lower the energy of activation for a reaction
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lower the energy of activation for a reaction
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146. Earthworms use ______ as their respiratory surface.
Capillaries
Breathing
Tracheas
Their skin
Answer
Correct Answer:
Their skin
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147. Geologists use _________________ to determine a rock layer's absolute age
Radioactive dating
Homologous
Natural selection
Gene pool
Answer
Correct Answer:
Radioactive dating
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148. _____ are secondary consumers.
Producers
Herbivores
Plants
Carnivores
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carnivores
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149. Molecular phylogenies show all land plants are a monophyletic group. this suggests ________.
They are food for many marine organisms that humans eat.
There was a single transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats
They can easily lose water to, and absorb water from, the atmosphere.
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
There was a single transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats
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150. Antibodies have complementary surface markers that work with ______ like a lock and key.
Histamines.
Antigens.
T cells.
Cytokines.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antigens.
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151. Organisms contain thousands of different proteins composed of ________ different amino acids.
4
20
100
1,000
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152. Penguins, seals, and tuna have body forms that permit rapid swimming, because _____.
All share a recent common ancestor
All of their bodies have been compressed since birth by intensive underwater pressures
The shape is a convergent evolutionary solution, which reduces drag while swimming
This is the only shape that will allow them to maintain a constant body temperature in water
Answer
Correct Answer:
The shape is a convergent evolutionary solution, which reduces drag while swimming
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153. A photoautotrophic unicellular organism with a shell made of silica is most likely a(n) ______.
Diatom
Apicomplexan
Foram
Dinoflagellate
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154. In relation to wildfire, the california redwood and the southern yellow pine are ________.
In biomes were fire is not common
Plants that need fire to open their cones
Heavily damaged by the least amount of fire
Fireproof
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plants that need fire to open their cones
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155. A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would ________.
Have no nuclei
Have more nuclei
Have two nuclei
Have one nuclei
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have two nuclei
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156. What is the main advantage of controlled burnings of forested areas? controlled burnings _____.
Eliminate the possibility of forest fires
Clear forested areas for farmland
Prevent the overgrowth of the underbrush
Allow new species to form
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prevent the overgrowth of the underbrush
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157. Water-storing plants and deeply-rooted shrubs are plants that characterize ______.
Tropical forests.
Chaparral.
Deserts.
Savanna.
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158. To be absolutely safe, all medical records should be retained ________.
Until the patient dies
For one year
For two years
Forever
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159. The term ""fecundity"" refers to an organism's ____________ while fertility is ______________.
Physical ability to reproduce, actual number of offspring produced
Actual number of offspring produced, physical ability to reproduce
Average life span, physical ability to reproduce
Replacement level of reproduction, actual number of offspring produced
Answer
Correct Answer:
Physical ability to reproduce, actual number of offspring produced
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160. The sahara desert and the negev desert belong to the same ______.
Community
Abiota
Biome
Biota
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161. The prokaryotic group that tends to inhabit extreme environments belongs to ________.
Protista.
Archaea.
Bacteria.
Euglena
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162. The production of sterile male ligers is an example of ______.
Sympatric speciation.
Neutral evolution.
The founder effect
A post- zygotic barrrier
Answer
Correct Answer:
A post- zygotic barrrier
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163. The product of the laci gene functions most like a car's _____.
Parking brake
Accelerator pedal
Steering wheel
Engine
Answer
Correct Answer:
Parking brake
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164. The mpf protein complex turns itself off by _____.
Activating a process that destroys cyclin components
Activating an enzyme that stimulates cyclin
Binding to chromatin
Exiting the cell
Answer
Correct Answer:
Activating a process that destroys cyclin components
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165. Kinetochore microtubules assist in the process of splitting centromeres by _____.
Creating tension by pulling toward opposite poles
Have entered in G0
DNA and proteins
Golgi-derived vesicles
Answer
Correct Answer:
Creating tension by pulling toward opposite poles
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166. In the ets, ________ accepts electrons from one molecule and transfers them to another.
A hydrogen ion
A coenzyme
The acetyl group
A cytochrome
Answer
Correct Answer:
A coenzyme
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167. Species that exhibit an equilibrial life history typically ______.
Carrying capacity
A group of organisms that occupy the same general area
Are in danger of extinction
Have long lives
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have long lives
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168. Techniques to eradicate zebra mussels ________.
Have relatively low precipitation
Parasites rarely kill their host while predators kill their prey.
Include introducing predators and diseases
They are likely to be keystone species.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Include introducing predators and diseases
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169. Sympatric speciation specifically excludes ______.
Mechanical isolation;
Temporal isolation;
Geographic isolation;
Postzygotic barriers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Geographic isolation;
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170. People living in the andes mountains approximately 5,000 years ago domesticated ________.
Corn.
Potatoes.
Wheat.
Barley.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Potatoes.
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171. One should expect to find cilia associated with the feeding apparatus of _____.
Annelids
Coral animals
Tapeworms
Sponges
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172. Fats are generally ________ at room temperature and are obtained from ________.
Solids; plants
Liquids; plants
Liquids; animals
Solids; animals
Answer
Correct Answer:
Solids; animals
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173. Binge eaters are not usaually ______?
Obesity.
Obsession.
Thin
Anorexia nervosa
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174. Among vertebrates, the unique feature of lampreys and hagfish is the ______.
The presence of hair
The amniotic egg
Absence of jaws
Chimpanzees
Answer
Correct Answer:
Absence of jaws
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175. A skeletal muscle deprived of adequate atp supplies will _____
Enter a state where actin and myosin are unable to separate
'fire many more action potentials than usual and enter a state of ''rigor'''
Sequester all free calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Enter a state where actin and myosin are unable to separate
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176. A horse eating some hay is an example of ________.
An autotroph eating a producer
An autotroph eating a consumer
A consumer eating a producer
A consumer eating a heterotroph
Answer
Correct Answer:
A consumer eating a producer
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177. Populations in which the probability of dying is constant at every age exemplify ________.
Type II survivorship
Type III survivorship
Arithmetic growth
Natural selection
Answer
Correct Answer:
Type II survivorship
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178. Hazardous substances ______________ while toxins are ______________.
React with specific cell components to kill cells; poisonous substances
Are dangerous substances; poisonous substances
Are usually of concern at all concentrations; are dangerous substances
All of these are true.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are dangerous substances; poisonous substances
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179. Milgram's studies explored _______; asch's studies explored _______.
Obedience; conformity.
Conformity; norm formation.
Obedience; norm formatio
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Obedience; conformity.
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180. The absence of ______ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on earth.
CH4
N2
O2
CO2
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181. The ability to tolerate lactose throughout life is most likely to be seen in ______.
Populations that live in cold climates
Populations that live in wet climates
Cultures that keep dairy herds
Native Americans
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cultures that keep dairy herds
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182. To enter or leave any cell, substances must pass through _____.
The plasma membrane
Ribosomes
Lack a nucleus
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
The plasma membrane
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183. The viscosity of magma depends on its _______.
Pahoehoe
Temperature
Magnetism
Pyroclastic flow
Answer
Correct Answer:
Temperature
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184. The transfer of fluid from the glomerulus to bowman's capsule _____.
Results from active transport
Transfers large molecules as easily as small ones
Is very selective as to which subprotein-sized molecules are transferred
Is mainly a consequence of blood pressure in the capillaries of the glomerulus
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is mainly a consequence of blood pressure in the capillaries of the glomerulus
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185. The term alkaline reserve is used to describe the ________ buffer system.
Phosphate
Hemoglobin
Bicarbonate
Protein
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bicarbonate
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186. The structures called snrnps are __________.
Involved in the removal of exons from DNA
Part of a spliceosome
All of the listed responses are correct.
A critical component of the initiation complex
A type of specialized carbohydrate
Answer
Correct Answer:
Part of a spliceosome
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187. The species extinctions taking place today are being caused by ____ activities.
Human
Volcanic
Plate tectonic
Extraterrestrial
Geothermal
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188. The sodium-potassium pump is called an electrogenic pump because it ________.
Pumps equal quantities of Na+ and K+ across the membrane
Pumps hydrogen ions out of the cell
Contributes to the membrane potential
Ionizes sodium and potassium atoms
Is used to drive the transport of other molecules against a concentration gradient
Answer
Correct Answer:
Contributes to the membrane potential
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189. The skin helps eliminate waste from the body through ______.
Striation
Respiration
Irritation
Perspiration
Answer
Correct Answer:
Perspiration
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190. The shells of clams and other mollusks _____.
Dissolve when the pH becomes more basic
Dissolve when the pH becomes more acidic
Melt when the temperature increases
Bleach when the temperature increases
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dissolve when the pH becomes more acidic
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191. The science that describes populations is called _____.
Gerontology
Psychology
Demography
Geography
Answer
Correct Answer:
Demography
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192. The rosy periwinkle from madagascar is important because _________.
It contains alkaloids that inhibit cancer cell growth
Minimal viable population
Drawn into an extinction vortex
Constructed nesting cavities at new sites
Answer
Correct Answer:
It contains alkaloids that inhibit cancer cell growth
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193. The rods of the retina ________.
Are sensitive to bright light
Are enable us to see in dark ligh
Are enable us to see in low ligh
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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194. The respiratory system of most insects and spiders is called the _____ system.
Spiracle
Tracheal
Airflow
Arthropod
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195. The process of obtaining food is known as _____ and requires specialized mouthparts.
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Excretion
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ingestion
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196. The primary nerve which transmits the sensations of smell is the _____ nerve.
Olfary
Olfactory
Optic
Auditory
Answer
Correct Answer:
Olfactory
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197. The presence of reducing sugars _______.
Means that amylase has been denatured
Is detected using Benedict's reagent
Is detected using IKI
Means that the substrate is present
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is detected using Benedict's reagent
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198. The oceanic zone is _____
Mostly photic
Mostly aphotic
Mostly benthic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mostly aphotic
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199. The natural differences in the ranges of wild tigers and lions is an example of ______.
A pre-zygotic barrier
Sympatric speciation
Analogous to
Geographic isolation
Answer
Correct Answer:
A pre-zygotic barrier
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200. The medical term for itching is _____.
purulent
Pertussis
Pruritus
Purpura
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201. The main function of _____ tissue is communication between different parts of the body.
Nervous
Connective
Synapse
None of these
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202. The main differences in genetic make-up between archaea and eubacteria are _____.
Gene sequences of rRNA
Cell membrane properties
Enzymes and metabolic pathways
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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203. The interactions that occur in a pond are part of a(n) _____.
Community
Organism
Ecosystem
Population
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ecosystem
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204. The formation of a new species can result from _____.
Evolution
Organism
Ecosystem
Population
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evolution
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205. The first multicellular eukaryotic organisms to use the oxygen on earth were _____.
Green algae
Plate Tectonics
Roots
Chordate
Answer
Correct Answer:
Green algae
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206. The first genetic material on earth was probably _____.
Oligopeptides located within protobionts
Self-replicating RNA molecules
DNA molecules whose information was transcribed to RNA and later translated in polypeptides
DNA produced by reverse transcriptase from abiotically produced RNA
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self-replicating RNA molecules
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207. The eye muscles have a ratio of about ____ axon(s) per ____ muscle fiber(s).
Two; three
one; three
three; two
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two; three
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208. The extracellular matrix is a coating found on the outside of _____.
Animal cells
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Plant cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Animal cells
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209. The energy source for chemosynthesis in the deep sea vent community is _______.
Water
Glucose
Carbon dioxide
Hydrogen sulfide
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrogen sulfide
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210. The division of earth's history into smaller units makes up the ____.
Eras
Periods
Geologic time scale
Sequence of events
Answer
Correct Answer:
Geologic time scale
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211. The cysts of giardia function most like the _____.
Mitochondria of ancestral diplomonads
Nuclei of archaeans
Endospores of bacteria
Capsids of viruses
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endospores of bacteria
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212. The common ancestor of all animals is likely to have been a(n) ______.
Colonial
Flagellated protist
Both
None of these
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213. The average population growth rate for developed nations is _____.
0.9%
1.5%
0.1%
0.7%
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214. The average conversion energy from producers to primary consumers is _______.
1%
10%
50%
100%
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215. The arthropod skeleton is composed of ________.
Chitin
Cuticle
Suberin
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216. The animals in salt marshes use the marshes for _______
Breeding grounds
Nurseries
Protected habitats
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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217. The abo blood types are an example of ____.
multiple alleles
Codominance
Both
None of these
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218. The _______ is the area in which sediment is deposited along the shore.
Cave
Beach
Current
Cove
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219. The _____ separate in meiosis i; the _____ separate in meiosis ii.
Homologous chromosomes ... sister chromatids
Asexual...mitosis
Cytokinesis...telophase
Anaphase...metaphase
Answer
Correct Answer:
Homologous chromosomes ... sister chromatids
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220. The ____ horizon has smaller rock and mineral particles than the other layers.
A horizon
B horizon
C horizon
D horizon
Answer
Correct Answer:
A horizon
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221. Sugars dissolve well in water because of water's ______
Ionic bonds
Polarity
Cohesiveness
Hydrophobic exclusion
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222. Squamous cells are part of _____ tissue and are _____ shaped.
Epithelial; square
Epithelial; connective; cube
Nervous; column
Epithelial; cube
Answer
Correct Answer:
Epithelial; square
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223. Silicon dioxide forms the cell walls of _____.
Diatoms
Insects
Plants
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224. Ribosomes are a collection of _______ that are needed for _______.
Small proteins; translation
Proteins and small RNAs; translation
Proteins and tRNAs; transcription
Proteins and mRNAs; translation
MRNAs and tRNAs; translation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Proteins and small RNAs; translation
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225. Reptiles first appeared during the _____ era.
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Paleozoic
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226. Reproductive separation may result in the _____ of two different species.
Evolution
Interbreeding
Adaptation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evolution
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227. Point mutations in the dna sequence do not cause _____ mutations.
Silent mutations
Missense mutations
Nonsense mutations
Frameshift mutations
Transversion mutations
Answer
Correct Answer:
Frameshift mutations
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228. Pleiotropic genes ____.
Act on secondary sexual characteristics
Influence more than one aspect of phenotype
are additive
produce lethal effects when homozygous
can only affect one trait or characteristic at a time
Answer
Correct Answer:
Influence more than one aspect of phenotype
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229. Plants maintain homeostasis by _____.
Opening and closing stomata
Converting excess sugar molecules to a lesser number of starch molecules
Excreting waste through the cell membrane
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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230. Paleontology, the study of fossils, was developed by __________.
Georges Cuvier
James Hutton
Charles Lyell
Charles Darwin
Aristotle
Answer
Correct Answer:
Georges Cuvier
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231. Organisms use _____ to do work, grow, and change.
Ecology
Energy
Tissue
Proteins
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232. Organisms belonging to the same _____ would be the most closely related.
Order
Family
Class
Kingdom
Phylum
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233. Organism is to community as organ is to _____.
Organ system
Cell
Tissue
Organelles
Answer
Correct Answer:
Organ system
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234. Okazaki fragments are formed because dna replication __________.
Is discontinuous on the lagging strand
Physical breaks in chromosomes
It serves as the template for DNA replication.
The structural genes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is discontinuous on the lagging strand
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235. Ocean ridges form as a result of _______.
Upwelling of magma from the asthenosphere
A direct command or order
Ingroup favoritism
Punishment on learning
Answer
Correct Answer:
Upwelling of magma from the asthenosphere
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236. Net primary productivity is greatest on land ________.
In the tropics
Biomass
Energy
Tomatoes
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the tropics
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237. Mutations _____.
Cannot be caused by the environment
Are the main sources of microevolution
Can be discovered through genetic testing
Are always harmful to an organism
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can be discovered through genetic testing
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238. Most of the productivity of the ocean occurs in (on) the _____________.
Uppermost layer of the ocean called the photic zone
Oceans have a high heat capacity and change temperature slowly
Tropical areas receive the greatest amount of solar radiation
The structures provide shelter and safety for fish.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Uppermost layer of the ocean called the photic zone
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239. Most marine protected areas ________.
Are along the coastlines of developed nations
Refers to the accidental capture of animals
Are in the open oceans
Have been established without the consent
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are along the coastlines of developed nations
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240. Molecular evidence suggests that _____.
Chimpanzees
Bonobos
Gorillas are more closely related to humans than they are to orangutans or gibbons
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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241. Mitochondrial dna is passed from _____ to _____.
Mothers; sons and daughters
Destruction of folate; pigment
Homo erectus; pigment
Pigment; melanocytes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mothers; sons and daughters
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242. Microtubules are associated with ______.
CIlia
Flagella
Cell Shape
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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243. Members of the same population _____.
Cannot interbreed under natural conditions
Share a common gene pool
Have the same phenotype
Share the same genotype
Answer
Correct Answer:
Share a common gene pool
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244. Meiosis ii and mitosis are similar in that _____________ are pulled apart in anaphase.
Sister chromatids
Metaphase
Homologous chromosomes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sister chromatids
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245. Marine organisms are classified according to how they _____.
Live and move
Eat and digest
Move
Live
Answer
Correct Answer:
Live and move
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246. Many types of foraminiferans form a symbiotic relationship with _____
Algae
Diatoms
Ciliate
Stramenopila
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247. Many living organisms respond to things in the environment called _____.
Life
Observations
Stimuli
Obstacles
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248. Low blood pressure causes the kidneys to increase the secretion of ____________ from the JG cells.
Metabolism
Disorders
Renin
Distal CT
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249. Loss of ""flying foxes"" would impact ecosystem diversity because ________.
These bats are important pollinators and seed dispersers in the Pacific Islands and their loss would harm plant diversity
Conservation biologists could introduce just two new bears each decade from another population
Individuals generally have a better chance of reproducing by remaining behind than by dispersing and excavating homes in new territories.
A decrease in fertility due to lack of genetic diversity in the population
Answer
Correct Answer:
These bats are important pollinators and seed dispersers in the Pacific Islands and their loss would harm plant diversity
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250. Ions diffuse across membranes through specific ion channels down _____
Their electrochemical gradients
Peripheral proteins
Phagocytosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Their electrochemical gradients
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251. In the soil, some ______ convert nitrogen to a form that can be used by plants.
Protists
Animals
Protozoans
Prokaryotes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prokaryotes
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252. In the concept of the food chain, the fundamental unit consists of ________.
Bacteria
Plants
Humans
Secondary consumers
Predators
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253. In negative control, a gene is switched off when _____.
A kinase adds a phosphate to DNA
Lactose is transported into the cell
A regulatory protein binds to DNA and shuts down transcription
A regulatory protein is removed from DNA and shuts down transcription
Answer
Correct Answer:
A regulatory protein binds to DNA and shuts down transcription
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254. In eukaryotic cells, the rna is processed before it leaves the nucleus. this processing __________.
Includes the addition of a cap and tail
Which protect the mRNA molecule from enzymatic attack
The removal of introns
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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255. In eukaryotic cells a terminator in mrna synthesis is _____
Introns are cut out of the primary transcript, and the resulting exons are spliced together.
Exons are transcribed, but the RNA transcribed from introns does not leave the nucleus.
A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that signals the RNA polymerase to stop
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that signals the RNA polymerase to stop
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256. One of the primary functions of rna molecules is to _____.
Function in the synthesis of proteins
Act as a pattern or blueprint to form DNA.
Make a copy of itself, thus ensuring genetic continuity.
Transmit genetic information to offspring.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Function in the synthesis of proteins
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257. The ______ is most commonly found in nature.
Hybrid
Wild-type trait
Linked
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wild-type trait
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258. Specific gravity is a(n) _____ of the amount of substances dissolved in urine.
Measure
Amount
Count
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259. Organisms that consume producers are ______.
Detritivores
Producers
Decomposers
Primary consumers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Primary consumers
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260. Urine, at ph 6, contains __________ h+ as household bleach, at ph 13.
Heat of vaporization
It has decreased by 10,000 times
Cohesion and adhesion
10,000,000 times as much
Answer
Correct Answer:
10,000,000 times as much
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261. Under ideal conditions, prokaryotes are capable of reproducing at a(n) ________ rate.
Hypergeometric
Exponential
Infinite
Arithmetic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exponential
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262. Type i survivorship curves are typical of species that exhibit ______.
Many offspring and good parental care
An intermediate number of offspring and an intermediate level of parental care
Many offspring and poor parental care
Few offspring and good parental care
Answer
Correct Answer:
Few offspring and good parental care
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263. Movement down a concentration gradient means that the substance is moving ________.
From an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
A cell membrane is made of phospholipids and proteins
A cell wall is impermeable
A cell membrane is permeable
Answer
Correct Answer:
From an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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264. In the parasympathetic division, postganglionic neurons originate in __________.
Intramural ganglia or ganglia associated with the target organs
Increase or decrease of activity
Acetylcholine is quickly destroyed
Inside the tissues of visceral organs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intramural ganglia or ganglia associated with the target organs
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265. In c4 and cam plants carbon dioxide is fixed in the _____ of mesophyll cells.
Cytoplasm
Stroma
Grana
Stomata
Thylakoids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytoplasm
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266. In animals, meiosis __________.
Produces four gamete cells
Produces three gamete cells
Produces two gamete cells
Produces seven gamete cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produces four gamete cells
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267. In animals, individual cells are grouped into ________.
Organs
Tissues
Organisms
Organ systems
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268. In animal cells, ____ is (are) usually a one-way path.
ATP and NADPH
Differentiation
Microvilli
Transcription
Answer
Correct Answer:
Differentiation
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269. If you wanted to try and identify or classify archaea or eubacteria, you would _____
Starfish, earthworms,tunicates, octopus, and grasshopper.
Study their habitat, study their genetic make-up, study their shape and arrangement, conduct Gram staining, study how they move
Fragmentation, and budding
Radial symmetry, acoelomates, asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Study their habitat, study their genetic make-up, study their shape and arrangement, conduct Gram staining, study how they move
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270. If the parent genotypes are aa and aa, the offspring are expected to be _____.
All round and yellow
Are distributed to separate gametes
False
1/4 AA, 1/2 Aa, 1/4 aa
Answer
Correct Answer:
1/4 AA, 1/2 Aa, 1/4 aa
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271. If the blastopore does not form, ________.
Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm; bilateral
The archenteron would not form
They are multicellular eukaryotes.
Ectoderm and an endoderm; radial
Answer
Correct Answer:
The archenteron would not form
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272. Hypoxia can be caused by ______.
As a bicarbonate ion in plasma
Hyposecretion of erythropoietin
Intrapulmonary pressure change
Ventilation-perfusion coupling
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hyposecretion of erythropoietin
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273. Hyphae are _____.
Reproductive cells
Food storage cells
Cross-walls
Thin filaments
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thin filaments
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274. Gneiss is a foliated metamorphic rock. it was formed from _____.
Equal pressure
Directed pressure
Confining pressure
Chemical reactions
Answer
Correct Answer:
Directed pressure
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275. Glycogenesis is stimulated by __________, whereas glycogenolysis is stimulated by __________.
Insulin; glucagon and epinephrine
Insulin; aldosterone
Growth hormone; glucagon and epinephrine
Growth hormone; cortisol
Growth hormone; insulin
Answer
Correct Answer:
Insulin; glucagon and epinephrine
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276. Frontal lobe neurons that fire when observing the behavior of others are called __________.
Reflective neurons
Mirror neurons
Replica neurons
Mimicking neurons
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mirror neurons
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277. Fossils are found only in _____.
Extrusive igneous rocks
Sedimentary rocks
Intrusive igneous rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sedimentary rocks
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278. Fossilized stromatolites __________.
Resemble structures formed by bacterial communities that are found today in some warm, shallow, salty bays
All date from 2.7 billion years ago
Formed around deep-sea vents
Provide evidence that plants moved onto land in the company of fungi around 500 million years ago
Contain the first undisputed fossils of eukaryotes and date from 2.1 billion years ago
Answer
Correct Answer:
Resemble structures formed by bacterial communities that are found today in some warm, shallow, salty bays
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279. Evidence of the endosymbiotic theory was found in the _____
Nucleus and cytoplasm
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria and chloroplasts
Nucleus and chloroplasts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mitochondria and chloroplasts
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280. Eukaryotic cells have their dna enclosed in the _____.
Plasma membrane
Nucleus
Nucleoid
Nuclear envelope
Nucleotide
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281. Epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation _____ inherited by daughter cells and are _____.
Can be; often reversible and responsive to environmental change
Females randomly inactivating one X chromosome in each cell.
Likely to be normal color vision.
Likely to be normal color vision.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can be; often reversible and responsive to environmental change
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282. Energy must be transformed in ecosystems because _______.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
An organism's energy must go somewhere
An organism's energy must come from somewhere
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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283. Electrons tend to have more potential energy when ____.
They are in electron shells close to the nucleus
They are close to protons
They are in electron shells far from the nucleus
They are in the nucleus
Answer
Correct Answer:
They are in electron shells far from the nucleus
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284. During isovolumetric contraction, the pressure in the ventricles __________.
Falls rapidly
Rises rapidly
Remains constant.
Rises and then falls.
Falls and then rises.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rises rapidly
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285. Your field of vision is greatly reduced by________________________.
Speed
Distance
Time
None
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286. When food enters the small intestine, a hormone stimulates the release of ______ from the pancreas.
Bicarbonate
Lymphatic
Mitochondria.
