The Development of Delinquent and Criminal Behavior MCQ
Is uniform Crime Reports (UCR) a program operated by the FBI, it is the government’s main method of collecting national data on crimes reported to police and arrests. See also NIBRS and NCVS?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as represents the major three traits that some scholars argue best describe psychopathic individuals: (1) boldness; (2) meanness; (3) impulsiveness.
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_____ is defined as a class of illegal behavior that only persons with certain characteristics or status can commit. Used almost exclusively to refer to the behavior of juveniles. Examples include running away from home, violating curfew, buying alcohol, or skipping school.
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Correct Answer:
status offenses
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_____ is the individual with a history of serious and typically violent criminal activity. Should be distinguished from psychopath, who does not necessarily commit crimes, but who is distinguished by having an inordinate biological need for stimulation.
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Correct Answer:
sociopath
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Is social cognition refers to how people process, store, and apply social and interpersonal information about other people?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the ability to control one’s behavior in accordance with internal cognitive standards.
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Correct Answer:
self-regulation
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_____ is defined as developed by Robert Hare, it is the best known and most heavily researched instrument for the measurement of criminal psychopathy.
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_____ is an instrument used for the measurement of psychopathic characteristics in young people.
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Correct Answer:
Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV)
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Is psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL: SV) a relatively quick measure of psychopathy?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as an individual who demonstrates a distinct behavioral pattern that differs from the general population in its lack of sensitivity, empathy, compassion, and guilt.
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Correct Answer:
psychopath
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_____ is defined as measure of psychopathy intended primarily for research purposes but now used by some mental health practitioners in their clinical practice.
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Correct Answer:
p-scan: research version
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_____ is in children, this is a disorder whose symptoms include arguing with adults, refusing adults’ requests, deliberately trying to annoy others, blaming others for mistakes, and being spiteful or vindictive.
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Is life course–persistent offenders (LCPs) offenders who demonstrate a lifelong pattern of antisocial behavior and who are often resistant to treatment or rehabilitation?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as young person who commits an act against the criminal code and who is adjudicated delinquent by an appropriate court.
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Correct Answer:
juvenile delinquent
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_____ is defined as broad term for variety of antisocial acts committed by youth; some but not all are criminal offenses.
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Correct Answer:
juvenile delinquency
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_____ is the tendency of some individuals to perceive hostile intent in others even when it is lacking.
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Correct Answer:
hostile attribution bias
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Is gendered pathways approach research that indicates that girls and boys or women and men develop criminal behavior in different ways?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a model that sees psychopathy as consisting of four core factors: interpersonal, impulsive, affective, and antisocial. There is continuing debate in the literature as to whether the fourth should be considered a separate factor.
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Correct Answer:
four-factor perspective
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_____ is defined as an abnormal fascination with fire accompanied by successful or unsuccessful attempts to start harmful fires. Term used in child psychopathology literature.
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Correct Answer:
firesetting
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_____ is a statistical procedure by which underlying patterns and personality characteristics are identified.
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Correct Answer:
factor analysis
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Is executive functions higher order mental abilities involved in goaldirected behavior. They include organizing behavior, memory, inhibition processes, and planning strategies?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as ability to know how one’s own self and others are feeling and the capacity to be able to use that information to guide thoughts and actions.
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Correct Answer:
emotional intelligence
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_____ is defined as proposed by Laurence Steinberg, it refers to the difference in cognitive and emotional brain development in adolescents, making them more prone to sensation-seeking and risk-taking behaviors.
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Correct Answer:
Developmental dual systems model
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_____ is a diagnostic label used to identify children who demonstrate habitual misbehavior.
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Correct Answer:
Conduct disorder (CD)
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Is callous-unemotional (CU) traits group of personality characteristics believed to be associated with psychopathy, such as self-centeredness and lack of empathy. See also, four-factor perspective?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as interpersonal style characterized by fearlessness, calmness, and low stress level when confronted with crises or stress inducing situations. Believed by some scholars to be a core factor in psychopathy.
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Correct Answer:
boldness factor
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_____ is defined as traditionally considered a chronic neurological condition characterized by developmentally poor attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. More contemporary perspectives also see the behavioral pattern as a deficiency in interpersonal skills.
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_____ is a disorder characterized by a history of continuous behavior in which the rights of others are violated.
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Correct Answer:
Antisocial personality disorder (APD or ASP)
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Is antisocial behavior any behavior that is considered a violation of social norms in society; antisocial behaviors may or may not be defined as crimes?
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Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as individuals who usually demonstrate delinquent or antisocial behavior only during their teen years and then stop offending during their young adult years.
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Callous-unemotional traits are dimensions of ______.
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Correct Answer:
Psychopathy
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Which of the following is an example of a status offense?
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Correct Answer:
Truancy
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The most widely used measure of psychopathy is the PCL-R.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Which statement most accurately reflects current research on juvenile psychopathy?
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Correct Answer:
The concept of juvenile psychopathy is a controversial topic.
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Research suggests that ______ is a normal aspect of early child development.
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Correct Answer:
Fascination with fire
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Conduct disorder is a diagnostic designation used to represent a group of behaviors characterized by ______ misbehavior.
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Correct Answer:
Habitual
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An individual who is well organized, focused and able to resolve problems is displaying ______.
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Correct Answer:
Good executive functioning
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Insight into oneself and understanding of others are features of ______.
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Correct Answer:
Emotional intelligence
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According to research, when does persistent antisocial behavior typically begin?
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Correct Answer:
Early childhood
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In order to receive a diagnosis of ADHD, a child must exhibit symptoms that ______.
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Correct Answer:
Are persistent and pronounced
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All of the following are prominent features of a life course–persistent offender except ______.
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Correct Answer:
Charisma and charm
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According to Steinberg’s dual systems theory, what would account for an individual’s decline in antisocial behavior between late adolescence and early adulthood?
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Correct Answer:
Gradual changes in one’s cognitive control and socio-emotional systems
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Developmental neuroscience has played crucial roles in informing the juvenile justice system, especially as it relates to sentencing involving the death penalty and life without parole.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Sam began shoplifting at age 13 and drinking heavily at age 15. By age 16, Sam was abusing drugs and alcohol and frequently getting into physical altercations with others. Sam dropped out of high school, eventually got clean, and earned a GED 4 years later. At age 22, Sam was accepted to a local community college and now focuses on a career in psychology. Sam is likely an example of a(n) ______ offender.
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Correct Answer:
Adolescent limited
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A research approach to delinquency that emphasizes the neurological, biological, mental, emotional, and social influences on children is called the ______.
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Correct Answer:
Developmental perspective
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