Design & Analysis of Control Systems MCQ
The event that causes a use case to begin is called a(n) _____.
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An object has certain ____, like the make, model, and color of a car.
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In a data dictionary, any name other than the standard data element name is called a(n) ____.
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____ measures a modules scope and processing characteristics.
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Setting queue priorities is a type of _____ decision at the operational management level.
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Correct Answer:
Unstructured
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An attribute whose value uniquely identifies an object is called a(n) _______.
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Correct Answer:
Key attribute
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_____ is a computer crime that involves destroying or disrupting computer services.
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_______ requirements are most often documented in graphical and textual models.
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Correct Answer:
Functional
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The first step in the creation of a pert/cpm chart is to ____.
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Correct Answer:
Identify all the project tasks
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What is the LFMT?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Laplace transform of the state-space equations of a system
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What is the ratio of the system output to its input in the S-domain?
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Correct Answer:
Transfer Function
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What is the Transfer Function?
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Correct Answer:
The ratio of the system output to its input, in the S-domain.
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A system is time variant if an input _____ by an arbitrary delay produces an output shifted by that same delay.
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Correct Answer:
Time-shifted
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What is the primary purpose of settling time?
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Correct Answer:
To ensure that the system's oscillatory response is damped to within a certain band of the steady-state value
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What is the domain of the Laplace Transform of a signal or system?
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What does S-Domain represent?
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Correct Answer:
The domain of the Laplace Transform of a signal or system.
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What does SCADA stand for?
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Correct Answer:
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.
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What is the full form of SCADA?
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Correct Answer:
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
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What is the sampling time?
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Correct Answer:
The amount of time between samples
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What is the name for a system that converts an analog signal into a digital signal?
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What is a Sampler?
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Correct Answer:
A system that converts an analog signal into a digital signal.
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What does it mean if a system is relaxed?
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Correct Answer:
The initial conditions are zero.
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What is the target input value of a feedback system called?
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Correct Answer:
Reference Value
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What is the reference value in a feedback system?
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Correct Answer:
The target input value
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What does a Reconstructor do?
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Correct Answer:
Converts a digital signal into an analog signal
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What is a ramp defined by?
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Correct Answer:
The function {\displaystyle tu(t)}{\displaystyle tu(t)}
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What is the full form of R/L?
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Correct Answer:
Raise-Lower
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What is the correct name for the type of output that works from the present position?
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Correct Answer:
Raise-Lower Output
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Quarter-decay is defined as the time or number of control rates required for which process overshoot?
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Correct Answer:
To be limited to within 1/4 of the maximum peak overshoot
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What does it mean if a system is quantized?
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Correct Answer:
It can only output certain discrete values.
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A system is quantized if it can only output _____.
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Correct Answer:
Certain discrete values
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What is a plant?
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Correct Answer:
A central system which has been provided, and must be analyzed or controlled.
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What does the PID in PID controller stand for?
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Correct Answer:
Proportional-Integral-Derivative
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What drives system stability in the final value of the phase?
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Correct Answer:
The poles and zeros of the characteristic equation.
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What is Percent Overshoot?
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Correct Answer:
The amount by which the step response overshoots the reference value, in percentage of the reference value.
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What is Partial Fraction Expansion?
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Correct Answer:
A method by which a complex fraction is decomposed into a sum of simple fractions
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What is optimal control?
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Correct Answer:
A branch of control engineering that deals with the minimization of system cost, or maximization of system performance.
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What is an open loop system?
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Correct Answer:
A system that is not closed
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What is the free-running component of an open loop system?
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Correct Answer:
Uncontrolled
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What did Oliver Heaviside introduce?
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Correct Answer:
Laplace Transform
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When was the Laplace Transform introduced?
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What is the definition of "offset"?
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Correct Answer:
The discrepancy between desired and actual value after settling.
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What is OCTAVE?
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Correct Answer:
Open-source software having a Control Systems toolbox
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What is the definition of nonlinear control?
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Correct Answer:
A branch of control engineering that deals exclusively with non-linear systems.
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The Nyquist Criteria can be derived from what?
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Correct Answer:
Bode plots
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What is the Nyquist Criteria?
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Correct Answer:
A necessary and sufficient condition of stability that can be derived from Bode plots.
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What is the output signal if the input signal is larger than the feedback signal in a negative feedback system?
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Correct Answer:
The output signal will be smaller than the input signal
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What is the natural frequency of a system?
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Correct Answer:
The fundamental frequency of the system
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What does MFAC stand for?
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Correct Answer:
Model Free Adaptive Control
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What is required for a system to have memory?
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Correct Answer:
Its current output is dependent on previous and current inputs.
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What is the full form of MATLAB?
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Correct Answer:
Matrix Laboratory
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What isMATLAB?
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Correct Answer:
A commercial software having a Control Systems toolbox
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What does it mean when a system has imaginary poles?
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Correct Answer:
The system has an oscillatory response.
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What is the DC gain at 0 frequency?
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Correct Answer:
Magnitude
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What is Magnitude?
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Correct Answer:
DC gain at 0 frequency
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What is the superposition principle?
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Correct Answer:
A system that satisfies the superposition principle.
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What are the rows of the inverse transition matrix?
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Correct Answer:
Left-hand nullspace solutions to the characteristic equation of a matrix for given eigenvalues.
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What is graphed along the vertical axis in the Laplace Transform domain?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Imaginary part of s
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What is plotted along the vertical axis in the Laplace Transform Domain?
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Correct Answer:
The imaginary part of s
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What is the Laplace Transform?
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Correct Answer:
An integral transform that converts a function from the time domain into a complex frequency domain.
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What is the observed process impact from an output is slower than the control rate called?
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What does LAG refer to?