Epiglottis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bicarbonate
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287. Your vertebral column is ___________ to your heart.
Dorsal
Impotant
Compulsory
None of these
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288. Your body's "thermostat" is called the _____.
Bone marrow
Pituitary gland
Hypothalamus
Capillaries
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hypothalamus
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289. You know that this cell is in a(n) _____ solution because it _____.
Hypertonic solution ... lost water
Hypotonic ... swelled
Greater ... hypertonic
Heat, carbon dioxide, and water
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hypotonic ... swelled
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290. Within the lungs, the ____________ separates the capillary blood from the alveolar air.
Respiratory Membrane
Capillary
Capillary Wall
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Respiratory Membrane
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291. Which of the following is not true? both chloroplasts and mitochondria _____.
Have their own DNA
Have multiple membranes
Are part of the endomembrane system
Are capable of reproducing themselves
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are part of the endomembrane system
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292. When an rna strand forms using dna as a template, _____.
As fuel simple sugar molecules are a major fuel for cellular work.
Uracil pairs with adenine and cytosine pairs with guanine
Both are important components of cell membranes.
Sucrose, normal table sugar, is the most common disaccharide.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Uracil pairs with adenine and cytosine pairs with guanine
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293. When a skeletal muscle contracts, the __________ is pulled toward the __________.
Insertion; origin
Origin;insertion
Both could happen
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Insertion; origin
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294. When an adp molecule gains a phosphate, it becomes an atp molecule. this process is called _____.
Thermodynamics
False; first
Phosphorylation
Mitochondria
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phosphorylation
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295. You can identify or classify archaea and eubacteria by _____.
Viruses have to infect a living cell in order to reproduce
Rickettsia
Habitat, means of existance, genetic make-up, shape and arrangement of cells, how they move
Archaean biochemistry is more similar to that of eukaryotes than that of eubacteria
Answer
Correct Answer:
Habitat, means of existance, genetic make-up, shape and arrangement of cells, how they move
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296. White blood cells and ____ carry out innate immune responses
Sickle-cell anemia
Prostaglandins
Defensive proteins
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Defensive proteins
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297. Used fuel assemblies are typically considered _______.
Low-level waste
Uranium mill tailing
High-level waste
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
High-level waste
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298. Topic and purpose and attention-getting material are all components of the _______________________.i
Nformation
Organization
Voice
Introduction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Introduction
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299. "robert hook's discovery helped scientists learn more about _____.
Cells
Tissues
Parts
All of above
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300. Reforestation projects are driven by _______.
Altruism and greed
Profit-seeking businesses
Nonprofit groups and government mandates
Logging companies planning for future harvests
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nonprofit groups and government mandates
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301. Most modern workers _________.
Will change their careers, but not their jobs
Will change their jobs, but not their careers.
Will change both their jobs and careers
Will change neither their jobs nor their careers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Will change both their jobs and careers
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302. In the following formula: =if(a1=""yes"", ""done"", ""restart""), what happens if a1= no? _____
The formula returns the text "NO. RESTART"
The formula returns the text "DONEN
The formula returns the text "NO".
.The formula returns the text "RESTART"
Answer
Correct Answer:
.The formula returns the text "RESTART"
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303. Dr. bronson treats anxiety disorders with xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy.
Biomath
Biomedical
Both a and b
None of above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Biomedical
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304. Bone and blood cells are considered _____.
Specialized cells
Tissues
Organs
Prokaryotic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Specialized cells
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305. Bottom trawling is considered destructive because _______
.it destroys sea floor habitats
It depletes fish populations
It shatters deep-sea coral
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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306. As a result of excessive vomiting, people with bulimia nervosa often have low _______ levels
.vitamin A levels
Niacin levels
Chloride levels
Calcium levels
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chloride levels
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307. At construction sites workers often reduce erosion by ____
Moving excess sediment back to its original location
Planting trees
Spraying water on bare soil
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Moving excess sediment back to its original location
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308. Alcohol plus ___________ increases drowsiness confusion and anxiety
ANTIBIOTICS
ANTIHISTAMINES
ANTIALLERGY
MARIJUANA
Answer
Correct Answer:
ANTIHISTAMINES
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309. A division is always associated with _____. plants animals plants or animals plants and animals
Plants
Things
Air
None of these
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310. __________ transfers substances to the brain faster than when a drug is injected or swallowed.
Smoking
Eating
Inhalation
Snorting
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311. You might be passed over for a promotion due to your image if you __________.
Speak eloquently and without verbal tics
Dress as well as your supervisors do every day
Keep personal pictures publicly available online
All of above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Keep personal pictures publicly available online
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312. The bridge of the nose is ____ to the eyes
Medial
Lateral
Egalitarian
None of these
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313. In eukaryotes, homologous recombination is initiated by ________.
ATM signaling double-stranded DNA breaks
P53 generating single-stranded DNA breaks
Spo11 generating double-stranded DNA breaks
RecA, RecB, and RecC generating single-stranded DNA breaks
Rad51 generating double-stranded DNA breaks
Answer
Correct Answer:
Spo11 generating double-stranded DNA breaks
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314. Eukaryotic processing of the primary transcript includes __________.
The addition of a 5ꞌ cap, a 3ꞌ poly-A tail, and the splicing out of introns
Spo11 generating double-stranded DNA breaks
RecA, RecB, and RecC generating single-stranded DNA breaks
Rad51 generating double-stranded DNA breaks
Answer
Correct Answer:
The addition of a 5ꞌ cap, a 3ꞌ poly-A tail, and the splicing out of introns
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315. The cycle of infection begins with the establishment of the pathogen in the ____.
Means of entrance
Reservoir host
Susceptible host
Means of transmission
Means of exit
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reservoir host
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316. The correct sequence of events occurring during transcription is ______.
Splicing, capping, tailing
Initiation, elongation, termination
Tailing, capping, splicing
Elongation, initiation, termination
Answer
Correct Answer:
Initiation, elongation, termination
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317. The urinary system works in homeostasis with the respiratory system in ________ .
Removing impurities from the lungs
Creating vitamin D
Forming red blood cells
Washing pathogens from the urethra
Maintaining an appropriate acid-base relationship
Answer
Correct Answer:
Maintaining an appropriate acid-base relationship
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318. Osmoregulators have _____ internal solute concentrations compared to their external environment.
Always lower
Different
Always higher
The same
Answer
Correct Answer:
Different
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319. Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through a(n) _____.
Microtubule
Microfilament
Plasmodesmata
Tight junction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plasmodesmata
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320. Increased antidiuretic hormone (adh) secretion is likely after _____.
Drinking lots of pure water
Sweating-induced dehydration increases plasma osmolarity
Eating a small sugary snack
Blood pressure becomes abnormally high
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sweating-induced dehydration increases plasma osmolarity
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321. In the diagram below, "a" is _____ ; "b" is _____.
The common ancestor of all life; the last common ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya
Be drawn into an extinction vortex; involves only collection of quantitative data
Involves only collection of quantitative data; the common ancestor of all life
The common ancestor of all life; does not need to be repeated if well designed
Answer
Correct Answer:
The common ancestor of all life; the last common ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya
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322. _____ use resources and scientific information to design ways to solve problems.
Engineers
Technicians
Workers
Doctor
Answer
Correct Answer:
Engineers
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323. Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum include ______
Steroid synthesis, protein synthesis, and drug detoxification
Lipid synthesis, protein synthesis, and drug detoxification
Lipid synthesis, steroid synthesis, and drug detoxification
Lipid synthesis, steroid synthesis, and protein synthesis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lipid synthesis, steroid synthesis, and drug detoxification
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324. Facilitated diffusion requires _____.
Membrane proteins
Transport proteins
Membrane pouch
Energy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transport proteins
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325. As a result of gerrymandering, _____ remains a problem in the u.s.
Economic inequality
Residential segregation
Racism
The digital racial divide
Answer
Correct Answer:
Residential segregation
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326. An action potential causes calcium ions to diffuse from the ________ into the ________.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum ; sarcolemma
Sarcoplasmic reticulum ; sarcoplasm
Sarcoplasm ; sarcoplasmic reticulum
Sarcoplasm ; sarcolemma
Sarcolemma ; sarcoplasm
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sarcoplasmic reticulum ; sarcoplasm
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327. An act of fertilization in which genetic information is transferred between cells is called _____.
Xternal fertilization
Internal fertilization
Conjugation
Pollination
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conjugation
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328. _______ are formed in intestinal cells after dietary fats have been absorbed.
Lips
Lipoprotein lipases
Chylomicrons
Sterols
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chylomicrons
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329. The sequence of ________________ in a dna molecule determines the protein that will be produced
Lipids
Nucleotides
Proteins
Eliminate
Sugars
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleotides
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330. Whenever energy is transformed, there is always an increase in the _____.
Free energy of the system
Free energy of the universe.
Entropy of the system
Entropy of the universe.
Enthalpy of the universe
Answer
Correct Answer:
Entropy of the universe.
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331. The rate at which a gas diffuses across a membrane is ___________ the thickness of the membrane.
Directly proportional to
Inversely proportional to
Equal to
Answer
Correct Answer:
Directly proportional to
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332. The kind and number of bonds an atom can form depends on ________.
Its atomic number
Its electron configuration
Its atomic mass
The number of particles in its nucleus
Answer
Correct Answer:
Its electron configuration
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333. One way to detect alternative splicing of transcripts from a given gene is to _____.
Compare the sequences of different mRNAs made from the given gene
Measure the relative rates of transcription of the given gene compared to that of a gene known to be constitutively spliced
Compare the DNA sequence of the given gene to that of a similar gene in a related organism
Compare the sequences of different primary transcripts made from the given gene
Answer
Correct Answer:
Compare the sequences of different mRNAs made from the given gene
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334. Once staining and rinsing are complete, you will dry the slide by _______.
Passing it through the Bunsen burner flame
Letting it air dry
Pressing it between sheets of lens paper
Pressing it between sheets of bibulous paper
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pressing it between sheets of bibulous paper
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335. Nucleotides are joined by a __________ to form the dna and rna polymers that function in the cell.
Sugar-base linkage
Base-phosphate linkage
Sugar-base-phosphate linkage
Sugar-phosphate linkage
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sugar-phosphate linkage
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336. Most of the oxygen exiting the blood and entering the tissues does so from the ________.
Arteries
Heart
Veins
Capillaries
Answer
Correct Answer:
Capillaries
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337. Many types of epithelial cells perform the function of __________
Support
Secretion
Conduction
Contraction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Secretion
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338. In yeast signal transduction, a yeast cell releases a mating factor which _____.
Acts back on the same cell that secreted the mating factor, changing its development
Passes through the membranes of neighboring cells, binds to DNA, and initiates transcription
Binds to receptors on the membranes of other types of yeast cells
Diffuses through the membranes of distant cells, causing them to produce factors that initiate long-distance migrations
Answer
Correct Answer:
Binds to receptors on the membranes of other types of yeast cells
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339. In _______ cultures, people are less likely to perceive others in terms of personal dispositions.
Individualistic
Collectivistic
Religious
Secular
Answer
Correct Answer:
Collectivistic
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340. Fibrinogen is a protein produced in platelets that _____.
Prevents hemophilia
Carries oxygen
Creates blood clots
Fights infections
Answer
Correct Answer:
Creates blood clots
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341. Fat absorption through the plasma membrane of epithelial cells ________.
Is accomplished by cotransporters that use the concentration gradient of Na+ outside of the cells
Requires vesicular, active transport of the relatively large fatty acids and monoglyceride
Occurs by simple diffusion because lipids are able to penetrate the hydrophobic fatty acid tails within the plasma membrane
Requires enzymes attached to the brush border to further breakdown the fats
Answer
Correct Answer:
Occurs by simple diffusion because lipids are able to penetrate the hydrophobic fatty acid tails within the plasma membrane
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342. During the calvin cycle, carbon dioxide is _____ to drive the formation of sugars
Recycled.
Oxidized.
Reduced.
Produce
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343. During photosynthesis, an electron transport chain transports __________.
Electron from photosystem II to photosystem I
Excited electrons from P700 to an electron acceptor
Excited electrons from P680 to an electron acceptor
Excited electrons from P700 to an electron acceptor and transport excited electron from P680 to an electron acceptor
NADPH from the light reactions to the Calvin cycle
Answer
Correct Answer:
Electron from photosystem II to photosystem I
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344. During development embryonic cells will fuse to form muscle fibers. this will result in ________.
The coordination of nerve signals to muscle fibers
The striations that appear in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues
Multinucleated muscle fibers that can extend as long as 30 centimeters
Interlocking of cells that can prevent the filaments from sliding
Answer
Correct Answer:
Multinucleated muscle fibers that can extend as long as 30 centimeters
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345. During an auditory transduction, ion flow varies across the _____.
Hair cell membrane
Round-window membrane
Basilar membrane
Tectorial membrane
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hair cell membrane
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346. Differential gene expression is the result of different cells containing different ______.
Regulatory proteins
Genes
Nucleosomes
Regulatory sequences
Answer
Correct Answer:
Regulatory proteins
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347. Darwin's explanation of how adaptations arise centered on __________.
Natural selection
Genes
Nucleosomes
Regulatory sequences
Answer
Correct Answer:
Natural selection
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348. Circular orbital motion refers to _____.
Ocean currents
Tidal patterns
Water particles and the transfer of energy
The movement of sediment along coasts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water particles and the transfer of energy
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349. Characteristics of skeletal muscle fibers include all of the following except that __________.
Each fiber is striated
Each fiber is multinucleated
Each fiber contains a single nucleus
Skeletal muscle fibers are very large
Answer
Correct Answer:
Each fiber contains a single nucleus
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350. Cells store genetic information in dna. that genetic information is used to synthesize _______.
Genes
Carbohydrates
Polysaccharides
Proteins
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351. Carbon dioxide functions as a greenhouse gas because it _____.
Traps heat that has been radiated from Earth similar to the way the glass of a greenhouse traps heat
Tidal patterns
Water particles and the transfer of energy
The movement of sediment along coasts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Traps heat that has been radiated from Earth similar to the way the glass of a greenhouse traps heat
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352. Bioaccumulation is ________.
The process by which chemicals are stored in the tissues of living organisms
Traps heat that has been radiated from Earth similar to the way the glass of a greenhouse traps heat
Answer
Correct Answer:
The process by which chemicals are stored in the tissues of living organisms
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353. Bones lie __________ to muscles.
Deep
Genes
Carbohydrates
Polysaccharides
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354. Bacteria are the simplest single cells that _____
Include all cell parts and organelles
All have the same function are highly organized
Carry out all basic life activities
None
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carry out all basic life activities
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355. Antibodies are ___ proteins while antigens are ___ proteins.
Foreign; self-produced
Foreign; foreign
Self-produced; foreign
Self-produced; self-produced
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self-produced; foreign
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356. An electron microscope is usually used for microorganisms that are _____.
Too small to be seen with the unaided eye
Too small to be seen with an optical microscope
Not possible to observe with any instrument
Answer
Correct Answer:
Too small to be seen with an optical microscope
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357. All of the following are characteristics of insertion sequences elements except _______.
They are flanked by inverted repeats
They encode protein
There can be more than one copy of an IS element in a bacterial genome
A copy of the insertion sequence becomes integrated at a new location
Answer
Correct Answer:
A copy of the insertion sequence becomes integrated at a new location
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358. After translation is complete, the insulin polypeptide is activated by __________.
The cutting of the initial translation product to yield two shorter chains joined together by sulfur linkages
They encode protein
There can be more than one copy of an IS element in a bacterial genome
A copy of the insertion sequence becomes integrated at a new location
Answer
Correct Answer:
The cutting of the initial translation product to yield two shorter chains joined together by sulfur linkages
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359. A receptor potential large enough to generate an action potential is called __________.
A receptive field
Receptor specificity
Generator potential
All of the listed responses
Answer
Correct Answer:
Generator potential
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360. A page is to a book as a ___________ is to the genome
Double helix
Protein
Gene
Nucleotide
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361. A eukaryotic gene is typically associated with all of the following except __________.
Enhancers
Control elements
Introns and exons
An operator
A promoter
Answer
Correct Answer:
An operator
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362. A cladogram begins with a common _____________ of all the organisms represented above.
Ancestor
Evolution
Extinct
Traits
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363. A characteristic that is shared by snakes and birds is ________.
Being ectothermic
Amniotic egg
Being endothermic
The presence of only a single ovary in females
Answer
Correct Answer:
Amniotic egg
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364. A cell spends approximately _____ of its cycle in the m phase.
10%
30%
60%
90
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365. A _______ offers a bypass for a capillary bed.
Vasa vasorum
Metarteriole
Portal vein
Sinusoid
Throroughfare channel
Answer
Correct Answer:
Throroughfare channel
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366. __________ is the most prevalent glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix
Collagen
Microtubules
Microfilaments
Integrins
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367. Aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide have ________ effects on blood pressure.
Same
Opposite
Both A & B
None of the above
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368. The limbic system links the ________.
Eocortex with the hypothalamus/RAS
Respond slowly and are longer-lasting
Respond rapidly and are very brief
Respond slowly and are very brief
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eocortex with the hypothalamus/RAS
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369. The receptor cells for hearing lie within the ________ in the ________.
Scala media; spiral organ (organ of corti)
Eocortex; hypothalamus/RAS
Scala media; hypothalamus/RAS
Spiral organ (organ of corti); eocortex
Answer
Correct Answer:
Scala media; spiral organ (organ of corti)
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370. A chloroplast that is the result of secondary endosymbiosis would have _______ membrane(s).
One
Two
Three
Four
No
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371. Some archaea contribute to pollution and global warming with their release of _____.
Sulfur
Carbon
Nitrogen
Methane
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372. The immune system usually responds to _____ cells and molecules, but not _____ cells and molecules.
Self; nonself
Host; foreign
Host; self
Nonself; self
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nonself; self
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373. The sigma subunit of bacterial rna polymerase ___________________.
Contains the catalytic activity of the polymerase.
Remains part of the polymerase throughout transcription.
Recognizes promoter sites in the DNA.
Recognizes transcription termination sites in the DNA
Answer
Correct Answer:
Recognizes promoter sites in the DNA.
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374. Water potential (the potential energy of water) at a given location is determined by _____.
The force of gravity on the water
The presence or absence of cell walls
Physical pressure on water and the amount of solutes dissolved in it
The nature of solutes dissolved in water
Answer
Correct Answer:
Physical pressure on water and the amount of solutes dissolved in it
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375. Water is the least dense when it ________.
Freezes
Is at room temperature
Is just above freezing
Is just below boiling
Evaporates
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376. Using the scientific method, a(n) _____ must be tested as the focus of any experiment.
Observation
Hypothesis
Conclusion
Law
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hypothesis
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377. Under a microscope, gram-negative bacteria (when dyed with the gram stain) appear _____.
Yellow
Pink
Purple
Green
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378. Traits used to determine relatedness among organisms must __________.
Be very old
Be rare
Be heritable
Be very common
Answer
Correct Answer:
Be heritable
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379. The value of the _____ function at -2.99 is -2.
Chromatin
Centriole
Mitochondrion
Ribosome.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chromatin
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380. The production of genetically identical cells, organisms, or dna molecules is known as _________.
Cloning
Centriole
Mitochondrion
Ribosome
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381. The pr form of the phytochrome pigment has maximum absorption in the _____ part of the spectrum.
Red
Green
Yellow
Purple
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382. The phosphorylation of adp to form atp is an _____ reaction that _____ energy.
Endergonic ... requires an input of
Endergonic ... continually
Requires an input of ... constantly
Alwasy ... requires an input of
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endergonic ... requires an input of
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383. The osmoregulatory process called secretion refers to the _____.
Reabsorption of nutrients from a filtrate
Selective elimination of excess ions and toxins from body fluids
Formation of an osmotic gradient along an excretory structure
Expulsion of urine from the body
Answer
Correct Answer:
Selective elimination of excess ions and toxins from body fluids
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384. The longest-lived stars are expected to undergo fusion reactions for _____ years.
Thousand
A million
A billion
A trillion
Thousands of trillions of
Answer
Correct Answer:
A trillion
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385. The logistic growth model differs from the exponential growth model in that it _____.
Expresses the effects of population-limiting factors on exponential growth
A post-transcriptional mechanism to regulate mRNA
The stimulation of translation by initiation factors
Post-translational control that activates certain proteins
Answer
Correct Answer:
Expresses the effects of population-limiting factors on exponential growth
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386. The kidneys are stimulated to produce renin ________.
When the peritubular capillaries are dilated
When the pH of the urine decreases
By a decrease in the blood pressure
When the specific gravity of urine rises above 1.10
Answer
Correct Answer:
By a decrease in the blood pressure
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387. The functioning of enhancers is an example of _____.
Transcriptional control of gene expression
A post-transcriptional mechanism to regulate mRNA
The stimulation of translation by initiation factors
Post-translational control that activates certain proteins
A eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transcriptional control of gene expression
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388. The function of the basilar membrane is most similar to that of the _____ in vision.
Retina
Cornea
Eyelids
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389. The function of cellular respiration is to __________
Break down glucose to form energy.
A post-transcriptional mechanism to regulate mRNA
The stimulation of translation by initiation factors
Post-translational control that activates certain proteins
Answer
Correct Answer:
Break down glucose to form energy.
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390. The form of circulatory shock known as hypovolemic shock is ________.
Shock that results from large-scale loss of blood volume, or after severe vomiting or diarrhea
Always fatal
The form of shock caused by anaphylaxis
Any condition in which blood vessels are inadequately filled and blood cannot circulate normally
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shock that results from large-scale loss of blood volume, or after severe vomiting or diarrhea
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391. The cross bridge cycle starts when _________.
Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum binds to tropomyosin
ATP binds to troponin and is hydrolyzed to ADP and Pi
Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum binds to troponin
Acetylcholine diffuses away from the synaptic cleft
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum binds to troponin
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392. The connection between form and ______ is a basic concept of biology.
Function
Auxin
Gibberellin
Cytokinin
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393. The chemical that promotes phototropism is _____.
Auxin
Gibberellin
Cytokinin
Abscisic acid (ABA
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394. The best definition of the medical word parathyroid is ________.
Abnormal thyroid
Above the thyroid
Two parts of a pair on the thyroid
Disease of the thyroid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two parts of a pair on the thyroid
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395. Prior to lipase digestion of triglycerides, the solution would be _______.
More basic
More acidic
Less alkaline
More acidic and less alkaline
Answer
Correct Answer:
More basic
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396. Osmotic pressure resulting from presence of plasma proteins in blood is called ________ pressure.
Oncotic and Colloid Osmotic pressure.
A part could die and be removed
They could eat unicellar organisms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Oncotic and Colloid Osmotic pressure.
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397. Multicellular organisms arose because _____.
A part could die and be removed
They could eat unicellar organisms
Unicellar organisms began to die offwith the oxygen filled atmosphere
Answer
Correct Answer:
They could eat unicellar organisms
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398. Most amphibians have an aquatic larval form with _____ and a terrestrial adult form with _____.
Lungs; gills
Gills; lungs
Gills; gas exchange through the skin
Lungs; lungs
Gas exchange through the skin; lungs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gills; lungs
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399. Microorganisms are typically ____-celled and consist of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.
Single
Shoot tip
Root tip
Vascular cambium
Phloem
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400. Mesenchymal cells are most commonly found in ________ connective tissue.
Embryonic
Shoot tip
Root tip
Phloem
Answer
Correct Answer:
Embryonic
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401. Meristematic cells called the _____ add width to the plant body.
Shoot tip
Root tip
Vascular cambium
Phloem
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vascular cambium
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402. In the appendicular skeleton, the pectoral girdle is made up of the __________ and the __________.
Clavicle ;scapula
Lungs; gills
Gills; lungs
Lungs; lungs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clavicle ;scapula
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403. If a stimulus opens ligand-gated sodium ion channels, the neuron will __________.
Depolarize
Are larger
Are smaller
Do not have membranes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Depolarize
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404. If a scientist needs to put new dna into a bacterium, she must _____ the bacterium.
Transform
Are larger
Are smaller
Do not have membranes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transform
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405. If a plant variety is true-breeding for a dominant trait, then __________.
If the plant were allowed to self-pollinate, the dominant and recessive traits would consistently appear in a 3:1 ratio among the progeny
The plant is heterozygous for the trait
If the plant were crossed with a heterozygote, one-half of the progeny would show the dominant trait, and one-half would show the recessive trait
If the plant were allowed to self-pollinate, all of the progeny would have the dominant trait
The variety is unable to mutate
Answer
Correct Answer:
If the plant were allowed to self-pollinate, all of the progeny would have the dominant trait
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406. Identifying characteristics of bacteria include _____
The presence and/or number of flagella
Gram staining
Shape and arrangement of cells
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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407. Desensitization is a cognitive phenomenon in which those exposed to violence tend to __________.
Behave more aggressively
Become numb to more violence
See violence as exceptional
Savor violent iconography
Answer
Correct Answer:
Become numb to more violence
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408. _____ have vision as good as that of humans.
Birds
Fish
Insects
Flatworms
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409. Click on the diagram to start the animation. in this animation the blue sphere represents _____.
RNA polymerase transcribes the genes of the lac operon
Lactose inactivates the repressor protein so that the lactose-utilization genes can be transcribed
Both
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lactose inactivates the repressor protein so that the lactose-utilization genes can be transcribed
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410. A dna specimen that contains 30% guanine has ________ thymine.
