Biology MCQ
In childhood, how children react to a serious stressor depends primarily on _____.
What the stressor is
Accumulated stressors
Whether the stressor is economic
Whether the stressor affects other siblings too
Answer
Correct Answer:
Accumulated stressors
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Intimacy is the desire for _____.
Social connection
Generativity
Sexual intercourse
Self-esteem
Answer
Correct Answer:
Social connection
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Elyse and ellen are fraternal twins. they are the result of _____.
One ovum fertilized by one sperm that split into two zygotes
Two separate ova that were fertilized by two different sperm
One ovum that was fertilized by two sperms
Two ova that were fertilized by one sperm
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two separate ova that were fertilized by two different sperm
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Elongation of bones is accomplished via ____________ growth.
Interstitial
Stitial
Both
None
Answer
Correct Answer:
Interstitial
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For the frog heart, temperature and heart rate are _______.
Vasodilation and sweating
Acetylcholine
A compensatory pause followed
Directly proportional
Digitalis and atropine
Answer
Correct Answer:
Directly proportional
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__________ have 46 chromosomes, whereas __________ have 23.
Type A spermatogonia; type B spermatogonia
Primary spermatocytes; spermatids
Spermatogonia; primary spermatocytes
Secondary spermatocytes; primary spermatocytes
Spermatids; spermatozoa
Answer
Correct Answer:
Primary spermatocytes; spermatids
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Damage to v1 produces ____ and damage to a1 produces ____.
Blindness, deafness to complex sounds
Hair cells in the cochlea vibrate, causing ion channels to open in their membrane
Mechanical displacement
None of this
Answer
Correct Answer:
Blindness, deafness to complex sounds
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If an organism has a relatively large number of hox genes in its genome, it most likely _____.
Adaptive radiation
Cladistic bias
Hard body parts
Has a relatively complex anatomy
Answer
Correct Answer:
Has a relatively complex anatomy
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During gastrulation in frogs, cells from the animal pole spread over the embryo and form the _____.
Ectoderm
Notochord
Blastopore
Backbone
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____ occur over time and slowly deteriorate the organization's capacity to withstand their effects.
Rapid onset disasters
Trigger
Actions after
Slow onset disasters
Answer
Correct Answer:
Slow onset disasters
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An earthworm receives support and shape from its fluid-filled cavity. it has _____.
Hydroskeleton
Pupa Stage
Adult
Asexual
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydroskeleton
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Mollusks like clams and snails have a simple heart that pumps _____ through open-ended vessels.
1
3
2
5
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The radial symmetry of adult echinoderms could best be described as ________.
Pentaradial
Biradial
Triradial
Quadriradial
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pentaradial
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The last major organ system to develop during fetal life is the _____.
Heart
Lungs
Kidneys
Veins
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The decidua basalis is ________.
Destined to remain in the uterus after the birth of the infant
Located between the developing embryo and the myometrium
Not a maternal contribution to the placenta
The tissue that surrounds the uterine cavity face of the implanted embryo
Answer
Correct Answer:
Located between the developing embryo and the myometrium
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The body of the human embryo develops from the _____ of the blastocyst.
Inner cell mass
Outer cell mass
Neither inner nor outer cell mass
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inner cell mass
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The result of polyspermy in humans is ________.
Multiple births
A nonfunctional zygote
Interruption of meiosis
Mitotic insufficiency
Answer
Correct Answer:
A nonfunctional zygote
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Implantation of the blastocyst is the result of all of the following except ________.
Adherence of the trophoblast cells to the endometrium
Settling of the blastocyst onto the prepared uterine lining
Proteolytic enzymes produced by typhoblast cells
Phagocytosis by the trophoblast cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phagocytosis by the trophoblast cells
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At the moment of sperm penetration, human eggs _____.
Are still surrounded by follicular cells
Have a paper-thin cell of calcium carbonate that prevents desiccation
Have used flagellar propulsion to move from the ovary to the oviduct
Are still located within the ovary
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are still surrounded by follicular cells
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More people die of ______ cancer than of any other cancer.
Lung.
Skin.
Cervical.
Pancreatic.
Breast.
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In an operon, the ______ acts as an on/off switch.
Operator
Regulatory gene
Promoter
Activator
Repressor
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Between the seventh and the ninth days after fertilization, __________ occurs.
Implantation
Activation
Both a and b
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Implantation
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During gastrulation in frogs, a rod of mesoderm under the dorsal surface forms the _____.
Blastopore
Notochord
Ectoderm
Spinal cord
Answer
Correct Answer:
Notochord
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In an operon, the ______ acts as an on/off switch.
Operator
Regulatory gene
Promoter
Activator
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If fertilization occurs, the ________ is maintained because the embryo secretes ________.
Corpus albicans; human chorionic gonadotrophin
Corpus luteum; luteinizing hormone
Corpus cavernosum; human chorionic gonadotrophin
Corpus luteum; human chorionic gonadotrophin
Answer
Correct Answer:
Corpus luteum; human chorionic gonadotrophin
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The formation of endodermal and ectodermal germ layers occurs at ________.
Fertilization
Cleavage
Gastrulation
Blastula formation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gastrulation
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The first stage of embryonic development is _____. this process produces _____.
Neurulation ... a neurula
Gastrulation ... a three-layered embryo
Cleavage ... a cluster of cells
Parturition ... a fetus
Ovulation ... a zygote
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cleavage ... a cluster of cells
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Myod promotes muscle cell development by __________.
Proximal control elements and distal enhancers
Does not respond to the chemical signals that control cell division
Turning on the expression of multiple muscle-related genes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Turning on the expression of multiple muscle-related genes
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Neural tissue is formed by the ________.
