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Mastering Biology MCQ

Similar species can coexist in a community by using _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Resource partitioning

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In order to prevent contamination of groundwater, landfills must __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Be at least 6 meters above the water table

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In the embden-meyerhof pathway, one mole of _____ is converted into two moles of pyruvic acid.

Answer

Correct Answer: Glucose

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The characteristic that all lipids have in common is that _____. see concept 5.3 (page 72)

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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In animal populations, ddt causes _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Birth defects

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In the ecosystem energy budget, primary productivity is like _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Income

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In brightness, jupiter is second only to the planet _____ most of the time.

Answer

Correct Answer: Venus

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Phagocytosis is exemplified by __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Most types of white blood cells ingesting bacteria,

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Translation occurs in the _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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Erosion of most of the grand canyon too place over past ____.

Answer

Correct Answer: 5 million years

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Goal emphasis and work facilitation are _____ leadership behavior dimensions.

Answer

Correct Answer: Job-centered

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The ______is the portion of the atmosphere in which the ozone shield occurs.

Answer

Correct Answer: Stratosphere

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The main hypothesis about the origin of the first living organisms is called ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Biogenesis.

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In a macrosociological examination of street people, one would study __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Where they fit within the American class system

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As the author puts it, social structure is the __________ in our lives.

Answer

Correct Answer: Framework

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The main homeostatically regulated compartment of the body is __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Extracellular fluid

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Conjunctivitis does not directly affect ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: The conjunctival sac

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Thermal conduction mostly involves the motion of _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Electrons

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Huygens' principle features wavefronts that are composed of _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Overlapping waves

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________ is the acquired inability to mount an adaptive immune response against self.

Answer

Correct Answer: Tolerance

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Compared to type a axons, type c axons are __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: All of the listed responses are correct

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Fts proteins are essential for bacterial cell division because they __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: All of the listed responses are correct

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Fluoroquinolones are the treatment prescribed for otitis externa, which is due to a __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Bacterial infection

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Climate represents the ____ behavior of an environmental system.

Answer

Correct Answer: Long-term

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________ does not generally determine the erosive effectiveness of a stream.

Answer

Correct Answer: Saltiness

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From his observations of organisms in the galapagos islands, darwin reasoned that _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Organisms had adapted to new environments, giving rise to new species

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Ergot poisoning __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: May cause hallucinogenic symptoms

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Taste receptors are found primarily on the tongue, but may also be found ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Soft palate, epiglottis, pharynx, and inner surface of the cheeks.

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Sugars are mainly used by our bodies _____

Answer

Correct Answer: Fuel

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In a rapidly changing environment, protists tend to reproduce _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Via sexual reproduction

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Hybrid zones provide an opportunity to investigate _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: The evolution of reproductive isolation

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Humans are composed of ______ cells.

Answer

Correct Answer: Eukaryotic

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Charles darwin _____. see concept 22.2 (page 469)

Answer

Correct Answer: Proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution

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An acid is a substance that _____. see concept 3.3 (page 51)

Answer

Correct Answer: Increases the hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous solution

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Based on their inability to detect stellar parallax, the ancient greeks concluded that _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Either Earth is the center of the universe, or stars are extremely far away

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According to present understanding, a nova is caused by ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hydrogen fusion on the surface of a white dwarf

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According to jackie, __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: The green light illuminates her before the red light because she sees the green light flash first

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On a global scale, energy _____ ecosystems whereas chemical elements _____ ecosystems.

Answer

Correct Answer: Flows through ... are recycled in

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The right ventricle of the heart pumps ______________blood into the______________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Deoxygenated, pulmonary arteries

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The results of a test of visual acuity are 20/15. this individual ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Has better than normal vision

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The highlighted structure is defined as serving a single ________ segment.

Answer

Correct Answer: Bronchopulmonary

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The ________ of the microscope carries three or four objective lenses.

Answer

Correct Answer: Nosepiece

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Motor cortex and somatosensory cortex are _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Organized in similar manner adjacent to each other

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The baroreceptor reflex response to high blood pressure is __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Vasodilation and decreased cardiac output

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Healthy corals are brightly colored because they _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Host symbionts with colorful photosynthetic pigments

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Fluidity of an animal cell plasma membrane is enhanced by __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Cholesterol molecules

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Most digestive enzymes catalyze __________ reactions.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hydrolysis

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A ball freely falling at 20 m/s will in the next second have a speed of ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: 30 m/s

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Hyaluronidase and collagenase both allow bacteria to _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Invade a host's tissues - Hyaluronidase allows bacteria to pass between cells, and collagenase degrades connective tissue. pg.428

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Complementation analysis is used to determine __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Whether two mutations that produce the same phenotype reside in the same or different genes

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Bacteria present in the __________ can be phagocytosed by paneth cells.