15%
20%
30%
60%
The amount of thymine cannot be determined
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411. A boundaryless organization is most likely to ________.
A boundary-less organization is most likely to:
Encourage hierarchical structure.
Avoid using cross-hierarchical teams.
Discourage participative decision-making practices.
Use 360-degree performance appraisals.
Replace empowered teams with departments
Answer
Correct Answer:
Use 360-degree performance appraisals.
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412. A/an ____ is an unfavorable response to a prescribed medical treatment.
nosocomial infection
functional disorder
iatrogenic illness
idiopathic disorder
Answer
Correct Answer:
functional disorder
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413. Carriers transport solutes across the plasma membrane by __________.
Cytokinesis
Out of the cell, against its concentration gradient
Changing shape as the solutes bind, causing the solutes to move across the membrane
In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane
Answer
Correct Answer:
Changing shape as the solutes bind, causing the solutes to move across the membrane
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414. ______ are the dominant herbivores of savanna ecosystems.
Antelopes
Zebras
Buffalo
Insects
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415. Cardiac enzymes are released from the heart into the blood when ________.
When there's heart damage or stress due to low oxygen
When there's no heart damage but stress due to low oxygen
When there's heart damage but no stress
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
When there's heart damage or stress due to low oxygen
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416. _____ have vision as good as that of humans. birds fish insects flatworms
Birds
Fish
Insects
Flatworms
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417. ____ can be used for different types of surgery.
Lenses
Lasers
Diffractions
Refractions
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418. Directional selection can be distinguished from disruptive selection by _______.
The elimination of extreme variations of traits
Selection for two extreme variations of a trait
The preservation of gene frequencies
Selection for one extreme variation of a trait
Answer
Correct Answer:
Selection for one extreme variation of a trait
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419. Determinant cleavage refers to the fact that the __________.
Developmental fate of each embryonic cell is determined very early
Ectoderm and an endoderm; radial
Flight evolved in pterosaurs and birds.
Divides protostomes into two taxa
Answer
Correct Answer:
Developmental fate of each embryonic cell is determined very early
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420. Cuticle, stomata, and vascular tissue are all key adaptations enabling land plants to _____.
Survive better in aquatic environments
Grow more quickly
Reproduce more quickly
Colonize land
Answer
Correct Answer:
Colonize land
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421. Crossing over is more likely to occur between genes that are ______ on a chromosome.
Close together
Far apart
Answer
Correct Answer:
Far apart
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422. Crossing over ____________ the number of recombinant offspring.
Increases
Decreases
Unkinked
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases
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423. Consider a molecule that can diffuse across a lipid bilayer. at equilibrium ____
The molecules no longer move due to a loss of thermal kinetic energy
The membrane is no longer permeable to the molecules and restricts their movement
The molecules (solutes) spontaneously form a micelle or vesicle
There is no change in the concentration of the molecule on either side of the membrane
Answer
Correct Answer:
There is no change in the concentration of the molecule on either side of the membrane
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424. Compared to the tropical rainforests, the temperate rainforests generally have __________.
Less biomass
More biomass
More broad-leaf trees
Locations near the equator
Answer
Correct Answer:
More biomass
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425. Clear-cutting ________.
Is a form of violent protest favored by radical environmental organizations
Removes all trees from an area
Restricts timber harvesting to mountaintops
Involves elimination of subsidies to farmers
Is harvesting trees from coastal areas only
Answer
Correct Answer:
Removes all trees from an area
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426. Chemical reactions are more likely to happen when _____.
Electrons are in an excited state
Electrons are in the lowest possible energy level
Electrons are part of a full octet
Electrons are in the ground state
Answer
Correct Answer:
Electrons are in an excited state
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427. Cellular respiration does not produce _____.
Glucose
Water
ATP
Carbon dioxide
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428. Cells that have their own unique structures and functions are _____.
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Specialized cells
Unicellular
Answer
Correct Answer:
Specialized cells
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429. Carpal tunnel syndrome can cause ____.
May increase the likelihood of violence in the real world, but to date the studies are not conclusive
The digital information generated about a person by organizations
A numb sensation in the wrists and hands
Adjusting the angle of a keyboard for comfort
Answer
Correct Answer:
A numb sensation in the wrists and hands
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430. Carbon dioxide levels in the blood and blood ph are _______.
Inversely proportional to each other
Directly proportional to the amount of oxygen
Independent of each other
Directly proportional to each other
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inversely proportional to each other
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431. Both repressible and inducible operons control gene expression at the level of __________.
Transcription
Translation
Post-transcriptional processing
Post-translational processing
DNA packing
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transcription
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432. Biology is to science as ________ is to ________.
College baseball; professional baseball
Basketball; sports
American soccer; european football
The home team; the visiting team
Answer
Correct Answer:
American soccer; european football
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433. Because the smooth er does not contain ____, it cannot produce proteins.
Golgi bodies
mitochondria
ribosomes
DNA
Lysosomes
Answer
Correct Answer:
ribosomes
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434. Based on fossil evidence, eukaryotes evolved about ________ years ago.
500,000
1 billion
1.8 billion
3.5 billion
Answer
Correct Answer:
1.8 billion
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435. Bacteriophage have a ________ complex structure than animal viruses, because ________.
Less / there prokaryotic cells have a simple structure compared to eukaryotic cells
More / bacteriophages must be coated by lipopolysaccharide to attach to bacterial cells
More / the bacteriophage must penetrate the peptidoglycan cell wall
Less / the bacteriophage does not have to penetrate the nucleus
Answer
Correct Answer:
More / the bacteriophage must penetrate the peptidoglycan cell wall
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436. Axons are to _____ as dendrites are to hearing.
Glutamate
Speaking
Glucose
All or nothing
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437. Attachment of acetyl groups to __________ promotes transcription.
RNA polymerase
Specific transcription factors
Promoters
Histone tails
Answer
Correct Answer:
Histone tails
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438. Assuming no migration, birth rate minus death rate is equal to ________.
The increase or decrease in different populations
The proportions of fertile women in different populations
The cause of deaths in the population
The relative rates of
Answer
Correct Answer:
The increase or decrease in different populations
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439. As means of locomotion, bacteria possess _____. cilia flagella pseudopodia
Archaea
Bacteria
Rickettsia
Flagella
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440. As ca++ ions enter the presynaptic membrane _____ of neurotransmitters occurs.
Endocytosis
Synthesis
Degradation
Exocytosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exocytosis
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441. As an action potential occurs, the neuron's electrical charge changes from _____ to _____.
Negative; more negative
Positive; negative
Negative; positive
Positive; more positive
Answer
Correct Answer:
Negative; positive
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442. As a result of a disturbance, a community will ______.
Not be repopulated
Be replaced by a community that is completely different from the previous
Community
Not recover for thousands of years
Undergo succession
Not be recolonized
Answer
Correct Answer:
Undergo succession
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443. Arthropods, like spiders and lobster, don't have blood like mammals do; instead, they have _____.
Hemoplyph
Ventral
Connective
Nervous
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hemoplyph
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444. Archaea that "eat" methane are considered to be _____.
Single-celled
Heterotrophs
Mitochondrion
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heterotrophs
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445. Arboviruses cause ________ and are transmitted by ________.
Meningitis; bee stings
Meningitis; mosquitoes
Encephalitis; dog bites
Encephalitis; mosquitoes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Encephalitis; mosquitoes
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446. Aquatic organisms ______.
Have a waxy coating to prevent water loss
May experience problems with water balance
Typically have a plentiful supply of nitrogen
Never find light to be in short supply
Answer
Correct Answer:
May experience problems with water balance
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447. Aquatic biomes are defined primarily by ________.
Their salinity
Solar Energy
The plants that live there
Chaparral
Answer
Correct Answer:
Their salinity
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448. Any stimulus that opens ________ ion channel will produce a graded potential.
Voltage-gated
Chemically gated
Sodium
Mechanically gated
Answer
Correct Answer:
Voltage-gated
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449. Analogous structures _____.
Share a common ancestry
Have similar structures
Serve the same function
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Serve the same function
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450. An individual who is homozygous ______.
Expresses the dominant trait
Carries two different alleles for a gene
Carries two copies of the same allele for a gene
Expresses the recessive trait
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carries two copies of the same allele for a gene
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451. An example of mutualism, or +/+ relationship, is ______.
Herbivory
The relationship between corals and unicellular algae
Cryptic coloration in frogs
The relationship between Virginia's warblers and orange-crowned warblers, which use some of the same resources
Answer
Correct Answer:
The relationship between corals and unicellular algae
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452. An estuary is _______.
A freshwater biome
An area with a low concentration of minerals and nutrients
Characterized by deep water
An ecotone
Answer
Correct Answer:
An ecotone
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453. An essential nutrient is one that ____.
Is required in large amounts
Is used for energy storage
Can be found only in animal products
Cannot be made by the animal
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cannot be made by the animal
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454. An ecosystem consists of ____________________ in a given area.
All the living organisms and non-living materials
One species benefits while the other neither benefits nor is harmed
Top carnivores eat other carnivores
Primary succession begins with no life or soil, while secondary succession begins with both
Answer
Correct Answer:
All the living organisms and non-living materials
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455. An ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants define a(n) ________.
Outgroup
Clade
Genus
Ingroup
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456. An adaptation is _____.
Humans and chimpanzees share a relatively recent common ancestor.
Proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution
A trait that gives an organism a reproductive advantage in the current environment
Bugs with shorter beaks had more access to food, allowing them to produce more offspring
Answer
Correct Answer:
A trait that gives an organism a reproductive advantage in the current environment
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457. Amino acids and glucose enter cells by ________.
Active transport
Passive diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Endocytosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Facilitated diffusion
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458. Ed as ______.
Homologous chromosomes
Environmental factors that affect gene expression
Alternate versions of a gene
Alternate phenotypes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Alternate versions of a gene
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459. Alleles are alternate versions of _____ gene(s) that have ____ nucleotide sequences.
Cytoplasm; mRNA; proteins
The gene's regulatory region
The same; small differences in their
Proteins; amino acids
Answer
Correct Answer:
The same; small differences in their
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460. All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except _____.
DNA
A cell wall
A plasma membrane
Ribosomes
An endoplasmic reticulum
Answer
Correct Answer:
An endoplasmic reticulum
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461. All living things are composed of cells. the work of cells is done by _____.
Proteins
Genotypes
Zygotes
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA
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462. Adding bile to triglycerides _______.
Chemically modifies the triglycerides
Increases the surface area of the triglycerides
Digests triglycerides into monoglyceride and two fatty acids
Causes them to clump
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases the surface area of the triglycerides
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463. Adaptations result from interactions between organisms and their _____.
Behavior
Offspring
Gene pool
Environment
Answer
Correct Answer:
Environment
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464. Action potentials move along axons _____.
More slowly in axons of large than in small diameter.
By the direct action of acetylcholine on the axonal membrane.
By activating the sodium-potassium
More rapidly in myelinated than in non-myelinated axons.
By reversing the concentration gradients for sodium and potassium ions
Answer
Correct Answer:
More rapidly in myelinated than in non-myelinated axons.
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465. According to the concept of punctuated equilibrium, _____.
Natural selection is unimportant as a mechanism of evolution.
Given enough time, most existing species will branch gradually into new species.
A new species accumulates most of its unique features as it comes into existence.
Evolution of new species features long periods during which changes are occurring, interspersed with short periods of equilibrium, or stasis.
Transitional fossils, intermediate between newer species and their parent species, should be abundant
Answer
Correct Answer:
A new species accumulates most of its unique features as it comes into existence.
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466. A(n) ______ is an example of a chordate that is not a vertebrate.
Lancelet
Echinoderm
Bird
Fish
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467. A(n) _____ is a common output device for hard copy.
Optical character reader
Compact disc
Laser printer
Plasma display
Answer
Correct Answer:
Laser printer
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468. A viroid is a naked, infectious _____ molecule.
Protein
DNA
RNA
Fatty acid
Enzyme
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469. A trait not expressed when combined with a dominant trait is called a(n) ____ trait.
Nurture
Recessive
Dominant
Homozygous
Answer
Correct Answer:
Recessive
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470. A threatened species is likely to have _____ than an endangered species.
Ranges
Fewer predators
Larger populations
Smaller habitats
Answer
Correct Answer:
Larger populations
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471. A synaptic cleft, or synaptic gap, can be found between a neuron and ______.
Another neuron
A gland
A muscle cell
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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472. A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through __________.
The plasma membrane
Free cytoplasmic ribosomes
Mitochondrial outer membrane
Secrete a lot of protein
Answer
Correct Answer:
The plasma membrane
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473. A spontaneous generation process is a process that has ____.
No input
At least one output and one input, but the output obviously is insufficient to generate the input shown
No output
At least one input and one output, but the input obviously is insufficient to generate the output shown
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474. A signal molecule is also known as a(n) _____.
Receptor
Protein
Ligand
Key
Initiator
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475. A series of enzymatic steps that fixes carbon dioxide into carbohydrate is called the ______.
Pentose phosphate pathway
Embden-Meyerhoff pathway
Calvin cycle
Entner-Doudoroff pathway
Answer
Correct Answer:
Calvin cycle
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476. A ribozyme is _____.
A catalyst that uses RNA as a substrate
An enzyme that synthesizes RNA as part of the transcription process
An enzyme that synthesizes RNA primers during DNA replication
An enzyme that catalyzes the association between the large and small ribosomal subunits
An RNA with catalytic activity
Answer
Correct Answer:
An RNA with catalytic activity
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477. A protozoan that can conduct photosynthesis is the _____.
Euglena
Paramecium
Amoeba
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478. A protist that contains contractile vacuoles most likely lives ______.
In a marine environment
Within the cells of another organism
In fresh water
In ice
Between the cells of another organism
Answer
Correct Answer:
In fresh water
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479. A protein's function is dependent on its ______.
Shape
PH
Size
Weight
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480. A prokaryote that obtains energy and carbon as it decomposes dead organisms is a(n) _____.
Autotroph
Chemotroph
Autotroph and phototroph
Heterotroph and chemotroph
Autotroph, phototroph, and chemotroph
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heterotroph and chemotroph
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481. A primer of ____________ is needed at the origin of nucleotide addition
Polymerase III
Polymerase I
Helicase
RNA
DNA
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482. A population of organisms will not evolve if _____.
All individual variation is due only to environmental factors
The environment is changing at a relatively slow rate
The population size is large
The population lives in a habitat without competing species present
Answer
Correct Answer:
All individual variation is due only to environmental factors
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483. A population increases through birth and ____.
Assimilation
Integration
Socialization
Emigration
Immigration Name
Answer
Correct Answer:
Immigration Name
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484. A population distribution shows _______.
The distribution of age groups within a population
The amount of organisms in a unit area
The total number of organisms in a population
Where and in what arrangement organisms are located
Answer
Correct Answer:
Where and in what arrangement organisms are located
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485. A plasma membrane and a cell wall _____.
Ave the same structure and different functions
Have different structures and the same function
Are two names for the same thing
Have different structures and different functions
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have different structures and different functions
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486. A phospholipid is a _____
Most lipids will have completely dissolved in solution because they are partially polar.
Have a glycerol backbone
Nonpolar lipid molecule that is made amphipathic by the addition of a phosphate
Polar heads and nonpolar tails; the polar heads interact with water
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nonpolar lipid molecule that is made amphipathic by the addition of a phosphate
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487. A nucleic acid probe is used to __________.
Cut pieces of DNA down to manageable size
Find a particular nucleotide sequence within a large segment of DNA
Make DNA for gene cloning
Splice pieces of DNA
Insert genes into a host cell
Answer
Correct Answer:
Find a particular nucleotide sequence within a large segment of DNA
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488. A natural levee is _____.
A depositional feature
Essentially parallel to the stream channel
Both B and C
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both B and C
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489. A membrane that allows only some materials to move in and out of the cell is _____.
Permeable
Semipermeable
Rigid
Bilayered
Answer
Correct Answer:
Semipermeable
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490. A material that resists a change in ph is called a(n) _____.
Buffer
Polar
Ice floats
Protons
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491. A linkage map __________.
Greater as the distance between the two loci increases
Orders genes on a chromosome based on recombination frequencies
May have subnormal intelligence or be at risk for learning disabilities
They are on the same chromosome
Answer
Correct Answer:
Orders genes on a chromosome based on recombination frequencies
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492. A hypothesis is _______.
A proposed solution to observed phenomena
A question derived from observed phenomena
A testable explanation for observed phenomena
Generated as the final step in scientific inquiry
Answer
Correct Answer:
A testable explanation for observed phenomena
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493. A heart murmur is caused by a defect in a(n) _____.
Ventricle
Artery wall
Heart valve
Atrium
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heart valve
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494. A hard-tissue sarcoma usually involving the upper shaft of the long bones is called a _____.
osteosarcoma
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
lymphoma
Carcinoma
Answer
Correct Answer:
osteosarcoma
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495. A fossil found under a layer of rock is usually _____.
Older than the rock
Made from a different type of rock
Evolved from the rock
Younger than the rock
Answer
Correct Answer:
Older than the rock
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496. A fat that is hydrogenated is ______
More unsaturated.
Easier to digest.
More solid.
Less likely to cause strokes
Answer
Correct Answer:
More solid.
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497. A common protozoan that moves by cilia is the _____.
Amoeba
Paramecium
Euglena
Answer
Correct Answer:
Paramecium
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498. A cat has fleas. the cat is a _____.
Parasite
Mimic
Host
Predator
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499. A _____ is a chordate but not a vertebrate.
Lancelet
Echinoderm
Bird
Fish
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500. ________ detect, engulf, and destroy cancerous cells.
NK cells
Pancreas
Apoptosis
Angiogenesis
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501. ________ capture solar energy and use photosynthesis to produce sugars.
Producers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Detritivores
Answer
Correct Answer:
Producers
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502. ______ is the study of the evolutionary relationships of organisms, past and present.
Systematics
Natural
Stabilizing
Protists
Answer
Correct Answer:
Systematics
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503. Is a rock with a fine, dark texture that makes up the oceanic crust.
Granite
Gypsum
Basalt
Limestone
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504. _____ is to psychology as the microscope is to biology.
Excitatory, inhibitory
Protoplasmic kisses.
Magnetic resonance imaging
Peripheral nervous system
Answer
Correct Answer:
Magnetic resonance imaging
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505. _____ is a signal molecule that binds to an intracellular receptor
A
D
E
C
B
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506. A carbohydrate composed of three to ten sugar molecules is called a(n) ________.
A polysaccharide
A disaccharide
A monosaccharide
A single carbohydrate
An oligosaccharide
Answer
Correct Answer:
An oligosaccharide
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507. The process shown in this animation is referred to as _____.
Phagocytosis
Active transport
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Pinocytosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Facilitated diffusion
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508. The activity of acetylcholine in a synapse is terminated by its_____.
Diffusion across the presynaptic membrane
Active transport across the postsynaptic membrane
Diffusion across the postsynaptic membrane
Degradation on the postsynaptic membrane
Answer
Correct Answer:
Degradation on the postsynaptic membrane
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509. Each joule is one ____.
Newton of energy
Gram of energy
Meter of energy
Newton·meter of energy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Newton·meter of energy
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510. When does dna replication take place regarding meiosis? dna replication _____.
Does not take place in cells destined to undergo meiosis
Occurs before meiosis 1 begins
Occurs between meiosis I and meiosis II
Occurs during prophase I
Answer
Correct Answer:
Occurs before meiosis 1 begins
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511. Your sense of __________ could indicate that there is something wrong with your car or your health.
Knowledge
Yield
Two
Taste
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512. When a flying bug hits a moving train, no effect is observed on the train because___________.
True
The train is much more massive than the bug
False
The crate pushing back on the boy with a force of 100 newtons
Answer
Correct Answer:
The train is much more massive than the bug
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513. Meiosis will produce microspores in the _____.
Anther.
Sepal.
Ovary.
Petal.
Receptacle
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514. An unripe fruit will ripen faster if placed next to a ripe fruit because of _____.
Cytokinin
Abscisic
Acid (ABA)
Ethylene
Gibberellin
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515. An individual center of gravity can usually be found __________
Just above the belly button
Just above the knees
Just below the neck
Just below the hips
Answer
Correct Answer:
Just above the belly button
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516. An increase in venous return will _______.
Increase stroke volume
Increase the contractility of the heart
Increase EDV
Increase EDV, increase stroke volume and increase the contractility of the heart
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increase EDV, increase stroke volume and increase the contractility of the heart
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517. The deep posterior extensor of the wrist and fingers __________.
Controls the thumb and wrist
Controls the thumb and index finger
Controls the index finger and wrist
Controls all four digits
Answer
Correct Answer:
Controls the thumb and index finger
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518. During inhalation, air moves from the larynx directly to the _____.
Trachea
Pharynx
Larynx
None of these
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519. Aldosterone will ________.
Promote an increase in blood pressure
Promote a decrease in blood volume
Result in a larger output of urine
Decrease sodium reabsorption
Answer
Correct Answer:
Promote an increase in blood pressure
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520. Visceral fat is stored chiefly ____.
Within subcutaneous adipocytes
Around the thighs and neck
Around the abdominal organs
Within the liver and spleen
Answer
Correct Answer:
Around the abdominal organs
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521. Excretion rates of drugs vary greatly depending upon__________________
Type of drug
Medical condition of the person who took the drug
Both A & B
Time at which drug was taken
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both A & B
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522. Claude bernard first recognized _____.
Separate fluids outside and inside the cell
Plant stomata opening and closing to maintain homeostasis
Feedback loops
Chemical reactions of enzymes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Feedback loops
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523. The same people are restudied and retested over a long period in a ________ study.
Longitudinal study
Cross-sectional study
Developmental stages
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Longitudinal study
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524. The light of dawn and the buzz of an alarm clock lead to wakefulness through the ________.
Cerebellar
Peduncles limbic system
Reticular activating system
Basal nuclei
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reticular activating system
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525. A brain ventricle located in the cerebrum is the _____ ventricle.
Third
Lateral
Fourth
Median
Falx
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526. The three basic components of analog and digital signals are: amplitude, frequency, and ____.
Cycles
Baud
Hertz
Phase
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527. In an ecosystem, phytoplankton are _____
Producers autotrophs
Decomposers
Abiotic substances
Omnivores
Answer
Correct Answer:
Producers autotrophs
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528. Abstract reasoning is the ability to ________.
Work with others when performing tasks
Make and manipulate models
Act quickly on a problem
Analyze and perform routine tasks
Answer
Correct Answer:
Make and manipulate models
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529. The working distance for a 10× objective lens is ________.
Is the depth of the slide that is clearly in focus
Multiplying the power of the objective lens by the power of the ocular lens
Much greater than the working distance for the 100× objective lens
Area you see through the lenses of the microscope
Answer
Correct Answer:
Much greater than the working distance for the 100× objective lens
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530. When farmers leave plant stalks in the field to reduce soil erosion, it is called ____.
Contour farming
Plowing
No-till farming
Terracing
Answer
Correct Answer:
No-till farming
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531. Freshwater biomes have _______.
Organisms adjusted to high salinity
More diversity than marine biomes
A salinity of less than 1%
The ability to maintain their temperature year round
Answer
Correct Answer:
A salinity of less than 1%
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532. A _______ relationship exists between an employee and a supervisor
Family
Horizontal
Past
Vertical
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533. ______ is a hydroxyl group
—NH2
—OH
—COOH
—H
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534. Triploblastic animals have an _________ as well as _________ symmetry.
Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm; bilateral.
Pseudocoelomic; acoelomic
Ectoderm & an endoderm, radial
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm; bilateral.
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535. The purine___ always binds with the pyrimidine__ in dna and rna.
Ithymine; guanine
Guanine, cytosine
Adenine; guanine
Guanine eyozint
Answer
Correct Answer:
Guanine, cytosine
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536. The animalia, plantae, and protista are _____.
Domains
Kingdoms
Phyla
Classes
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537. Sexual reproduction in paramecia is called _____.
Conjugation
Fission
Meiosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conjugation
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538. Secretion of progesterone stimulates ________.
Contraction of uterine muscles
Preparation of the mammary glands for lactation
Secretory activity of the uterine myometrium
Development of the female secondary sex characteristics
Answer
Correct Answer:
Preparation of the mammary glands for lactation
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539. Salinity is measured in _____
Parts per thousand
Parts per million
Parts per trillion
Parts per hundred
Answer
Correct Answer:
Parts per thousand
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540. Ovules are found within structure _____.
A
B
C
D
E
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541. Most coelomates possess a _____.
A Circulatory system
Respiratory system
Skeletal system
Central nervous system
Answer
Correct Answer:
A Circulatory system
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542. Many tadpoles excrete _____, whereas adult frogs excrete _____.
Ureter: transport of urine to the bladder
Renal tubules: secretion of additional wastes
Glomerulus: filtration.
Ammonia; urea
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ammonia; urea
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543. In the abo blood type system, the ia allele is _____ with the ib allele.
Dominant
Co-dominant
Recessive
Homologous
Heterologous
Answer
Correct Answer:
Co-dominant
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544. In the _______ of lactose, the lac ______ binds to the lac _______ site.
