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Gentle and Statistical Introduction MCQ

Independent variable is also known as_____

Treatment variable

Predictor variable

Response variable

Both a and b

Answer

Correct Answer: Both a and b

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A good theory should _____

Be provocative

Be compelling

Should generate testable hypotheses

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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A stratified sample is a sample in which people or objects are included in the sample in varying proportion to their frequency in the subgroups that make up the population.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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Significant findings indicate that the results of the experiment are not real and by chance.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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Findings are considered statistically significant if the probability that we are wrong is _____

Equal to 0.05

Less than 0.05

More than 0.05

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Less than 0.05

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Sigma is a symbol used to indicate that a set of numbers should be_____

Subtracted

Added

Divided

Multiplied

Answer

Correct Answer: Added

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A smaller group of scores selected from the population of scores is known as sample.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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Common and conventionally accepted ways of measuring numerical data characteristics such as _____

Mean

Standard deviation

Both

None

Answer

Correct Answer: Both

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The significance level in replication is _____

0.005

0.05

0.5

5.0

Answer

Correct Answer: 0.05

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A measurement scale in which the units of measurement are equal and there is a rational zero point is known as_____

Interval scale

Nominal scale

Ordinal scale

Ratio scale

Answer

Correct Answer: Ratio scale

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A statistical procedure designed to help the researcher determine the minimum sample size that will help determine whether a treatment or procedure really works is known as_____

Parameter

Power analysis

Significance

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Power analysis

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The power of a test is estimated by _____

1 – β

β-1

0-β

Answer

Correct Answer: 1 – β

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The standard for minimum power in psychological research is_____

8.0

0.80

0.08

Answer

Correct Answer: 0.80

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Population is most often a theoretical group of all possible scores with the same trait or traits.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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In placebo effect the drug given is_____

Low dose

Toxic dose

Inert

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Inert

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Common and conventionally accepted ways of measuring numerical data characteristics such as _____

Mean

Standard deviation

Both

None

Answer

Correct Answer: Both

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In ordinal scale the data are rank-ordered according to the_____

Label

Trait

Number

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Trait

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Operational definition is the definition of a concept by means of the operations or procedures that were used to _____ it.

Make

Produce

Measure

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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In nominal scale the data is _____

Ranked numerically

Named

Labeled

Both b and c

Answer

Correct Answer: Both b and c

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Nocebo effect is the belief of a participant in an experiment or a patient that a drug or treatment will_____

Treat them

Harm them

Have no effect

None of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Harm them

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Measurement error is the difference between an obtained value of the dependent variable and what would be the theoretically true value.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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A measurement scale in which the units of measurement are equal along the length of the scale and rational zero point _____

Not present

Answer

Correct Answer: Not present

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Techniques that are used on samples to make inferences about population values refer to_____

Discrete statistics

Inferential statistics

Descriptive statistics

Both b and c

Answer

Correct Answer: Inferential statistics

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A testable educated guess that guides research that is generated by a more general theory is known as_____

Observation

Hypothesis

Theory

Law

Answer

Correct Answer: Hypothesis

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Extreme group design is an experimental design where_____ participants on some criterion variable are chosen and then compared on some other dependent or response variable.

Top ranked

Bottom ranked

Mid ranked

Both a and b

Answer

Correct Answer: Both a and b

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All are studied in an experimental design except_____

The framework or structure for how an experimental study will be conducted

Manipulation of control

Specifying the number of groups to be studied

All are correct

Answer

Correct Answer: Manipulation of control

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In double blind experiment the participants are kept unaware of the experimenter’s hypothesis, and the experimenter is kept aware of the participants’ group affiliation until after the dependent variable has been measured.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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The values between the discrete variables are_____

Meaningful

Somewhat meaningful

Not meaningful

Both a and b

Answer

Correct Answer: Not meaningful

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Dichotomous variable is a measurement scale where an individual measurement can fall into only _____ discrete categories.

Two

Four

Eight

Any

Answer

Correct Answer: Two

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Descriptive statistics refer to a group of techniques used to describe data in a straightforward abbreviated manner that may include the number of participants, their ages,graphs and _____

Means

Pie charts

Tables

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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Dependent variable is also called as_____

Continuous variable

Response variable

Discrete variable

Both a and b

Answer

Correct Answer: Response variable

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A measurement scale where an individual measurement can be made at any point along the range of the scale is known as_____

Confounding variable

Continuous variable

Discrete variable

Dependent variable

Answer

Correct Answer: Continuous variable

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Confounding variable is a variable that varies systematically with the dependent variable, and prevents a clear interpretation of the effect of the _____ on the dependent variable.

Continuous variable

Independent variable

Discrete variable

All of theses

Answer

Correct Answer: Independent variable

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Abuse of power means_____

The use of more participants than necessary

The use of more resources than necessary

The use of irrelevant information

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: The use of more participants than necessary

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