Answer

Correct Answer: Small intestine

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In an interrupted mating experiment, the purpose of plating cells on a selective medium is _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: To ensure that only recombinant genotypes are recovered

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Manufacturers make vegetable oils solid or semisolid by _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Adding hydrogens

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The binding of h+ ions to soil particles _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Displaces mineral cations,

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Amoebae move by crawling over a surface (cell crawling), which involves ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Growth of actin filaments to form bulges in the plasma membrane.

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A seal that just ate a clam is eaten by a shark. the shark is acting as a _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Tertiary consumer

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_____ were the dominant vertebrate life form during the paleozoic era.

Answer

Correct Answer: Amphibians

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When two monosaccharides link to form a disaccharide, the by-product is __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Water

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The anatomical location for the typical union of a sperm and an egg (conception) is the _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Oviducts

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According to this graph, the world population doubled between _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: 1930 and 1975

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_____ bind(s) to dna enhancer regions

Answer

Correct Answer: Activators

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The highly branched structures of lungs, gills, and roots are an adaptation for __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Diffusion of molecules and ions across surfaces

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During ventricular systole, the blood pressure __________ and ventricular volume __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Increases; decreases

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During gastrulation, a(n) _____ forms.

Answer

Correct Answer: Simple digestive cavity

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Lipids are insoluble in water because_____.

Answer

Correct Answer: They contain nonpolar C-C and C-H bonds

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Greasy, frothy diarrhea with the smell of __________ may indicate giardiasis.

Answer

Correct Answer: Rotten eggs

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The ionized or dissociated carboxyl group may be written as __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: -COO -,

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Cup fungi are in the phylum _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Ascomycota

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Molecules that are amphipathic must contain _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions

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Hot spots are usually chosen for nature preserves because they _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Save habitat for threatened and endangered species

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In the accompanying image, a nucleotide is indicated by the letter _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: B

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Coupled transporters that move solutes in the same direction are called _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Symporters

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A paramecium is a(n) _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Ciliate

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__________ arose very early in hominid evolution; __________ evolved more recently.

Answer

Correct Answer: Upright posture; large brains

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Breathing faster when we exercise is necessary to expel ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Carbon dioxide and bring in more oxygen to support aerobic metabolism.

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Saturn's rings look bright because __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Light from the Sun reflects off the material in the rings

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Complete the following sentence. the operation of the na+/k+ atpase pump __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Moves 3 Na+ to the ECF and 2 K+ to the cytoplasm

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Increased muscle fiber endurance can be produced by __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: The type of activity performed

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When a cue ball strikes an 8 ball head-on in a game of pool, the cue ball _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Transfers its momentum to the 8 ball.

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The entity that travels about the speed of light in an electric circuit is _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Electric field.

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Worldwide, the largest percentage of freshwater readily available to humans is stored in _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Pore spaces between rocks and sediments.

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Immediately after the primers have annealed to the target sequence, _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: The temperature is raised so that taq polymerase can extend the p

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There is(are) _____ eukaryotic domain(s)

Answer

Correct Answer: One

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The result of the following cross indicates that the genotype of the male parent is _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: RR.

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Flowering plants first appeared during the _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Mesozoic

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Van der waals interactions may result when _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Electrons are not symmetrically distributed in a molecule

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The innermost electron shell of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons

Answer

Correct Answer: 2

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Organisms that can cause nongonococcal urethritis are classified with _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Chlamydias

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Nucleoli are present during _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Metaphase

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Most of the temperate grassland in north america has been converted to ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Farmland

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If the direction of earth's rotation reversed, the most predictable effect would be ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Winds blowing from west to east along the equator

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Feathers either play a role, or may have played a role, in _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Is rapid speciation under conditions in which there is little competition.

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A signal transduction pathway is initiated when a _____ binds to a receptor.

Answer

Correct Answer: Signal molecule

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________ is a compound produced by sponges that can kill ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Cribrostatin; cancer cells and drug-resistant strains of Streptococcus

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The first confirmed detections of extrasolar planets occurred in ____________.