Presence, operator, repressor
Presence, repressor, promoter
Absence, operator, promoter
Absence, operator, repressor
Absence, repressor, operator
Answer
Correct Answer:
Absence, repressor, operator
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545. In prokaryotes, operons _____.
Regulate the catalytic activities of specific proteins
Regulate the rate of transcription of a set of genes
Phosphorylate specific polypeptide chains
Transcribe structural genes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Regulate the rate of transcription of a set of genes
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546. In human females, the ovarian cycle begins when the ______.
Levels of estrogen reach their maximum
Hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to increase its output of FSH and LH
Level of progesterone drops precipitously
Levels of FSH and LH drop precipitously
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to increase its output of FSH and LH
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547. Anaerobic respiration produces a maximum of ______ atp per glucose
2
4
10
38
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548. A coelom is _____
An arrangement of organs
A cavity filled with fluid
Layers of tissue
An inner lining of tissue
Answer
Correct Answer:
A cavity filled with fluid
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549. You might find _____ in the arctic.
Hydrophytes
Mesophytes
Xerophytes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Xerophytes
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550. The nuclear envelope disintegrates during _____.
Metaphase
Prophase
Anaphase
Telophase
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551. The currently used binomial nomenclature was developed by _____.
Linnaeus
Ray
Aristotle
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552. The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that _____.
Fat absorption primarily occurs in the stomach, whereas carbohydrates are absorbed from the small intestine
Carbohydrates need to be emulsified before they can be digested, whereas fats do not
Most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood
Fats, but not carbohydrates, are digested by bacteria before absorption
Answer
Correct Answer:
Most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood
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553. Metabolic rate is _____.
The total amount of energy an animal uses in a unit of time( There are many variations of the measurement, such as basal metabolic rate and standard metabolic rate.)
Maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment( Homeostasis is a dynamic state, maintained at great expense to the organism.)
Interstitial fluid is the go-between for body cells and the circulatory system.( Material from this fluid is exchanged with blood in capillaries.)
You roll down the car window to allow the cool breeze to blow through.( Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of air or a liquid past the surface of a body)
Answer
Correct Answer:
The total amount of energy an animal uses in a unit of time( There are many variations of the measurement, such as basal metabolic rate and standard metabolic rate.)
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554. Cyclostomata are fish _____.
Made of cartilage
Without a jaw
Made of bone
Answer
Correct Answer:
Without a jaw
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555. Atp contains a large amount of energy because _____.
It captures energy from sunlight
It receives energy from mitochondria
It receives a phosphate group from ADP
It has high-energy phosphate bonds
Answer
Correct Answer:
It has high-energy phosphate bonds
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556. A(n) _____ is a mass of living protoplasm.
Amoeba
Paramecium
Euglena
Virus
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557. "sticky ends" are very useful in genetic engineering because they _____.
Provide a site for complementary base pairing so that pieces of DNA can be linked together
It adds a functioning version of the defective gene to the cells of an individual
Map all the human genes and determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human genome
Studies when and where proteins are produced in an organism and how the proteins interact
Answer
Correct Answer:
Provide a site for complementary base pairing so that pieces of DNA can be linked together
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558. The origin of the external obliques includes ribs __________.
Seven through twelve
Five through twelve
Six through twelve
Eight through twelve
Answer
Correct Answer:
Five through twelve
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559. Sympathetic is to ____ as parasympathetic is to ____.
increases arousal and attention
Focusing attention and organizing sensory inputs
arousal; relaxation; norepinephrine; acetylcholine
Membranes surrounding the brain
Answer
Correct Answer:
arousal; relaxation; norepinephrine; acetylcholine
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560. A peptide bond binds _____.
Amino acids
Alex timmons
Amine or nitrogen
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Amino acids
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561. The humanistic approach emphasizes __________ in development and behavior
Reinforcers
Free will
The collective unconscious
Reciprocal
Answer
Correct Answer:
Free will
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562. The chromosome number in animals is kept the same from one generation to the next because of _____.
Binary fission
Multiple fission
Mitosis
Meiosis
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563. Most of the neurons in the human brain are _____.
Sensory neurons.
Motor neurons.
Interneurons.
Peripheral neurons
Answer
Correct Answer:
Interneurons.
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564. Logic structures are also called ____ structures.
Decision
Sequential
Control
Programming
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565. The largest taxon is the _____ and the smallest is _____.
Kingdom; species
Domain; genus
Domain; species
Answer
Correct Answer:
Domain; species
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566. The gestation perod for all mammals is _____________.
2 months
9 months
The same
Not the same
Answer
Correct Answer:
Not the same
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567. The effect of deforestation is to ______.
Is as much as 1,000 times higher than at any time in the last 100,000 years
The relationship between corals and unicellular algae
Interactions between organisms and their environments
Increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
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568. Science is ______
The inquiry-based effort to describe and explain nature
The search for truth
An organized set of principles for how to ethically and morally behave
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
The inquiry-based effort to describe and explain nature
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569. Saturated fats are saturated with ______
Carbon
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Oxygen
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570. In rain forests habitats are classified _____
Tree type
Vertically
By water level
In the canopy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vertically
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571. In abo blood types, ____________ different alleles determine the presence of blood type.
Three
Dominant
Recessive
Metaphase I
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572. Fungi cell walls are _____.
Made of cellulose, like plants
Made of polysaccharides and chitin
Permeable
Semipermeable
Answer
Correct Answer:
Made of polysaccharides and chitin
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573. Flowering plants are ______
Gymnosperms
Laurasians
Angiosperms
Archaeopteryx
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiosperms
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574. Biological pest control involves _______
Eliminating pests with pesticides
Using biological mechanisms to eliminate pests
Planting a new crop every year
Burning crops
Answer
Correct Answer:
Using biological mechanisms to eliminate pests
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575. The three basic steps of the ddc collision prevention formula are ________.
Prevent, Avoid,
Understand Analyze,
Decide, React
Recognize, Understand
Answer
Correct Answer:
Recognize, Understand
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576. The point of a reprimand should be to _______ an animal.
Startle
Punish
Frighten
Irritate
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577. The __________ filter drugs out of the bloodstream and convert them to inactive chemicals.
Liver and kidneys
Liver and lungs
Kidneys
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Liver and kidneys
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578. Reversible lanes are marked with unique signs, signals, and markings, such as_____
A flashing yellow X, which means use this lane ONLY for a right turn
A solid yellow X, which means stay in the lane but slow down
A red X, which means the lane is closed
A flashing red X, which means to prepare to stop
Answer
Correct Answer:
A red X, which means the lane is closed
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579. Enantiomers are __________.
Mirror-image isomers of a molecule
Hydrophobic, non polar, and good source of stored energy
Cis - trans isomers
None of the Above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mirror-image isomers of a molecule
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580. Voice sounds are produced by the _____.
Larynx
Ventricles
Portal Veins
Diastole
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581. When reproducing a plant by _____, you can use the stem, root, or leaf.
Layering
Cutting
Grafting
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582. When digested, proteins are broken down into _____.
Monoglyceride.
Both glycerol and fatty acids
Amino acids
Hydrochloric acid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Amino acids
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583. When digested, fats are broken down into _____.
Monoglyceride.
Both glycerol and fatty acids
Amino acids
Hydrochloric acid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both glycerol and fatty acids
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584. The germination of seeds _____.
Helps maintain genetic variability in a population
Dioecious ... separate female and male plants
Depends on imbibition
An embryonic sporophyte
Answer
Correct Answer:
Depends on imbibition
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585. The ____________ (size/color) of crystals formed depends on the speed of evaporation.
Size
Color
Ore
Harder
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586. Plants that have many periods of reproduction are called _____.
Annuals
Perennials
Gametophytes
Sporophytes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Perennials
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587. Most of the water taken up by a plant is _____.
Used as a solvent
Used as a hydrogen source in photosynthesis
Lost during transpiration
Converted to carbon dioxide
Used to keep cells turgid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lost during transpiration
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588. Kinetic energy is energy in motion. potential energy is _____ energy.
Exergonic
Osmosis
Potential
Stored
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589. Groundwater _____.
Is recharged by precipitation.
Stays in one place and never moves.
Is only found in areas with wet climates.
Exists mostly as underground rivers and lakes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exists mostly as underground rivers and lakes
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590. An important condition for the formation of coal is ________.
Coal forms in swamps and oil/gas form in marine environments
Incomplete decomposition of organic matter due to a lack of oxygen
Those settings have relatively still water
Answer
Correct Answer:
Incomplete decomposition of organic matter due to a lack of oxygen
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591. An earthworm that feeds on the remains of plants and animals is acting as a _____.
Detritivore
Predation
Realized niche
Producers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Detritivore
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592. A major difference between exotoxins and endotoxins is that endotoxins are _____.
Physically part of the bacterial structure - Endotoxins are derived from the lipopolysaccharide layer that makes up the outermost membrane of Gram-negative cells.
Invade a host's tissues - Hyaluronidase allows bacteria to pass between cells, and collagenase degrades connective tissue. pg.428
They are able to detect structures on the surfaces of foreign cells that are not found in the host.
A lysosome - Chemicals that prevent lysosomes from fusing to phagosomes essentially prevent the lytic enzymes of the phagocyte from destroying the bacterium
Answer
Correct Answer:
Physically part of the bacterial structure - Endotoxins are derived from the lipopolysaccharide layer that makes up the outermost membrane of Gram-negative cells.
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593. When you add acid to a solution, _____.
The hydrogen ion concentration increases and lowers the pH
PH decreases
When the concentrations of hydronium and hydroxide ions are equal.
A compound that donates hydrogen ions to a solution
Answer
Correct Answer:
The hydrogen ion concentration increases and lowers the pH
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594. When one does twice the work in twice the time, the power expended is _______.
Less
The same
Twice as much
Four times as much
More than 4 times as much
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595. There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves and _____ pairs of spinal nerves.
12, 24
12, 31
15, 30
15, 31
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596. The tonicity of a solution depends only upon the __________.
Total concentration of solutes as initially added to the solvent when making the solution
Total concentration of solutes, taking into account that some single molecules (such as salts, e.g., NaCl) ionize into more than one solute (Na+ and Cl-)
Concentration of nonpenetrating solutes
Concentration of penetrating solutes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Concentration of nonpenetrating solutes
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597. The reabsorption of water and solutes _______.
Depends on concentration gradients
Is passive
Is into the peritubular capillaries
Is passive and is into the peritubular capillaries
Is passive, depends on concentration gradients and is into the peritubular capillaries
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is passive, depends on concentration gradients and is into the peritubular capillaries
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598. Plasma contains a much greater concentration of _____ than the glomerular filtrate.
Urea
Water
Protein
Sodium ions
Glucose
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599. Plants growing towards air that has higher humidity levels are examples of _____.
Phototrophism
Geotrophism
Thigmotrophism
Hydrotrophism
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrotrophism
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600. Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin are examples of hormones with __________ effects.
Antagonistic
Permissive
Additive
Synergistic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antagonistic
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601. Nucleosomes are composed of all of the following except ________.
H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
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602. In hydrochloric acid (hcl), chlorine has greater electronegativity than hydrogen. therefore, _____.
The H side of an HCl molecule would have a slight negative charge
HCl is a nonpolar molecule
Hand Cl cannot interact chemically
The H side of an HCl molecule would have a slight positive charge
Answer
Correct Answer:
The H side of an HCl molecule would have a slight positive charge
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603. In animals with a closed circulatory system, gas exchange occurs across the thin walls of ______.
Capillary beds
Circulatory
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Answer
Correct Answer:
Capillary beds
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604. In addition to transporting sugar, the phloem also _____.
Transmits electrical signals
Transports viral RNA throughout the plant
Transports plant RNA throughout the plant
Transports proteins throughout the plant
All Of The Above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All Of The Above
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605. As the glomerular filtrate is formed, it flows from the bowman'capsule into the _____________.
Descending limb of the loop of Henle
Proximal convoluted tubule
Connecting tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Answer
Correct Answer:
Proximal convoluted tubule
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606. An ionic bond is shown below. it forms as a result of _____.
One of the atoms sharing electrons is much more electronegative
All are properties related to hydrogen bonding.
Chemicals are fundamental to the structure and function of all living things.
An attraction between atoms that have opposite charges
Answer
Correct Answer:
An attraction between atoms that have opposite charges
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607. Amoebas are able to protect themselves from unfavorable conditions by forming a _____.
Capsid
Cyst
Pseudopodium
Cell
Wall
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608. A plant cell placed in a solution with a lower (more negative) water potential will _____.
Maximizing photosynthesis ... minimizing water loss (Structures, such as broad leaves, that enhance photosynthesis also maximize water loss. Plant form is generally a compromise between the two, depending on the plant's environment.)
Both the photosynthesis and transpiration rates are low.(On a cloudy day with low soil moisture, the photosynthesis rate is low and stomata are closed, so the transpiration rate is low.)
Water and minerals move through the root cortex into the xylem and upward through the stem and into leaves.(Water and minerals that are taken up in the soil are transported from roots to leaves by the xylem.)
Lose water and plasmolyze(Water moves from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential. Loss of water pulls the plasma membrane away from the cell wall, producing plasmolysis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lose water and plasmolyze(Water moves from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential. Loss of water pulls the plasma membrane away from the cell wall, producing plasmolysis
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609. A low secretion of luteinizing hormone (lh) in the normal male adult would cause ________.
Decreased testosterone secretion
Excessive beard growth
Increased spermatogenesis
Shrinkage of the anterior pituitary gland
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decreased testosterone secretion
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610. A cell in late anaphase of mitosis will have ________.
Chromosomes clustered at one end of the cell
Chromosomes clustered tightly at the center
Individual chromatids beginning to separate from one another
No chromosomes in the center of the cell
One large nuclear envelope
Answer
Correct Answer:
No chromosomes in the center of the cell
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611. A cell in a hypertonic solution _________. the result of this will be __________.
Will take up water; a decrease in the molar concentration of all solutes in the cell
Will decrease in volume; an increase in the molar concentration of all solutes in the cell
Maintains its volume; a higher concentration of total solutes in the cell than in the external medium
Will decrease in volume; a lower concentration of each solute in the cell than in the external medium
Answer
Correct Answer:
Will decrease in volume; an increase in the molar concentration of all solutes in the cell
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612. The process that leads to the multiplication of species is called _____.
Macroevolution
Microevolution
Artificial selection
Natural selection
Speciation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Macroevolution
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613. The _____ is something that should be tested according to the
Grip
Putting green
Sand trap
Tee
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614. A translation or rotation is a composition of two _____
Glide reflections.
Reflections.
Rotations.
Translations
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reflections.
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615. Anaerobic glycolysis is an energy system that uses ____.
Carbohydrate only
Carbohydrate preferentially, but fat or protein if necessary
Carbohydrate, protein, or fat based on availability
Carbohydrate, protein, fat, or alcohol
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carbohydrate only
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616. Muscle cells store enough atp and phosphocreatine for about __________ of exercise.
15 minutes.
15 seconds.
35 seconds.
5 minutes
Answer
Correct Answer:
15 seconds.
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617. Within the brain, ____________ receive, integrate, and generate messages.
Synapse
Oxytocin
Reuptake.
Neurons
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618. The _______ are the key supply source of energy for neurons.
Phagocytes
Schwann cells
Dendrocytes
Astrocytes
Microtubules
Answer
Correct Answer:
Astrocytes
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619. Stimulus to the muscle spindle elicits the ________ reflex.
Ciliospinal
Plantar
Stretch
Consensual
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620. Producing energy that fuels the activities of the cell is a function of the __________.
Myelin sheath
Axon terminals
Cell body
Dendrites
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cell body
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621. Muscular _______ describes how long or how many times you can lift and lower a given weight.
Strength
Endurance
Hypertrophy
Atrophy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endurance
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622. Most of the neurons in the human central nervous system are ________.
Sensory neurons
Motor neurons
Interneurons
Auditory neurons
Peripheral neurons
Answer
Correct Answer:
Interneurons
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623. If you have a muscle that has atrophied, the muscle would be __________.
Broken.
Shrunken.
Torn.
Strained
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shrunken.
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624. If a nerve cell receives many ipsps in different locations at the same time, __________.
It will show spatial summation
Generate a string of action potentials
It occurs in all the cell types listed.
Carries sensory information
Answer
Correct Answer:
It will show spatial summation
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625. For our motor commands to travel toward our muscles, the signals must travel on __________.
Projection fibers
Commissural fibers
The primary visual cortex
Association fibers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Projection fibers
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626. Exercise and reactions to exciting stimuli include ________.
Increased activity in all parts of the peripheral nervous system
Increased activity in the sympathetic, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic divisions
Decreased activity in the sympathetic, and increased activity in the parasympathetic divisions
Increased activity in the enteric nervous system
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increased activity in the sympathetic, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic divisions
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627. Compared to nerve action potentials, muscle action potentials do not have __________.
Greater resting potentials
Slower propagation
Faster propagation
Longer duration
Answer
Correct Answer:
Faster propagation
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628. Calcium ions are binding to troponin during the ________ of a muscle twitch.
Contraction phase
Latent period
Latent period and the contraction phase
Recovery phase
Relaxation phase
Answer
Correct Answer:
Latent period and the contraction phase
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629. Blood pressure would increase as a result of a decrease in __________.
Blood vessel diameter.
Blood volume.
Cardiac output.
Blood viscosity
Answer
Correct Answer:
Blood vessel diameter.
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630. Blood pressure is highest in the _____
Arteries, capillaries, & veins
Arterioles; venules
Veins; arteries
Capillaries; arterioles
Answer
Correct Answer:
Arteries, capillaries, & veins
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631. At a synapse, the neuron sending the signal towards the synapse is called the _______ neuron.
Presynaptic
Action potential
Ion-gated channel
Within the neuron
Answer
Correct Answer:
Presynaptic
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632. An organ such as the heart or liver consists of __________.
Connective tissue.
Epithelial tissue.
Nervous tissue.
Muscle tissue
All of the listed responses are correct
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the listed responses are correct
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633. An example of skeletal muscle is _____.
The heart
The lungs
The leg
The stomach
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634. An example of a skeletal muscle working occurs when a person __________.
Perspires heavily
Digests food
Takes a breath
Stands up
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stands up
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635. Addition of more myoglobin to a muscle fiber would have the largest effect on ________.
Fast glycolytic fibers only
Fast glycolytic and fast oxidative fibers
Fast oxidative fibers only
Fast oxidative and slow oxidative fibers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fast glycolytic fibers only
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636. A neuron sends a signal toward another neuron along its _____.
The frequency
Axon
Potassium ion concentration
Charge
Sodium ion concentration
Potassium +
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637. "cross bridges" that link between the thick and thin filaments directly involve__________.
Myosin
Sacromere
Myoglobin
Actin
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638. Two samples are ________________ if the sample values are paired.
Dependent
The samples are dependent because there isis a natural pairing between the two samples.
Independent
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dependent
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639. Warm air is _____ dense than cold air, and warm air holds _____ moisture than cold air.
More; less
More; more
Less; more
Less; less
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less; more
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640. Urine, when compared with the initial filtrate, contains ________________________.
More glucose
Less water, fewer minerals, and more urea
Decomposed red blood cells
Concentrated amino acids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less water, fewer minerals, and more urea
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641. The protein of the bicoid gene in drosophila determines the _____ of the embryo.
Anterior-posterior axis
Anterior-lateral axis
Posterior-dorsal axis
Posterior-ventral axis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anterior-posterior axis
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642. The main function of salivary amylase is to ______
Absorb nutrients
Moisten food
Break down starch
Break down proteins
Answer
Correct Answer:
Break down starch
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643. Resource partitioning would be most likely to occur between _____.
Sympatric populations of a predator and its prey.
Sympatric populations of species with similar ecological niches.
Sympatric populations of a flowering plant and its specialized insect pollinator.
Allopatric populations of the same animal species.
Allopatric populations of species with similar ecological niches
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sympatric populations of species with similar ecological niches.
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644. Plants get their food by _____.
Absorbing it through their roots
Conducting photosynthesis
Absorbing it through their leaves
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conducting photosynthesis
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645. In plant cells, the middle lamella _____.
Allows adjacent cells to adhere to one another
Prevents dehydration of adjacent cells
Maintains the plant's circulatory system
Allows for gas and nutrient exchange among adjacent cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allows adjacent cells to adhere to one another
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646. If the velocity of an object is doubled, its kinetic energy is ______.
Doubled
Quadrupled
Decreased
Unaffected
Answer
Correct Answer:
Quadrupled
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647. Amoeba use _________ to move and ingest prey.
Cilia
Flagella
Parapodia
Pseudopods
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pseudopods
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648. A population that is growing logistically __________.
By a logistic equation
Grows fastest at an intermediate population density
The carrying capacity of its environment
Lower the survival rates of the parents
Answer
Correct Answer:
Grows fastest at an intermediate population density
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649. Which of the following statements is true regarding the patella? it __________.
Is a sesamoid bone enclosed in the tendon of the quadriceps muscle
Glides along the medial and lateral epicondyles of the femur
Glides along the fibular notch on the lateral side of the tibia
Secures the quadriceps muscles of the anterior thigh to the femur
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is a sesamoid bone enclosed in the tendon of the quadriceps muscle
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650. Ventricular systole begins during the __________ phase of the cardiac cycle.
Isovolumetric contraction
Ventricular diastole
Ventricular ejection phase
Ventricles
Answer
Correct Answer:
Isovolumetric contraction
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651. The order of impulse conduction in the heart, from beginning to end, is __________.
Sa node, av node, bundle of his, bundle branches, purkinje fibers
Sa node,
Av node,
Bundle of his,
Bundle branches,
Purkinje fibers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sa node, av node, bundle of his, bundle branches, purkinje fibers
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652. Serous fluid in the pericardial cavity __________.
Is secreted by the epithelial cells of the serous pericardium.reduces friction between the beating heart and the outer wall of the pericardial sac.
Block direct spread of electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles and prevent overdilation of the valve openings.anchor the valve cusps and act as the point of insertion for bundles of cardiac muscle in the atria and ventricles
Lies between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium
Gap junctions that allow ions to pass between cells, transmitting the contractile signal to adjacent cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is secreted by the epithelial cells of the serous pericardium.reduces friction between the beating heart and the outer wall of the pericardial sac.
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653. Sensory stimuli are interpreted and perceptions are formed in the __________.
Acetylcholine
Central canal
Cerebral cortex
Mechanoreceptor
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cerebral cortex
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654. Schwann cells make up the __________.
Neurons.
Myelin sheath in the CNS
Myelin sheath in the PNS
Axons.
Nodes of Ranvier
Answer
Correct Answer:
Myelin sheath in the CNS
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655. Information from the fingertips is sent to the spinal cord via ___________ axons.
Efferent
Cranial
Peripheral
Afferent
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656. Each nephron is made up of capillaries that form the _____.
Ureter
Bladder
Glomerulus
Sweat glands
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glomerulus
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657. Compared to endocrine reflexes, neural reflexes __________.
Respond rapidly and are longer-lasting
Respond slowly, and are longer-lasting
Respond rapidly, and are very brief
Respond slowly and are very brief
Answer
Correct Answer:
Respond rapidly, and are very brief
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658. Because of their shape, muscle cells are also known as ________.
Fascicles
Myofibrils
Tubules
Muscle fibers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Muscle fibers
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659. Aldosterone decreases ___ reabsorption
Water
Potassium
Sodium
Bicarbonate
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660. Adh level in nephrons regulates water output by causing the _____.
Glomerulus and proximal convoluted tubule to filter less or more water
Glomerular capsule and nephron loop to absorb more or less water
Distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct to reabsorb more or less water
Distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct to reabsorb more or less sodium ions
Answer
Correct Answer:
Distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct to reabsorb more or less water
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661. A _____ is the basic structural and functional unit of the body.
Filtration
Extracellular fluid
Hypotonic solution
The cell
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662. Environmental impact assessments are required by law in order for _______.
States to generate needed revenue
Companies to receive building permits
Environmental damage to be mitigated
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Environmental damage to be mitigated
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663. Centrifuges used for biohazardous materials must be covered primarily to avoid _____.
Chemical Hygiene Plan
Contamination via aerosol formation.
Declaration of Helsinki
BioSafety Level (BSL)1
Answer
Correct Answer:
Contamination via aerosol formation.
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664. Biological treatments of hazardous waste involve ___________ hazardous substances.
Using microorganisms to disperse
The genetic alteration of species suffering from
Special organic chemical processing of
Using plants, bacteria or fungi to absorb and detoxify
Answer
Correct Answer:
Using plants, bacteria or fungi to absorb and detoxify
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665. All forms of life on earth are linked together in relationships involving _____.
Water
Food
The environment
Energy
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666. Topographic maps represent an area's physical features by describing _____.
Shape, elevation, and steepness of features
The earthquake produced a tsunami that caused the destruction.
-the elevations of contour lines must always be whole number multiples of the contour interval
-points inside a contour line are a higher elevation than the contour line
Scale, legend, title, and compass
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shape, elevation, and steepness of features
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667. Extinction can be caused by ______ (check all that apply).
Habitat destruction
Invasive species
Natural disasters
Disease
Answer
Correct Answer:
Habitat destruction Invasive species
Note: This question has more than 1 correct answers
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668. Stabilizing selective pressures result in _______..
