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Applied Engineering MCQ

The event that causes a use case to begin is called a(n) _____.

Action

Trigger

Hammer

Anvil

Stakeholder.

Answer

Correct Answer: Trigger

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An object has certain ____, like the make, model, and color of a car.

Keys

Indices

Attributes

Packets

Answer

Correct Answer: Indices

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In a data dictionary, any name other than the standard data element name is called a(n) ____.

Alias

Type

Length

Domain

Answer

Correct Answer: Alias

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____ measures a modules scope and processing characteristics.

Stimulation

Cohesion

Code revie

Integration

Answer

Correct Answer: Cohesion

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Setting queue priorities is a type of _____ decision at the operational management level.

Intelligence

Semistructured

Unstructured

Design

Answer

Correct Answer: Unstructured

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An attribute whose value uniquely identifies an object is called a(n) _______.

Compound attribute

Key attribute

Primary key

Prime attribute

Answer

Correct Answer: Key attribute

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_____ is a computer crime that involves destroying or disrupting computer services.

Sabotage

Libel

Slander

Keystroke logging

Answer

Correct Answer: Sabotage

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_______ requirements are most often documented in graphical and textual models.

Nonfunctional

Functional requirements

Graphical

Functional

Answer

Correct Answer: Functional

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The first step in the creation of a pert/cpm chart is to ____.

Determine the logical order of project tasks

Identify the graphical planning aids to use

Identify all the project tasks

Determine the status of all tasks

Answer

Correct Answer: Identify all the project tasks

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What is the LFMT?

Laplace transform of the system function of a system

Laplace transform of the input-output equations of a system

Laplace transform of the state-space equations of a system

Laplace transform of the transfer function of a system

Answer

Correct Answer: Laplace transform of the state-space equations of a system

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What is the ratio of the system output to its input in the S-domain?

System output

Impulse response

Transfer Function

Laplace Transform

Answer

Correct Answer: Transfer Function

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What is the Transfer Function?

The ratio of the system output to its input, in the S-domain.

The Laplace Transform of the function's impulse response.

The Laplace Transform of the system's output.

The Laplace Transform of the function's input.

Answer

Correct Answer: The ratio of the system output to its input, in the S-domain.

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A system is time variant if an input _____ by an arbitrary delay produces an output shifted by that same delay.

Time-shifted

Time-stopped

Time-delayed

Time-changed

Answer

Correct Answer: Time-shifted

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What is the primary purpose of settling time?

To track the system's performance over time

To determine the system's response to a step input

To calculate the amount of time it takes for the system to reach steady state

To ensure that the system's oscillatory response is damped to within a certain band of the steady-state value

Answer

Correct Answer: To ensure that the system's oscillatory response is damped to within a certain band of the steady-state value

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What is the domain of the Laplace Transform of a signal or system?

Time Domain

Laplace Domain

Frequency Domain

S-Domain

Answer

Correct Answer: S-Domain

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What does S-Domain represent?

The range of the Laplace Transform of a signal or system.

The inverse Laplace Transform of a signal or system.

The domain of the Laplace Transform of a signal or system.

The Laplace Transform of a signal or system.

Answer

Correct Answer: The domain of the Laplace Transform of a signal or system.

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What does SCADA stand for?

Supervisory Control and Data Analysis.

System Control and Data Acquisition.

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.

Supervisory Control and Data Application.

Answer

Correct Answer: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.

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What is the full form of SCADA?

Sensitive Control and Data Acquisition

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

Single Channel Architecture for Data Acquisition

System Control and Data Analysis

Answer

Correct Answer: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

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What is the sampling time?

The lowest frequency that can be sampled

The amount of time between samples

The highest frequency that can be sampled

The speed of the system

Answer

Correct Answer: The amount of time between samples

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What is the name for a system that converts an analog signal into a digital signal?

Sampler

Digitalizer

Converter

Analogizer

Answer

Correct Answer: Sampler

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What is a Sampler?

A device that stores digital data

None of the above

A system that converts an analog signal into a digital signal.

A system that converts an digital signal into an analog signal.

Answer

Correct Answer: A system that converts an analog signal into a digital signal.

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What does it mean if a system is relaxed?

The system is unstable.

The system is not relaxed.

The system is in equilibrium.

The initial conditions are zero.

Answer

Correct Answer: The initial conditions are zero.

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What is the target input value of a feedback system called?

Objective Value

Truth Value

Reference Value

Stimulus Value

Answer

Correct Answer: Reference Value

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What is the reference value in a feedback system?