Ectoderm
Gastrula
Blastocoel
Morula
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In the process of embryonic development the _______ develops first
Blastocyst
Gastrula
Blastocoel
Morula
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During the period of the embryo, the __________ becomes the __________.
Endoderm; digestive system, lungs, urinary tract, and glands
Mesoderm; nervous system, lungs, internal organs, and skin
Both A & B
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both A & B
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During fertilization, the acrosomal contents _____.
Block polyspermy
Help propel more sperm toward the egg
Digest the protective jelly coat on the surface of the egg
Trigger the completion of meiosis by the sperm
Answer
Correct Answer:
Digest the protective jelly coat on the surface of the egg
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In the thoracic region, the __________ form(s) from the inner tube of the body.
Epiblast and hypoblast
The middle of week 3
Respiratory structures
Limb buds appear
Answer
Correct Answer:
Respiratory structures
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Prolactin is to milk __________ as oxytocin is to milk __________.
Production; ejection
A trait is controlled by the combined effects of multiple genes
Dilation, expulsion and placental stages
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Production; ejection
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The bicoid gene product is directly responsible for _____ in a developing drosophila embryo.
The combinatorial effects of specific MADS box gene expression in specific regions of the developing flower
One kind of floral organ is replaced by another.
The establishment of the anterior-posterior axis
To dissolve the coating of the egg
Answer
Correct Answer:
The establishment of the anterior-posterior axis
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The bicoid gene is transcribed by _____.
Egg-polarity
Gastrulation
Nurse cells
Two-headed fly
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nurse cells
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The trp (tryptophan) operon is an example of a(n) __________ operon.
Anabolic pathway; feedback inhibition
Repressor protein; tryptophan; active corepressor
Substrate; repressor; inactive
Allolactose, the isomer of lactose
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anabolic pathway; feedback inhibition
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Heterozygous individuals with just one recessive allele __________ to their children. .
Can pass the trait
Can pass the information
Can pass the gene
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can pass the trait
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A sperm cell's acrosome ________.
Fuses with the plasma membrane of the egg cell
Contains the sperm's nucleus and is the part of the sperm that enters the egg during fertilization
Contains the sperm's mitochondria
Contains enzymes that are released when the sperm encounters an egg and dissolves a hole in the jellylike matrix that surrounds the egg
Contains the fuel that powers the sperm
Answer
Correct Answer:
Contains enzymes that are released when the sperm encounters an egg and dissolves a hole in the jellylike matrix that surrounds the egg
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Regulatory transcription factors _____.
Influence the assembly of the basal transcription complex
Bind to other proteins or to the TATA box
Off through their association in nucleosomes
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Influence the assembly of the basal transcription complex
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Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly because they __________
Lysis of the cell
Cells escape the control methods that normally regulate cells
Express different genes
When the cell synthesizes proteins that are specific to a particular cell type
Answer
Correct Answer:
Express different genes
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If a drosophila female has a homozygous mutation for a maternal effect gene, _____.
An old DNA strand is used as a template for the synthesis of a complementary new strand.
All of her offspring will show the mutant phenotype, regardless of their genotype.
Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than adult stem cells.
Lifts away from the egg and hardens to form a fertilization envelope
Bind to other proteins or to a sequence element within the promoter called the TATA box
Answer
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All of her offspring will show the mutant phenotype, regardless of their genotype.
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Gap genes, segment-polarity genes, and homeotic genes all _____.
Gastrulation
Anterior
Posterior
Transcription
Segment
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transcription
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Ectoderm is to ________ as mesoderm is to ________.
Neural tissue; muscle tissue
Cardiovascular system; neural tissue
Mesoderm; endoderm
Neural tissue; epithelial tissue
Muscle tissue; neural tissue
Answer
Correct Answer:
Neural tissue; muscle tissue
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During the early development of a human embryo, the _____ eventually forms the _____.
Epiblast ... ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal tissues
Hypoblast ... amniotic cavity
Trophoblast ... embryo proper
Epiblast ... placenta
Blastocoel ... archenteron
Answer
Correct Answer:
Epiblast ... ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal tissues
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During gastrulation, invagination occurs at the _____.
Archenteron
Blastocoel
Endometrium
Blastopore
Trophoblast
Answer
Correct Answer:
Blastopore
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Cell differentiation always involves __________.
The production of tissue-specific proteins
Lysis of the cell
Proto-oncogenes are necessary for the normal control of cell growth and division.
Proto-oncogenes can become oncogenes when a mutation or other genetic change increases the activity of the encoded protein
Answer
Correct Answer:
The production of tissue-specific proteins
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As it implants, the conceptus is nourished by means of __________.
Trophoblastic nutrition
Uterine milk
Nutrient diffusion from the endometrium
Placenta
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trophoblastic nutrition
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Among the following, the earliest consequence of the acrosomal reaction is _____.
Membrane depolarization.
The membrane of the egg depolarizing
Ectoderm → mesoderm → endoderm
The mesoderm gives rise to the notochord.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The membrane of the egg depolarizing
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A common reason that couples do not seek genetic counseling is that _____.
Pregnancy is unplanned
Genes of the embryo/fetus
Drug, cigar, genetic factor
Brain functioning
Use to be body weight
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pregnancy is unplanned
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A blastomere is a _____ and a blastocyst is _____.
Hollow ball of cells; a cell resulting from cleavage
Fetal organ produced by cleavage; an embryonic organ produced by cleavage
Fetal membrane; an embryonic membrane
Cell produced by cleavage; a hollow ball of cells
Solid ball of cells; three-layered embryo.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cell produced by cleavage; a hollow ball of cells
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