A increase of a population 's genetic variance
A decrease of a population 's genetic variance..
None
Answer
Correct Answer:
A decrease of a population 's genetic variance..
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669. Nonpolar molecules that cluster away from water molecules are called __________ molecules..
Hydrophobic
Hydraulic
Hadraulic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrophobic
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670. Negative feedback is most like _____
.adding wood to a burning fire to increase the heat
An air conditioner that turns on if the temperature gets too hot..
None
Answer
Correct Answer:
An air conditioner that turns on if the temperature gets too hot..
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671. In the species selection model, __________ is to macroevolution as __________ is to microevolution..
Same speciation success; differential reproductive success.
Differential speciation success; differential reproductive success.. .
Differential speciation success; same reproductive success
Answer
Correct Answer:
Differential speciation success; differential reproductive success.. .
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672. Humans fit into the food pyramid as ________.
Primary consumers
Primary producers
Secondary producers
Herbivores
The apex of the pyramid
Answer
Correct Answer:
The apex of the pyramid
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673. During the development of most animals, cleavage leads to __________
A multi-celled blastula.
A di-celled blastula..
Tri-cell blastula
Answer
Correct Answer:
A multi-celled blastula.
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674. Because their tissues are ___________ with the marine environment, jellyfish are _______________.
Isosmotic, Osmoregulator
Isosmotic, osmoconformers
Smotic,osmoconformers
None
Answer
Correct Answer:
Isosmotic, osmoconformers
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675. The nucleus is to eukaryotes as the ________ is to prokaryotes.
Plasmid
RNA strand
Ribosome
Nucleoid
Nucleolus
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676. Xylem is indicated by the letter _____.
A
B
C
D
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677. When nucleotides polymerize to form a nucleic acid _____.
Covalent bonds form between the bases of two neucleotides
A hydrogen bond forms between sugar of one neucleotide and phosphate of second
A covalent bond forms between sugar of one neucleotide and phosphate of second
Hydrogen bonds form between the two neucleotides
Answer
Correct Answer:
A covalent bond forms between sugar of one neucleotide and phosphate of second
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678. Vitalism gave way to mechanism, the view that _____.
There was a life force outside the jurisdiction of physical and chemical laws.
Carbon's ability to form four covalent bonds makes complex molecules possible.
Bond angles are unpredictable.
Physical and chemical laws govern living systems.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Physical and chemical laws govern living systems.
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679. Unicellular organisms would most likely have _____.
Isogametes
Heterogametes
Anisogametes
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Isogametes
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680. Transpiration is best described as _______.
Water evaporation through pores in leaves
Water evaporation through roots
Water absorption through pores in leaves
Water absorption through roots
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water evaporation through pores in leaves
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681. To survive, all animals must _____.
Ingest nutrients from the environment every day of their lives
Digest plant material
Have a complete digestive system
Balance consumption of food with use and storage of nutrients
Answer
Correct Answer:
Balance consumption of food with use and storage of nutrients
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682. This figure is an example of a(n) _____.
Nucleic acid
Protein
Saturated fat
Unsaturated fat
Answer
Correct Answer:
Saturated fat
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683. There are three major groups of mammals, categorized on the basis of their _____.
Habitat
Method of reproduction
Size
Presence or absence of hair
Answer
Correct Answer:
Method of reproduction
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684. There are currently _____ kingdoms.
Three
Four
Five
Six
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685. There are _____ levels of cell organization recognized by biologists.
Three
Four
Five
Six
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686. The temporalis muscle originates on the __________ and inserts on the __________.
Zygomatic arch; temporal fossa
Temporal process; mandibular fossa
Temporal fossa; coronoid process of mandible
Temporal fossa; zygomatic arch
Answer
Correct Answer:
Temporal fossa; coronoid process of mandible
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687. The taste, smell, and presentation of food have a _______ influence on food digestion.
Psychological
Chemical
Bacterial
Social
Answer
Correct Answer:
Psychological
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688. The result of the following cross indicates that the genotype of the female parent is _____.
RR
Rr
Rr
All of these
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689. The regulation of water and ion excretion occurs primarily within the ________.
Collecting tube
Late distal tubules
Proximal tubules
Both a and b
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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690. The reason the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber is that ________.
It has no delicate nerve endings and can therefore absorb more shock
The major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber
The cells that make up the hypodermis secrete a protective mucus
It is located just below the epidermis and protects the dermis from shock.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber
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691. The opening of an ion channel increases a cell membrane's ________, whereas ________ will decrease.
Resistance;permeability
Permeability;conductance
Permeability;resistance
Conductance;resistance
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conductance;resistance
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692. The only invertebrates known to hear are _____.
Insects
Crab/lobster,
Mollusks
Earthworms
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693. The mechanical and chemical receptors that control digestive activity are located ________.
In the oral cavity i
N the walls of the tract organs
In the glandular tissue that lines the organ lumen
In the pons and medulla
Answer
Correct Answer:
N the walls of the tract organs
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694. The marine biome _______.
Is a large ecosystem, but not larger than some terrestrial ecosystems
Is characterized by four different zones
Has little species diversity
Covers a small portion of the EarthтАЩs surface
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is characterized by four different zones
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695. The main bloodborne infection of concern is _______________________.
HIV
HCV
HBV
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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696. The hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract ________.
Connects the hypophysis to the pituitary gland
Is partly contained within the infundibulum
Conducts aldosterone to the hypophysis
Is the site of prolactin synthesis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is partly contained within the infundibulum
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697. The hypodermis is ________.
Part of the epidermis
Composed primarily of adipose tissue
Part of the dermis
The third region of the skin
Answer
Correct Answer:
Composed primarily of adipose tissue
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698. The hydrolysis of atp on the na+/k+ pump results in ________.
A conformational change that exposes the Na+ binding site to the outside of the cell
A conformational change that exposes the Ca+ binding site to the outside of the cell
A conformational change that exposes the k+ binding site to the outside of the cell
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
A conformational change that exposes the Na+ binding site to the outside of the cell
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699. The goal of _______ is to use cells and tissues to treat human illnesses or injuries
Clone Therapy
Gene Therapy
Reproductive Cloning
Therapeutic Cloning
Answer
Correct Answer:
Therapeutic Cloning
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700. The function(s) of meiosis is/are _____.
Maintain chromosome number through generations
Maintain chromosomal health
Generate new chromosomal numbers
Produce new types of organisms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Maintain chromosome number through generations
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701. The falx cerebri passes through the _________.
Central sulcus
Lateral sulcus
Transverse cerebral fissure
Longitudinal fissure
Answer
Correct Answer:
Longitudinal fissure
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702. The external intercostals elevate the rib cage during __________.
Neither inspiration nor expiration
Inspiration
Expiration
Both expiration and inspiration
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inspiration
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703. The dna-containing region of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____.
Nucleoid region
Plasma membrane
Chromatin
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleoid region
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704. The cleavage of glycogen by glycogen phosphorylase releases _____.
Glucose 1-phosphate
Glucose 6-phosphate
Glucose 5-phosphate
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glucose 1-phosphate
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705. The channels indicated by the pointer, are _____.
Desmosomes
Plasmodesmata
Mycorrhizae
Gap junctions
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plasmodesmata
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706. The basic requirements for plants to survive are _____
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carbon dioxide
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707. That each gamete contains a single allele of the eye color gene is an illustration of _____.
Mendel's Law of seggregation
Mendel's Law of independent assortment
Both
None
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mendel's Law of seggregation
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708. Structure a in the figure is a(n) _____.
Transport protein
Structural protein
Receptor moleclule
Antibody
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transport protein
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709. Stromatolites are _____
A type of fossil dinosaur produced by cyanobacteria
A type of fossil dinosaur produced by euglenophyta
A type of fossil dinosaur produced by rhodophyta
A type of fossil dinosaur produced by chlorophyta
Answer
Correct Answer:
A type of fossil dinosaur produced by cyanobacteria
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710. Speciation _____.
Occurs only in plants
Is impossible because the population of a species must be isolated from one another for speciation to occur
Is always a result of polyploidy
Occurs when a new species emerges from a population in the absence of a geographical barrier.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Occurs when a new species emerges from a population in the absence of a geographical barrier.
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711. Someone studying anatomy using the systemic approach could study ______.
Immune organs
Digestive organs
Respiratory organs
Urinary organs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Digestive organs
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712. Plants that are more rare today are _____.
Hydrophytes
Mesophytes
Xerophytes
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mesophytes
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713. Legal problems caused by _______________ are very serious.
Inappropraite use of alcohol
Inappropraite use of drugs
Inappropraite use of money
Both a and b
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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714. After elongation, plant cells begin to _____.
Die
Photosynthesize
Differentiate
Germinate
Answer
Correct Answer:
Differentiate
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715. Inward folds of the plasma membrane of a prokaryotic cell produced the _____ of eukaryotic cells.
Cellular slime molds
Endomembrane system
Colonial form of green algae
Mitochondria and chloroplasts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endomembrane system
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716. Hachure lines, or lines with teeth, describe _____.
Primary waves
Depressions
Plate tectonics
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Depressions
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717. The addition of acetyl groups to histones is associated with ______.
Chromatin decondensation and low levels of gene expression
Chromatin condensation and low levels of gene expression
Chromatin decondensation and higher levels of gene expression
Chromosome condensation and high levels of gene expression
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chromatin decondensation and higher levels of gene expression
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718. The lac operon of e. coli is ________ when the repressor is bound to lactose.
Active
Deactive
Both
None of these
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719. The karyotype below shows ______.
Trisomy 21
A cause of Down syndrome
Crossing over occurs.
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trisomy 21
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720. Most of the exchange surfaces of multicellular animals are lined with _____.
Endocrine system
Epithelial tissue
Smooth muscle
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Epithelial tissue
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721. Intracellular receptors are activated by signaling molecules that ____________ the plasma membrane.
Steroid hormones
Pass through
Protein kinases
Paracrine signaling
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pass through
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722. Osmoreceptors are located in the _____.
Hypothalamus
Hypokalemia
Hyperpolarization
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hypothalamus
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723. A blue crab must molt about ______ times over the course of its life.
25
34
12
14
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724. When you look at a pine or maple tree, the plant you see is a _____.
Diploid sporophyte
Pollen
Heterosporous
Flower
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid sporophyte
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725. When atp molecules convert to adp molecules, _____ occurs.
Phosphorylation
Specialization
Dephosphorylation
Elongation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dephosphorylation
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726. Typically, acetylation of histone tails leads to ________.
Removal of the protein components of the chromatin from the DNA.
Relaxed packaging of the chromatin and increased transcription.
Tighter packaging of the chromatin and reduced transcription.
Increased amounts of euchromatin relative to heterochromatin
Answer
Correct Answer:
Relaxed packaging of the chromatin and increased transcription.
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727. A pine tree gametophyte is _____.
Larger than a fern gametophyte.
Roughly the same size as a fern gametophyte.
Smaller than a fern gametophyte.
Roughly the same size as a fern sporophyte.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Smaller than a fern gametophyte.
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728. A change from ugg to uag would thus be a(n) _______ mutation.
Gross mutation
Mis-sense mutation
Nonsense mutation
Frame shift mutation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nonsense mutation
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729. Voluntary active euthanasia is __________ in __________.
Voluntary and persistent request for aid, dying
Dying, voluntary and persistent request for aid
Unvoluntary request , dying
Voluntart, living
Answer
Correct Answer:
Voluntary and persistent request for aid, dying
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730. When a mosquito infected with plasmodium first bites a human, the plasmodium _____.
Gametes fuse, forming an oocyst
Cells infect the human liver cells
Cells cause lysing of the human red blood cells
Oocyst undergoes meiosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cells infect the human liver cells
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731. Variation is to central tendency as ________ is to ________.
Scatterplot; correlation
Range; normal curve
Mean; standard deviation
Median; mode
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mean; standard deviation
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732. The fight-or-flight response is to ________ as the general adaptation syndrome is to ________.
Cannon; Friedman
Friedman; Selye
Selye; Cannon
Cannon; Selye
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cannon; Selye
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733. Mosses are _____.
Bryophytes
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bryophytes
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734. Micrornas work to ______.
Destroy mRNA or block its translation
Increase rates of transcription
Decrease the binding of ribosomes to the 5' cap
Control patterns of alternative splicing
Answer
Correct Answer:
Destroy mRNA or block its translation
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735. Marmots are a type of _______.
Canine
Feline
Squirrel
Nocturnal predator
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736. Inorganic compounds are usually held together by _____ bonds.
Ionic
Covalent
Both A & B
None of the above
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737. All of the following are required for genome editing with the crispr-cas9 system except _____.
Cas9 nuclease
An sgRNA
A repair mechanism for a double-strand DNA break (DSB)
Invading DNA protospacers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Invading DNA protospacers
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738. A gene-regulation strategy that is unique to eukaryotic cells is __________.
Transcriptional regulation
MRNA processing
Post-translational regulation
Translational regulation
Answer
Correct Answer:
MRNA processing
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739. The process of transcription is indicated by the letter _____.
A
B
C
D
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740. One example of artificial selection is ________.
The process of allopatric speciation
Pet dogs that have gone wild, mate with coyotes, and live in packs
Humans placing a gene for human insulin into a flower
Broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and brussels sprouts bred from Brassica oleracea
Crossing a lion and a tiger to get a sterile animal called a liger
Answer
Correct Answer:
Broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and brussels sprouts bred from Brassica oleracea
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741. The principal force driving movement in diffusion is __________.
Concentration gradient
Temperature
Particle size
Membrane surface area
Answer
Correct Answer:
Concentration gradient
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742. The gametophytes in flowering plants are the _____.
Fruit and seeds
Pollen and egg cells
Male and female cones
None
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pollen and egg cells
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743. The slowest step in the clotting process is ________.
Formation of prothrombin activator
Constriction of the blood vessel
Formation of a temporary “platelet plug.
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Formation of prothrombin activator
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744. The reaction atp converted to adp + pi is an example of a(n) _________ reaction.
Spontaneous
Exergonic
Hydrolysis
Endergonic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endergonic
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745. The reaction agno3(aq) + nacl(aq) ⟶ agcl(s) + nano3(aq) is a(n) ______________ reaction.
Single-replacement
Acid-base
Precipitation
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Precipitation
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746. The plasma membrane of the sea urchin egg _____.
Is outside of the fertilization membrane
Releases calcium, which initiates the cortical reaction
Has receptor molecules that are specific for binding acrosomal proteins
Is a mesh of proteins crossing through the cytosol of the egg
Answer
Correct Answer:
Has receptor molecules that are specific for binding acrosomal proteins
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747. The main advantage of a spread plate over a streak plate is that the spread plate __________.
A mixed broth culture tube
Isolate bacteria and develop pure cultures
You think there may be a chance of a contaminate in your broth culture.
Allows for the calculation of cell numbers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allows for the calculation of cell numbers
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748. The hydrolysis of _____ is an exergonic reaction that drives many endergonic reactions in a cell.
ATP
AMP
Oxygen
CAMP
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749. The function of tunica externa is to ________.
Expand and recoil easily
Provide a smooth surface for blood flow
Support and protect the vessel
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Support and protect the vessel
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750. The dipeptide that will form will be _____.
Cysteine-alanine
Proline-threonine
Glycine-cysteine
Alanine-alanine
Answer
Correct Answer:
Proline-threonine
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751. The crossover percentage between two different genes is _____.
Greater as the distance between the two genes increases
Smaller as the distance between the two genes increases
Greater as the distance between the two genes decreases
Smaller as the distance between the two genes deccreases
Answer
Correct Answer:
Greater as the distance between the two genes increases
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752. The closest relatives of the familiar pine and spruce trees are _____.
Deciduous trees such as maple and oak
Gnetophytes,cycads and ginkgos
Hornworts, liverworts, and mosses
Ferns, horsetails, and club mosses
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gnetophytes,cycads and ginkgos
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753. The bonds between the phosphate groups in atp have large amounts of chemical _____ energy.
Low
Potential
Kinetic
High
Answer
Correct Answer:
Potential
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754. The bacterium ___________ grows only in anaerobic environments.
Escherichia coli
Vibrio parahemolyticus
Listeria monocytogenes
Clostridium botulinum
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clostridium botulinum
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755. The anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary differ in that _____.
The anterior lobe of the pituitary is nervous tissue that connects directly to the brain whereas the posterior pituitary is derived from non-neural tissues
The anterior lobe of the pituitary receives neuronal impulses from brain cells whereas the posterior lobe receives blood-borne hormones
Many anterior pituitary hormones regulate other endocrine glands whereas posterior pituitary hormones regulate nonendocrine tissues
The posterior pituitary gland synthesizes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone whereas the anterior lobe receives all of its hormone products in the blood
Answer
Correct Answer:
Many anterior pituitary hormones regulate other endocrine glands whereas posterior pituitary hormones regulate nonendocrine tissues
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756. The ________ is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.
Nasal cavity
Oropharynx
Trachea
Larynx
Answer
Correct Answer:
Oropharynx
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757. Prototrophs are bacteria that can grow on ________ medium.
Auxotrophs
Prototrophs
Minimal
F+ cells
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758. Genetic variation in bacterial populations cannot result from __________.
Transduction
Conjugation
Mutation
Meiosis
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759. A point mutation that creates a premature stop codon is called a _____ mutation.
Gross mutation
Mis-sense mutation
Nonsense mutation
Frame shift mutation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nonsense mutation
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760. In gene-cloning projects, plasmids function to ______.
Create probes for library screening
Allow replication of the DNA that is being cloned
Create DNA copies of mRNA
Cut DNA into fragment
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allow replication of the DNA that is being cloned
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761. The presence of chondrocytes indicates that a tissue is ________.
Adipose
Cartilage
Bone
Blood
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cartilage
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762. For filtration to take place through the fenestrated capillaries of the renal corpuscle, _____.
There must be a greater pressure inside the glomerulus than in the renal tubules
The concentration of ions must be greater in the capillaries (the glomerulus) than in the renal tubule
There must be more than one capillary bed in the renal corpuscle
There must be a larger concentration of proteins in the renal tubule than in the glomerulus
Answer
Correct Answer:
There must be a greater pressure inside the glomerulus than in the renal tubules
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763. The coarse hairs in the skin of the perineum and axillary regions are all ________ hairs.
Pubic.
Vellus.
Apocrine.
Terminal.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Terminal.
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764. Most electrolyte reabsorption by the renal tubules is ________.
Is Tm limited.
Is in the distal convoluted tubule.
Is hormonally controlled in distal tubule segments.
Is completed by the time the loop of Henle is reached
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is hormonally controlled in distal tubule segments.
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765. _____ uses psychological rather than biological means to treat psychological disorders.
Psychotherapy
Behavior therapy
Humanistic therapies
Psychodynamic therapies
Answer
Correct Answer:
Psychotherapy
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766. Voluntary exchange between buyers and sellers generates ________ in a market economy.
Scarcity
Allocative efficiency
Productive efficiency
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allocative efficiency
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767. The total volume of blood in the body of a 70-kg man is approximately ________ liters.
5-6
4-6
6-4
5-8
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768. When water moves toward the solution with the _____ solute concentration, the solution is _____.
Isotonic, greater
Hypertonic, lesser
Greater, hypertonic
Hypotonic, lesser
Answer
Correct Answer:
Greater, hypertonic
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769. Thylakoids, dna, and ribosomes are all components found in _____.
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Nuclei
Chloroplasts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chloroplasts
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770. The parietal pleura would represent a serous membrane ________.
Lining the thoracic cavity
Covering individual lungs
Lining the abdominal cavity
Covering the heart
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lining the thoracic cavity
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771. The chest is ________ to the abdomen.
Superior.
Lateral.
Anterior.
Proximal
Answer
Correct Answer:
Superior.
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772. The cells of _____ and _____ have modified mitochondria.
Trichomonads ... diplomonads
Chlorophytes ... ciliates
Fungi ... stramenopiles
Euglenozoans ... alveolates
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trichomonads ... diplomonads
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773. Olive oil is _______________ because _____________________.
Hydrophobic; it does not interact with water
Hydrophilic; it interacts with water
Hydrophobic; it interacts with water
Hydrophilic; it does not interact with water
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrophobic; it does not interact with water
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774. Nuts and grains are _____.
Vegetables
Fruits
Flowers
Seeds
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775. Nervous control of gastric secretion is provided by ________.
Somatic neurons in the spinal cord
The vagus nerve and enteric plexus
The rubrospinal tracts
The reticulospinal and vestibulospinal tracts
Answer
Correct Answer:
The vagus nerve and enteric plexus
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776. Mosses are _____. bryophytes gymnosperms angiosperms
Gymnosperms
Bryophytes
Green algae
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bryophytes
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777. Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through ________.
Interstitial growth of the epiphyseal plates
The secretion of bone matrix into the medullary cavity
Differentiation of osteoclasts
Calcification of the matrix
Answer
Correct Answer:
Interstitial growth of the epiphyseal plates
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778. Interstitial fluid is located in the _______.
Spaces surrounding the kidney tubule
Tubule lumen
Peritubular capillaries
Glomerulus
Answer
Correct Answer:
Spaces surrounding the kidney tubule
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779. Individual differences with a genetic basis lead to ______ in successive generations.
Variation
Normalization
Extinction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Variation
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780. Increased water reabsorption in the descending limb of the nephron loop will result in __________.
Decreased NaCl concentration in the filtrate of the ascending limb,
Increased NaCl reabsorption in the ascending limb,
Decreased filtrate concentration at the turn of the loop,
Increased water reabsorption in the ascending limb
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increased NaCl reabsorption in the ascending limb,
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781. In young mountainous regions, the continental crust is _____.
Sometimes thinner, sometimes thicker than average
Thicker than average
Thinner than average
The same thickness as in other areas
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thicker than average
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782. For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ nadh + h+ are produced by the citric acid cycle.
2
3
4
5
6
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783. For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ acetyl coa enter the citric acid cycle
2
3
4
5
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784. Both insects and roundworms exhibit ______, whereas sponges, snails, and leeches do not.
Molting during growth
Calcium carbonate shells
Sexual reproduction
Sensory perception
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sexual reproduction
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785. Bipolar neurons in the retina __________.
Vertbrate embryos
Retina of eyes
Brain and spinal cord
Skeletal muscles
Answer
Correct Answer:
Retina of eyes
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786. Alberto ginastera's estancia suite uses a large orchestra and is in ________ movements.
Five
Four
Two
Three
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787. ________ is defined as the relative amounts of lean and fat tissue in the human body.
Body composition.
Obesity.
Lean body mass.
Body weight
Answer
Correct Answer:
Body composition.
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788. ________ is defined as the body's total amount of fat-free tissue.
Body composition
Obesity
Lean body mass
Body weight
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lean body mass
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789. ________ are lipoproteins that are formed in the intestine to carry lipids into circulation.
Cholesterols
Chylomicrons
Micelles
Bile salts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chylomicrons
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790. In the pharmaceutical industry, two enantiomers of a drug __________.
Molecules called chaperonins
Lacking hydrogen atoms
Cis-trans isomers
May not be equally effective
Answer
Correct Answer:
May not be equally effective
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791. The lytic cycle of bacteriophage infection ends with the _____
Replication of viral DNA.
Entry of the phage protein coat into the host cell.
Assembly of viral particles into phages.
The injection of phage DNA into a bacterium.
Rupture of the bacterium
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rupture of the bacterium
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792. The energy production per glucose molecule through the citric acid cycle is _____.
2 ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH2
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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793. The liver performs all of the following functions except __________.
Producing insulin and glucagon
In the muscular system
A patient with muscle atrophy
Inorganic elements; organic compounds
Answer
Correct Answer:
Producing insulin and glucagon
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794. Carbohydrates function as structural components in all of the following except __________.
Glycolipids.
Glycoproteins.
Nucleic acids.
Amino acids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Amino acids
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795. The process indicated by the letter _____ produces a diploid structure.
Life cycle of the black bread mold. Each letter marks a definite process of this cycle. Letter A marks a process of spore germination.
Marks a process of cytoplasm fusion.
Marks fusion of nuclei and formation of a round solid structure.
Marks a process by which the round solid structure produces spores.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Marks fusion of nuclei and formation of a round solid structure.
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796. In recombinant dna technology, _______ may not be used as a selectable marker or reporter gene.
LacZ
The GFP gene
Tetr
Ampr
X-gal
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797. A point mutation that changes a uac codon into a uag codon is a _____ mutation.
Frameshift
Silent
Missense
Nonsense.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nonsense.
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798. To maintain homeostasis, freshwater fish must ________.
Excrete large quantities of electrolytes
Consume large quantities of water
Excrete large quantities of water
Take in electrolytes through simple diffusion
Answer
Correct Answer:
Excrete large quantities of water
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799. Translation begins when a __________ molecule binds to a ________.
MRNA; complete ribosome
MRNA; small ribosomal subunit
TRNA; small ribosomal subunit
TRNA; large ribosomal subunit
Answer
Correct Answer:
MRNA; small ribosomal subunit
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800. Translation requires _____
MRNA, tRNA, and DNA
MRNA, DNA, and rRNA
MRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
MRNA, tRNA, DNA, and rRNA
Answer
Correct Answer:
MRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
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801. Which one of the following is true? a codon _____.
