Juvenile Delinquency (U.S.) MCQ Questions Answers

1. In 1998, the federal government opened a national _____ database.

2. Large families may suffer from _______________________ when resources are spread too thin.

3. One successful approach to delinquency prevention is the ____________________ approach.

4. The nonaccidental physical injury of children by their parents or guardians is called _________.

5. A(n) ________________ gang concentrates on drug use and sales but forgoes most delinquent behavior.

6. Juvenile aftercare is similar to ____________________ for adults.

7. The national crime victimization survey shows that ________.

8. Juvenile delinquency cases involve ______.

9. Like adults, juveniles are protected against ___________________ searches and seizures.

10. According to _________________, female delinquency is linked to the wish for luxury and excitement.

11. A(n) __________________ for a juvenile is similar to a criminal trial for an adult.

12. Is the Burns Institute leading national nonprofit organization focused on protecting and improving the lives of youthful and adult offenders of color by ensuring fairness and equity throughout the justice system?

13. _____ is known as adolescents who become mired in offending behaviors and/or gangs over time. This group is the most difficult to divert from ongoing troubles.

14. _____ is defined as constitutionally guaranteed right to legal counsel for any individual charged with an offense or crime by the courts.

15. _____ is alternative to incarceration for youthful offenders with serious emotional, behavioral, and/or substance use problems who are in need of more structure than nonsecured, community-based treatment.

16. Is recidivism repeating of criminal behavior, including offending, detention, or incarceration placement?

17. _____ is known as this program was designed to divert youthful offenders from the Ohio State juvenile justice incarceration facilities through funding to local counties for appropriate programs to target delinquency and serious youthful offending.

18. _____ is defined as nation’s largest nonprofit membership organization dedicated to equal justice and legal representation for all.

19. _____ is nonprofit organization in Washington, DC dedicated to promoting justice for all children by ensuring excellence in juvenile defense.

20. Is national Center for Juvenile Justice research division of the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges (NCJFCJ). NCJFCJ is the largest organization in the country representing juvenile court judges and magistrates?

21. _____ is known as research-focused organization and part of the National Center for Juvenile Justice that provides state- and national-level juvenile justice data.

22. _____ is defined as part of the Annie E. Casey Foundation that works to decrease the use of detention through collaboration across child welfare, mental health, schools, and social service agencies.

23. _____ is nonpartisan, nonprofit organization in the United States that serves all three branches of state government with policy research reviews.

24. Is screening brief process used to identify problems that are in need of further attention or assessment?

25. _____ is known as juvenile court employees that supervise youthful offenders who have been adjudicated delinquent.

26. _____ is defined as phenomenon that occurs when diversion programs that involve sanctions on young people who do not meet expectations are then drawn into the juvenile justice system and supervised.

27. _____ is organization that provides education, training, and technical assistance to states, tribes, territories, local governments, service providers, nonprofit organizations, and corrections institutions working on prisoner reentry.

28. Is low-level youthful offenders first-time, misdemeanor-offending, or statusoffending young people?

29. _____ is known as courts that are different than other juvenile dockets, whereby youthful offenders are diverted to work in tandem with community-based service providers under supervision of the juvenile court judge.

30. _____ is defined as typically involve some conditions for the young person, an admission of guilt, and an agreement to participate in programming that is suitable. Services may be provided within the program or through a community-based provider for therapeutic or treatment needs, or could be just oversight and surveillance of the adolescent.

31. _____ is program established by The Center for Juvenile Justice Reform and the Robert F. Kennedy Children’s Action Corps that has developed approaches to prevent young people involved with either the juvenile courts or the child welfare system from “crossing over” to the other.

32. Is crisis Intervention Teams (CITs) police officer model that trains in response techniques that are appropriate for people suffering from mental health symptoms or problems?

33. _____ is known as systematic approach to estimating the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives; often a monetary approach finding the costs for programs and comparing with short- and long-term outcomes.

34. _____ is defined as least restrictive alternative that diverts a young person out of the juvenile justice system with no further action taken by the police.

