Is true Positive when it is determined from a screening instrument score that the participant has a particular status and the participant really does have the status based on a clinical evaluation?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as when it is determined from a screening instrument score that the participant does not have a particular status and the participant really does not have the status based on a clinical evaluation
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Correct Answer:
True Negative
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_____ is defined as measurement error related to how a test is given; the conditions of the testing, including environmental conditions; and acclimation to the test itself
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Correct Answer:
Testing Effect
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_____ is a type of reliability that is demonstrated by showing that the same measure of a phenomenon at two points in time is highly correlated, assuming that the phenomenon has not changed
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Correct Answer:
Test–Retest Reliability
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Is systematic Error error due to a specific process that biases the results?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as reliability achieved when responses to the same questions by two randomly selected halves of a sample are about the same
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Correct Answer:
Split-Half Reliability
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_____ is defined as the proportion of true negatives based on the number of people assessed as not having a diagnosis by a screening instrument relative to the number who really do not have the diagnosis
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Correct Answer:
Specificity
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_____ is the proportion of true positives that is based on the number of people assessed as having a diagnosis by a screening instrument to the number of people who actually have the condition
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Correct Answer:
Sensitivity
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Is scale a composite measure based on combining the responses to multiple questions pertaining to a common concept?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a criterion to assess the quality of scales based on whether the procedure yields consistent scores when the phenomenon being measured is not changing
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Correct Answer:
Reliability
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_____ is a measurement of a variable in which the numbers indicate a variable’s values represent fixed measuring unit and an absolute zero point
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Correct Answer:
Ratio Level of Measurement
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Is random Error errors in measurement that are due to chance and are not systematic in any way?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the type of validity that exists when a measure predicts scores on a criterion measured in the future
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Correct Answer:
Predictive Validity
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_____ is defined as the type of validity that exists when a measure predicts scores on a criterion measured in the future
Answer
Correct Answer:
Predictive Validity
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_____ is a measurement of a variable in which the numbers indicating a variable’s values specify only the order of the cases, permitting greater than and less than distinctions
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Correct Answer:
Ordinal Level of Measurement
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Is operationalization the process of specifying the operations that will indicate the value of cases on a variable?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the set of rules and operations used to find the value of cases on a variable
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Correct Answer:
Operational Definition
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_____ is defined as variables whose values have no mathematical interpretation; they vary in kind or quality, but not in amount
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Correct Answer:
Nominal Level of Measurement
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_____ is defining a concept using other concepts
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Correct Answer:
Nominal Definition
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Is mutually Exclusive a variable’s attributes or values are mutually exclusive when every case can be classified as having only one attribute or value?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a scale containing subsets of questions that measure different aspects of the same concept
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Correct Answer:
Multidimensional Scale
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_____ is defined as the mathematical precision with which the values of a variable can be expressed
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Correct Answer:
Level of Measurement
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_____ is demonstrating the validity of a measure using two groups with already-identified characteristics
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Correct Answer:
Known-Groups Validity
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Is intrarater Reliability consistency of ratings by an observer of an unchanging phenomenon at two or more points in time?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a measurement of a variable in which the numbers indicating a variable’s values represent fixed measurement units but have no absolute, or fixed, zero point
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Correct Answer:
Interval Level of Measurement
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_____ is defined as the degree of agreement when similar measurements are obtained by different observers rating the same people, events, or places
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Correct Answer:
Interrater Reliability
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_____ is an approach to reliability based on the correlation among multiple items used to measure a single concept
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Correct Answer:
Internal Consistency
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_____ is known as the participant does not have a particular problem according to a screening instrument, but the participant really does have the problem based on a clinical evaluation
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Correct Answer:
False Negative
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_____ is a form of construct validity used to determine if the scale items relate correctly to different dimensions of the concept
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Correct Answer:
Factorial Validity
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Is face Validity the type of validity that exists when an inspection of items used to measure a concept suggests that they are appropriate “on their face.”?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as every case can be classified as having at least one attribute (or one value) for the variable
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Correct Answer:
Exhaustive
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_____ is defined as a score used in a scale to distinguish between respondents with a particular status and respondents who do not have that status
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Correct Answer:
Cut-Off Score
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_____ is a statistic commonly used to measure interitem reliability
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Correct Answer:
Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient
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Is criterion Validity the type of validity established by comparing the scores obtained on the measure being validated to scores obtained with a more direct or already validated measure of the same phenomenon (the criterion)?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the type of validity achieved when one measure of a concept is associated with different types of measures of the same concept
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Correct Answer:
Convergent Validity
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_____ is defined as the type of validity that is established by showing that a measure is related to other measures as specified in a theory
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Correct Answer:
Content Validity
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_____ is the type of validity that is established by showing that a measure is related to other measures as specified in a theory
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Correct Answer:
Construct Validity
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Is concurrent Validity the type of validity that exists when scores on a measure are closely related to scores on a criterion measured at the same time?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the type of validity that exists when scores on a measure are closely related to scores on a criterion measured at the same time
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Correct Answer:
Concurrent Validity
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_____ is defined as the process of specifying what we mean by a term. In deductive research, conceptualization helps to translate portions of an abstract theory into specific variables that can be used to test hypotheses. In inductive research, conceptualization is part of the process to make sense of related observations
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Correct Answer:
Conceptualization
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_____ is a mental image that summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas
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Correct Answer:
Concept
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Is alternate-Forms Reliability a procedure for testing the reliability of responses to survey questions in which subjects’ answers are compared after the subjects have been asked slightly different versions of the questions or when randomly selected halves of the sample have been administered slightly different versions of the questions?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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The two types of criterion validity are:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Concurrent and predictive validity.
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When researchers use more than one observer to rate the same people, events, or places this is called:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inter-rater reliability
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Which of the following is NOT an example of systematic error?
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Correct Answer:
Regression to the mean
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A mental image that summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas is known as a/an:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Concept.
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The ordinal level of measurement identifies variables whose values have no mathematical interpretation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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Triangulation is the use of two or more different measures of the same variabl
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Operationalization is a process by which we specify what is meant by a term.
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Correct Answer:
False
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Conceptualization is the process of connecting concepts to observations.
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Correct Answer:
False
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A concept is a mental image that summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas.
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Correct Answer:
True
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