The maximum input value

The current output value

The target input value

The minimum input value

Answer

Correct Answer: The target input value

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What does a Reconstructor do?

Converts a digital signal into a light signal

Converts an analog signal into a digital signal

Converts a digital signal into an analog signal

Converts a light signal into a digital signal

Answer

Correct Answer: Converts a digital signal into an analog signal

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What is a ramp defined by?

The function {\displaystyle 1/t}{\displaystyle 1/t}

The function {\displaystyle t^2}{\displaystyle t^2}

The function {\displaystyle t^3}{\displaystyle t^3}

The function {\displaystyle tu(t)}{\displaystyle tu(t)}

Answer

Correct Answer: The function {\displaystyle tu(t)}{\displaystyle tu(t)}

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What is the full form of R/L?

Relay-Lever

Remy-Levett

Raise-Lower

Random-Lane

Answer

Correct Answer: Raise-Lower

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What is the correct name for the type of output that works from the present position?

Present Position Output

Resistor Output

Relay Output

Raise-Lower Output

Answer

Correct Answer: Raise-Lower Output

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Quarter-decay is defined as the time or number of control rates required for which process overshoot?

To be limited to within 1/8 of the maximum peak overshoot.

To be limited to within 1/4 of the maximum peak overshoot

To be limited to within 1/2 of the maximum peak overshoot

To be limited to within 3/4 of the maximum peak overshoot

Answer

Correct Answer: To be limited to within 1/4 of the maximum peak overshoot

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What does it mean if a system is quantized?

There is no set limit to what it can output.

It can only output certain continuous values.

It is not measurable.

It can only output certain discrete values.

Answer

Correct Answer: It can only output certain discrete values.

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A system is quantized if it can only output _____.

A limited amount of values

A set of values

It cannot be determined

Certain discrete values

Answer

Correct Answer: Certain discrete values

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What is a plant?

A green living thing that gets food from the sun

A place where flowers grow

A central system which has been provided, and must be analyzed or controlled.

An area where there are many trees

Answer

Correct Answer: A central system which has been provided, and must be analyzed or controlled.

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What does the PID in PID controller stand for?

Proportional-Integral-Derivative

Proportional-Interval-Derivative

Proportional-Integrated-Derivative

Proportional-Inductive-Derivative

Answer

Correct Answer: Proportional-Integral-Derivative

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What drives system stability in the final value of the phase?

The discrete filter equivalent to the analog version.

The poles and zeros of the characteristic equation.

The value of the Nyquist limit.

The directional component of frequency response.

Answer

Correct Answer: The poles and zeros of the characteristic equation.

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What is Percent Overshoot?

The amount by which the step response overshoots the reference value, in percentage of the reference value.

The amount by which the step response falls below the reference value, in percentage of the reference value.

A measure of how well a system performs

The expected highest value of a system

Answer

Correct Answer: The amount by which the step response overshoots the reference value, in percentage of the reference value.

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What is Partial Fraction Expansion?

A method by which a complex fraction is decomposed into a sum of complex fractions

A method by which a complex fraction is decomposed into a sum of simple fractions

A method by which a simple fraction is decomposed into a sum of simple fractions

A method by which a simple fraction is decomposed into a sum of complex fractions

Answer

Correct Answer: A method by which a complex fraction is decomposed into a sum of simple fractions

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What is optimal control?

A branch of engineering that deals with the minimization of system cost.

A branch of engineering that deals with the minimization of system performance.

A branch of control engineering that deals with the minimization of system cost, or maximization of system performance.

A branch of engineering that deals with the maximization of system performance

Answer

Correct Answer: A branch of control engineering that deals with the minimization of system cost, or maximization of system performance.

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What is an open loop system?

A system that is closed

A system with no free-running component

A system that is not controlled

A system that is not closed

Answer

Correct Answer: A system that is not closed

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What is the free-running component of an open loop system?

Overcontrolled

Uncontrolled

Contrarolled

Answer

Correct Answer: Uncontrolled

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What did Oliver Heaviside introduce?

Heaviside Transform

Laplace Transform

Fourier Transform

Integral Transform

Answer

Correct Answer: Laplace Transform

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When was the Laplace Transform introduced?

1821

1811

1791

1801

Answer

Correct Answer: 1811

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What is the definition of "offset"?

The process of neutralizing the effects of an opposing force.

A device used to measure electrical potential.

The discrepancy between desired and actual value after settling.

The amount of money a company owes to its creditors.

Answer

Correct Answer: The discrepancy between desired and actual value after settling.

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What is OCTAVE?