Is the basic unit of the genetic code
Can code for up to four different amino acids
Extends from one end of a tRNA molecule
Consists of four nucleotides
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is the basic unit of the genetic code
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802. What was an early selective advantage of a coelom in animals? a coelom _____.
Contributed to a hydrostatic skeleton, allowing greater range of motion
Was a more efficient digestive system
Allowed cephalization and the formation of a cerebral ganglion
Allowed asexual and sexual reproduction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allowed asexual and sexual reproduction
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803. Vertebrates and tunicates share _____.
The formation of structures from the neural crest
A notochord and a dorsal, hollow nerve cord
A high degree of cephalization
Jaws adapted for feeding
Answer
Correct Answer:
A notochord and a dorsal, hollow nerve cord
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804. Transcription is similar to dna replication in that ___________________.
An RNA transcript is synthesized discontinuously and the pieces are then joined together.
It uses the same enzyme as that used to synthesize RNA primers during DNA replication
Nucleotide polymerization occurs only in the 5-to-3' direction.
The newly synthesized RNA remains paired to the template DNA
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleotide polymerization occurs only in the 5-to-3' direction.
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805. Topoisomerase works to ______.
Down syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs
Prevent twisting of DNA in front of the replication fork
Prevent the loss of DNA bases at the ends of linear chromosomes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prevent twisting of DNA in front of the replication fork
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806. There should be a strong positive correlation between the rate of protein synthesis and _____.
The number of ribosomes
The quantity of DNA polymerase
The size of mRNA
The quantity of RNA polymerase
Answer
Correct Answer:
The number of ribosomes
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807. The vertebrate spinal cord develops from the embryonic _____.
Dorsal hollow nerve cell
Coelom
Notochord
Endostyle
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dorsal hollow nerve cell
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808. Viruses can vary with respect to all of the following characteristics except __________.
Plasmodesmata
RNA information is copied into DNA
The presence or absence of metabolic machinery
None of the listed responses is correc
Answer
Correct Answer:
The presence or absence of metabolic machinery
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809. The two molecules shown in the figure below are best described as _____.
Enantiomers
Structural isomers
Cis-trans isomers
Chain length isomers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Structural isomers
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810. The thin horizontal arrows in the figure above show that the _____.
The warmer arterial blood can bypass the legs as needed, when the legs are too cold to function well.
The warmer venous blood transfers heat to the cooler arterial blood.
The warmer arterial blood transfers heat to the cooler venous blood.
The arterial blood is always cooler in the abdomen, compared to the temperature of the venous blood in the feet of the goose
Answer
Correct Answer:
The warmer arterial blood transfers heat to the cooler venous blood.
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811. The ability to clearly see objects at a distance but not close up is properly called ________.
Hypopia
Presbyopia
Myopia
Hyperopia
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hyperopia
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812. The type of mutation represented below is a(n) _____.
Transcription
DNA ligase
Insertion
A mutation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Insertion
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813. The type of learning that involves problem-solving is called _____.
Share the same habitat
Insightful learning
Zoology
Logistic ; S-shaped
Answer
Correct Answer:
Insightful learning
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814. Reinforcement is used to __________ behavior.
Discourage
Encourage
Extinguish
Understand
Answer
Correct Answer:
Encourage
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815. Reinforcement is the _______ in a relationship
Exercise
Reward
Imagination
Bond
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816. Population density is calculated by _______.
Dp= N/A
Dp= N*A
Dp= N+A
Dp= N-A
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817. Parts of the ____ are important for learning about rewards and punishments.
Hypothalamus
Fornix
Prefrontal cortex
Temporal cortex
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prefrontal cortex
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818. New branches form on the tree of life through the process of __________.
Genetic drift
Microevolution
Natural selection
Speciation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Speciation
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819. Natural systems involve ________ with complex interactions.
Few variables
Many scientific hypotheses
Many variables
Statistical biases
Absolute proof
Answer
Correct Answer:
Many variables
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820. Natural selection is best described as _______.
A mechanism of evolution
They are social insects.
Interactions between individuals
Limited evolutionary changes
Answer
Correct Answer:
A mechanism of evolution
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821. Natural selection is an evolutionary mechanism by which _______.
Advantageous traits are eliminated in a population
Advantageous traits become more common in a population
Inherited traits pass consistently through generations
Organisms choose which traits to look for in their offspring
Answer
Correct Answer:
Advantageous traits become more common in a population
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822. Increasing the rate of an impulse is the function of the __________.
Excitatory
Myelin sheath
Acetylcholine
Myelin sheath
Answer
Correct Answer:
Myelin sheath
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823. In this activity, _______________ was used to detect a positive result.
HIV antigens
An indirect ELISA
The positive control
Partial identity
Answer
Correct Answer:
An indirect ELISA
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824. Experimental controls are designed primarily to __________.
Ensure that results are due to differences in only the variable being tested
Monera
They are sedentary.
Information
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ensure that results are due to differences in only the variable being tested
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825. Classifying things by observation can best be done using a _____.
Taxon
Morphology
Latin
Phylum
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826. Classification systems _____.
Are all the same
Are all different
Vary with the taxonomist
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vary with the taxonomist
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827. An example of parallel choices in a key is _____.
A. flower color is red; aa. flower color is blue
Use energy, maintain homeostasis, composed of cells
Goggles, lab apron and closed toed shoes.
Dispose according to your teacher's instructions
Answer
Correct Answer:
A. flower color is red; aa. flower color is blue
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828. A rock on the top of a mountain contains ______ energy.
Potential
Conserved
Kinetic
Motion
No
Answer
Correct Answer:
Potential
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829. A population must have ______ for natural selection to occur.
Habitat isolation, Temporal isolation, Hybrid sterility, Mechanical isolation
Abundant resources, A stable environment, Many individuals, Inheritable variation
Differential reproduction, inheritable genetic differences, differential adaptiveness
Mutation, gene flow, sexual recombination
Answer
Correct Answer:
Abundant resources, A stable environment, Many individuals, Inheritable variation
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830. A ______ describes a site of crossing over.
Centromeres
Chromatid
Chiasma
Synapse
Histone
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831. The temperate zones ______.
Have the coolest climates on Earth
Are relatively wet
Are relatively dry
Are the zones closest to the equator
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are relatively wet
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832. The species most at risk of extinction due to habitat destruction are those _____.
With small, limited geographic ranges
It protects Earth from ultraviolet radiation.
Fossil fuel combustion and deforestation
The distribution of terrestrial biomes
Answer
Correct Answer:
With small, limited geographic ranges
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833. The solute most abundant in phloem sap is _____.
Carbon dioxide
Sugar
Sink
Apical meristem
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834. The sodium-proton exchanger is an example of a(n) ________.
Antiporter
Hypotonic
Hormone
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antiporter
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835. The relative concentration of water in a hypotonic solution is _____.
High
Low
Equal
Stable
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836. The proton pump _____.
Mutualistic associations between plant roots and fungi
Uses the energy stored in ATP to produce a hydrogen ion gradient across membranes.
Xylem sap moves up; phloem sap moves up or down.
Water in a turgid cell has positive pressure potential
Answer
Correct Answer:
Uses the energy stored in ATP to produce a hydrogen ion gradient across membranes.
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837. The prokaryotic cells that built stromatolites are classified as _____
Proteobacteria
Chlamydias
Spirochetes
Gram-positive bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cyanobacteria
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838. The prokaryotes that cause tooth decay have a ________ relationship with humans.
Parasitic
Predatory
Mutualistic
Competitive
Answer
Correct Answer:
Parasitic
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839. The process of meiosis will _____ as the gametes are produced.
Cut the chromosome number by 1/3
Cut the chromosome number by 1/2
Double the chromosome number
Not change the chromosome number
Triple the chromosome number
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cut the chromosome number by 1/2
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840. The process by which genotype becomes expressed as phenotype is ______.
Gene expression
Cellular differentiation
RNA polymerase
Alteration of proteins
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gene expression
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841. The primary growth of a plant adds __________ and secondary growth adds __________.
Girth; height
Branching; girth
Height; girth
Branching; flowers Submit
Answer
Correct Answer:
Height; girth
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842. The presence of a lophophore in a newly discovered species would suggest that the species _____.
Has an exoskeleton
Grows by shedding its external covering
Is motile
Is a suspension feeder
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is a suspension feeder
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843. The planet is currently facing its _____ mass extinction event.
Sixth
Seventh
Nineth
None of these
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844. The phylogenetic tree below _____.
Depicts the three major domains of life
Includes unicellular but not multicellular life
Includes unicellular and some forms of multicellular life, but not complex animals and plants
Includes noncellular life-forms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Depicts the three major domains of life
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845. The onset of rem sleep _____ the release of neurotransmitters called _____.
Monoamines; stops
Stops; monoamines
Both
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stops; monoamines
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846. The motivating potential score (mps) is calculated as part of using _____.
The job characteristics model
McClelland's acquired needs theory
Equity theory
Goal-setting theory
Reinforcement theory
Answer
Correct Answer:
The job characteristics model
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847. The most significant characteristic of sexual reproduction is _____.
Genetic Identity
Genetic Variability
Multiple Offspring
Rapid Reproduction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Genetic Variability
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848. The model of human nature that focuses on what people do is the _______________ model.
Hallucinogens
Electroconvulsive
Generalized
Behavioral
Answer
Correct Answer:
Behavioral
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849. The misshapen version of a protein that causes properly folded proteins to misfold is the ________.
Virus
Prion
Capsid
Viroid
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850. The mauna kea silversword was brought to near extinction by _____.
Grasses will be shorter
An expanding human population
Creating movement corridors
Overgrazing by sheep and goats
Answer
Correct Answer:
Overgrazing by sheep and goats
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851. The lungs, kidneys and perspiration account for about____% of the elimination of alcohol.
40
30
20
10
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852. The largest molecules in organisms are _____.
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleic acids
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853. The four principal types of stress are __________.
Frustration, conflict, pressure, and anxiety
Frustration, conflict, pressure, and change
Anger, anxiety, depression, and annoyance
Frustration, conflict, depression, and annoyance
Answer
Correct Answer:
Frustration, conflict, pressure, and anxiety
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854. The flow of genetic information in a cell goes from _____.
DNA to RNA to protein
RNA to DNA to protein
DNA to protein to RNA
RNA to protein to DNA
Answer
Correct Answer:
DNA to RNA to protein
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855. The feeding relationships among the species in a community determine the community's __________.
Secondary succession.
Ecological niche.
Species richness.
Trophic structure
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trophic structure
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856. The difference between the cellular make-up of a living organism and an aluminum can is the _____.
Ability to use energy
Ability to move
Bonding structure
Sensitivity
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ability to use energy
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857. The chaparral biome is maintained by _____.
The water cycle
Swimming and drifting organisms
Periodic fires
Cone-bearing evergreen trees
Answer
Correct Answer:
Periodic fires
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858. The cerebral cortex does not play a major role in __________.
Short-term memory
Long-term memory
Circadian rhythm
Breath holding
Answer
Correct Answer:
Circadian rhythm
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859. The bacterium l. bulgaricus uses an anaerobic process called _____ to produce yogurt.
Fermentation
A capsule
Flagella
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fermentation
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860. The agouti is most directly involved with the brazil nut tree's dispersal of _____.
Female gametophytes
Sporophyte embryos
Sporophyte megaspores
Female gametes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sporophyte megaspores
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861. The activation of receptor tyrosine kinases is characterized by _____.
Ligand-gated ion channel
Intracellular receptors are present only in target cells
Dimerization and phosphorylation
Irreparable DNA damage or protein misfolding
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dimerization and phosphorylation
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862. The ____________ is made up of multiple layers of dead keratinocytes that regularly exfoliate.
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stratum corneum
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863. The _____ nervous system produces obvious signs of emotional arousal.
Parasympathetic
Autonomic
Central
Somatic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Autonomic
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864. The _____ indicates the gene combination of an individual.
Genotype
Deletion
A locus
Monosomy
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865. Tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins involves ________ bonds.
Ionic
Hydrogen
Polar
Nonpolar covalent
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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866. Temperate broadleaf forests are characterized by _____.
A broad range of temperatures ranging from -30°C to 30°C
A broad range of temperatures ranging from -20°C to 20°C
A broad range of temperatures ranging from -40°C to 40°C
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
A broad range of temperatures ranging from -30°C to 30°C
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867. Taste is a(n) _____ sense.
Chemical
Electrical
Inactive
None of these
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868. Tapeworms can reproduce by _____.
Budding
Fission
Fragmentation
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fragmentation
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869. T lymphocytes are to the _____ as b lymphocytes are to the _____.
Thalamus; bone marrow
Bone marrow; thymus
Bone marrow; thalamus
Thymus; bone marrow
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thalamus; bone marrow
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870. Sympatric speciation typically occurs through __________ and __________.
Synarthrosis; syndesmosis
Amphiarthrosis; fibrous
Fibrous; amphiarthrosis
Polyploidy in plants ... habitat differentiation in animals
Answer
Correct Answer:
Polyploidy in plants ... habitat differentiation in animals
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871. Sweating produces heat loss largely by __________.
Evaporative cooling
Dripping hot sweat
Radiation of heat from the skin
Conduction of heat from the body interior
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evaporative cooling
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872. Sutherland discovered that the signaling molecule epinephrine _____.
To block G protein activity in liver cells
Elevates cytosolic concentrations of cyclic AMP
That increases phosphodiesterase activity
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Elevates cytosolic concentrations of cyclic AMP
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873. Steroid hormones enter a cell by simple diffusion. in doing so, these steroids __________.
Move up a concentration and are polar
Move down a concentration gradient and are polar
None of the listed responses is correct.
Move up a concentration gradient and are nonpolar
Move through a channel and down a gradient and are nonpolar
Answer
Correct Answer:
None of the listed responses is correct.
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874. Statistically significant results are more likely to be obtained from experiments that _____.
Have a large sample size in both groups
A randomized clinical trial with 10,000 rats
Yes; this would be a valid scientific experiment.
Three studies done the same way, each with 1,000 people
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have a large sample size in both groups
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875. Starch and cellulose _____.
Are used for energy storage in plants
Are structural components of the plant cell wall
Are polymers of glucose
Are cis-trans isomers of each other
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are polymers of glucose
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876. Spring and fall lake turnovers occur in response to _____.
Dominant vegetation type
Changes in air temperature
Making climates more extreme
Competition with Townsend's warblers
Answer
Correct Answer:
Changes in air temperature
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877. Sponges ________.
Plant
Animal
Fungus
Bacteria
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878. Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion both _______.
Require ATP
Move solutes against their concentration gradient
Move solutes with their concentration gradient
Utilize a membrane-embedded carrier protein
Answer
Correct Answer:
Move solutes with their concentration gradient
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879. Screening of the nuclear charge by core electrons in atoms is __________.
Less efficient than that by valence electrons responsible for a general decrease in atomic radius going down a group essentially identical to that by valence electrons
More efficient than that by valence electrons
Both essentially identical to that by valence electrons and responsible for a general decrease in atomic radius going down a group
Answer
Correct Answer:
More efficient than that by valence electrons
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880. Scaffolding proteins are _____
Microtubular protein arrays that allow lipid-soluble hormones to get from the cell membrane to the nuclear pores
Proteins that can reach into the nucleus of a cell to affect transcription
Large molecules to which several relay proteins attach to facilitate cascade effects
Relay proteins that orient receptors and their ligands in appropriate directions to facilitate their complexing
Answer
Correct Answer:
Large molecules to which several relay proteins attach to facilitate cascade effects
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881. Saturated fats ________.
Are more common in plants than in animals
Have multiple double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids
Are generally liquid at room temperature
Contain more hydrogen than unsaturated fats that consist of the same number of carbon atoms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are more common in plants than in animals
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882. Resting potential is to action potential as ________ is to ________.
Adrenal gland; pituitary gland
Sensory neuron; motor neuron
Temporal lobe; occipital lobe
Polarization; depolarization
Dendrite; axon
Answer
Correct Answer:
Polarization; depolarization
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883. Reproductive isolation is necessary for __________ to occur.
Plants
Speciation
Gene flow
Sexual selection
Answer
Correct Answer:
Speciation
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884. Reinforcement is most likely to occur when _____.
The environment is changing
Hybrids have lower fitness than either parent population
Prezygotic isolating mechanisms are in place
Gene flow is low
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hybrids have lower fitness than either parent population
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885. Reducing the amount of calcium and magnesium will help ________ the water.
Coagultaion
Soften
Chlorination
Filtration
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886. Recessive alleles determine a phenotype when an individual is ____.
A gene is a specific segment of DNA
Only homozygous for a particular gene
Richness and complexity of social behaviors
Enhance the sense of group membership
Answer
Correct Answer:
Only homozygous for a particular gene
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887. Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because _____.
Protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus, which bacterial cells lack.
Protists eat bacteria
Bacteria decompose protists
Protists are photosynthetic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus, which bacterial cells lack.
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888. Proteomics is the ________.
Process of defining the complete set of proteins encoded by a genome
Harvesting of proteins from a cell to determine their economic value
Manipulation of amino acid sequences in DNA to alter their function
Changing of the terminal sequences of proteins to alter their function
Rational design of drugs based on protein structure
Answer
Correct Answer:
Process of defining the complete set of proteins encoded by a genome
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889. Proteins are polymers constructed from ______ monomers
Hydrocarbon
Amino acid
Nucleotide
Fatty acid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Amino acid
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890. Primary production in the tropics is relatively low because of ___________.
Lack of sunlight
Lack of nutrients and too much stratification
Lack of microbes
Lack of atmosphere
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lack of nutrients and too much stratification
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891. Precambrian cyanobacteria _____.
Were tiny plants that used nitrogen
Were land-dwelling organisms
Needed oxygen
Produced oxygen
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produced oxygen
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892. Possible uses of reproductive cloning include ______.
Mutation of homeotic genes
The presence of lactose
Mutation of homeotic genes
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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893. Polysome formation in bacteria is able to occur because _________________.
They have a relatively small chromosome
They lack a nuclear membrane
They possess multiple orisequences
They possess a cell wall
Answer
Correct Answer:
They lack a nuclear membrane
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894. Polynucleotides represent biomolecules that exhibit metastability. this means that __________.
The phosphodiester bonds are readily susceptible to water hydrolysis
The phosphodiester bonds are thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable
The phosphodiester bonds are kinetically unstable but thermodynamically stable
None of the listed statements is correct
Answer
Correct Answer:
The phosphodiester bonds are thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable
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895. Plants that have many seasons of reproduction are called _____.
Annuals
Yearlys
Meristems
Perennials
Answer
Correct Answer:
Perennials
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896. Planets formed from ____ left over from the formation of the sun at the center of the cloud.
Gravel
Solar wind
Gas, ice, and dust
Asteroids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Asteroids
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897. Photosynthesis ceases when leaves wilt, mainly because _____.
Positive pressure on the surrounding solution
Stomata close, preventing CO2 from entering the leaf.
Transport water and minerals from roots to shoots
The pressure potential in the xylem will be more negative than in a turgid plant.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stomata close, preventing CO2 from entering the leaf.
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898. Phosphorylation of the orc _____________________________.
Must occur before it can recruit the MCM
Either inhibits its binding to DNA, or blocks it from recruiting MCM
Triggers ubiquitination
Causes it to be rapidly degraded
Answer
Correct Answer:
Either inhibits its binding to DNA, or blocks it from recruiting MCM
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899. Permafrost, or permanently frozen subsoil, characterizes _____.
Photic zone
Tundra
Population
None of these
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900. Pcr requires all of the following except ______.
Primers.
DNA ligase.
DNA polymerase.
DNA of interest.
Deoxyrobinucleotides.
Answer
Correct Answer:
DNA ligase.
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901. Organophosphates operate by attacking an organism's ________ system.
Muscular
Blood
Immune
Nervous
Skeletal
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902. Organisms in the lowest trophic level of an ecosystem are always _____.
Herbivores
Carnivores
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Autotrophs
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903. Opportunistic species typically ______.
Exhibit a Type I survivorship curve
Are very long-living
Reach sexual maturity slowly
Have a large number of offspring
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have a large number of offspring
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904. Of the molecules below, only ________ is polar.
CCl4
CH4
CH3Cl
SiCl4
I2
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905. Of the following choices, the epithelium with the shortest diffusion distance is _____.
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Answer
Correct Answer:
Simple squamous epithelium
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906. Normally, only female cats have the tortoiseshell phenotype because _____.
Tortoiseshell females; black males
A male inherits only one allele of the X-linked gene controlling hair color
One-half of the daughters of an affected father and a carrier mother could have this condition.
The closer two genes are on a chromosome, the lower the probability that a crossover will occur between them.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A male inherits only one allele of the X-linked gene controlling hair color
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907. Normal constituents of urine do not include ________.
Urea
Potassium
Sodium
Glucose
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908. Neutrons add only ____ to an atom
Velosity
Mass
Pressure
None of these
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909. Neurotransmitters categorized as inhibitory are expected to _____.
Impulses causing the release of a chemical signal and it's duffusion across the gap.
Is the minimum depolarization needed to operate the voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels.
Hyperpolarize the membrane.
Sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hyperpolarize the membrane.
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910. Neurons _____ connected physically and communicate with each other at the _____.
Are; synapse
Are not; synapse
Are; dendrites
Are not; cell body
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are not; synapse
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911. Mushrooms, brackets, and puffballs are examples of structures used for _____.
Sperm and egg
Reproduction
Animals
Surroundings
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reproduction
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912. Mr. henderson's blood ph is low. this is primarily due to__________.
The need for a stronger than normal stimulus in order to trigger an action potential
An increased number of hydrogen ions in his blood
Bicarbonate is a buffer and can help stabilize blood pH.
Administer a drug that will help reduce Mr. Henderson's respiratory rate.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An increased number of hydrogen ions in his blood
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913. Most receptor proteins are embedded in the __________ of the cell membrane.
Lipid bilayer
Protein matrix Eliminate
Sodium channels
Cholesterol sites
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lipid bilayer
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914. Most of the species in the class _____ lay amniotic eggs.
Mammalia
Chondrichthyes
Amphibia
Reptilia
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915. Most cells cannot harness heat to perform work because _____
Heat is not a form of energy
Temperature is usually uniform throughout a cell
Heat can never be used to do work
Heat must remain constant during work
Answer
Correct Answer:
Temperature is usually uniform throughout a cell
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916. Morphemes are combined into phrases and sentences according to ____.
Rules of grammar
Rule of Medican
Rule of Biology
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rules of grammar
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917. Mollusks have a thick epidermal sheet or ____________ , which covers the dorsal side of the body.
Nephridium
Mantle
Muscular foot
Visceral mass
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918. Mitochondria appear in the greatest numbers in cells that are _____.
Reproducing
Metabolically active
Dead
Metabolically inactive
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metabolically active
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919. Metaphase occurs prior to the splitting of centromeres. it is characterized by _____.
Aligning of chromosomes on the equator (metaphase plate) (middle of the cell)
Splitting of the centromeres
Cytokinesis
Separation of sister chromatids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aligning of chromosomes on the equator (metaphase plate) (middle of the cell)
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920. Mendel made _____ to determine if certain trait forms and their alleles were inherited together.
Dihybrid crosses
Dominate genes
Recessive genes
Monohybrid crosses
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dihybrid crosses
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921. Meiosis i produces _____ cells, each of which is ____
Three ... haploid
Telophase II
Two ... haploid
Four ... haploid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two ... haploid
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922. Many mass extinctions of life occurred due to major changes in _____.
Meteor impacts
Earth's core
Climate
Water sources
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923. Macroevolution is _____.
The same as microevolution, but includes the origin of new species
Evolution above the species level
Defined as the evolution of microscopic organisms into organisms that can be seen with the naked eye
Defined as a change in allele or gene frequency over the course of many generations
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evolution above the species level
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924. "macroevolution includes ______.
The origin of evolutionary novelty
Mass extinctions
Explosive diversification following some evolutionary breakthrough
The origin of new species
All of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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925. Lysosomes are responsible for ______
Lipid synthes
Cellular respiration
Digestion of organic matter inside the cell
Protein synthesis.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Digestion of organic matter inside the cell
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926. Kübler-ross describes the _____ stage as the end of the dying struggle.
Anger
Acceptance
Bargaining
Depression
Answer
Correct Answer:
Acceptance
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927. Keystone predators can maintain species diversity in a community if they _____.
Competitively exclude other predators
Prey on the community's dominant species
Allow immigration of other predators.
Reduce the number of disruptions in the community
Prey only on the least abundant species in the community.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prey on the community's dominant species
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928. Kelp ________
Suffers intense herbivory from sea urchins
Quagga mussels
Cannot be larger than its fundamental niche
Millipedes and soil insects
Benefit from the presence of zebra mussels
Answer
Correct Answer:
Suffers intense herbivory from sea urchins
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929. Jellyfish and coral are _____.
Radially
Symmetrical bilaterally
Symmetrical asymmetrical
None of these
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930. Jaws evolved _____
It allows deposition of eggs in a terrestrial environment.
An endoskeleton of calcified cartilage
More than one of these is correct.
By modification of the skeletal rods that previously supported the anterior pharyngeal gill slits
Answer
Correct Answer:
By modification of the skeletal rods that previously supported the anterior pharyngeal gill slits
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931. Inducible enzymes __________.
