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Foundations of Engineering MCQ

What does "quantify" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Expressing situations as numbers, equations, and inequalities.

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What is the process of quality control?

Answer

Correct Answer: The process of setting standards, measuring features, comparing them to the standards, and making corrective actions.

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What is qualitative data?

Answer

Correct Answer: Qualitative data is a type of data collection method that involves numbers and objective data.

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What is qualitative data collection?

Answer

Correct Answer: A method of data collection that involves numbers and objective data.

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What is pasteurization?

Answer

Correct Answer: Preservation method that uses heat to kill harmful microorganisms.

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What is passive voice?

Answer

Correct Answer: Writing style that focuses on the subject that experiences an action rather than the subject that performs the action.

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What is the most important advantage of using solar energy?

Answer

Correct Answer: Solar energy is a renewable resource.

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What are passive collectors?

Answer

Correct Answer: Solar collectors that directly collect, store, and distribute the heat they convert from solar energy.

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What is partnership?

Answer

Correct Answer: A form of private ownership in which two or more people own and operate the company.

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In a parallel circuit, _____.

Answer

Correct Answer: Components are connected across common ends or nodes

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What is the definition of a parallel circuit?

Answer

Correct Answer: A circuit in which components are connected across common ends or nodes, providing multiple pathways for electrons to flow.

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What is packaging?

Answer

Correct Answer: Designing, producing, and filling containers that hold a company’s products.

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What does an operating system do?

Answer

Correct Answer: Manages the computer's processes, memory, and the operation of all other hardware and software

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What is the primary focus of operating managers?

Answer

Correct Answer: Directly oversee specific operations in the company

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What type of system is an open-loop control system?

Answer

Correct Answer: A system that does not use output information to adjust the process

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What does an open-loop control system use to adjust the process?

Answer

Correct Answer: Output information

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What does Ohm's law define?

Answer

Correct Answer: The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit.

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What is an oblique sketch?

Answer

Correct Answer: A sketch that shows the front view of an object as if a person is looking directly at it.

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What are natural resources?

Answer

Correct Answer: Materials that occur naturally on the earth.

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What is the definition of natural phenomena?

Answer

Correct Answer: Any observable events that happen in nature and are not human made.

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What does "natural materials" mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Materials that can be refined and combined to make products.

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What is the main component of natural gas?

Answer

Correct Answer: Light hydrocarbons

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What is natural gas?

Answer

Correct Answer: A fossil fuel resource that occurs in porous rock.

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What is nanotechnology?

Answer

Correct Answer: The manipulation of individual atoms and molecules of materials.

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What is management?

Answer

Correct Answer: The act of planning, directing, and evaluating any activity.

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What are magnetic sensors used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: To determine whether or not changes are occurring in the amount of current flowing in a circuit.

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What type of sensors are magnetic sensors?

Answer

Correct Answer: Electromagnetic

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What is machining?

Answer

Correct Answer: Separating process in which excess material is removed in small pieces.

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What is the definition of a machine?

Answer

Correct Answer: Tools that amplify the speed, amount, or direction of a force.

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What are machine tools used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Making other machines

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What is landscaping?

Answer

Correct Answer: Trees, shrubs, and grass that are planted to help prevent erosion and improve the appearance of the site.

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What is a land-transportation system?

Answer

Correct Answer: A transportation system that moves people and goods on the surface of the earth from place to place.

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What is laminar flow?

Answer

Correct Answer: Even, straight flow of fluid in layers.

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What does "laminar flow" refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: Even, straight flow of fluid in layers

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What are labor relations?

Answer

Correct Answer: A company's programs that deal with the employees' labor unions

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What is a labor agreement?

Answer

Correct Answer: A contract that establishes pay rates, hours, and working conditions for all employees covered by the contract.

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What does kinesiology study?

Answer

Correct Answer: Human movement

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What is the study of describing motion without the concern of the forces involved called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Kinematics

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What does kilowatt-hour measure?

Answer

Correct Answer: The work that 1000 watts complete in one hour.

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What is the purpose of a keel?

Answer

Correct Answer: Prevents the boat from being blown sideways

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What is Kaizen?

Answer

Correct Answer: A continuous improvement philosophy that promotes constant change in manufacturing operations based on employee input.

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What does Kaizen promote?

Answer

Correct Answer: Constant change in manufacturing operations based on employee input.

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What is JIT manufacturing?

Answer

Correct Answer: A production strategy in which companies purchase the parts for their goods only as they are needed.

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What is the production strategy in which companies purchase the parts for their goods only as they are needed?

Answer

Correct Answer: Just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing

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What is a data-comparing device that allows human opinions and values to enter into the control process?

Answer

Correct Answer: Judgmental system

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What is the SI unit of a joule?

Answer

Correct Answer: Joule

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What is a joule?

Answer

Correct Answer: A measurement that is one newton per meter.

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What is a jig?

Answer

Correct Answer: A device that guides the machines or tools performing manufacturing operations.

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What is income?

Answer

Correct Answer: The money a company earns as the end result of sales.

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What is an inclined plane?

Answer

Correct Answer: A sloped surface used to make a job easier to do.

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What is the body exposed to in order to create immunity?

Answer

Correct Answer: Small amounts of a bacterium, protein, or virus

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What are immediate outputs?

Answer

Correct Answer: Products or services designed for use now

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What is ideation?

Answer

Correct Answer: A process in which designers create many possible answers by letting their minds create solutions.

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Which of the following is not a stage of ideation?

Answer

Correct Answer: Implementation

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What is hardwood lumber?

Answer

Correct Answer: Lumber produced from deciduous (leaf-bearing) trees.