35. _____ is office of the U.S. Department of Justice and a component of the Office of Justice Programs that funds justice programming and directs federal initiatives.

36. Is assessments (risk assessments) thorough investigation of the identified risks or problem areas for young people and their families?

37. _____ is known as written policies by school districts that outline behaviors that are expected as well as behaviors that the districts have determined are not permitted.

38. _____ is defined as primarily a classroom-focused approach that includes quality instruction planning and a focus on the behavioral needs of the students, monitoring of student engagement, and skills application to avoid escalating conflicts.

39. _____ is systematic approach for implementing proactive school-wide discipline to improve school climate and prevent student problem behaviors across school settings.

40. _____ is known as student-focused interventions that try to change the perspective of young people who have caused problems, are disruptive, or have violated school policies, community expectations, or laws.

41. _____ is defined as targeted interventions for students with behavioral, control, or related school difficulties that use student or other leaders to engage students in daily or weekly social skill-building exercises.

42. _____ is multilateral agreement among key stakeholders (typically the police force and school district) that expresses a common vision for the partnership.

43. Is inclusive school policies school policies that minimize students from being out-of-school suspended or expelled; often entails the use of rehabilitative programming and graduated sanctions?

44. _____ is known as policies and practices that work through steps or levels, starting with a minimal intervention or consequence and allowing the young person (or student) to avoid further repercussions.

45. _____ is defined as practice of reflecting back to the student his or her identities and cultures and improving school connections, with the goal of improving social and academic outcomes.

46. _____ is more intense and structured foster care setting that is designed for children and adolescents with more serious adjustment difficulties within their home, school, and community environments.

47. Is trauma-informed care treatment framework that involves understanding, recognizing, and responding to the effects (psychological, social, and biological) of all types of trauma?

48. _____ is known as federal and state law requirements that youthful and adult offenders convicted of certain sex crimes must be registered (name, address) in their localities.

49. _____ is defined as one of the commonly prescribed drugs for treating depression and other related problems.

50. _____ is treatment of mental disorders by psychological rather than by medical means.

51. Is psychopharmacology branch of psychology concerned with the effects of drugs on the mind and behavior?

52. _____ is known as system of psychological theory and therapy that aims to treat mental disorders by investigating the interaction of conscious and unconscious elements in the mind and bringing repressed fears and conflicts into the conscious mind.

53. _____ is defined as parent or family support groups that provide formal peer-supported and facilitator-led programming, and typically meet on a regular, often weekly, basis.

54. _____ is class of stimulant drugs.

55. Is national Registry of Evidence-Based Programs searchable online database from the National Institutes of Mental Health of research-based and effective mental health and substance abuse interventions?

56. _____ is known as mST is designed for adolescents with severe psychological and behavioral problems through short-term (four to six months), multifaceted, and home- and community-based interventions.

57. _____ is defined as subset of other systematic research studies that combines the results and produces a cumulative finding or impact.

58. _____ is programs that are focused on minimizing child and adolescent problem risk factors by using adult mentors who spend time with the young person, sharing skills, abilities, and experiences.

59. Is home visiting programs often delivered by nurses or related paraprofessional staff, may focus on one primary role or service, or may offer more complete family support services to parents in their home?

60. _____ is known as intervention that attempts to modify individual behaviors and cognitions, with an emphasis on the larger family or groups as the focal area needing change rather than only on the adolescent.

61. _____ is defined as program of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and their families. Early Head Start is for children ages 0 to 3.

62. _____ is set of assessment tools that identifies key decision points within child protection agency cases and provides intervention directives.

63. Is cognitive-behavioral therapy type of psychotherapy in which negative patterns of thought about the self and the world are challenged to alter unwanted behavior patterns or treat mood disorders such as depression?

64. _____ is known as hypothesis that proposes that students with learning disabilities have cognitive, neurological, and intellectual difficulties that contribute to delinquent behaviors.

65. _____ is defined as federal agency charged with improving the quality and availability of prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation services for mental health and substance abuse problems.

66. _____ is Form of learning provided to students with exceptional needs, such as students with learning disabilities or mental challenges. These disability categories are set forth by the Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act (IDEA).