Open-source software having a Control Systems toolbox

A high-level interpreted programming language

A music composition software

A virus protection software

Answer

Correct Answer: Open-source software having a Control Systems toolbox

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What is the definition of nonlinear control?

A method of controlling a system by introducing non-linear elements into the system

A branch of control engineering that deals exclusively with non-linear systems.

A way of control systems that are not linearly consistent

A system of control that does not follow the linear path

Answer

Correct Answer: A branch of control engineering that deals exclusively with non-linear systems.

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The Nyquist Criteria can be derived from what?

Bode plots

Fourier analysis

Laplace transforms

Nyquist plots

Answer

Correct Answer: Bode plots

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What is the Nyquist Criteria?

A necessary and sufficient condition of stability that cannot be derived from Bode plots.

A necessary but not sufficient condition of stability that can be derived from Bode plots.

A necessary and sufficient condition of stability that can be derived from Bode plots.

A necessary but not sufficient condition of stability that cannot be derived from Bode plots.

Answer

Correct Answer: A necessary and sufficient condition of stability that can be derived from Bode plots.

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What is the output signal if the input signal is larger than the feedback signal in a negative feedback system?

The output signal will be the same as the input signal

There will be no output signal

The output signal will be smaller than the input signal

The output signal will be larger than the input signal

Answer

Correct Answer: The output signal will be smaller than the input signal

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What is the natural frequency of a system?

The frequency for which the system's frequency response is largest

There is no such thing as a natural frequency

The fundamental frequency of the system

The frequency for which the system's frequency response is smallest

Answer

Correct Answer: The fundamental frequency of the system

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What does MFAC stand for?

Many Flies Adaptive Control

Modeled Fashionable Adaptive Control

Model Free Adaptive Control

Movie Fans Adaptive Control

Answer

Correct Answer: Model Free Adaptive Control

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What is required for a system to have memory?

Its current output is dependent on previous and current inputs.

It can remember previous outputs.

It can store data for future use.

It can remember previous inputs.

Answer

Correct Answer: Its current output is dependent on previous and current inputs.

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What is the full form of MATLAB?

Mathematical Laboratory

Modelling and Analysis of Technical Systems

Matrix Laboratory

Multi-purpose Agricultural Machines Langauge

Answer

Correct Answer: Matrix Laboratory

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What isMATLAB?

A software application

A programming language

A web development platform

A commercial software having a Control Systems toolbox

Answer

Correct Answer: A commercial software having a Control Systems toolbox

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What does it mean when a system has imaginary poles?

The system is not well defined.

The system is unstable.

The system is not linear.

The system has an oscillatory response.

Answer

Correct Answer: The system has an oscillatory response.

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What is the DC gain at 0 frequency?

Magnitude

Frequency response

Analog's

Discrete filter

Answer

Correct Answer: Magnitude

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What is Magnitude?

The gain component of frequency response

Discrete filter's response

DC gain at 0 frequency

AC gain at 0 frequency

Answer

Correct Answer: DC gain at 0 frequency

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What is the superposition principle?

A physical principle that defines the behavior of waves

A system that satisfies the superposition principle.

A mathematical principle that defines addition

A chemical principle that defines the behavior of atoms

Answer

Correct Answer: A system that satisfies the superposition principle.

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What are the rows of the inverse transition matrix?

The rows of the transition matrix.

Left-hand nullspace solutions to the characteristic equation of a matrix for given eigenvalues.

Right-hand nullspace solutions to the characteristic equation of a matrix for given eigenvalues.

The columns of the transition matrix.

Answer

Correct Answer: Left-hand nullspace solutions to the characteristic equation of a matrix for given eigenvalues.

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What is graphed along the vertical axis in the Laplace Transform domain?

Laplace Transform of a function

Imaginary part of s

Vertical axis

Real part of s

Answer

Correct Answer: Imaginary part of s

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What is plotted along the vertical axis in the Laplace Transform Domain?

The imaginary part of s

The function's Laplace Transform

Nothing

The real part of s

Answer

Correct Answer: The imaginary part of s

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What is the Laplace Transform?

A complex number

The time domain

A measure of how much a function changes

An integral transform that converts a function from the time domain into a complex frequency domain.

Answer

Correct Answer: An integral transform that converts a function from the time domain into a complex frequency domain.

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What is the observed process impact from an output is slower than the control rate called?

Lag

Lead

Cycle

Mixed

Answer

Correct Answer: Lag

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What does LAG refer to?

The observed process impact from an output is slower than the control rate.

There is no relationship between input and output.

The observed process impact from an output is faster than the control rate.

Output is faster than the input.

Answer

Correct Answer: The observed process impact from an output is slower than the control rate.

