Biochemistry MCQ

Plants are being engineered to produce their own insecticides; therefore, __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Farmers can reduce chemical use

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The attractive forces that are important in the secondary structure of a protein are ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hydrogen bonds

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Regarding the models of cooperativity, _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: T state is low affinity and R state is high affinity.

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In the ionized form of an amino acid, the carboxylic acid end is ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Negatively charged

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When cycling forward in a straight line, the knee is rotating about a(n) ____ axis.

Answer

Correct Answer: Transverse

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Bioinformatics can be used to scan for short sequences that specify known mrnas, called _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Expressed sequence tags

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In a dehydration synthesis reaction, __________ is always formed as a by-product of the reaction.

Answer

Correct Answer: Water

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In a dehydration reaction, ________. in order for this to occur water is ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed

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Hemoglobin has a total of ________ protein chains in its quaternary structure.

Answer

Correct Answer: Four

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Anabolic steroids are appropriately prescribed to __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: People who suffer from muscle-debilitating diseases

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The proper three-dimensional shape and folding of a protein is assisted by _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Molecules called chaperonins

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The important cholesterol-based molecules are __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Steroids

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The skeletal structure of palmitoleic acid is shown below. palmitoleic acid is a ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Monounsaturated fatty acid

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Enzymes are produced only _________________________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Within an active cell

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When ethylamine dissolves in water, a solution of __________ is produced.

Answer

Correct Answer: Ethylammonium hydroxide

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If digestion is ________, then synthesis is ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hydrolysis; dehydration

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The _____ store(s) more carbon than the atmosphere. trees soil oceans rock

Answer

Correct Answer: OCEANS

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The assembly of glucose molecules into polysaccharides is a(n) _____ process.

Answer

Correct Answer: Anabolic

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Histones have a large number of ________ residues.

Answer

Correct Answer: Basic

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Alcohol is metabolized by the_________

Answer

Correct Answer: Small intestine

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Acids and bases denature a protein by disrupting ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Salt bridges and hydrogen bonds

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Glycerophospholipids can interact both with other lipids and water because they contain ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Polar regions and nonpolar regions

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Cooking oil and gasoline (a hydrocarbon) are not amphipathic molecules because they _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Do not have a polar or charged region

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Hydrogen bonding is ultimately due to differences in _____ between two atoms.

Answer

Correct Answer: Electronegativity

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For cells that communicate by electrical synapses, the message travels between cells via ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Gap junctions

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During digestion, _____ emulsify(ies) lipids.

Answer

Correct Answer: Bile Acids

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Chylomicrons are released from enterocytes into the _____ for transport.

Answer

Correct Answer: Blood

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The energy for the polymerization of nucleotides comes from____.

Answer

Correct Answer: The hydrolysis of phosphate groups from nucleoside triphosphates

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Rotation about a carbon-carbon double bond does not readily occur because _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: The overlap of the p orbitals of the carbon-carbon π bond would be lost

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Chymotrypsin catalyzes the hydrolysis of a peptide bond and is therefore categorized as a _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hydrolase

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Atoms with the same number of protons but with different electrical charges _____

Answer

Correct Answer: Are different ions (ions are charged atoms)

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Chemoreceptors that monitor o2 and co2 content and ph are located in the _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Medulla oblongata, carotid arteries, and aorta

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Guided by powerful signaling molecules, the human heart develops from __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Mesoderm

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Because bile is not secreted into the duodenum with cirrhosis, stools are _____ colored.

Answer

Correct Answer: Clay

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Complete the equation: monosaccharide + monosaccharide ? ______ + water

Answer

Correct Answer: Disaccharide.

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Conventional genetic analyses of rrna sequences is not possible for prions because __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: They do not contain nucleic acids.

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The relation between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relation between ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Nucleotide and Nucleic acid

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The formation of an enzyme-substrate complex is the ________ step in enzyme action.

Answer

Correct Answer: First

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Sugars are molecules that have __________ c:h:o and are called __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: 1:2:1 ratio of; carbohydrates

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Maltose has a (1→4) linkage between glucose and ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Glucose

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For a protein to be an integral membrane protein, it would have to be _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Amphipathic, with at least one hydrophobic region

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For a molecule to have optical isomers, it must have _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: At least one asymmetric carbon

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Biochemical tests _________________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Are the main methods used to identify unknown bacteria

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An acid can denature a protein by ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Disrupting hydrogen bonds between side chains

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Much of the stability of the double-stranded dna structure is the result of ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: The stacking interactions between base pair

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Most ______ have well defined 3' ends terminating in poly(a) tails of ~ 200 nucleotides.

Answer

Correct Answer: Eukaryotic mRNAs

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Healthy cells produce ________ in response to interferons.

