Botany MCQ
1. In a chemical reaction, the element 13al will most preferably ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lose three electrons and become positively charged
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2. The closest algal relatives of land plants are _____. see concept 29.1 (page 620)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Charophytes
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3. If you have ever had a cup of coffee or sipped a beer, you have taken a(n) _____ drug.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Psychoactive
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4. Human survival literally depends on the produce of _____. see concept 30.4 (page 647)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiosperms
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5. The left hemisphere has regions devoted to _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Math and logic.
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6. Sperm cells are formed in plants by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mitosis in male gametophyte
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7. Skeletal support in sponges is never provided by ____________________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Calcium-magnesium ion complexes
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8. Mycorrhiza help vascular plants to get _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Home-work-help.
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9. Kumquat is the most ___________________ type of citrus for arizona.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cold hardy
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10. The advantages of seeds, compared to spores, include ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Containing a nutrient store for a developing sporophyte
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11. A pine tree is a _____. bryophyte gymnosperm angiosperm
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12. The ________ is the protective chamber that houses the ovule and later matures to become the fruit.
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13. Human survival literally depends on the produce of _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiosperms
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14. Cellular differentiation and morphogenesis in plants depends primarily on _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Regulation of gene expression
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15. _______ support mangrove trees out of the water
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prop roots
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16. ________ are modified leaves that are often brightly colored and fragrant.
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17. Seaweed and kelp are _____ algae. brown red fire golden-brown
Answer
Correct Answer:
Golden-brown
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18. Roses and lilies are _____. bryophytes gymnosperms angiosperms
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiosperms
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19. A gene that affects the expression of a second gene is an example of __________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pleiotropy
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20. A gastropod, such as a __________, undergoes torsion and is usually underneath a single shell.
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21. Spores and seeds have basically the same function?dispersal?but are vastly different because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Spores are unicellular; seeds are not
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22. The most direct ancestors of land plants were probably _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Green algae
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23. The medium used in protoplast fusion experiments is _________.
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24. When you eat brussels sprouts, you are eating _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Large axillary buds.
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25. Unlike almost all ferns, seed plants ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produce two kinds of spores.
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26. The parts of a flower include all of the following except ______.
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27. The functional role of sporopollenin is primarily to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reduce dehydration.
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28. The development of the __________ prevents plants from drying out and protects them from microbes.
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29. One difference between algae and plants is that _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plants have roots, stems, or leaves.
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30. Nearly all food plants are classified as ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiosperms
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31. Much of the coal we use today came from ________ that lived during the carboniferous.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Seedless vascular plants
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32. Fungi belong to the clade ___________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Opisthokonts.
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33. During conifer reproduction pollen grains are released into the _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pollen tube
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34. Angiosperms _____. have flowers have cones are nonvascular are seedless
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35. The ______ helps plants retain water.
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36. A ____________ is a display of all of the chromosomes of an organism.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Karyotype
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37. Xerophytes minimize water loss by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Using the CAM pathway
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38. When a plant opens and closes its stomata, it is maintaining _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Homeostasis
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39. Water-storing plants and deeply-rooted shrubs are plants that characterize ______.
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40. Vascular plants hydrate photosynthetic cells using _____, whereas bryophytes do so using _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Soil water; surface water
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41. The transport of a water column up a very tall tree can be explained by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cohesive and adhesive forces of the water column under evaporative tension
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42. The major difference between angiosperms and gymnosperms comes from the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Presence or absence of a protective covering over the ovule
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43. Photosynthesis uses ____________ to produce atp, nadph, and o2.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Light energy
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44. The main source of water necessary for photosynthesis to occur in the leaf mesophyll is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Soil via the xylem
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45. The less common type of plant is the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrophytes
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46. The female structures of angiosperms are called __________, and they produce __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carpels ... ovules
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47. The apoplast in plant tissues consists of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cell walls, extracellular spaces, and vessel elements
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48. The angiosperm plant we see represents the ________ generation, and the flower produces ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gametophyte, Sporophytes
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49. Swimming sperm are produced in the ____ of the moss gametophyte stage.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antheridia
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50. Succulent plants that live in warm, arid region use mostly __________ pathway.
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51. Starch is produced by ________, and its major function is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plants; energy storage
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52. Seed bearing plants are grouped into two clades, namely __________ and ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both A & B
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53. Roses and lilies are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiosperms
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54. Reproduction of plants differs from reproduction of animals in that _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plants have a distinct, multicellular haploid phase
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55. Refer to the illustration of the leaf cross-section. the vein is made up of _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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56. Prop roots are the modified aerial adventitious roots of corn that ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Support tall, top-heavy plants
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57. Plants with specialized tissues that can transport fluids are _____.
