Reliability Engineering MCQ

The Weibull distribution can be used to model what type of data?

Answer

Correct Answer: Distinct subpopulations

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The failure characteristics of a product may be represented by which type of distribution?

Answer

Correct Answer: Mixed Weibull distribution

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What is the best estimate of unreliability based on?

Answer

Correct Answer: A solution of the binomial equation

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What is the term for the expected value of failure times for a failure distribution?

Answer

Correct Answer: Mean Life

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What is the general name of a method of parameter estimation?

Answer

Correct Answer: Maximum likelihood estimation

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Maximum likelihood estimation involves the maximization of what?

Answer

Correct Answer: The likelihood equation

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Maintenance tasks are intended to repair or maintain what?

Answer

Correct Answer: A system

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What is the probability that a failed unit will be repaired within a given amount of time?

Answer

Correct Answer: The term is also used to denote the discipline of studying and improving the maintainability of products

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What type of distribution is often used to model products that have physical fatigue as their prominent contributor?

Answer

Correct Answer: Lognormal distribution

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A lognormal distribution is often used to model what products?

Answer

Correct Answer: Products in which physical fatigue is the prominent contributor to the primary failure mode

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What type of growth model does Lloyd-Lipow use?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reliability

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What type of model is the Lloyd-Lipow model?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reliability growth model

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What is the ratio of a likelihood function for an unknown parameter vector compared to the likelihood function calculated at the estimated parameter vector?

Answer

Correct Answer: Likelihood ratio

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What is the name of a technique that maximizes the likelihood function?

Answer

Correct Answer: Maximum likelihood estimation

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What kind of data can also be present in a data set?

Answer

Correct Answer: Suspended or censored

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The Arrhenius model is used to describe a product's relationship with what?

Answer

Correct Answer: Life-stress relationship

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What does the term "life-stress relationship" describe?

Answer

Correct Answer: A relationship that describes how stress levels affect the reliability of a product

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What is used to mathematically model the reliability and failure characteristics of a product?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure and usage data

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What kind of data did Toyota use in the creation of the statistical models to calculate product reliability?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure and usage

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What is the scientific name for the process of analyzing failure and usage data?

Answer

Correct Answer: Life data analysis

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When might a failure be left censored in data?

Answer

Correct Answer: 500 hours of operation

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What is the term for data that is only known to have failed before a specific time?

Answer

Correct Answer: Left censored data

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What are the results of the Kaplan-Meier estimator used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reliability estimates for nonparametric data analysis

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The median ranks method is used for calculating the what?

Answer

Correct Answer: Estimates of the unreliability

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What is used to determine reliability estimates for nonparametric data analysis?

Answer

Correct Answer: Kaplan-Meier estimator

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What does an inverse power law model look like when the stress is non-thermal?

Answer

Correct Answer: Accelerated life testing model

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What type of data could possibly be Interval censored?

Answer

Correct Answer: Data that represents a range of time

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What does interval censored data represent?

Answer

Correct Answer: A range of time

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What does the importance measure of a component equal?

Answer

Correct Answer: The first partial derivative of the component reliability with respect to the system reliability

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How does the importance measure of a component compare to the first partial derivative of the component's reliability with respect to the system reliability?

Answer

Correct Answer: Equivalent

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What does HASS testing do during production?

Answer

Correct Answer: Prevent the shipment of defective items

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What does the acronym HASS stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Highly accelerated stress screening

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What is an abbreviation for Highly accelerated life testing?

Answer

Correct Answer: HALT

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What does HALT testing reveal?

Answer

Correct Answer: Probable failure modes for the product

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Gompertz model produces an S-shaped curve for what value?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reliability

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Gompertz model produces an S-curve that models what?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reliability values at different stages of development

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Gompertz model produces what shape for reliability growth?

Answer

Correct Answer: S-shaped

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The generalized gamma distribution can mimic the attributes of what other distribution?

Answer

Correct Answer: Weibull or lognormal

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What is not as frequently used for modeling life data as other life distributions?

Answer

Correct Answer: The generalized gamma distribution

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What can account for multiple non-thermal stresses?

Answer

Correct Answer: An accelerated life testing model

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What is an example of a model that can't be accounted for by an accelerated life testing model?

Answer

Correct Answer: Thermal stresses

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What technique does MLE use?

Answer

Correct Answer: Maximum likelihood estimation

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What is a function that describes the number of failures that can be expected to take place over a given unit of time?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure rate

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What does FMECA include besides a FMEA?

Answer

Correct Answer: Criticality analysis

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FMECA is similar to what other methodology?

Answer

Correct Answer: FMEA

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FMRA is the starting point for what?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reliability/availability analyses and cost calculations

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FMRA starts with information from what?

Answer

Correct Answer: FMEAs

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What is the purpose of failure mode and effects analysis?

Answer

Correct Answer: To identify potential failure modes for a product or process

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What is the name of the FMEA methodology?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure mode and effects analysis

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What type of failure is FEC?

Answer

Correct Answer: Functional

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What is a process that analyzes the effects of system failures?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure effect categorization

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The pdf is integrated to obtain the probability that a what?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure time

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What is the name of the An accelerated life testing model based on quantum mechanics that is typically used when temperature or humidity is the accelerated stress?