Answer

Correct Answer: Antiviral proteins

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Prostaglandins are involved in _________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Both A and B are correct

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Evan and evelyn are twins but are not genetically identical. they are ________ twins.

Answer

Correct Answer: Dizygotic

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The redundancy of the genetic code is a consequence of ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Having more codons than amino acids

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The membrane's permeability to sodium ions is at its maximum at label _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: B

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Anomers of d-glucopyranose differ in their stereochemistry at ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: C1

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Enzymes that hydrolyze lipids are ________; substances that emulsify lipids are ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Pancreatic lipases; bile salts

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The hormone __________ induces lipolysis, whereas the hormone __________ inhibits the process.

Answer

Correct Answer: Glucagon; insulin

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Each specific amino acid has a unique ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: R group

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During the citric acid cycle, both nad and fad ________ a hydrogen atom and become ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Gain; reduced

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This figure is an example of a(n) _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Saturated fat

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Fatty acid groups are referred to as ________ groups.

Answer

Correct Answer: Acyl

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Glycogen is to animal cells as ________ is to plant cells.

Answer

Correct Answer: Starch

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In eukaryotes, the first step in the control of gene expression is ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Chromatin remodeling

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3 % nacl is _________________ to the elodea leaf.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hypertonic

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Cellulose is a polysaccharide with ______ linkages?

Answer

Correct Answer: B-1.4'-glycosidic

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The co2 produced in the pentose phosphate shunt comes from carbon number _____ of glucose.

Answer

Correct Answer: 1 A COOH group at the end of the carbon skeleton evolves into a CO2 group.

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Centrifuges used for biohazardous materials must be covered primarily to avoid _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Contamination via aerosol formation.

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Biochemistry is the study of _____

Answer

Correct Answer: Energy and matter within living organisms

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A higher concentration of molecules causes a faster chemical reaction. this is known as _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Chemical equilibrium phenomenon

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Sticky ends are produced as a result of the action of ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: A restriction enzyme

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__________ is always involved in hydrolysis reactions.

Answer

Correct Answer: Water

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The amphipathic property of phospholipids can be described as ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Polar region that dissolves in water and a nonpolar region that repels water

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The nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide chain is called the ________ structure.

Answer

Correct Answer: Primary

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Phosphofructokinase is allosterically _____ by high concentrations of _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Activated; ATP
Activated; fructose -2,6-bisphosphate

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The stoichiometry of the atp synthase f0 base is ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Ab2c(10-14)

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A lineweaver-burk plot is a _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Double reciprocal plot

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As water freezes ______.

Answer

Correct Answer:

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To make restriction fragments, a dna sample is treated with ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Restriction enzymes

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Transgenic animals are currently used ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: To produce potentially useful proteins

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Which of the following statements is false? saturated fats _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Have many double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids

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The skeletal structure below is that of a ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Wax

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The melting temperature of dna ________ with increasing g plus c content.

Answer

Correct Answer: Increases

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Side chains of amino acids _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: May be polar or nonpolar

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Poisons like cyanide bind to ________ and prevent electron transfer.

Answer

Correct Answer: Cytochromes

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Oils are generally ________ at room temperature and are obtained from ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Liquids; plants

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Myoglobin and a single chain of hemoglobin have similar ______ structures.

Answer

Correct Answer: Tertiary

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Monosaccharide + monosaccharide → ______ + water

Answer

Correct Answer: Disaccharide

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Macromolecules, the molecules of life, include all of the following except __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Trace elements

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In the process of nitrification, nitrate reductase converts _____ into _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Nitrate; nitrite

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In the peptide glviw, the c-terminal end is ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Tryptophan

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In terms of energy storage, _______ is to animals what _______ is to plants.

Answer

Correct Answer: Glycogen; starch

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In living organisms, dna exists as a __________ with the strand(s) __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Double helix; running antiparallel

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In a hydrolysis reaction, __________, and in this process, water is __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: A polymer is broken up into its constituent monomers...consumed

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Fats are generally ________ at room temperature and are obtained from ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Solids; animals

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Fat molecules do not ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Mix with H2O

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Eukaryotic initiation begins with the assembly of ________________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Preinitiation complex

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Enthalpy (h) is the _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Total energy in biological systems

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Denaturing gel electrophoresis separates proteins based on differences in _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: A means of detecting the protein

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Compared to an uncatalyzed reaction, an enzyme-catalyzed reaction ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Occurs at a faster rate

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Atoms from the amino acids _____ are utilized in purine biosynthesis.

Answer

Correct Answer: Gln, Asp

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An extremely efficient enzyme has a _____ km and a _____ kcat.

Answer

Correct Answer: Small; large

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A peptide bond binds _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Amino acids together in a protein

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______ is a steroid.

Answer

Correct Answer: Estrogen

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