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Correct Answer:
The observed process impact from an output is slower than the control rate.
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What is a system called if the current output is only dependent on the current input?
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Correct Answer:
Instantaneous
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What is the current output of a system that is instantaneous only dependent on?
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Correct Answer:
The current input
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What does the Initial Value Theorem allow?
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Correct Answer:
The initial conditions of the system to be determined from the Transfer function.
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What are the conditions of the system at time to?
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Correct Answer:
The conditions of the system at the first time the system is stimulated.
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What does the term "Impulse Response" refer to?
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Correct Answer:
The system output when the system is stimulated by an impulse input.
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What is the system output when the system is stimulated by an impulse input?
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Correct Answer:
Impulse Response
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What is impulse?
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Correct Answer:
A function denoted δ(t), that is the derivative of the unit step
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What is the unit step function?
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Correct Answer:
A function that is the derivative of the unit impulse function.
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What are hybrid systems?
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Correct Answer:
Systems which have both analog and digital components
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What is a hybrid system?
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Correct Answer:
A system with both analog and digital components.
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What is homogeneity?
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Correct Answer:
A system whose scaled input results in an equally scaled output.
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What is homogeniety?
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Correct Answer:
The property of a system whose scaled input results in an equally scaled output.
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What did Harry Nyquist do?
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Correct Answer:
Electrical Engineer
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For which field is Harry Nyquist known?
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Correct Answer:
Information Theory
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What did Hendrik Wade Bode mostly work on?
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Correct Answer:
Control theory and communications
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Which of the following is not one of Hendrik Wade Bode's achievements?
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Correct Answer:
Introduction of the Bode plot
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What does an External System Description do?
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Correct Answer:
Relates the system output to the system input, the system response, and a time constant through integration.
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What is gain?
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Correct Answer:
A constant multiplier in a system that is typically implemented as an amplifier or attenuator.
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What is game theory?
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Correct Answer:
A branch of study that is related to control engineering, and especially optimal control.
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What is the Fourier Transform of the impulse response?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Frequency Response
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What is the Frequency Response?
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Correct Answer:
The response of a system to sinusoids of different frequencies.
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What does the final value theorem allow you to determine?
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Correct Answer:
The steady-state value of a system
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What is signal filtering?
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Correct Answer:
Rejecting undesirable components like noise from a signal.
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What is filtering?
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Correct Answer:
Use of signal smoothing techniques to reject undesirable components like noise.
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What is the name of the process when apriori knowledge is used to forecast at least part of the control response?
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Correct Answer:
Feedforward
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What is a system that relates the input of the system to the output without explicitly accounting for the internal states of the system?
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Correct Answer:
External Description
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What is Exponential Weighted Average?
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Correct Answer:
Apportions fractional weight to new and existing data to form a working average.
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What is the Exponential Weighted Average?
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Correct Answer:
A method of calculating the average of a data set that gives more weight to recent data points
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What is Euler's Formula?
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Correct Answer:
An equation that relates complex exponentials to complex sinusoids.
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What are Eigenvectors?
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Correct Answer:
Nullspace vectors of the characteristic equation for particular eigenvalues.
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What are eigenvalues?
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Correct Answer:
Solutions to the characteristic equation of a matrix
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What is a system called if it has both an infinite number of states, and an infinite number of state variables?
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Correct Answer:
Distributed
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What does it mean if a system is distributed?
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Correct Answer:
It has both an infinite number of states, and an infinite number of state variables.
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What is a discrete time system?
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Correct Answer:
A system or signal that is only defined at specific points in time.
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Direct action is required when ____.
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Correct Answer:
PV is below SP
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What is the ultimate goal of direct action?
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Correct Answer:
Bring the process variable (PV) to setpoint (SP)
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What is a digital system?
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Correct Answer:
A system that is both discrete-time, and quantized.
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What is "Lag" used for?
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Correct Answer:
Dead time shift between the output change and the related effect
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What is "Deadtime"?
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Correct Answer:
The time shift between the output change and the related effect
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What is the damping ratio?
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Correct Answer:
A constant that determines the damping properties of a system.
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What does Damping Ratio determine?
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Correct Answer:
The damping properties of a system.
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What does a compensator do?
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Correct Answer:
A control system that augments the shortcomings of another system.
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What is a Closed Loop?
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Correct Answer:
A controlled system using feedback or feedforward
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What is the name of the control methodology that uses the transform domain to analyze and manipulate the Input-Output characteristics of a system?
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Correct Answer:
Classical Controls
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What does it mean when a system is causal?
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Correct Answer:
The output does not depend on future inputs.
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What does Cascade mean?
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Correct Answer:
When the output of a control loop is fed to/from another loop.
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What does BIBO stand for?
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Correct Answer:
Bounded Input, Bounded Output
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What is plotted on the magnitude graph of a Bode plot?
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Correct Answer:
Decibels vs. frequency
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What does a block diagram do?
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Correct Answer:
It displays individual system components as boxes, and connections between systems as arrows.
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What does it mean if a system is additive?
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Correct Answer:
A sum of inputs results in a sum of outputs.
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What is adaptive gain?
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Correct Answer:
When control gain is varied depending on system state or condition, such as a disturbance.
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What is the main difference between adaptive control and normal control?
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Correct Answer:
Adaptive control systems are able to change their response characteristics over time, while normal control systems cannot.
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What is the Acceleration Error Constant?
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Correct Answer:
A system metric that determines that amount of acceleration error in the system.
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What is an Acceleration Error?
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Correct Answer:
The amount of steady state error of the system when stimulated by a unit parabolic input.
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What is the amount of steady state error of the system when stimulated by a unit parabolic input?
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Correct Answer:
Acceleration Error
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