1. The Weibull distribution can be used to model what type of data?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Distinct subpopulations
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2. The failure characteristics of a product may be represented by which type of distribution?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mixed Weibull distribution
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3. What is the best estimate of unreliability based on?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A solution of the binomial equation
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4. What is the term for the expected value of failure times for a failure distribution?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mean Life
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5. What is the general name of a method of parameter estimation?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Maximum likelihood estimation
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6. Maximum likelihood estimation involves the maximization of what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The likelihood equation
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7. Maintenance tasks are intended to repair or maintain what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A system
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8. What is the probability that a failed unit will be repaired within a given amount of time?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The term is also used to denote the discipline of studying and improving the maintainability of products
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9. What type of distribution is often used to model products that have physical fatigue as their prominent contributor?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lognormal distribution
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10. A lognormal distribution is often used to model what products?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Products in which physical fatigue is the prominent contributor to the primary failure mode
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11. What type of growth model does Lloyd-Lipow use?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reliability
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12. What type of model is the Lloyd-Lipow model?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reliability growth model
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13. What is the ratio of a likelihood function for an unknown parameter vector compared to the likelihood function calculated at the estimated parameter vector?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Likelihood ratio
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14. What is the name of a technique that maximizes the likelihood function?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Maximum likelihood estimation
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15. What kind of data can also be present in a data set?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Suspended or censored
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16. The Arrhenius model is used to describe a product's relationship with what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Life-stress relationship
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17. What does the term "life-stress relationship" describe?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A relationship that describes how stress levels affect the reliability of a product
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18. What is used to mathematically model the reliability and failure characteristics of a product?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Failure and usage data
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19. What kind of data did Toyota use in the creation of the statistical models to calculate product reliability?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Failure and usage
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20. What is the scientific name for the process of analyzing failure and usage data?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Life data analysis
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21. When might a failure be left censored in data?
Answer
Correct Answer:
500 hours of operation
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22. What is the term for data that is only known to have failed before a specific time?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Left censored data
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23. What are the results of the Kaplan-Meier estimator used for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reliability estimates for nonparametric data analysis
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24. The median ranks method is used for calculating the what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Estimates of the unreliability
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25. What is used to determine reliability estimates for nonparametric data analysis?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Kaplan-Meier estimator
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26. What does an inverse power law model look like when the stress is non-thermal?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Accelerated life testing model
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27. What type of data could possibly be Interval censored?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Data that represents a range of time
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28. What does interval censored data represent?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A range of time
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29. What does the importance measure of a component equal?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The first partial derivative of the component reliability with respect to the system reliability
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30. How does the importance measure of a component compare to the first partial derivative of the component's reliability with respect to the system reliability?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Equivalent
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31. What does HASS testing do during production?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prevent the shipment of defective items
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33. What is an abbreviation for Highly accelerated life testing?
Answer
Correct Answer:
HALT
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34. What does HALT testing reveal?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Probable failure modes for the product
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35. Gompertz model produces an S-shaped curve for what value?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reliability
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36. Gompertz model produces an S-curve that models what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reliability values at different stages of development
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37. Gompertz model produces what shape for reliability growth?
Answer
Correct Answer:
S-shaped
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38. The generalized gamma distribution can mimic the attributes of what other distribution?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Weibull or lognormal
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39. What is not as frequently used for modeling life data as other life distributions?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The generalized gamma distribution
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40. What can account for multiple non-thermal stresses?
Answer
Correct Answer:
An accelerated life testing model
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41. What is an example of a model that can't be accounted for by an accelerated life testing model?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thermal stresses
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42. What technique does MLE use?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Maximum likelihood estimation
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43. What is a function that describes the number of failures that can be expected to take place over a given unit of time?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Failure rate
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44. What does FMECA include besides a FMEA?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Criticality analysis
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45. FMECA is similar to what other methodology?
Answer
Correct Answer:
FMEA
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46. FMRA is the starting point for what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reliability/availability analyses and cost calculations
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47. FMRA starts with information from what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
FMEAs
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48. What is the purpose of failure mode and effects analysis?