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What is a system called if the current output is only dependent on the current input?

Memory

Dynamic

Instantaneous

Output

Answer

Correct Answer: Instantaneous

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What is the current output of a system that is instantaneous only dependent on?

The memory of the system

The dynamic of the system

The current input

The previous output of the system

Answer

Correct Answer: The current input

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What does the Initial Value Theorem allow?

The final conditions of the system to be determined from the Transfer function

The initial conditions of the system to be determined from the Transfer function.

The Transfer function to be determined from the initial conditions of the system

The final conditions of the system to be determined from the differential equation.

Answer

Correct Answer: The initial conditions of the system to be determined from the Transfer function.

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What are the conditions of the system at time to?

The conditions of the system at the first time the system is stimulated.

The conditions of the system at time to are unknown.

The conditions of the system at time to are unimportant.

The conditions of the system at time to are random.

Answer

Correct Answer: The conditions of the system at the first time the system is stimulated.

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What does the term "Impulse Response" refer to?

The Inverse Laplace Transform of the transfer function of the system.

The system output when the system is stimulated by an step input.

The system output when the system is stimulated by an impulse input.

The system output when the system is stimulated by an sinusoidal input.

Answer

Correct Answer: The system output when the system is stimulated by an impulse input.

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What is the system output when the system is stimulated by an impulse input?

Laplace Transform

Output Response

Impulse Response

Transfer Function

Answer

Correct Answer: Impulse Response

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What is impulse?

It is the product of force and time

It is a sudden application or force

A function denoted δ(t), that is the derivative of the unit step

It is the rate of change of momentum

Answer

Correct Answer: A function denoted δ(t), that is the derivative of the unit step

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What is the unit step function?

A function that is the derivative of the unit impulse function.

A function that is the sum of the unit impulse function and the unit step function.

A function that is the integral of the unit impulse function.

A function that is the difference of the unit impulse function and the unit step function.

Answer

Correct Answer: A function that is the derivative of the unit impulse function.

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What are hybrid systems?

Systems which have only analog components

Systems which have only digital components

Nothing

Systems which have both analog and digital components

Answer

Correct Answer: Systems which have both analog and digital components

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What is a hybrid system?

A system with only digital components.

A system that is not electronic.

A system with only analog components.

A system with both analog and digital components.

Answer

Correct Answer: A system with both analog and digital components.

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What is homogeneity?

A system with no output.

A system whose scaled input results in an equally scaled output.

A system with no input.

A system whose scaled input does not result in an equally scaled output.

Answer

Correct Answer: A system whose scaled input results in an equally scaled output.

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What is homogeniety?

A system in which all the elements are the same.

The property of a system whose scaled input results in an equally scaled output.

A system in which all the elements are different.

A system in which the input does not affect the output.

Answer

Correct Answer: The property of a system whose scaled input results in an equally scaled output.

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What did Harry Nyquist do?

Research in Nyquist's Theorem

Electrical Engineer

Introduction of the Nyquist Stability Criterion

Work in controls and information theory

Answer

Correct Answer: Electrical Engineer

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For which field is Harry Nyquist known?

Nyquist Stability Criterion

Information Theory

Mathematics

Electrical Engineering

Answer

Correct Answer: Information Theory

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What did Hendrik Wade Bode mostly work on?

Electrical engineering

Bode plot

Control theory and communications

Control engineering

Answer

Correct Answer: Control theory and communications

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Which of the following is not one of Hendrik Wade Bode's achievements?

Work in Control Theory and Communications

Development of the Bromley Altitude Telemeter

Electrical Engineering

Introduction of the Bode plot

Answer

Correct Answer: Introduction of the Bode plot

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What does an External System Description do?

Defines the relationship between the system output and the system input.

Describes the system response in relation to the system input and the system output.

Describes the system output in relation to the system input and the system response.

Relates the system output to the system input, the system response, and a time constant through integration.

Answer

Correct Answer: Relates the system output to the system input, the system response, and a time constant through integration.

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What is gain?

The number of decibels by which a sound wave's pressure varies from the average atmospheric pressure.

A measure of loudness

A constant multiplier in a system that is typically implemented as an amplifier or attenuator.

The degree to which something is increased

Answer

Correct Answer: A constant multiplier in a system that is typically implemented as an amplifier or attenuator.

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What is game theory?

A branch of study that is related to mathematics, and especially number theory.

A branch of study that is related to control engineering, and especially optimal control.

A branch of study that is related to sociology, and especially social interactions.

A branch of study that is related to psychology, and especially behavioral studies.

