_____ is defined as those younger than the age of majority (typically 18 years of age) who come under juvenile court supervision.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Youthful offenders
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_____ is crimes that are often against persons and felonies (homicide, rape, robbery).
Answer
Correct Answer:
Violent offenses
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Is ungovernability when a young person is deemed incapable of being monitored, controlled, or subdued?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as acute trauma is considered a single traumatic event that is time limited, for example, a dog bite, accident, or natural disaster such as an earthquake or tornado.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trauma
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_____ is defined as the committing of acts that are illicit for only those younger than the age of 18 (truancy, liquor law violation, truancy, curfew violation, ungovernability, and running away).
Answer
Correct Answer:
Status offense
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_____ is placement of a young person into a shelter home or mental health or substance abuse treatment facility.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Residential placement
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Is property offenses offenses that are committed only on property, not against persons, for example, burglary or motor vehicle theft?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as placement of a youthful offender in a detention center prior to adjudication or judicial decision.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pretrial holding
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_____ is defined as placement of a youthful offender to a shelter home, residential facility, detention center, or incarceration facility. For child welfare purposes, the placement into a kincare, foster, or adoptive home.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Out-of-home placement
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_____ is diagnosis by a mental health professional of a behavioral or mental pattern that may cause suffering or a poor ability to function in life. In the United States, diagnosis is through the use of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mental health disorder
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Is forcible rape sexual assault of another person against his or her will?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as cause, or set of causes, for a certain outcome.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Etiology
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_____ is defined as phrase that represents the disproportionate number of youthful offenders of color who come into contact with the juvenile justice (and adult) system.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Disproportionate Minority Contact or Confinement (DMC)
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_____ is juvenile court order that finds the minor delinquent and places the young person under state (and typically probation) supervision.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Delinquency adjudications
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Is criminal homicide killing of one person by another; often, first degree homicide is the most serious, requiring preplanning of the murder?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as data collected annually by the U.S. Census Bureau across a myriad of individual and family demographics.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Census data
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Which of the following is useful for explaining the etiology of delinquency?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self-report data
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Cross-sectional data are collected from a group ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
At a single point in time
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Arrest rates for those under the age of 18 are ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
At historic lows
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If you were a researcher studying the number of cases juvenile courts handle each year, which of the following would be your best choice of data types?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Official data
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Which of the following is an example of a victimless crime?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Prostitution
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The ______ has amassed almost nine decades worth of U.S. crime data.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Summary Reporting System
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______ is a significant predictor of detention placement and incarceration outcomes, though it is no fully understood why.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Race
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If you were a researcher studying middle and high school students’ perceptions of the availability of drugs, which of the following would be the best data source?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Monitoring the Future project
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One of the most significant limitations of early self-report surveys has been ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Their focus on minor delinquency and status offenses
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The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System primarily tracks which of the following?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Health risk behaviors
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Each year, the ______ surveys about 50,000 students in 420 public and private middle and high schools.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Monitoring the Future Project
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The National Crime Victimization Survey is sponsored by the ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bureau of Justice Statistics
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The ______ refers to the number of crimes and acts of delinquency that do not come to the attention of law enforcement.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dark figure of crime
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______ on juvenile delinquency include data collected from government agencies that handle delinquency cases.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Official data
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