Answer

Correct Answer: The 1990's

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Increasing the strength of the stimulus applied to the sensory receptor increased _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: The frequency of action potentials

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In an ischemic heart, the affected cardiac muscle cells are likely to have an altered ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Resting member potential

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All of the following might lead to a disease caused by an opportunistic pathogen except __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: An encounter with an infected animal. Immune suppression, changes in one's diet, and hormonal changes can all lead to an opportunistic infection sulting in disease.

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Without surfactant, _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: The surface tension of the liquid in the alveoli would be greater and the alveoli would collapse.

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The foramen ovale and the ductus arteriosus are both examples of __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Pulmonary bypass shunts, which serve to bypass the lungs

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Emotion, motivation, olfaction, behavior, and memory, in humans, are mediated by the _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Limbic system

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A knee-jerk reflex that is unusually strong may be caused by ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Transmission of excitatory signals from the brain to the neurons that form the femoral

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__________ is the key hormone regulator of the postabsorptive state.

Answer

Correct Answer: Glucagon

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If one organ is an exaptation of another organ, then these two organs _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Are homologous

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The binding of signal molecules to _____ results in the phosphorylation of tyrosines.

Answer

Correct Answer: C

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Adjusting the ______ increases or decreases the crispness of objects in the photo.

Answer

Correct Answer: Sharpness

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__________ are lymphocytes that coordinate cellular and humoral immune responses.

Answer

Correct Answer: T helper cells.

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This animation illustrates the functioning of a _____ protein

Answer

Correct Answer: Transport

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Inflammatory mediators such as bradykinin and histamine cause blood vessels to _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Vasodilate

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The process of blood clotting leads to the formation of _____ a potent mediator of inflammation.

Answer

Correct Answer: Bradykinin.

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This is an animation of the movement of water and ions through the root ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Via the apoplastic route.

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Blood is best classified as connective tissue because _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Its cells are separated from each other by an extracellular matrix.

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The major difference between angiosperms and gymnosperms comes from the _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Presence or absence of a protective covering over the ovule

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Each water molecule is joined to _____ other water molecules by ____ bonds.

Answer

Correct Answer: Four ... hydrogen

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Sexual reproduction includes a reproductive pattern called _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hermaphroditism

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In signal transduction, phosphatases _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Inactivate protein kinases and turn off the signal transduction

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Throughout most of human history, human population size _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Grew very slowly

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The observed distribution of alleles into gametes is an illustration of _____

Answer

Correct Answer: Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment

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The channels that provide for the movement of potassium in the resting neuron are _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Leakage

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The benthic zone of aquatic environments is defined as the _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Substrate at the bottom

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Saltatory propagation occurs in _________ axons, in which action potentials _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Myelinated; move from one node of Ranvier to another

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Passive movement of a solute by a carrier protein is called __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Facilitated diffusion

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On an evolutionary tree, __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Homologous characteristics form a nested pattern

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In the theme of biological organization, the approach called reductionism __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Allows us to reduce complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study

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_______ are present in prokaryotes, and bind to and direct the polymerase to specific promoters.

Answer

Correct Answer: Sigma factors

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_____ are toxins that are the lipopolysaccharide of the outer membrane of gram-negative cell walls.

Answer

Correct Answer: Endotoxins

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____ provide(s) the information for the assembly of amino acids into a particular protein.

Answer

Correct Answer: DNA

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A water molecule can bond to up to _____ other water molecules by ____ bonds.

Answer

Correct Answer: Four ... hydrogen

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Differential gene expression is the result of different cells containing different ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Regulatory proteins

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A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of _____

Answer

Correct Answer: Phagocytosis

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Increased water reabsorption in the descending limb of the nephron loop will result in __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Increased NaCl reabsorption in the ascending limb

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Zygosporangia are _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Heterokaryotic

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In glycolysis, atp molecules are produced by _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Substrate-level phosphorylation

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Endocytosis moves materials _____ a cell via

Answer

Correct Answer: Into ... membranous vesicles

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When interspecific competition has an outcome called competitive exclusion, _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: The inferior competitor will be eliminated

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Two fundamental concepts about the ion channels of a ""resting"" neuron are that the channels _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Open and close depending on stimuli and are specific as to which ion can traverse them

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Trace elements _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Are required in very small amounts

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This pair of molecules are _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Isomers

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The wing of a penguin is ________ the wing of a butterfly.

Answer

Correct Answer: Analogous to

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These molecules are _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Structural isomers

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