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What is hardware?

Answer

Correct Answer: Physical equipment that includes a computer and the devices attached to it.

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What does hardware refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The physical equipment that includes a computer and the devices attached to it.

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What does hardness measure?

Answer

Correct Answer: The resistance of a material to indentation, scratch, and rebound tests.

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What is the definition of hand tools?

Answer

Correct Answer: Simple, handheld artifacts requiring human-muscle power, air, or electric power to make them work.

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What is the simplest type of hand tool?

Answer

Correct Answer: A hammer

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Halogens are what?

Answer

Correct Answer: Chemical elements that have seven electrons in their valence orbital

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What is the name given to chemical elements that have seven electrons in their valence orbital?

Answer

Correct Answer: Halogens

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What is general aviation?

Answer

Correct Answer: Travel for pleasure or business in an aircraft owned by an individual or business.

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What is gene splicing?

Answer

Correct Answer: Process of producing an organism with a new set of traits.

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What is the purpose of gears?

Answer

Correct Answer: To change the direction of a rotating force.

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What is the definition of gas?

Answer

Correct Answer: A material that easily disperses and expands to fill any space.

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What does a Gantt chart illustrate?

Answer

Correct Answer: A project schedule using horizontal bars that represent each phase and activity that makes up the project.

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What is fertilizer?

Answer

Correct Answer: A substance that contains important chemicals that encourage and support plant growth.

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Convertion of carbohydrates into acids or alcohol by yeast or bacteria is called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Fermentation

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Fermentation is the process of

Answer

Correct Answer: Conversion of carbohydrates into alcohols or acids

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What does the term 'feed motion' mean in relation to cutting?

Answer

Correct Answer: The action bringing new material into the cutter, allowing the cutting action to be continuous.

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What is fatigue failure?

Answer

Correct Answer: The failure of an object after being subjected to repeated loading and unloading.

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What is a fascia board?

Answer

Correct Answer: A board used to finish the ends of the rafters and the overhang.

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What does an electrical and electronic controller do?

Answer

Correct Answer: It adjusts machines or other devices.

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What types of devices does an electrical and electronic controller use?

Answer

Correct Answer: Switches, relays, motors, diodes, transistors, and ICs

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What is electric charge?

Answer

Correct Answer: A measurable property of matter which can be positive or negative.

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What are elastomers?

Answer

Correct Answer: Elastic polymers that can stretch, but return to their original shape when released.

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What is the elastic range?

Answer

Correct Answer: The range between rest (no force applied) and the yield point of a material.

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What is the definition of edutainment?

Answer

Correct Answer: Educational content that is designed to have entertainment value

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What is Edutainment?

Answer

Correct Answer: Educational content that is designed to have entertainment value.

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What is the main purpose of economic enterprises?

Answer

Correct Answer: Making a profit

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What are economic enterprises?

Answer

Correct Answer: Organizations engaging in business efforts directed toward making a profit.

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What is earth-orbit travel?

Answer

Correct Answer: A type of space travel used to launch communication satellites

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What is debt financing?

Answer

Correct Answer: A method for raising money by borrowing it from financial institutions or private investors. The debt must be repaid.

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What is the meaning of debt financing?

Answer

Correct Answer: A method for raising money by borrowing it from financial institutions or private investors.

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What is the dead load?

Answer

Correct Answer: Any permanent component of a building such as the floors, walls, roof, or beams.

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What is a data-comparing device?

Answer

Correct Answer: A device used to compare the data gathered by monitoring devices against expectations.

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What is data?

Answer

Correct Answer: Raw facts and figures people and machines collect

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What is a cantilever bridge?

Answer

Correct Answer: A type of bridge that uses trusses extending out in both directions from the support beams.

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What is a cantilever?

Answer

Correct Answer: A long, projecting beam that is supported on only one end.

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What is canning?

Answer

Correct Answer: Preservation method in which food is sealed into glass jars or metal cans.

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What does canning involve?

Answer

Correct Answer: Sealing food into glass jars or metal cans

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What is the characteristic curvature along the upper and lower surface of an airfoil called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Camber

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What is camber?

Answer

Correct Answer: The characteristic curvature along the upper and lower surface of an airfoil.

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What does a cam do?

Answer

Correct Answer: Changes rotating motion into reciprocating motion

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What is barbed wire?

Answer

Correct Answer: A type of fencing made of smooth wire with pointed spikes added along its length.

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What is barbed wire used for?

Answer

Correct Answer: Fencing

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What is the cutting action of a band saw?

Answer

Correct Answer: Linear

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What does ballast refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: Extra weight added to a locomotive to give the locomotive better traction.

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What is the purpose of adding ballast to a locomotive?

Answer

Correct Answer: To give the locomotive better traction.

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What is a baler?

Answer

Correct Answer: Farming machine used to gather, compact, and contain hay.

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What is the active voice?

Answer

Correct Answer: Writing style that focuses on the subject that performs an action.

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What is active voice in writing?

Answer

Correct Answer: A writing style that focuses on the subject that performs an action.

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What does active collectors refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The use of mechanical systems to circulate fluids through solar collectors.

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What does the term "acoustical properties" refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: How a material reacts to sound waves.

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What are the acoustical properties?

Answer

Correct Answer: How a material reacts to sound waves

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What is the area of a company that keeps records of financial transactions?

Answer

Correct Answer: Accounting

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What is accounting?

Answer

Correct Answer: The area of a company that keeps records of financial transactions.

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What does an abutment do?

Answer

Correct Answer: Stops the thrust of the arch by tying the ends of the arch to the ground.

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