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58. Plants maintain homeostasis by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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59. Plants cannot grow without ____.
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60. Plants are used for _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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61. Phloem is made up of living cells. phloem takes sugars in the _____ to the roots.
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62. Most plant roots grow in the ____________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A horizon
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63. Most bryophytes, such as mosses, differ from all other plants in that they __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lack vascular tissue
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64. In the symbiotic relationship that produces lichens, a(n) _____ feeds the fungus.
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65. In pines, an embryo is a(n) _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Immature sporophyte
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66. In ferns, the _____ generation is physically larger.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid sporophyte
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67. In c4 and cam plants carbon dioxide is fixed in the _____ of mesophyll cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytoplasm
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68. In angiosperms, pollen grains develop in the ________ and are trapped by the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anther... Stigma
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69. If you walk through an area with mosses and ferns, you are seeing ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both sporophyte and gametophyte generations
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70. Gametes in plants are produced by ___________________ during the ______________ generation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Special organs; gametophyte
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71. During _____, pollen moves from the stamen to the pistil.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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72. As the sun moves throughout the day, some plants can follow it. this is called _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Solar tracking
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73. All the species classified under the plantae kingdom are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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74. __________ is a behavioral, directional response to a stimulus.
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75. Fungi release digestive enzymes into their _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Surroundings
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76. Fungi produce _____ spores.
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77. Solar tracking, or _____, is a plant's growth toward light.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phototropism
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78. Orchid bees are to brazil nut trees as ________ are to pine trees.
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79. Nearly all food plants are as ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiosperms
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80. The edible portion of a(n) ______ is a ripened ovary.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cucumber.
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81. Agricultural lands frequently require nutrient augmentation because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The nutrients that become the biomass of plants are not cycled back to the soil on lands where they are harvested
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82. The ancestors of land plants were probably ________ that lived in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Green algae similar to charophytes; coastal marshes or lake fringes
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83. Phototropism is a _____ tropism involving _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Positive; sunlight
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84. In alternation of generations, a haploid gametophyte goes through mitosis to form a ____ gamete.
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85. In the moss life cycle _____ cells within a sporangium undergo _____ to produce _____ spores.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid ... meiosis ... haploid
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86. In flowering plants, the main visible plant body is the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid sporophyte
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87. Compared to most animals, the growth of most plant structure is best described as _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Indeterminate
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88. Vascular plants consist of about _____ of all living plant species.
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89. The closest algal relatives of land plants are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Charophytes
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90. The breakdown of chlorophyll reveals the _____ pigments of a leaf.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carotenoid
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91. Pollination of angiosperms is mediated by __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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92. Intestinal gas is evidence of active ________ in one's digestive tract.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Methanogens
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93. Fungi contact and absorb food through the ________, a branching network of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hyphae; mycelia
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94. Chemicals, secreted by soil fungi, which inhibit the growth of bacteria, are known as _____.
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95. At some time during their life cycles, bryophytes make _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sporangia
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96. A specialized fleshy stem used for food storage and reproduction is a _____.
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97. A fleshy, enlarged end of a rhizome or stolon is called a _____.
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98. A _____ is a horizontal stem that can divide and grow in several directions at once.
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99. Trichomes or leaf hairs are derived from ________ in plants.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dermal tissues
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100. The plant tissue system most analogous to our circulatory system is the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vascular tissue
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101. The only type of growth in most monocots is ____________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Primary growth
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102. The growth stage of plants consists mostly of _____.
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103. The _____ is commonly called bark.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Epidermis
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104. Strawberry plants reproduce by using _____.
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105. Primary production by photosynthetic protists is considered ""primary"" because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
These protists produce chemical energy by fixing CO2
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106. Monocots and eudicots are so named due to differences in the number of leaves on the _______.
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107. Molecular phylogenies show all land plants are a monophyletic group. this suggests ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
There was a single transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats
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108. Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cell elongation localized in each internode.
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109. Evergreen trees lose their leaves _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Steadily all year
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110. About 450 million years ago, the terrestrial landscape on earth would have _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Had non-vascular, green plants similar to liverworts forming green mats on rock
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111. Plants in the phylum bryophyta grow in areas that are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Damp and shady
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112. Vessel elements are dead cells that are part of _____ and conduct _____ through hollow tubes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Xylem; water
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113. Mitosis occurs in _____; meiosis occurs in _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Somatic or body cells … germ cells in the testes or ovaries
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114. A tomato plant is a type of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiosperms
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115. The _____ cells are undifferentiated and produce new cells in order to grow.