The removal of introns and alternative splicing of exons
Eukaryotic DNA is packaged with proteins in an elaborate complex
Are produced when a molecule inactivates a repressor protein
A portion of the amino acid sequence of the gene's protein product
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are produced when a molecule inactivates a repressor protein
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932. Individualistic cultures have _______ divorce rates than communal cultures.
Higher
Slightly lower
The same amount of
Significantly lower
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933. Individualism is to collectivism as ____ is to _____.
Interdependence; Independence
Comprehensive; interdependence
Independence; interdependence
Independence; comprehensive
Answer
Correct Answer:
Independence; interdependence
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934. In winter the leaves of chaparral shrubs _______.
Remain green
Turn red and orange
Fall off
Xpand and soften
Answer
Correct Answer:
Remain green
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935. In vascular plants the _____ is larger than the _____.
Diploid sporophyte; haploid gametophyte
Haploid gametophyte; diploid sporophyte
Haploid sporophyte; diploid gametophyte
Diploid gametophyte; haploid sporophyte
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid sporophyte; haploid gametophyte
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936. In this experiment, _______.
Have more elastic tissue and must be able to withstand pressure changes
Increasing preload
Include platelets and whole cells that slide past one another
Blood vessel radius will be kept constant and blood vessel length will be varied
Has the same effect as decreasing blood vessel radius and increases resistance to flow
Answer
Correct Answer:
Blood vessel radius will be kept constant and blood vessel length will be varied
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937. In the work seen above, correggio brought in the______________ of ___________ work.
Idealism; Raphael's.
Sfumato.
Classic mythical beauty as well as flesh-and-blood beauty.
Dramatic; theatrical.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Idealism; Raphael's.
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938. In the reproductive cloning of an animal, the genome of the cloned individual comes from ________.
A sperm cell
An egg cell
Any gamete cell
A body cell
Answer
Correct Answer:
A body cell
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939. In the process of transcription _____
Proteins are synthesized
DNA is replicated
RNA is synthesized
MRNA attaches to ribosomes
Answer
Correct Answer:
RNA is synthesized
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940. In the process of natural selection, the organisms most likely to survive are ________.
The organisms that are most reproductively fit
Develop a global conservation strategy and initiate restoration projects
Only occupy less than 2% of earths surface
Functional, ecological, genetic, and species
Answer
Correct Answer:
The organisms that are most reproductively fit
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941. In the lysogenic cycle, new viral particles are _____.
Integrate their DNA into the host's chromosome
DNA ligase adds nucleotides to the lagging strand.
Each parental strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a complementary strand
Packaged and released when triggered by radiation, chemicals, or other environmental signals
Answer
Correct Answer:
Packaged and released when triggered by radiation, chemicals, or other environmental signals
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942. In the galactose utilization system of yeast, the gal4p protein is __________.
TATA and CAAT
Promoter; GGGCGG
Both
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Promoter; GGGCGG
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943. In the gal gene system, ________ are cis-acting regulatory elements.
UASG; Gal4
Gal3; UASG
Gal4; UASG
Gal80; UASG
Answer
Correct Answer:
UASG; Gal4
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944. In the context of molecular genetics, reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr) refers to ________.
Assembling a DNA sequence from an mRNA
Assembling an RNA sequence from a DNA sequence
Translating in the 3' to 5' direction
Transcribing first, then translating
Making an amino acid sequence from a DNA sequence
Answer
Correct Answer:
Assembling a DNA sequence from an mRNA
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945. In relation to humans, b. burgdorferi is a/an ______ and the tick is a/an ______.
Parasite/predator
Endoparasite/host
Endoparasite/ectoparasite
Parasitoid/host
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endoparasite/ectoparasite
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946. In plant cells, differentiation begins _____.
They can differentiate into almost any other type of cell
Where elongation in the root stops
Both
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Where elongation in the root stops
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947. In photosynthesis, the electrons from _____ are used to reduce _____.
Oxygen; NADPH
Water; carbon dioxide
Oxygen; carbohydrates
Water; carbohydrates
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water; carbon dioxide
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948. In nuclear fusion, all of the following are true except _____.
High temperatures are required
Two isotopes are forced together
The mass number increases
The atomic number decreases
Answer
Correct Answer:
The atomic number decreases
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949. In most fungi, karyogamy does not immediately follow plasmogamy, which consequently _____.
Means that sexual reproduction can occur in specialized structures.
Results in heterokaryotic or dikaryotic cells.
Is strong support for the claim that fungi are not truly eukaryotic.
Results in multiple diploid nuclei per cell.
Allows fungi to reproduce asexually most of the time.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Results in heterokaryotic or dikaryotic cells.
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950. In meiosis, a _______ parent cell divides to form _______ daughter cells.
Diploid; 2 haploid
Diploid; 4 haploid
Haploid; 2 diploid
Haploid; 4 diploid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid; 4 haploid
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951. In hybrid zones where reinforcement is occurring, we should see a decline in _____.
Gene flow between distinct gene pools
Speciation
The genetic distinctness of two gene pools
Mutation rates
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gene flow between distinct gene pools
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952. In his experiment, nicko tinbergen determined that a female wasp can find its nest by using _____.
Landmarks
Unsubstantial
Irrelevant
Paltry
Answer
Correct Answer:
Landmarks
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953. In general, sympatric speciation requires the action of _____ selection acting against hybrids.
Disruptive
Directional
Stablilzing
Answer
Correct Answer:
Disruptive
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954. In gel electrophoresis dna molecules migrate from _____ to _____ ends of the gel
Acidic ... basic
Negative ... positive
Basic ... acidic
Long ... short
Positive ... negative
Answer
Correct Answer:
Negative ... positive
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955. In fat synthesis,________and fatty acids combine to make fats plus________
Hydroxyl; carboxyl
Glycerol; water
Glycerol; hydroxyl
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glycerol; water
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956. In eukaryotic cells dna has the appearance of a _____
One hundredth
One tenth
Nucleotides
Double helix
Answer
Correct Answer:
Double helix
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957. In e. coli, tryptophan switches off the trp operon by __________.
Inactivating the repressor protein
Inactivating the gene for the first enzyme in the pathway (feedback inhibition)
Binding to the promoter
Binding to the repressor and increasing its affinity for the operator
Binding to the operator
Answer
Correct Answer:
Binding to the repressor and increasing its affinity for the operator
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958. In comparison to eukaryotes prokaryotes _____
Are more structurally complex
Are larger
Are smaller
Do not have membranes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are smaller
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959. In aquatic environments, water moves _____________.
Move materials against the concentration gradient
Down the water-concentration gradient
Endocytosis
Osmosis deals only with water
Partially or selectively permeable
Answer
Correct Answer:
Down the water-concentration gradient
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960. In anterograde amnesia ______.
LTM (long term memory) is not disrupted
Laminae of thoracic vertebrae
Visceral control center of the body
Cerebral and diencephalic structures
Answer
Correct Answer:
LTM (long term memory) is not disrupted
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961. In an open circulatory system, blood is _____.
Always inside of vessels and is under higher pressure than in closed circulatory systems
Not always confined to blood vessels and is under higher pressure than in closed circulatory systems
Always inside of vessels and is under lower pressure than in closed circulatory systems
Not always confined to blood vessels and is under lower pressure than in closed circulatory systems
Answer
Correct Answer:
Not always confined to blood vessels and is under lower pressure than in closed circulatory systems
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962. In a simple synapse, neurotransmitter chemicals are received by _____.
The postsynaptic membrane
The presynaptic membrane
Axon hillocks
Cell bodies
Answer
Correct Answer:
The postsynaptic membrane
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963. In a scientific experiment, the control group ______.
Serves as a basis of comparison with the experimental group
Populations of organisms rarely change over time
By categorizing diverse items into smaller and smaller numbers of groups
Answer
Correct Answer:
Serves as a basis of comparison with the experimental group
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964. In a plant cell dna may be found _____
In the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
Mitochondrion
An endoplasmic reticulum
Surface to volume ratios
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
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965. In a hydra, digestion is completed ________.
Intracellularly
Extracellularly
In the alimentary canal
In the gastrovascular cavity
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intracellularly
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966. If this causes that, then this is the _____ variable, and that is the _____ variable.
Dependent; independent
Independent; dependent
Control; independent
Control; dependent
Answer
Correct Answer:
Independent; dependent
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967. If a chromosome is like a book, then a gene is like _____.
The cover of the book
A specific chapter in the book
A specific sentence in the book
The punctuation in the book
Answer
Correct Answer:
A specific chapter in the book
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968. Hyponatremia _____ the secretion of adh/vasopressin and _____ the secretion of aldosterone.
Increases; increases
Increases; decreases
Decreases; increases
Decreases; decreases
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decreases; increases
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969. Hydrophilic substances, but not hydrophobic substances, __________.
Lower the hydrogen ion concentration and increase the pH
The opposite ends of the molecule have opposite electrical charges
Have charges and partial charges to which water molecules can adhere
The unequal sharing of electrons between the hydrogen and the oxygen atoms of a water molecule
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have charges and partial charges to which water molecules can adhere
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970. Humans use the calories they obtain from ________ as their source of energy.
Food
Chloroplasts
Sun
Photosynthesis
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971. Humans have the most urgent need for a continuous supply of ________.
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Clorine
Carbon
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972. Humans are ______.
Consumers
Energy
Organelles
Cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Consumers
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973. Human genetic disorders _____.
Are most often dominant
Are almost never observed in modern societies
Are most often recessive
Are almost always life-threatening
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are most often recessive
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974. Helper t cells become activated by _____ that was engulfed and digested by a phagocyte.
Antibodies
Cytotoxic
An antigen
T cells
Immediate
Answer
Correct Answer:
An antigen
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975. Hedgerows have created a new ecosystem within britain’s _______.
Farms
Cities
Forests
Industrial areas
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976. Hazardous substances ______________ whereas toxins are ______________.
Inverse biological pyramid; poisonous substances
Are dangerous substances; poisonous substances
Environment; inverse biological pyramid
Inverse biological pyramid; preferences as well as logic.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inverse biological pyramid; poisonous substances
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977. Green algae differ from land plants in that many green algae _____.
Are unicellular
Have plastids
Have alternation of generations
Have cell walls containing cellulose
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are unicellular
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978. Glycogen is to animal cells as ________ is to plant cells.
Cellulose
Lipid
Sugar
Protein
Starch
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979. Glucose and amino acids move in or out of a cell by _____.
Facilitated diffusion
Passive diffusion
Both
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Facilitated diffusion
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980. Glomerulosclerosis results in a ____________________ of the basement membrane.
Thickening
Increase
The volume of blood filtered
Descending
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thickening
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981. Genotype is to _____ as phenotype is to _____
Gene regulation; translation
DNA base sequence; physical traits that are products of the proteins produced
Transcription; amino acid sequence
Heredity; DNA base sequence
Answer
Correct Answer:
DNA base sequence; physical traits that are products of the proteins produced
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982. Genotype and allele frequencies______. choose all that apply.
Genotype frequencies are determined by allele frequencies
A single generation of random mating produces the equilibrium frequencies of p2, 2pq, and q2
Describe the gene pool of the population
Describe the genetic structure of the population
The relative rates of forward and reverse mutation will determine the equilibrium allele frequency
Allele frequencies change rapidly and randomly and one eventually becomes fixed in the population
Answer
Correct Answer:
Describe the gene pool of the population Describe the genetic structure of the population
Note: This question has more than 1 correct answers
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983. Genomic studies of bacteria reveal that _____.
Break genomic DNA at random sites
Assimilation of external DNA into a cell
There are still many genes of unknown function
Answer
Correct Answer:
There are still many genes of unknown function
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984. Genetically modifying ________ cells may directly affect future generations.
Intestinal
Immune
Gametic
Somatic
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985. Genetic drift is a process based on _____.
Differential reproductive success correlated to the relationship between a phenotype and the environment
Immigration
Mutation
Emigration
The role of chance
Answer
Correct Answer:
The role of chance
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986. Genes that are _____ do not assort independently and are said to be _____.
Both alleles for a given trait are the same; linked
Close to each other on the same chromosome; linked
Variation in natural populations would decrease over time; linked
Made up of a combination of yellow and green alleles; linked
Answer
Correct Answer:
Close to each other on the same chromosome; linked
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987. Gene therapy requires _____.
Knowledge and availability of the normal allele of the defective gene, an ability to introduce the normal allele into the patient, and an ability to express the introduced gene at the correct level, and time, and tissue site within the patient
Include transgenic rice plants that can grow in water of high salinity
Reverse transcriptase to reconstruct the gene from its mRNA
The number of repeats varies widely from person to person or animal to animal.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Knowledge and availability of the normal allele of the defective gene, an ability to introduce the normal allele into the patient, and an ability to express the introduced gene at the correct level, and time, and tissue site within the patient
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988. Gel electrophoresis separates dna fragments on the basis of differences in their ________.
A:C ratio
Length
G:T ratio
PH
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989. Gametes that are motile are often called _____.
Ova
Sperm
Isogamous
Anisogamous
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990. fungal digestion _____.
Fungi produce enzymes that degrade cellulose and lignin.
Have a large surface area composed of branching hyphae
Is extracellular, meaning that it takes place outside the organism
Mycelia have a large surface area for absorption.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is extracellular, meaning that it takes place outside the organism
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991. Fsh in females circulates to the ____________ where it induces folliculogenesis.
Ovaries
Progesterone
Estrogen
Atresia
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992. For the sodium channel to open and allow sodium into the cell, ________.
The activation and inactivation gates must both be open
Only the activation gate must be open
Only the inactivation gate must be open
The inactivation gate must open shortly before the activation gate opens
The activation and inactivation gates must both be closed
Answer
Correct Answer:
The activation and inactivation gates must both be open
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993. Food chains are sometimes short because _____.
Only a single species of herbivore feeds on each plant species
Local extinction of a species causes extinction of the other species in its food chain
Most of the energy in a trophic level is lost as energy passes to the next higher level
Most producers are inedible
Answer
Correct Answer:
Most of the energy in a trophic level is lost as energy passes to the next higher level
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994. Facilitated diffusion is an example of _____.
Active transport
Concentration gradient
Osmosis
Passive transport
Answer
Correct Answer:
Passive transport
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995. Extinction is ________
A natural process
Always caused by human disturbance
The loss of communities from the planet
Proceeding more slowly now than at any other time
Something that occurs only rarely
Answer
Correct Answer:
A natural process
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996. Enzymes are _______
Permanently changed by the substrate
Catalysts
Made of protein
Made of protein and catalysts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Made of protein and catalysts
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997. During the lytic cycle, but not the lysogenic cycle, _____.
A phage injects DNA into the host cell
Whole viruses leave the host cell to infect other cells
A phage uses the host cell's
A prophage is replicated during binary fission
Answer
Correct Answer:
Whole viruses leave the host cell to infect other cells
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998. During mitosis the chromosomes move because _____
Are identical in the arrangement of their genes, but some versions of the genes may differ between the chromosomes
In trisomy there would be one extra chromosome; in a duplication, one chromosome would have two copies of a portion of the chromosome.
They attach to a dynamic, precisely regulated mitotic spindle
It ensures the separation of the replicated chromosomes as new membrane is made
Answer
Correct Answer:
They attach to a dynamic, precisely regulated mitotic spindle
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999. During exponential growth, a population always _____.
Grows by thousands of individuals
Grows at its maximum per capita rate
Quickly reaches its carrying capacity
Cycles through time
Loses some individuals to emigration
Answer
Correct Answer:
Grows at its maximum per capita rate
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1000. During endocytosis and exocytosis, cells _____.
Take in what they need and expel what they don't need
Move water in and out through the cell membrane
Actively transport molecules across the cell membrane
Answer
Correct Answer:
Take in what they need and expel what they don't need
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1001. During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell
Prophase II
Metaphase II
Anaphase II
Telophase II
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prophase II
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1002. Double fertilization in angiosperms is most similar to ______.
Siblicide in sharks where one fetus will eat the other within the mother
Zygote and embryo
Via cotyledons, a source of food for the embryo
Petals
Answer
Correct Answer:
Siblicide in sharks where one fetus will eat the other within the mother
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1003. Dna mutations can arise from uncorrected errors in dna replication, inheritance, and __________.
Environmental insults
Malignant
A maternal or paternal allele
Proto-oncogene
Answer
Correct Answer:
Environmental insults
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1004. Dna is synthesized through a process known as _____
Semiconservative replication
Conservative replication
Translation
Transcription
Answer
Correct Answer:
Semiconservative replication
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1005. Dna has the appearance of a _____.
Single strand
Letter U
Double helix
Triple helix circle
Answer
Correct Answer:
Double helix
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1006. Dna fragment a consists of _____ base pairs.
1,564.
1,268
1,405
1,368
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1007. Diploblastic animals have an _________ as well as _________ symmetry.
Ectoderm and an endoderm; radial
Ectoderm and endoderm; radia
Radial; Flight evolved in pterosaurs and birds.
A body cavity; cephalization
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ectoderm and an endoderm; radial
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1008. Dinosaurs (aside from the lineage that produced birds) were extinct by the end of the ______.
Exaptation
Cretaceous
Clade
Convergent evolution
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cretaceous
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1009. Diatoms are made of _____, which is used for industrial processes.
Silica
Cyst
Zygospores
Legumes
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1010. Detritivores are _________.
Heterotrophs
Fungi and prokaryotes
Tropical
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heterotrophs
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1011. Deforestation of a watershed _______.
Nutrient enrichment such as nitrate and phosphate runoffs from land
Uses organisms to detoxify polluted ecosystems
Dramatically increases the flow of water and minerals out of the watershed
Restoring seaweed and seagrass beds of fish and shellfish nurseries
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dramatically increases the flow of water and minerals out of the watershed
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1012. Ddt is _____-soluble so it accumulates in _____.
Fat...milk
Tissues
Digestive
Prokaryotes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fat...milk
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1013. Countercurrent exchange in the fish gill helps to maximize ________.
Blood pressure
Diffusion
Active transport
Osmosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diffusion
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1014. Conservation of energy refers to the fact that _____
If you conserve energy you will not be as tired
The net amount of disorder is always increasing
No chemical reaction is 100 percent efficient
Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another
The entropy of the universe is always increasing
Answer
Correct Answer:
Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another
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1015. Concerning cells, structure determines _____.
To supply hormones
Nonpolar and hydrophobic
Function
DNA and RNA
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1016. Complex traits are often called _____ because they _____.
Quantitative; can be measured
Quantitative; qualitative
Qualitative; can be measured
Quantitative; cannot be measured
Answer
Correct Answer:
Quantitative; can be measured
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1017. Compared to animal-pollinated plants, wind-pollinated angiosperms ________.
Produce much more pollen because winds disperse pollen randomly
The dust is pine pollen and is so abundant because the pines are wind-pollinated.
Fern gametophyte bearing only antheridia
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produce much more pollen because winds disperse pollen randomly
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1018. Coevolutionary arms races occur between _____.
A fundamental niche
Artificially creating sterile ponds and looking at how community structures developed
Predators
Consumption driving the evolutionary escalation of species traits
Answer
Correct Answer:
Predators
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1019. Cladistic analysis identifies clades on the basis of ______.
The proportion of mottled fish will increase over time.
The development of pesticide-resistant insects
Tigers and lions are separate species
Homologous structures unique to each group
Answer
Correct Answer:
Homologous structures unique to each group
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1020. Cilia and flagella bend because of _____
Conformational changes in ATP that thrust microtubules laterally
A motor protein called radial spokes
The quick inward movements of water by osmosis.
A motor protein called dynein
Answer
Correct Answer:
A motor protein called radial spokes
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1021. Chromosomal islands are similar to plasmids __________.
Duplicate genes are free to evolve into new genes
Mechanisms for controlling enzyme activity include...
Conjugation, transduction, and transformation
Because both elements contain nonessential genes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Because both elements contain nonessential genes
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1022. Chloroplasts are reproduced by ________.
Binary fission
Multiple fission
Both
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Binary fission
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1023. Chlorophyll molecules donate electrons to an electron acceptor ____.
At night
When fluorescence occurs
In the antenna complex
In the reaction center
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the reaction center
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1024. Chemoautotrophic bacteria obtain their carbon from ________ and their energy from ________ .
Domain Bacteria and domain Archaea.
CO2...reactions involving inorganic chemicals
Membrane-enclosed sacs under the plasma membrane.
Pili=help prokaryotes stick to each other and to curfaces
Answer
Correct Answer:
CO2...reactions involving inorganic chemicals
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1025. Characteristics exhibited by continuously varying traits include ________.
Quantification by measuring, weighing, counting, etc.
Continuous variation of phenotypic expression
Polygenic traits
Polygenic traits or multiple-factor inheritance
Answer
Correct Answer:
Quantification by measuring, weighing, counting, etc.
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1026. Cellulose is an example of ______
Cellulose
Glycogen
Starch
Maltose
Glycogen
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cellulose
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1027. Cellular membranes are permeable to _________, but impermeable to ___________.
Nutrients; wastes
Proteins; nutrients
Phosphates; wastes
Nutrients; proteins
Wastes; nutrients
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nutrients; proteins
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1028. Cells are _____.
Only found in pairs, because single cells cannot exist independently
Limited in size to 200 and 500 micrometers in diameter
Characteristic of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic organisms
Characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
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1029. Cardiac muscle is the only muscle composed of _____ fibers
Blood
Branched
Skeletal
Cell body.
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1030. Cancer occurs when signals for ________ are blocked or misinterpreted.
Apoptosis
D- mitosis
Oncogenes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Apoptosis
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1031. Caldarchaeol lipids are extremely thermostable tetraethers found in many _______.
Hyperthermophilic archaea
Purines and pyrimidines
Superficial mycoses
Factors that bind to host cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hyperthermophilic archaea
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1032. By-catch is a term for that part of the catch _______.
That is used to feed the ship's crew
Caught at the lowest depths
That was actually being fished for
That was not actually being fished for
Answer
Correct Answer:
That was not actually being fished for
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1033. Brain blood flow autoregulation ________.
Is abolished when abnormally high CO2 levels persist
Causes constriction of cerebral blood vessels in response to a drop in systemic blood pressure
Is less sensitive to pH than to a decreased oxygen level
Is controlled by cardiac centers in the pons
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is abolished when abnormally high CO2 levels persist
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1034. Both molecule a and molecule b are classified as __________.
Nucleic acids
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
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1035. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts _____.
Use an H+ gradient to produce ATP
Obtain electrons from water
Release oxygen as a by-product
Reduce NAD+, forming NADP
Answer
Correct Answer:
Use an H+ gradient to produce ATP
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1036. Bitter taste cells are located at the ________ of the tongue.
Edges
Back
Upper surface
None of these
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1037. Birds secrete uric acid as their nitrogenous waste because uric acid _____.
Is readily soluble in water
Is metabolically less expensive to synthesize than other excretory products
Requires little water for nitrogenous waste disposal, thus reducing body mass
Can be reused by birds as a protein source
Answer
Correct Answer:
Requires little water for nitrogenous waste disposal, thus reducing body mass
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1038. Biotic potential and _____ determine _____.
Environmental resistance; carrying capacity.
Exponential; growth
Produce many small offspring.
Carrying capacity; environmental resistance
Answer
Correct Answer:
Environmental resistance; carrying capacity.
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1039. Biological membranes contain bilayers containing mostly ______.
Triglycerides
Cholesterol
Phospholipids
Oils
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phospholipids
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1040. Biofuels are fuels that are made from all of the following except _________.
Petroleum
Sugar
Soybean
Palm oil
Answer
Correct Answer:
Petroleum
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1041. Binary fission is to asexual reproduction as __________ is to __________.
Dividing into two; genetically different offspring
Dividing into four; genetically different offspring
Mitosis; meiosis
Dividing into two; genetically identical offspring
Meiosis; mitosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dividing into two; genetically identical offspring
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1042. Besides annelids, segmentation is also seen in _____.
Arthropods
Mollusks
Flatworms
Vertebrates
Answer
Correct Answer:
Arthropods
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1043. Beginning within the nucleus, the first step leading to the synthesis of a polypeptide is _____
Passive transport
Transferring of information from DNA to messenger RNA
To make the proteins easy to see
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transferring of information from DNA to messenger RNA
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1044. Because prokaryotes do not have many specific structures they _____
Do not have many specific functions
Carry out all basic life activities
Bacteria help break down some foods.
They can reproduce quickly
Answer
Correct Answer:
Do not have many specific functions
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1045. Bats and hummingbirds are examples of _____
Endotherms that are also poikilotherms
Head transplants in humans
Genetically altering human embryos.
Serves, for example, to hold organs in place.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endotherms that are also poikilotherms
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1046. Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they _____.
Eukaryotic cells possess specialized membrane-bounded organelles.
Have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm
Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins.
Plant and animal cells both carry out cellular respiration, producing ATP
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm
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1047. Bacilli are ______ prokaryotes.
Rod-shaped
Endospores
Green algae
Dinoflagellates
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rod-shaped
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1048. Autonomic motor neurons utilize __________.
Nicotinic
Norepinephrine
A two-neuron chain to reach their effectors
Acetylchline
Answer
Correct Answer:
A two-neuron chain to reach their effectors
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1049. Classification of organisms into the domain eukarya is based primarily on _____.
Drier habitats
DNA (genetic evidence)
A single-celled bacterium
Angiosperm
Answer
Correct Answer:
DNA (genetic evidence)
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1050. By convention, nucleotide sequences are always written from the _____.
