About _____ percent of all new cases of stis worldwide occur in people under the age of 26.
Answer
Correct Answer:
50
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In plants and algae, _____ is the source of the electrons needed for photosynthesis.
Answer
Correct Answer:
H2O
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The cell cycle results in the production of ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information
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Replication moves outward from the origin in ________ direction(s) and is said to be ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both, bidirectional
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Red blood cells undergo anaerobic metabolism, which means that they produce ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lactate
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In humans, fertilization usually occurs ________ after intercourse, if an egg is present.
Answer
Correct Answer:
6-24 hours
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In the redox reactions of cellular respiration, a cell uses both _____ and oxygen.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glucose
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A ____ is software that is a cumulative package of all security updates plus additional features.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Service pack
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Cells obtain energy by __________ food molecules such as glucose.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Oxidizing
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C4 plants have evolved different photosynthetic mechanisms. these plants _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fix CO2 into a four-carbon compound instead of a three-carbon compound
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Autotrophs use the ____________ to make organic molecules.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Calvin cycle
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At the conclusion of glycolysis, most of glucose's chemical energy is found in the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pyruvic acid molecules
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After 3-pga is phosphorylated, it receives energized electrons from _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
NADPH
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After 3-pga is phosphorylated, it is reduced by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
NADPH
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Yeast is used to make bread rise by producing ________ during fermentation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
CO2
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When something appears blue, it is absorbing all colors except __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Blue.
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When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Splitting water molecules.
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The spindle apparatus disintegrates during _____. anaphase telophase interphase metaphase
Answer
Correct Answer:
Telophase
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The process of respiration is ___ % efficient at harnessing the chemical energy in food.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cellular respiration is more efficient at harnessing energy from glucose than car engines are at harnessing energy from gasoline.
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The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water
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The most important role of pigments in photosynthesis is to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Capture light energy
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The light reactions of photosynthesis occur in the __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thylakoids.
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The growth cycle requires _____ to run.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Energy.
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Limiting calories and increasing exercise will cause cells to harvest energy from _____ molecules.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fat
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Large amounts of oxygen gas first appeared in earth's atmosphere about ______ years ago.
Answer
Correct Answer:
2.7 billion
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A prokaryotic cell has _______ but does not have _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
DNA; membrane-bound organelles
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The hybridization of the oxygen atom labeled x in the structure below is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sp2.
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For a molecule with the formula ab3, the molecular shape is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trigonal planar, trigonal pyramidal, or T-shaped
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Ribosomal rna accumulates within __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleoli
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Biochemical analysis uses similarities in __________ as evidence for evolutionary relationships.
Answer
Correct Answer:
DNA sequences
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Eukaryotic dna is located in the ________ , and its message reaches the ribosome via the _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleus; nuclear pores
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Epidermal growth factor stimulates __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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Enzymes have specific _____ that determine their function.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shapes
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In a dna double helix, _____________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The two DNA strands run antiparallel
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Facilitated diffusion would not usually be needed to move _______________________across a membrane?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Small, hydrophobic molecules
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A bacterium running low on nadph could ________ to generate more of this coenzyme.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Invoke the pentose phosphate pathway
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The 2n number for the cell depicted here is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two
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If there is no flow of extraembryonic fluid over a mouse embryo, ___________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The left-right asymmetry decision for the embryo is made at random
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Microtubules have an inner diameter of ________ and an outer diameter of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
25 nm; 30 nm
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Absorbance is _________________________ the concentration of molecules in a solution.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Molarity
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Gene silencing is called __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Genomic imprinting
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Nuclear pores are organized with _______ symmetry
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eightfold
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Protein synthesis ___________ during exercise and ____________ after exercise.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decreases, increases
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In plant cells, ______ may contain organic nutrients, pigments, and poisons.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Central vacuoles
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The ability to distinguish among 20004000 olfactory stimuli is called __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Olfactory discrimination
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A karyotype (a chromosome display) would be unable to determine ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eye color
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Information coming into the central nervous system is transmitted along ________ neurons.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Afferent and sensory
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The ____________ phase is when most cell growth will occur; dna is unreplicated.
