1. Explains by which a society satisfies basic needs. An agrarian society relies on labor-intensive agriculture, whereas an industrial society relies on machines and inanimate fuel supplies
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True
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2. The unequal distribution of valued goods and services (e.g., income, job opportunities, prestige and fame, education, health care) in society; the social class system is called
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Stratification
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3. Overgeneralizations that are thought to apply to all members of a group is called
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Stereotype
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4. Movement up and down the stratification system is called
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Social Mobility
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5. Perceptions shared by a group. These perceptions become real to the people who share them is called
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Social Construction
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6. Groups of people who command similar amounts of valued goods and services, such as income, property, and education is called
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Social Classes
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7. Belief systems that label girls/women as inferior to boys/men and rationalize their lower status is called
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Sexism
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8. Racial Minority groups are constructed primarily based on physical characteristics such as skin color or facial features (e.g., Asian Americans).
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True
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9. The workers in an industrial society who sell their labor; see bourgeoisie is called proletariat
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True
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10. The amount of honor or respect accorded a particular person or group is called
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Prestige
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11. The tendency of individuals to think and feel negatively toward others is called
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Prejudice
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12. The ability to affect the decision-making process of a social system is called power
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True
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13. A society dominated by service work, information processing, and high technology is called _____ industrial society
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Post
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14. _______ dominance. In a patriarchal society, men tend to monopolize power and decision making is called patriarchy
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Men's
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15. Marriage or sexual relations between members of different racial groups is called miscegenation
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True
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16. _______ group that experiences a pattern of disadvantage or inequality, has a visible identifying trait, and is a self-conscious social unit. Membership is usually determined at birth, and group members tend to form intimate relations within the group.
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Minority
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17. The materials, resources, and social relations by which the society produces and distributes goods and services is called _______ of production
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Means
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18. The stage of societal evolution. The stages discussed in this text are agrarian, industrial, and postindustrial is called level of development
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True
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19. A theoretical perspective in sociology that stresses the cross-cutting, linked nature of inequality and the multiplicity of statuses all people occupy is called intersectionality
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True
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20. A pattern of unequal treatment based on group membership that is built into the daily operations of society is called
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Institutional discrimination
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21. Ideological racism explains a belief system asserting that a particular group is inferior. Although individuals may subscribe to racist beliefs, the ideology itself is incorporated into the culture of the society and passed on from generation to generation.
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True
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22. The deliberate attempt to exterminate an entire group is called
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Genocide
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23. Societal expectations for behavior based on one’s gender status (e.g., girl, boy) is called
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Gender Norms
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24. Ethnic minority groups are a group that establishes its own neighborhood and relies on a set of interconnected businesses for economic survival.
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True
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25. The group that benefits from and, typically, tries to sustain minority-group subordination is called
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Dominant group
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26. The unequal or unfair treatment of a person or persons based on their group membership is called
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Discrimination
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27. Cognitive dimension of prejudice describes the
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Stereotypes
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28. The elite or ruling class in an ________ society that owns or controls the means of production; see proletariat, is called bourgeoisie.
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Industrial
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29. A social position assigned to individuals over which they have little control such as race and sex is called
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Ascribed Status
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30. Affective dimension of prejudice describes the emotional or “feeling” dimension of individual prejudice. The prejudiced individual attaches ________ emotions to members of other groups.
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Negative
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31. Gender equality is the highest in which of the following regions?
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North America and Western Europe
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32. NAFTA changed the economic landscape of North America.
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True
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33. According to Marxist theory, the two main social classes are the individual and the institution.
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False
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34. According to the definition of minority groups, all of the following are defining characteristics of minority groups except ______.
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The members of the group experience substantial dominance and privilege in society
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35. The historical, social, and political processes by which certain concepts (such as race) are created and maintained are known as ______.
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Social construction
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36. A belief system that asserts the inferiority of a group is known as racism.
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True
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37. Max Weber theorized about the following three stratification systems, economic inequality, power, and ______.
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Prestige
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38. Prejudice refers to ______ beliefs and behaviors, while ideological racism refers to ______ beliefs and behaviors.
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Individual; societal
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39. According to the text, institutional discrimination can be obvious or subtle.
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True
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40. Wealthy nations of Western Europe are less likely than the United States to receive large numbers of immigrants.
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False
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41. Physical differences among people are used to not only identify minority-group membership but also to ______.
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Control access to privilege
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42. A southern church that supported Jim Crow laws is an example of ______.
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Institutional discrimination
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43. Which term is sometime used instead of the term “minority group”?
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Subordinate group
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44. The two most important defining characteristics of minority groups are ______.
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Inequality and visibility
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45. Ethnic minority groups are identified primarily by cultural characteristics, such as language or religion.
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True
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46. Most immigrant women come to the United States to work.
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Correct Answer:
True
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47. According to biological findings, skin color is derived from an adaptation to equatorial ecologies because of the pigment ______.
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Correct Answer:
Melanin
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48. Which of the following is decreasing in the United States?
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Correct Answer:
Rates of non-Hispanic, White Americans
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Diverse Society (Race, Gender, Class) MCQs | Topic-wise