Answer

Correct Answer: A branch of study that is related to control engineering, and especially optimal control.

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What is the Fourier Transform of the impulse response?

System response

Frequency Response

Impulse response

Step response

Answer

Correct Answer: Frequency Response

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What is the Frequency Response?

The response of a system to impulses.

The response of a system to sinusoids of different frequencies.

The response of a system to sinusoids of the same frequency.

The Fourier Transform of the impulse response.

Answer

Correct Answer: The response of a system to sinusoids of different frequencies.

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What does the final value theorem allow you to determine?

The order of a system

The input of a system

The transfer function of a system

The steady-state value of a system

Answer

Correct Answer: The steady-state value of a system

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What is signal filtering?

Rejecting undesirable components like noise from a signal.

Adding an echo to a signal

Making a signal louder

Changing the pitch of a signal

Answer

Correct Answer: Rejecting undesirable components like noise from a signal.

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What is filtering?

Use of signal multiplication techniques to reject all components of the noise.

Use of signal averaging techniques to improve all components of the signal.

Use of signal smoothing techniques to reject undesirable components like noise.

Use of signal enhancement techniques to improve desirable components like sound.

Answer

Correct Answer: Use of signal smoothing techniques to reject undesirable components like noise.

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What is the name of the process when apriori knowledge is used to forecast at least part of the control response?

Prediction

Feedforward

Feedback

Forecasting

Answer

Correct Answer: Feedforward

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What is a system that relates the input of the system to the output without explicitly accounting for the internal states of the system?

Internal Description

System Description

External Description

External System

Answer

Correct Answer: External Description

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What is Exponential Weighted Average?

Apportions fractional weight to new and existing data to form a working average.

Apportions fractional weight to existing data to form a working average.

Apportions fractional weight to new data to form a working average.

Apportions whole weight to new and existing data to form a working average.

Answer

Correct Answer: Apportions fractional weight to new and existing data to form a working average.

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What is the Exponential Weighted Average?

A method of calculating the average of a data set that randomly assigns weights to data points

A method of calculating the average of a data set that gives more weight to recent data points

A method of calculating the average of a data set that gives more weight to older data points

Answer

Correct Answer: A method of calculating the average of a data set that gives more weight to recent data points

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What is Euler's Formula?

An equation that relates complex exponentials to complex sinusoids.

A formula used to calculate the probability of an event.

A mathematical statement that two variables are equal.

An equation used to calculate the circumference of a circle.

Answer

Correct Answer: An equation that relates complex exponentials to complex sinusoids.

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What are Eigenvectors?

Transition vectors of a system

Nullspace vectors of the characteristic equation for particular eigenvalues.

Vectors that result from the addition of two vectors.

Length measurements of a vector

Answer

Correct Answer: Nullspace vectors of the characteristic equation for particular eigenvalues.

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What are eigenvalues?

The determinant of a matrix

Solutions to the characteristic equation of a matrix

A method of solving differential equations

The inverse of a matrix

Answer

Correct Answer: Solutions to the characteristic equation of a matrix

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What is a system called if it has both an infinite number of states, and an infinite number of state variables?

Lumped

Infinite

Random

Distributed

Answer

Correct Answer: Distributed

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What does it mean if a system is distributed?

It has an infinite number of states, and a finite number of state variables.

It has a finite number of states, and an infinite number of state variables.

It has both an infinite number of states, and an infinite number of state variables.

It has a finite number of states, and a finite number of state variables.

Answer

Correct Answer: It has both an infinite number of states, and an infinite number of state variables.

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What is a discrete time system?

A system or signal that is only defined at specific points in space.

A system or signal that is only defined at specific points in time.

A system or signal that is defined at any point in space.

A system or signal that is defined at any point in time.

Answer

Correct Answer: A system or signal that is only defined at specific points in time.

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Direct action is required when ____.

Output is above SP

PV is above SP

Output is below SP

PV is below SP

Answer

Correct Answer: PV is below SP

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What is the ultimate goal of direct action?

Bring the process variable (PV) to setpoint (SP)

Allow the process to continue

Stop the process

Maintain the process

Answer

Correct Answer: Bring the process variable (PV) to setpoint (SP)

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What is a digital system?

A system that is analog

A system that uses digital signals

A system that is both discrete-time, and quantized.

A system that is discrete-time

Answer

Correct Answer: A system that is both discrete-time, and quantized.

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What is "Lag" used for?

The time it takes for one complete waveform

Dead time shift between the output change and the related effect

The time it takes for a control sample to change

The time inbetween output changes

Answer

Correct Answer: Dead time shift between the output change and the related effect

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