67. Is serious emotional disturbance special education (IDEA) diagnosis that means a condition exhibiting over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects a child’s educational performance?

68. _____ is known as designation for young people who have ongoing mental health problems, often more severe and difficult to treat, including psychotic diagnoses, bipolar disorder, and mood disorders.

69. _____ is defined as hypothesis that suggests school failure for students with learning disabilities is a precipitating step that leads to juvenile court involvement.

70. _____ is experiences, traits, or issues that make an outcome (delinquency or mental health problems, for example) more likely.

71. Is psychotic disorders more severe and debilitating category of mental health disorders?

72. _____ is known as number of existing cases in a defined population during a specified time period.

73. _____ is defined as behaviorally based mental health disorder diagnosed for children or adolescents.

74. _____ is diagnosis by a mental health professional of a behavioral or mental pattern that may cause suffering or a poor ability to function in life. In the United States, diagnosis is through the use of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).

75. Is lifetime prevalence number of existing cases during a person’s life?

76. _____ is known as disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations.

77. _____ is defined as specialized education plan that provides appropriate learning and school-environment accommodations for identified students.

78. _____ is number of new cases of a disorder in a defined population during a specified time period of observation—for example, the past 12 months.

79. Is iDEA disability categories specific learning disabilities (LD), hearing impairments (deafness), visual impairments (blindness), deaf-blindness, developmental delay, speech or language impairments, autism, serious emotional disturbance (SED), orthopedic impairments, traumatic brain injury, multiple disabilities, and other health impairments?

80. _____ is study of the extent and type of illnesses within populations as well as the factors that impact their distribution.

81. Is disability rights movement 1970s federal legislation that recognized people with disabilities and afforded independence and opportunities in daily living and employment?

82. _____ is known as hypothesis that suggests that even though students with learning disabilities are no more involved with delinquent activities than their nondisabled peers, they are more likely to be identified by school personnel, arrested, and formally involved with the juvenile courts.

83. _____ is defined as psychiatric classification code used in the United States to identify mental health problems and disorders.

84. _____ is mental health disorder that includes major depressive disorder and related difficulties. These problems greatly increase the risk for self-harm and suicide.

85. Is co-occurring disorder coexistence of both a mental health problem and a substance use disorder?

86. _____ is known as behaviorally based mental health disorder diagnosed only for children or adolescents that includes severe acting out of physical aggression.

87. _____ is defined as mental health problems and disorders that are externalized; in other words, where acting out or physical violence is involved.

88. _____ is behaviorally based mental health disorder primarily impacting children and adolescents who have attention problems or hyperactive control issues.

89. Is anxiety disorders class of mental health problems that includes various diagnoses: separation anxiety, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, overanxious disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder?

90. _____ is known as deaths caused by different violent events, including accidents, suicides, and homicides.

91. _____ is defined as u.S. Government considers a person to be living in poverty if household income is below a certain income threshold. These poverty guidelines are available through the Department of Health and Human Services and are revised annually.

92. _____ is exposure to, and experience of, multiple forms of trauma and/or victimization.

93. Is nonviolent deaths deaths by natural causes or accidents?

94. _____ is known as most comprehensive nationwide survey of the incidence and prevalence of children’s exposure to violence to date.

95. _____ is defined as series of national surveys of schools identifying the heightened difficulties of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population.

96. _____ is first large-scale national study of mental health in the United States; replicated most recently in 2010 and included findings for the first time on the adolescent population.

97. Is dually involved youth dynamic between child maltreatment and delinquency, with young people having contact with both systems simultaneously?

98. _____ is known as emotional abuse, threatened and actual physical abuse, or sexual violence between adults, both heterosexual and same-sex partners.

99. _____ is defined as Has numerous forms, including hurtful information on the Internet; sharing private information; unwanted contact via e-mail, texting, online gaming, and other social media sites, as well as purposeful exclusion from an online community.

100. _____ is dynamic between child maltreatment and delinquency, with young people having contact with both systems simultaneously.