Answer

Correct Answer: Eyring model

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What does the 'exponential distribution' assume for the product being modeled?

Answer

Correct Answer: A constant failure rate

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The event space method is used to determine what?

Answer

Correct Answer: The reliability of complex systems

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What is the probability of the union of all mutually exclusive events that yield a system failure?

Answer

Correct Answer: Unreliability

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What type of model does the Duane model use?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reliability growth model

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The AMSAA model uses a relationship between what two values?

Answer

Correct Answer: Cumulative test time and cumulative failures

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What is the amount of time a repairable unit is not operating?

Answer

Correct Answer: Downtime

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What do detection ratings attempt to estimate?

Answer

Correct Answer: The likelihood of prior detection for each cause of failure

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What type of ratings are used to estimate the likelihood of prior detection?

Answer

Correct Answer: Qualitative

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What methodology uses a worksheet similar to the FMEA worksheet?

Answer

Correct Answer: DRBFM

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What sort of process is DFR?

Answer

Correct Answer: A process in which a set of reliability engineering practices are utilized early in a product's design

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What is the name of a process that involves incorporating reliability engineering practices into the design process?

Answer

Correct Answer: Design for reliability

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What is the objective of an FMEA performed on a subsystem or component?

Answer

Correct Answer: Improving the design

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An FMEA performed with the objective of improving the design of a component or subsystem is known as what?

Answer

Correct Answer: Design FMEA

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A product that has high reliability, it is not possible to test each unit to failure under what conditions?

Answer

Correct Answer: Normal conditions

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What is a technique that uses the performance measurements of a product to predict the point at which each unit in the sample will fail?

Answer

Correct Answer: Degradation analysis

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What is the law of total probability used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Decomposition method

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A function obtained by what?

Answer

Correct Answer: Integrating the failure distribution pdf

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How is the resulting prioritization used to determine corrective actions?

Answer

Correct Answer: To determine the sequence and time-frame

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What type of analysis looks at probability of failure?

Answer

Correct Answer: Criticality analysis

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What does the ALC model stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Accelerated life testing model

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What is the model used to analyze data with multiple stress types and/or situations where the stress varies with time?

Answer

Correct Answer: Cumulative damage model

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What is the plan used to keep track of characteristics that affect a product during the manufacturing process?

Answer

Correct Answer: Control plan

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How is the contour plot used to make comparisons between two different data sets?

Answer

Correct Answer: To determine confidence bounds

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What does the term "contour plot" refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: A graphical representation of the possible solutions to the likelihood ratio equation

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How many reliability tests are performed on the product?

Answer

Correct Answer: Ten

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What is a measure of the precision of a statistical estimate referred to as?

Answer

Correct Answer: Confidence bounds

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When a product has successfully operated for a certain amount of time, what is the probability that it will operate successfully for the next specified amount of time?

Answer

Correct Answer: Conditional reliability

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How many hours has an item been successfully operating?

Answer

Correct Answer: 100

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What can be reduced to a series and/or parallel system but is not a complex system?

Answer

Correct Answer: Block diagram

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A block diagram that cannot be reduced to series and/or parallel systems is called what?

Answer

Correct Answer: Complex system

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What does the "end of data" refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: Exact failure times

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What does "complete data" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Data that consists of only exact failure times

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What is represented as a series reliability system?

Answer

Correct Answer: Items that fail due to more than one failure mode

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The failure modes are considered to be what to each other to see which one will cause the item to fail?

Answer

Correct Answer: Competing

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What do all censoring schemes have in common?

Answer

Correct Answer: Not all of the data points represent exact failure times

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What is another name for right-censoring?

Answer

Correct Answer: Left-censoring

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A diagram that represents how the components, represented by "blocks," are arranged and related reliability-wise in a larger system is referred to as what?

Answer

Correct Answer: A reliability block diagram or RBD

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What percentage of the population will have failed the item by 100 hours of operation?

Answer

Correct Answer: 10%

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What is the ability of an item to function when needed?

Answer

Correct Answer: The probability that an item will be able to function

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What does "maintainability" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: How quickly it can be repaired

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What is the name of the model originally used to establish a relationship between temperature and reliability?

Answer

Correct Answer: Arrhenius model

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Who developed the Arrhenius model?

Answer

Correct Answer: Svante Arrhenius

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What do people use to keep track of projects?

Answer

Correct Answer: Analysis plan

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What did Dogecoin rally by after Musk's tweets?

Answer

Correct Answer: About 20 percent

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His statement prompted a downward spiral for what value?

Answer

Correct Answer: Bitcoin

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What is ANOVA used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Analysis of variance

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What stands for analysis of variance?

Answer

Correct Answer: ANOVA

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What does the acronym AMSA stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Army Material Systems Analysis Activity

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What does AMPM stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: AMSAA maturity prediction model

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Where does accelerated life testing come from?

Answer

Correct Answer: Life data

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What term refers to testing at higher than normal stress levels?

Answer

Correct Answer: Accelerated life testing

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