5' TGACATGCAT 3'
A sugar-phosphate linkage
Phosphate, hydroxyl
5' end to the 3' end
Answer
Correct Answer:
5' end to the 3' end
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1051. Dna methylation and histone acetylation are examples of _____.
Binds to tryptophan
Alternative splicing
Epigenetic phenomena
Starts when the pathway's substrate is present
Answer
Correct Answer:
Epigenetic phenomena
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1052. At some time during their life cycles, bryophytes make _____.
Sporangia
Microphylls
True roots
True leaves
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sporangia
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1053. At carrying capacity, the number of organisms being born equals the number of organisms _____.
Oxygen
Recycling
Dying
Climate
Camouflage
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1054. At a hydrothermal vent, _____.
Seawater seeps into the ocean floor through cracks in the crust
Seawater seeps out of the ocean floor through cracks in the crust
Bacteria and other organisms die due to lack of nutrients
Answer
Correct Answer:
Seawater seeps out of the ocean floor through cracks in the crust
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1055. As the [h3o+] of the solution decreases, the [oh-] ________.
Cohesion and adhesion
180 grams of glucose
Hydroxide ion (OH-)
Increases and thus pH increases
Nonpolar covalent bonding
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases and thus pH increases
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1056. As a result of the lytic cycle, _____.
The host cell's DNA is destroyed
Host cell membrane
Viral protein coat
T cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
The host cell's DNA is destroyed
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1057. As a result of splicing, most protein-coding genes can encode ______ protein.
This allows one gene to code for different mRNAs.
P stands for
TRNA transfers amino acids from RNA to the lengthening polypeptide chain.
The primary transcript is an exact RNA copy of the DNA coding sequence.
Answer
Correct Answer:
This allows one gene to code for different mRNAs.
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1058. As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____.
Is used up
Loses energy
Loses a phosphate group
Permanently alters its shape.
Is unchanged
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is unchanged
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1059. As a population approaches carrying capacity, environmental resistance __________.
Remains constant
Cannot be determined from the graph
Increases
Decreases
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases
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1060. As a group fungi are _____
Photoautotrophs
Decomposers
Herbivores
Carnivores
Chemoautotrophs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decomposers
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1061. Archaea and eubacteria were found to be most different because _____.
Habitat
Means of existance
Genetic make-up
Shape and arrangement of cells
How they move
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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1062. Arabidopsis is a model organism for the study of ________.
Plants
Genomics
Alleles
Phenotype
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1063. Applying the biological species concept, the production of ligers reveals that ______.
Being able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring
A post-zygotic barrier
Tigers and lions are separate species
Zoos are not natural environments.
A pre-zygotic barrier
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tigers and lions are separate species
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1064. Apicomplexans are currently assigned to the chromalveolates because __________.
They have life cycles with both sexual and asexual stages
They have true roots, stems, and leaves
They are parasites
The apicoplast, a modified plastid, appears to be of red algal origin
Both the first and third responses are correct.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The apicoplast, a modified plastid, appears to be of red algal origin
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1065. Annelids are to lophotrochozoans as _______ are to ecdysozoans
Flatworms
Cephalopods
Molluscs
Roundworms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Roundworms
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1066. Animals that sexually reproduce are _____ and produce _____ gametes.
Haploid; diploid
Haploid; haploid
Diploid; haploid
Diploid; diploid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid; haploid
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1067. Angiosperms _____.
Have flowers
Have cones
Are nonvascular
Are seedless
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have flowers
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1068. An rna molecule that can catalyze chemical reactions is called a_____.
Ribozyme
Protein
Amino acid
Stem-loop
All of these
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1069. An organism's trophic level refers to _____.
Where it lives
The rate at which it uses energy
Whether it is early or late in ecological succession
Its food source
The intensity of its competition with other species
Answer
Correct Answer:
Its food source
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1070. An organism with three embyronic tissue types belongs to the _____________.
Bilateria
Parazoa
Radiata
Cnidaria
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bilateria
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1071. An operon is ______.
Not bound to lactose
A set of bacterial genes that are regulated together and transcribed into a single RNA
A regulatory molecule binds to a protein to change its shape and activity
It induces transcription by binding to the repressor and causing its release from the operator
Answer
Correct Answer:
A set of bacterial genes that are regulated together and transcribed into a single RNA
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1072. An observation is _______.
A possible explanation for events using prior knowledge
Always quantitative
Made using any of the five senses
Always qualitative
Answer
Correct Answer:
Made using any of the five senses
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1073. An individual heterozygous for cystic fibrosis ______
Cannot have children with cystic fibrosis
Is a carrier
Will have children who are all carriers of cystic fibrosis
Has cystic fibrosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is a carrier
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1074. An experiment ________.
Involves only collection of quantitative data
Does not need to be repeated if well designed
Is designed to generate new scientific hypothesis
Is an activity designed to test the validity of a hypothesis
Often involves manipulating as many variables as possible
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is an activity designed to test the validity of a hypothesis
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1075. An exception to the one gene–one enzyme hypothesis is __________.
Three nucleotides code for a single amino acid
Do not code for amino acids that allow a releasing factor to bind to the A site of the ribosome
Coupled transcription and translation
The genetic code is nearly universal
That not all genes code for enzymes; some genes code for structural proteins such as keratin
Answer
Correct Answer:
That not all genes code for enzymes; some genes code for structural proteins such as keratin
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1076. An example of restoration ecology is ________.
Uses organisms to add essential materials to a degraded ecosystem
Uses organisms to detoxify polluted ecosystems
Over oceans, evaporation exceeds precipitation.
Restoring seaweed and seagrass beds of fish and shellfish nurseries
Nutrient enrichment such as nitrate and phosphate runoffs from land
Answer
Correct Answer:
Restoring seaweed and seagrass beds of fish and shellfish nurseries
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1077. An antigen _____.
Is a protein molecule that helps defend the body against disease
Is a foreign molecule that evokes a specific response by a lymphocyte
Induces development of white blood cells in the bone marrow
Is a protein attacked by an invading microorganism
Could be an invading bacterium
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is a foreign molecule that evokes a specific response by a lymphocyte
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1078. An anticodon is _____
Its strands have a sugar-phosphate backbone.
A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that signals the RNA polymerase to stop
RNA polymerase links nucleotides to form mRNA.
A set of triplet bases that is complementary to a codon triplet on mRNA
Serves as the template for the creation of two complete sets of DNA
Answer
Correct Answer:
A set of triplet bases that is complementary to a codon triplet on mRNA
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1079. An animal with a true coelom that has __________ cleavage must be a __________.
Animals have more specialized cells.
A body cavity.
Ectoderm and endoderm.
A multi-celled blastula.
Radial; deuterostome.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Radial; deuterostome.
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1080. An amino acid is to a protein as a ________ is to a nucleic acid.
Secondary
Nucleotide
Cellulose
Quaternary
Tertiary
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleotide
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1081. An allosteric molecule is one in which ________.
Changes the conformation of the effector thus changing the binding affinity to that effector
DNA binding domain
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Negative control
Answer
Correct Answer:
Changes the conformation of the effector thus changing the binding affinity to that effector
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1082. An adult male typically produces several __________ sperm a day.
100 million
1000 million
10 million
10000 million
Answer
Correct Answer:
100 million
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1083. Amino acids are seen in ______ as _______ are needed to create dna.
Protein; nucleotide
Fatty acid; hydroxides
Polysaccharide; carboxyl
RNA; glucose
Fats; sugars
Answer
Correct Answer:
Protein; nucleotide
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1084. Altruism is a form of prosocial behavior that is motivated by ________.
Selfless helping of others
Benefits; costs
Romantic love
Answer
Correct Answer:
Selfless helping of others
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1085. Although controversial, chromalveolates are proposed as a clade whose common ancestor __________.
Was a multinucleate mass
Engulfed an alpha proteobacterium in a primary endosymbiosis event
Engulfed a photosynthetic red alga in a secondary endosymbiosis event
Was the first mixotroph
Lost its mitochondria
Answer
Correct Answer:
Engulfed a photosynthetic red alga in a secondary endosymbiosis event
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1086. Altemeyer (2004) reported that _______ are among the most prejudiced persons in our society.
Rape victims acted in a provocative manner.
Automatic, implicit prejudice exists.
People high in social dominance and authoritarianism
Answer
Correct Answer:
People high in social dominance and authoritarianism
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1087. Alleles are described as ______.
Homologous chromosomes
Environmental factors that affect gene expression
Alternate versions of a gene
Alternate phenotypes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Alternate versions of a gene
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1088. All types of muscle tissue have _____.
Interactions between actin and myosin
Cells that lengthen when appropriately stimulated
Striated banding patterns seen under the microscope
A response that can be consciously controlled
Answer
Correct Answer:
Interactions between actin and myosin
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1089. All of the following characteristics describe neutrophils except that _________.
RBCs, Platelets, WBCs
Carbon dioxide; oxygen
Red bone marrow
They release histamine
The pH is slightly acidic
Answer
Correct Answer:
They release histamine
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1090. All of the following are epigenetic mechanisms, except ________.
Changing gene expression by the use of long noncoding RNAs
Changing gene expression by adding and removing methyl groups to DNA
Changing gene expression by adding and removing chemical groups to histone proteins
Changing gene expression by changing the nucleotide sequence through mutation
Changing gene expression by the use of small noncoding RNAs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Changing gene expression by the use of small noncoding RNAs
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1091. All of the following are common endemic diseases, except __________.
Smallpox
Malaria
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis A
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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1092. All of the following are characteristics of cancer cells except _____.
Ability to metastasize
Angiogenesis
Unmutated DNA
Unregulated mitosis
No apoptosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
No apoptosis
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1093. Algal bloom is an example of ______.
Eutrophication
Deforestation
Affluence
Intellectual property
Population
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eutrophication
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1094. Alcohol will make it easy for you to feel as if you're __________ when you're not.
Crashing
Falling
Standing still
Impaired
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1095. Agrosystems are prone to regular nutrient losses primarily because ________.
Not leaching into water supplies in the ground
Plants are harvested
Farms have become fewer in number and larger in size
Making an effort to maintain productive topsoil
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plants are harvested
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1096. Afterimages are best explained by the _____ processing theory.
Opponent
Retinal disparity
Color constancy.
Depth perception
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1097. Active transport must function continuously because __________.
Diffusion is constantly moving solutes in opposite directions
It bring in only a specifically targeted substance.
Na/K ATPase activity
2 different ions or molecules, both in the same direction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diffusion is constantly moving solutes in opposite directions
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1098. Activation energy is necessary for all ________ reactions.
Kinetic
Heat
Chemical
None of these
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1099. Action potentials occur in the _____.
Unmyelinated regions of an axon
Will make the membrane potential of a neuron's inner cell membrane more negative.
Calcium ion channels to open
Na+ gates open before K+ gates
Answer
Correct Answer:
Unmyelinated regions of an axon
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1100. According to this phylogenetic tree, annelids are most closely related to _____.
Platyhelminths
Arthropods
Molluscs
Echinoderms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Arthropods
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1101. According to the second law of thermodynamics, heat energy released by an organism is _____.
Released into the environment and unusable
Potential
The Sun
Tertiary
Kinetic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Released into the environment and unusable
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1102. According to the punctuated equilibrium model of evolution, __________.
An error in cell division occurred in the known species, leading to the development of an autopolyploid tetraploid offspring that evolved into the new species.
The tempo of evolution consists of abrupt episodes of speciation among long periods of equilibrium
There is no set number of genes or loci that produces a new species. Genetic and environmental factors interact.
A region in which members of different species meet and mate, producing at least some offspring of mixed ancestry
Answer
Correct Answer:
The tempo of evolution consists of abrupt episodes of speciation among long periods of equilibrium
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1103. According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes, phospholipids _____.
Can move laterally along the plane of the membrane
Frequently flip-flop from one side of the membrane to the other
Occur in an uninterrupted bilayer, with membrane proteins restricted to the surface of the membrane
Have hydrophilic tails in the interior of the membrane
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can move laterally along the plane of the membrane
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1104. According to the cell theory, all organisms are made of ____________________ .
Cells
Protein
Both
None of these
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1105. A(n) ________ removes hydrogen ions and a(n) ________ releases hydrogen ions.
Acid; quaternary
Acid; base
Base; acid
Covalent bonds; base
Answer
Correct Answer:
Base; acid
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1106. A(n) ________ is to reproductive cloning as a(n) ________ is to therapeutic cloning.
Generating; pharmaceuticals.
Only express; certain genes.
Proteomics; bioinformatics
Clone; specialized cell
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clone; specialized cell
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1107. A(n) _____ contains half as many chromosomes as other cells do.
Gamete
Gene
Zygote
Allele
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1108. A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of _____
Na+ ions moving out of the cell
Passive transport
Certain proteins are unique to each membrane.
Phagocytosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phagocytosis
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1109. A weed that exhibits resistance to an herbicide ________.
Inherited the gene that gave it resistance to the herbicide.
Accumulation of adaptive traits over a long period of time.
Geographical changes, such as mountains or continents shifting.
Fossils, anatomical comparisons, embryonic comparisons, DNA.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inherited the gene that gave it resistance to the herbicide.
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1110. A translocation is ______
A chromosome-level mutation
A mutated form of a gene that does not make a functioning product
A sequence in DNA that brings RNA polymerase near the site for transcription
The first and second bases
Answer
Correct Answer:
A chromosome-level mutation
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1111. A transitional fossil should _____.
Share some similarity with species that lived before it and some similarity with species that lived after it
The homologous structures may have arisen independently in the two species that are closely related
Dead animals that fall into water are more likely to be in conditions that allow fossilization
Different environments leading to the evolution of different types of limbs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Share some similarity with species that lived before it and some similarity with species that lived after it
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1112. A system at chemical equilibrium _____.
Can do no work
Endergonic
Releases energy at a steady rate
Has zero kinetic energy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can do no work
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1113. A sorting device that is useful in classifying by observation is a _____. dichotomy wedge taxon key
Taxon
Key
Wedge
Dichotomy
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1114. A small population that inbreeds may ________.
Increased vegetative productivity
Be drawn into an extinction vortex
Splitting of ecosystems into small fragments
Beneficial in the upper atmosphere
Answer
Correct Answer:
Be drawn into an extinction vortex
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1115. A single action potential is described as _______.
Not graded
Rapid rise
More action potentials
Subsequent
Answer
Correct Answer:
Not graded
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1116. A simple nervous system _____.
Must include chemical senses, mechanoreception, and vision
Includes a minimum of twelve effector neurons
Has information flow in only one direction: away from an integrating center
Includes sensory information, an integrating center, and effectors
Answer
Correct Answer:
Includes sensory information, an integrating center, and effectors
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1117. A silent mutation is so named because __________.
Can alter nitrogenous bases of DNA, resulting in incorrect base pairing.
The anticodon on the tRNA base pairs to the codon on the mRNA.
It can replace the base thymine, and can base pair with guanine rather than adenine.
It has no effect on the overall amino acid sequence
Answer
Correct Answer:
It has no effect on the overall amino acid sequence
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1118. A signal peptide __________.
Binds to its specific amino acid in the active site of an aminoAcl-RNA synthase
An RNA molecule that functions as an enzyme
Binding to the repressor and increasing its affinity for the operator
Is the first 20 or so amino acids of a protein destined for a membrane location or for secretion from the cell
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is the first 20 or so amino acids of a protein destined for a membrane location or for secretion from the cell
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1119. A rise in the blood concentration of hydrogen ions will cause ________.
Increased vagus nerve impulse
Relaxation of the diaphragm
Increased breathing rate
Decreased breathing rate
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increased breathing rate
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1120. A recessive trait will be observed in individuals that are ________ for that trait.
Heterozygous
Homozygous or heterozygous
Homozygous
Diploid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Homozygous
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1121. A recanalization of a blood _________________ by surgery is _______________________.
Clot; anticoagulation
Vessel; angioplasty
Vessel; diffusion
Aneurysm; endarterectomy
Vessel; anastomosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vessel; angioplasty
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1122. A prophage is a(n) __________.
It is stolen from the host cell, but it contains some proteins encoded by the viral genome.
Viral genome that has been incorporated into a bacterial cell's chromosome
The virus binds to specific receptors that are only present on certain immune cells
The viral envelope forms as the virus leaves the host cell
Answer
Correct Answer:
Viral genome that has been incorporated into a bacterial cell's chromosome
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1123. A primary immune response is the ______.
Production of primary-type antibodies in the first day of exposure to a microorganism
Immune response elicited by the primary antigen of a disease-causing microorganism
Immune response elicited by the primary antibody of a disease-causing microorganism
Immune response elicited by the first exposure of lymphocytes to a particular antigen
Answer
Correct Answer:
Immune response elicited by the primary antigen of a disease-causing microorganism
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1124. A point mutation that occurred within an intron would most likely be characterized as a __________.
Silent mutation
Deleterious mutation
Missense mutation
Frameshift mutation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Silent mutation
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1125. A physiologist is a biologist who studies the ______.
Structure of the body parts
Function of the body parts
Structure of living things
Evolution of animals
Physics of living things
Answer
Correct Answer:
Function of the body parts
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1126. A phototroph is to a chemotroph as _____.
A plant to an animal
Autotroph
Heterotroph
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
A plant to an animal
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1127. A paramecium is a(n) _____.
Ciliate
Apicomplexan
Diatom
Metazoan
Dinoflagellate
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1128. A new dna strand elongates only in the 5' to 3' direction because _____.
DNA polymerase III
DNA polymerase I
DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the free 3' end.
Helicase
The diameter of the helix
Answer
Correct Answer:
DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the free 3' end.
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1129. A neuron's nucleus is located in its _____
Cell body
Axon
Myelin sheath
Dendrite
Synaptic terminals
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1130. A nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along _____.
Dendrites
Synaptic terminals
Oligodendrocytes
Daxons
Nodes of Ranvier
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dendrites
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1131. A muscle fiber is ________.
Single muscle cell
Multi muscle cell
Both
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Single muscle cell
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1132. A mrna codon is complementary to the dna ________.
RNA polymerase
Cytosol
Triplet
None of these
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1133. A molecule becomes more oxidized when it __________.
It is stored as fat.
It is converted to heat.
It is used to make water from hydrogen ions and oxygen.
It is released as carbon dioxide and water
It is converted to starch.
Answer
Correct Answer:
It is converted to heat.
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1134. A macronutrient is a nutrient _______.
Fatty acids and glycerol
Proteins and fats
That is required in large amounts
Fluid buildup in the legs and feet
Answer
Correct Answer:
That is required in large amounts
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1135. A leukocyte is a _____ blood cell, and an erythrocyte is a _____ blood cell.
Red, white
White, red
Both
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
White, red
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1136. A laboratory might use dideoxyribonucleotides to _____.
Produce cDNA from mRNA
Visualize DNA expression
Separate DNA fragments
Sequence a DNA fragment
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sequence a DNA fragment
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1137. a knock-out allele is ______.
A chromosome-level mutation
SnRNPs that make up the spliceosome recognize and remove introns
A sequence in DNA that brings RNA polymerase near the site for transcription
A mutated form of a gene that does not make a functioning product
Answer
Correct Answer:
A mutated form of a gene that does not make a functioning product
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1138. A human skin cell is ________, while a human sperm cell is ________.
Sexual reproduction
Diploid; haploid
Binary fission
Haploid; diploid
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid; haploid
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1139. A given hormone affects ________.
All cells in the body, but different types of cells produce different responses to the hormone
Only specific target cells, because hormones are delivered only to those cells
All cells in the body, because hormones are secreted into blood, which is then transported everywhere
Only specific target cells, because nontarget cells lack the appropriate receptors
Answer
Correct Answer:
Only specific target cells, because nontarget cells lack the appropriate receptors
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1140. A final mrna transcript of 300 nucleotides would code for ______ amino acids.
4
24
100
CAU
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1141. A filamentous decomposer with cellulose cell walls could be a(n) __________.
Water mold
Zygote
Interphase
Anaphase
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water mold
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1142. A fertilized egg usually implants itself and develops in the _____
LH
Oviduct
FSH
14
Uterus
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1143. A fat that is completely hydrogenated would be ________.
Saturated fat
Solid fats
Trans fat
Unsaturated fat
Answer
Correct Answer:
Solid fats
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1144. A couple with a family history of certain diseases may be advised to undergo ________.
Genetic testing
Oophorectomy
Both
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Genetic testing
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1145. A coral reef is a _______.
Marine organism
Deep sea plant
Fragile, highly complex community
All of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fragile, highly complex community
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1146. A constitutive gene is _______ regulated and is expressed ____________.
LacOC, laclc
Positive
Not continually
Poly A tail
Answer
Correct Answer:
Not continually
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1147. A community that experiences major changes undergoes _____
Ecological change
Toxic events
Complete stability
Total destruction
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ecological change
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1148. A cleavage furrow is _____
Cyclin and a cyclin-dependent kinase
Genetically identical 2n somatic cells
An enzyme that attaches phosphate groups to other proteins
Groove in the plasma membrane between daughter nuclei
Aligning of chromosomes on the equator
Answer
Correct Answer:
Groove in the plasma membrane between daughter nuclei
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1149. A cell with a predominance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is likely specialized to ________.
Store large quantities of water
Import and export large quantities of protein
Actively secrete large quantities of protein
Synthesize large quantities of lipids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Synthesize large quantities of lipids
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1150. A cell with a predominance of rough endoplasmic reticulum is most likely ________.
The nuclear envelope is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum.
Producing large quantities of proteins for secretion
Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.
Cell fractionation to study the function of specific organelles
Answer
Correct Answer:
Producing large quantities of proteins for secretion
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1151. A ______ will always be expressed in the observable trait.
Chromosome
Recessive gene
Dominant gene
Physical feature
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dominant gene
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1152. _______is a type of drug that induces a soothing, lulling or dulling affect.
Stimulant
Depressant
Narcotic
Hallucinogen
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1153. __________ helps organisms transport nutrients.
Soil
Sap
Water
Wind
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1154. ________ is to xylem as ________ is to phloem.
Sclerenchyma cell; collenchyma cell
Apical meristem; vascular cambium
Vessel element; sieve-tube memberCortex; pith
Vascular cambium; cork cambium
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vascular cambium; cork cambium
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1155. ________ transmit pain that is sharp, nonchronic, and well localized.
D-fibers
C-fibers
A-delta fibers
B-delta fibers
Answer
Correct Answer:
A-delta fibers
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1156. ________ cells connect photoreceptors to ganglion cells.
Changing shape
Bipolar
Conductive
Maculae
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1157. ________ cavities are spaces within joints.
Synovial
Organ
Coxal
Pericardial
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1158. ________ are molecules that form the core structure of cell membranes and micelles.
Phospholipids
Explanation
Triglycerides
Steroids
Answer
Correct Answer:
Explanation
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1159. _______ dna is heteroplasmic, meaning it can differ among different parts of a person’s body.
Mitochondrial
Meiosis
Uracil
Is genetic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mitochondrial
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1160. _______ cells contain plasmids, ________ cells do not.
Hydrophilic; hydrophobic
Lack a true nucleus
Prokaryotic; eukaryotic
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prokaryotic; eukaryotic
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1161. _______ are to ribosomes as lipids are to _________.
Carbohydrates; rough endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleoli; lysosomes
Sugars; peroxisomes
Proteins; smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Answer
Correct Answer:
Proteins; smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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1162. ______ is to eating as ______ is to drinking.
Isotonic to its environment
Conservation of energy
Is hypotonic to the protozoan
Phagocytosis and pinocytosis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phagocytosis and pinocytosis
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1163. ______ is an example of bioremediation
Use of prokaryotes to treat sewage
Apicomplexans
Insects
Ecosystem
Answer
Correct Answer:
Use of prokaryotes to treat sewage
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1164. ______ contain(s) many ______, and ______ are instructions for producing ______.
Chromosomes; genes; genes; proteins
Genes; genes; proteins; Chromosomes
Genes; Chromosomes; genes; proteins
Chromosomes; proteins; genes; genes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chromosomes; genes; genes; proteins
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1165. _____ tissue can be liquid, solid, or semi-solid.
Connective
Epithelial
Nervous
Muscular
Answer
Correct Answer:
Connective
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1166. _____ helps plant cells divide and is located primarily in roots and fruits.
Gibberellin
Cytokinin
Ethylene
Geotrophism
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytokinin
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1167. _____ better mirrors the mitosis process.
Meiosis II
Interphase
Meiosis
Cytokinesis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Meiosis II
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1168. _____ are most likely to thrive in the desert.
Amphibians
Reptiles
Mammals
Birds
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1169. _____ are masses of cells full of pores.
Nemotoda: Round Worms
Mollusca: Mollusks
Porifera: Sponges
Both male and female reproductive organs
Answer
Correct Answer:
Porifera: Sponges
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1170. _____ are bacterial structures involved in the passage of dna into or out of the cell.
Produce ATP
Golgi apparatus
Cytoskeleton
Sex pili
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1171. ____ is best explained by the wear-and-tear theory of aging.
Cognitive and behavioral functioning
Incontinence
Declines between young adulthood and old age
Joint deterioration during osteoarthritis
Answer
Correct Answer:
Joint deterioration during osteoarthritis
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Biology MCQs | Topic-wise
