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Reliability and Failure Analysis MCQ

What is reliability growth?

Answer

Correct Answer: The analysis of the change in reliability over time

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What is reliability centered maintenance (RCM) analysis?

Answer

Correct Answer: A structured framework for analyzing the functions and potential failure modes for a physical asset

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What is the probability of an item operating for a given amount of time without failure?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reliability

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Reliability is the probability of an item operating for a given amount of time without ____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure

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What is the meaning of quality?

Answer

Correct Answer: The non-quantifiable point-level excellence of a product or process

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What is the proportional hazards model?

Answer

Correct Answer: A model that can account for multiple non-thermal stresses as acceleration factors

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How many process characteristics does a process flow diagram record?

Answer

Correct Answer: It records the product and process characteristics that are important to keep under control.

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a process flow diagram?

Answer

Correct Answer: A high level chart

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What is probability plotting paper used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Plotting failure time vs. unreliability

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Which of the following is not a requirement for a probability plot?

Answer

Correct Answer: The plotted points fall on a relatively straight line

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What is the mathematical model that describes the probability of events occurring over time called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Probability density function

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What is the probability of an unlikely event?

Answer

Correct Answer: Close to 0

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What is the reliability of the system if at least one path is available?

Answer

Correct Answer: The system has not failed.

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What is the Occurrence rating?

Answer

Correct Answer: Qualitative ratings used to estimate the likelihood of occurrence for each cause of failure.

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What is the purpose of occurrence ratings?

Answer

Correct Answer: To estimate the likelihood of occurrence for each cause of failure

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What is the name of the mathematician who developed the normal distribution?

Answer

Correct Answer: C. F. Gauss

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What is the main advantage of nonparametric analysis?

Answer

Correct Answer: It avoids potentially large errors brought about by making incorrect assumptions about the distribution.

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What are the confidence bounds associated with nonparametric analysis?

Answer

Correct Answer: Wider

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What does NHPP stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Non-homogeneous Poisson process

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a non-homogeneous Poisson process?

Answer

Correct Answer: Constant failure recurrence rate

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What does "MTTR" stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Mean time to repair

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What does MTTF stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: "mean time to failure"

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What does "MTBF" stand for in the case of repairable systems?

Answer

Correct Answer: Mean time between failures

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What is Monte Carlo simulation?

Answer

Correct Answer: A method of generating values from a known distribution for the purposes of experimentation.

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What is the Correct answer?

Answer

Correct Answer: Modified Gompertz model

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What is the mode ratio?

Answer

Correct Answer: The probability that the item's failure will be due to the failure mode under consideration.

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What represents the percentage of all failures for the item that will be due to the given mode?

Answer

Correct Answer: Mode Ratio

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What is the purpose of a mixed Weibull distribution?

Answer

Correct Answer: To model data with distinct subpopulations that may represent different failure characteristics over the lifetime of a product.

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What is the best estimate for unreliability based on median ranks?

Answer

Correct Answer: 50%

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What is another name for "Mean Life"?

Answer

Correct Answer: Average Life

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What is the expected value of the failure times for a failure distribution?

Answer

Correct Answer: Mean life

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What is the best parameter estimate obtained by MLE?

Answer

Correct Answer: The parameter values that maximize the value of the likelihood equation for a particular data set.

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What is the definition of "Maintenance tasks"?

Answer

Correct Answer: Activities intended to repair or maintain a system

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What is the definition of Maintainability?

Answer

Correct Answer: The probability that a failed unit will be repaired within a given amount of time.

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What is the primary failure mode that the lognormal distribution is used to model?

Answer

Correct Answer: Physical fatigue

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What is the Lloyd-Lipow model?

Answer

Correct Answer: A reliability growth model based on the number of trials and successes at each stage of product development.

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What is the ratio of a likelihood function for an unknown parameter vector to the likelihood function calculated at the estimated parameter vector called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Likelihood ratio

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What is the Maximum likelihood estimation technique?

Answer

Correct Answer: Maximize the likelihood function to determine the best parameter estimates.

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What is the term for a relationship that describes how stress levels affect the reliability of a product?

Answer

Correct Answer: Life-stress relationship

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What is the main purpose of life data analysis?

Answer

Correct Answer: To mathematically model the reliability and failure characteristics of a product.

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What is left censored data?

Answer

Correct Answer: A type of interval censored data where the failure is only known to have occurred before a specific time.

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What is the Kaplan-Meier estimator?

Answer

Correct Answer: An estimator used to calculate the estimates of the unreliability for probability plotting purposes.

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What is the Kaplan-Meier estimator used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: To calculate the estimates of the unreliability for probability plotting purposes

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What is an accelerated life testing model?

Answer

Correct Answer: A model commonly used when the accelerating factor is a single, non-thermal stress.

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What is interval censored data?

Answer

Correct Answer: Data that represents a range of time within which the unit is known to have failed

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What is the importance measure of a component?

Answer

Correct Answer: A measure of the relative contribution of a component’s contribution to the overall system’s reliability.

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What does "HASS" stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Highly accelerated stress screening

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What does HALT stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Highly accelerated life testing

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What does the Gompertz model produce?