Answer
Correct Answer:
First gap (G1)
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The tca cycle enzymes are located in the _________ in bacterial and archaeal cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cytoplasm
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Asexual reproduction _____. see concept 13.1 (page 255)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Produces offspring genetically identical to the parent
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The _____ forms of the electron carriers nad+/nadh and fadh/fadh2 have high potential energy.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reduced
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Deamination is the removal of a(n) _____ group in proteins.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Amino
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The "proton pumps" indicated in the figure are physically associated with ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The electron transport chain
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The ordinary light microscope is called a bright-field microscope because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The object appears dark on a light background
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Chemiosmosis uses __________ to supply the energy necessary to phosphorylate adp to atp.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A proton gradient
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Incoming photons of light energy initiate photosynthesis by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exciting electrons in pigment molecules within the photosystems, raising them to a higher energy level
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A generalized ____________ contains an antenna complex and a reaction center.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Photosystem
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We inhale o2 and we exhale co2. carbon dioxide is produced __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the reaction that creates acetyl CoA (coenzyme A) from pyruvate
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The karyotype of a trisomic individual is symbolized as ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
2n+1 - Trisomy indicates an extra copy of one chromosome.
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Chromatin consists of ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
DNA and protein
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During the absorptive state, metabolism favors energy storage and __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anabolism
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A typical cell contains "powerhouses," which is another name for ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mitochondria
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In conifers, male gametophytes are called _______ and are formed by the division of microspores.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pollen
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During translation, uncharged trna molecules leave the ribosome from the _________ site.
Answer
Correct Answer:
E
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During the germinal period, the first task of the zygote's outer cells is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Implantation
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During the final events of cellular respiration, oxygen combines with ________ to form ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Energy-depleted electrons and hydrogen ions
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During cellular respiration, energy is stored in the form of _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
ATP
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During _____, the sister chromatids line up in the midplane of the cell.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metaphase.
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Cytokinesis typically occurs during the ______ stage of mitosis.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anaphase
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The golgi apparatus packages materials into ________ for transport or export.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vesicles
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Increasing the pressure above the beaker is analogous to _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An increase in blood pressure
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If a cell has accumulated dna damage, it is unlikely to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pass the G2 checkpoint
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Calcium ions could be described as "third messengers" because __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
They are small cytosolic signal molecules whose activity is regulated first by a ligand and second by a second messenger, making them the third step in a cascade
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Anterograde movement of transition vesicles is from __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The rough ER to the cis Golgi
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All collagen family members consist of _____ chains arranged in a _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
3, triple helix
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Mpf is a dimer consisting of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cyclin and a cyclin-dependent kinase
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Centrosomes are structures that contain ____________ oriented ____________ .
Answer
Correct Answer:
Centrioles perpendicularly
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Binding of calcium to calmodulin is a step in excitation-contraction coupling of ________ cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Smooth muscle
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Emerging viruses that infect human cells can originate from __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A virus spreading from one host species to humans
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The essential molecule __________ comprises over 60 percent of any living organism's cells.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water
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Signals from the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton may be transmitted by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Integrins
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Cancerous cells may continuously change their glycocalyx. this may result in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The cancer cell avoiding destruction by keeping one step ahead of the immune system
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Green algae differ from land plants in that many green algae _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are unicellular
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In leukemia, an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells can also mean __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Too few normal blood cells
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The cleavage of glycogen by glycogen phosphorylase releases _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glucose-1-phosphate
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When we say that an organism is haploid, we mean that __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Its cells each have one set of chromosomes.
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The reaction a --> b + c + heat is released in a(n) _____ reaction.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exergonic.
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The process of photosynthesis probably originated _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In prokaryotes
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The karyotype above shows ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trisomy 21, a cause of downsyndrome
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The inheritance of wheat kernel color shown in figure 14.21 is an example of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Polygenic inheritance
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The first electron acceptor of cellular respiration is ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Oxygen
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Sexual intercourse in humans ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell
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Movement of the chromosomes during anaphase would be most affected by a drug that prevents _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prevents shortening of microtubules.
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to have been ______
Answer
Correct Answer:
Endosymbiosis
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Meiosis i produces _____ cells
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two, haploid.
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Crossing over during prophase i results in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Genetic recombination.
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Carbon dioxide is split to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In neither photosynthesis nor respiration
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Carbohydrates and fats are considered high-energy foods because they _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have a lot of oxygen atoms.
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According to the induced fit hypothesis of enzyme catalysis, _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The binding of the substrate changes the shape of the enzyme's active site
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________ cells in leaves are specialized for photosynthesis.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mesophyll
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