Answer
Correct Answer:
To identify potential failure modes for a product or process
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49. What is the name of the FMEA methodology?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Failure mode and effects analysis
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50. What type of failure is FEC?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Functional
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51. What is a process that analyzes the effects of system failures?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Failure effect categorization
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52. The pdf is integrated to obtain the probability that a what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Failure time
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53. What is the name of the An accelerated life testing model based on quantum mechanics that is typically used when temperature or humidity is the accelerated stress?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eyring model
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54. What does the 'exponential distribution' assume for the product being modeled?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A constant failure rate
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55. The event space method is used to determine what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The reliability of complex systems
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56. What is the probability of the union of all mutually exclusive events that yield a system failure?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Unreliability
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57. What type of model does the Duane model use?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reliability growth model
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58. The AMSAA model uses a relationship between what two values?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cumulative test time and cumulative failures
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59. What is the amount of time a repairable unit is not operating?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Downtime
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60. What do detection ratings attempt to estimate?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The likelihood of prior detection for each cause of failure
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61. What type of ratings are used to estimate the likelihood of prior detection?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Qualitative
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62. What methodology uses a worksheet similar to the FMEA worksheet?
Answer
Correct Answer:
DRBFM
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63. What sort of process is DFR?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A process in which a set of reliability engineering practices are utilized early in a product's design
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64. What is the name of a process that involves incorporating reliability engineering practices into the design process?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Design for reliability
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65. What is the objective of an FMEA performed on a subsystem or component?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Improving the design
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66. An FMEA performed with the objective of improving the design of a component or subsystem is known as what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Design FMEA
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67. A product that has high reliability, it is not possible to test each unit to failure under what conditions?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Normal conditions
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68. What is a technique that uses the performance measurements of a product to predict the point at which each unit in the sample will fail?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Degradation analysis
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69. What is the law of total probability used for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decomposition method
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70. A function obtained by what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Integrating the failure distribution pdf
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71. How is the resulting prioritization used to determine corrective actions?
Answer
Correct Answer:
To determine the sequence and time-frame
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72. What type of analysis looks at probability of failure?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Criticality analysis
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73. What does the ALC model stand for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Accelerated life testing model
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74. What is the model used to analyze data with multiple stress types and/or situations where the stress varies with time?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cumulative damage model
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75. What is the plan used to keep track of characteristics that affect a product during the manufacturing process?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Control plan
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76. How is the contour plot used to make comparisons between two different data sets?
Answer
Correct Answer:
To determine confidence bounds
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77. What does the term "contour plot" refer to?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A graphical representation of the possible solutions to the likelihood ratio equation
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78. How many reliability tests are performed on the product?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ten
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79. What is a measure of the precision of a statistical estimate referred to as?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Confidence bounds
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80. When a product has successfully operated for a certain amount of time, what is the probability that it will operate successfully for the next specified amount of time?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conditional reliability
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81. How many hours has an item been successfully operating?
Answer
Correct Answer:
100
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82. What can be reduced to a series and/or parallel system but is not a complex system?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Block diagram
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83. A block diagram that cannot be reduced to series and/or parallel systems is called what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Complex system
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84. What does the "end of data" refer to?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exact failure times
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85. What does "complete data" mean?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Data that consists of only exact failure times
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86. What is represented as a series reliability system?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Items that fail due to more than one failure mode
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87. The failure modes are considered to be what to each other to see which one will cause the item to fail?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Competing
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88. What do all censoring schemes have in common?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Not all of the data points represent exact failure times
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89. What is another name for right-censoring?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Left-censoring
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90. A diagram that represents how the components, represented by "blocks," are arranged and related reliability-wise in a larger system is referred to as what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A reliability block diagram or RBD
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91. What percentage of the population will have failed the item by 100 hours of operation?
Answer
Correct Answer:
10%
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92. What is the ability of an item to function when needed?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The probability that an item will be able to function
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93. What does "maintainability" mean?
Answer
Correct Answer:
How quickly it can be repaired
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94. What is the name of the model originally used to establish a relationship between temperature and reliability?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Arrhenius model
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95. Who developed the Arrhenius model?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Svante Arrhenius
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96. What do people use to keep track of projects?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Analysis plan
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97. What did Dogecoin rally by after Musk's tweets?
Answer
Correct Answer:
About 20 percent
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98. His statement prompted a downward spiral for what value?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bitcoin
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99. What is ANOVA used for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Analysis of variance
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100. What stands for analysis of variance?
Answer
Correct Answer:
ANOVA
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101. What does the acronym AMSA stand for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Army Material Systems Analysis Activity
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102. What does AMPM stand for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
AMSAA maturity prediction model
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103. Where does accelerated life testing come from?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Life data
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104. What term refers to testing at higher than normal stress levels?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Accelerated life testing
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