Answer

Correct Answer: S-shaped reliability growth curve

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What is the ability of the generalized gamma distribution?

Answer

Correct Answer: To mimic the attributes of other distributions

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Which of the following is not a characteristic of the generalized gamma distribution?

Answer

Correct Answer: The ability to mimic the attributes of other distributions

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What is the General log-linear model?

Answer

Correct Answer: A model that can account for multiple non-thermal stresses as acceleration factors

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What does the general log-linear model allow the user to do?

Answer

Correct Answer: Select a life-stress relationship for each stress

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What is the Fisher matrix used to determine?

Answer

Correct Answer: The variability of estimated parameter values

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What is the Fisher matrix used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: To determine confidence bounds when using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) techniques.

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What are the units of the failure rate function?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failures per unit time among surviving units

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What does FMECA stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure modes, effects and criticality analysis

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What does the FMECA methodology include?

Answer

Correct Answer: Criticality analysis

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What is the full form of FMEA?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure modes and effects analysis

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What is the full name for FMRA?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure modes and reliability analysis

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What does FMEA stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure mode and effects analysis

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What is the meaning of FEC?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure effect categorization

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What is the mathematical model that describes the probability of failures occurring over time called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure distribution

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What is the probability density function?

Answer

Correct Answer: A mathematical model that describes the probability of failures occurring over time.

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What is the Eyring model?

Answer

Correct Answer: An accelerated life testing model based on quantum mechanics

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What is the Exponential distribution?

Answer

Correct Answer: A lifetime statistical distribution that assumes a constant failure rate for the product being modeled.

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What does an exponential distribution assume?

Answer

Correct Answer: A constant failure rate for the product being modeled.

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What is the event space method?

Answer

Correct Answer: A method for determining the reliability of complex systems.

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What does the Duane model predict?

Answer

Correct Answer: A reliability growth profile

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What is the definition of "Downtime"?

Answer

Correct Answer: The amount of time during which a repairable unit is not operating.

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What are detection ratings used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: To estimate the likelihood of prior detection for each cause of failure.

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What is the purpose of detection ratings?

Answer

Correct Answer: To estimate the likelihood of detecting a problem before it reaches the end user or customer.

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What is DRBFM?

Answer

Correct Answer: Design reviews based on failure mode

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What is the purpose of Design for reliability?

Answer

Correct Answer: To ensure the product is reliable

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What is an FMEA?

Answer

Correct Answer: A Failure Modes and Effects Analysis

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What is the main objective of a Design FMEA?

Answer

Correct Answer: To improve the design of a subsystem or component.

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What is the purpose of degradation analysis?

Answer

Correct Answer: To predict the point at which each unit in the sample is expected to fail.

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What is the decomposition method?

Answer

Correct Answer: A method for determining the reliability of complex systems

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What is a cumulative distribution function?

Answer

Correct Answer: A function obtained by integrating the failure distribution pdf.

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What is the purpose of criticality analysis?

Answer

Correct Answer: To prioritize issues that takes into account the probability of failure for the item

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What is the name of the model used to analyze data with multiple stress types?

Answer

Correct Answer: Cumulative damage model

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What is a Control Plan used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Keeping track of characteristics that affect a product during the manufacturing process

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What is a contour plot?

Answer

Correct Answer: A graphical representation of the possible solutions to the likelihood ratio equation.

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What is a confidence bound?

Answer

Correct Answer: A measure of the precision of a statistical estimate

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What is the probability that an item that has survived for 100 hours will survive for an additional 100 hours?

Answer

Correct Answer: Conditional reliability

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What is a complex system?

Answer

Correct Answer: A block diagram that cannot be reduced to series and/or parallel systems.

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What is the definition for complete data?

Answer

Correct Answer: Data that consists of only exact failure times.

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In a competing failure mode model, what does each block represent?

Answer

Correct Answer: A failure mode

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What is the definition of censored data?

Answer

Correct Answer: Data in which not all of the data points represent exact failure times.

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What is the name for data in which not all of the data points represent exact failure times?

Answer

Correct Answer: Censored data

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What is a block diagram?

Answer

Correct Answer: A diagram that represents how the components, represented by "blocks," are arranged and related reliability-wise in a larger system.

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What is B10 life?

Answer

Correct Answer: The time at which 10% of the population will have failed

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What is BX% life?

Answer

Correct Answer: The time at which X% of the units in a population will have failed

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What is the Arrhenius model?

Answer

Correct Answer: An accelerated life testing model used in accelerated life testing to establish a relationship between absolute temperature and reliability.

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Which of the following is not a part of an analysis plan?

Answer

Correct Answer: Estimated completion dates

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What does ANOVA stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Analysis of Variance

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What does "AMSAA" stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Army Material Systems Analysis Activity

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What does "AMPM" stand for?

Answer

Correct Answer: AMSAA maturity prediction model

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What is the acceleration factor?

Answer

Correct Answer: The ratio of the product’s life at the use stress level to its life at an accelerated stress level.

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What is the main purpose of accelerated life testing?

Answer

Correct Answer: To obtain reliability information about a product in a shorter time.

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What is the meaning of extrapolates in the definition?

Answer

Correct Answer: To infer (an unknown) from something that is known

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