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116. Meristematic cells called the _____ add width to the plant body.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vascular cambium
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117. As fuels, wood and coal _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are both formed from living or fossil plants
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118. Plant meristematic cells _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are undifferentiated cells that produce new cells
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119. Root hairs are important to a plant because they _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increase the surface area for absorption
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120. Compared to nonvascular plants, the ancient relatives of vascular plants ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produced sporophyte generations independent of, not dependent on, gametophyte generations
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121. Refer to the illustration of the flower. structure 3 _______________________..
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is often sticky or has hairs
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122. Refer to the illustration of a plant life cycle. the structures at point 3 are called ___________.
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123. Producing energy that fuels the activities of the cell is a function of the __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mitochondria
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124. In addition to transporting sugar, the phloem also _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transports proteins throughout the plant
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125. Cells harvest energy from food molecules by _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Respiration
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126. Bulk flow is analogous to a __________ and diffusion is analogous to a __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Convection oven; conduction oven
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127. Bipedal organisms have a ________ spine while quadrupedal organisms have a ________ spine
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128. A plant with high _____ is healthy and rigid.
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129. A plant cell placed in a solution with a lower (more negative) water potential will __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lose water and plasmolyze
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130. In sexual reproduction of land plants, generations alternate between _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Making gametes and making spores, the two generations are called gametophyte and sporophyte
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131. The cones of gymnosperms play the same role as ______ in angiosperms.
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132. Pollen grains are defined as gametophytes because they ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are multicellular and produce sperm via mitosis
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133. In the pine, microsporangia form _____ microspores by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Haploid ... meiosis
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134. The sperm produced by mosses require _____ to reach an archegonium.
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135. Angiosperms _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produces flower and seed
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136. The edible portion of the mushroom is the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Above-ground reproductive structure
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137. The conspicuous part of a fern plant is a _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diploid sporophyte
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138. In mosses gametes are produced by _____; in ferns gametes are produced by
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mitosis ... mitosis
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139. Gametophytes reproduce ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
By producing sperm and eggs
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140. Basidia produce spores by a process known as _____.
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141. Xylem is indicated by the letter _____.
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142. Vessel elements are more efficient at transporting water than tracheids because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vessel elements are wide
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143. The polarity of a plant is established when _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The shoot-root axis is established in the embryo
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144. The pollen tube grows from the ________ to the ________, where it eventually fertilizes the egg.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stigma; ovule
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145. The pollen grain is to gymnosperms as the ______ is to angiosperms.
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146. The function of a mushroom is to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produce spores
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147. "the advantages of the reduced gametophytes in seed plants include ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sporophyte dominant
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148. Spruces and pines both have needlelike leaves, with the adaptive advantage of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decreased surface area, reducing water loss
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149. Plasmogamy is indicated by the letter _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plasmogamy is the fusion of hyphae
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150. Plants contain meristems whose major function is to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produce more cells.
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151. Nutritionally, all fungi are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chemoheterotrophs
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152. Non-vascular plants include all the following types of plants except _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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153. Most plants flower when _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
The nights are the right length; The flowering of many plants is stimulated by the duration of periods of uninterrupted darkness.
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154. Interspecific competition is reduced by the adaptation of ______
Answer
Correct Answer:
Resource partitioning
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155. In the process of alternation of generations, the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sporophyte is diploid and produces spores
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156. In pine, the embryo develops within the __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Female gametophyte
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157. In moss, _____ produce sperm.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antheridia
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158. In flowering plants, the gametophyte is ______ the sporophyte.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Much smaller than
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159. In ______ the gametophyte is more obvious than the sporophyte.
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160. Hyphae are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thin filaments
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161. Heartwood and sapwood consist of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Secondary xylem
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162. Gametophytes produce ______.
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163. Gametophytes are ________; sporophytes are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Haploid... diploid
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164. Fungal diseases common in ________ include ________ and ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plants; smuts; rusts
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165. Flowering plants are ______
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angiosperms
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166. During the growth stage, plants ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Begin making their own food via photosynthesis
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167. During the alternation of generations in plants, _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mitosis produces gametes
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168. Compared to eukaryotes, prokaryotes are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Simpler morphologically, but not more evolutionarily primitive
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169. Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Secondary tissues
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170. Angiosperms are different from all other plants because only they have __________.
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171. A root hair is a(n) _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An extension of an individual cell that absorbs water from soil
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172. A chloroplast that is the result of secondary endosymbiosis would have _______ membrane(s).
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173. ______ are seedless vascular plants
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174. _____ are angiosperms.
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Biology MCQs | Topic-wise
