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Quantitative Data Analysis MCQ

A value or case that lies a great distance from the cluster of values or cases in a univariate distribution is known as a/an ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Outlier

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For the set of numbers: 4, 6, 7, 6, 2, 3, 4, 6, 2, 5 what is the mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: 4.5

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To test for spuriousness, add which of the following to a bivariate crosstabs ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Extraneous variable

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In the following distribution of the variable semesters completed, which of the following numbers is the range: 2, 3, 1, 0, 3, 3, 1, 0, 3, 2

Answer

Correct Answer: 4

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Which of the following data displays represent data not as bars, but as connected points in a single line?

Answer

Correct Answer: Frequency polygon

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The extent to which cases are spread out through the distribution or clustered in just one location is known as the distribution’s ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Variability

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Statistics that describe the distribution of and relationship among variables are known as ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Descriptive statistics

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Which of the following measures how close a regression line fits data points on a scatterplot?

Answer

Correct Answer: Pearson’s r

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A compressed frequency display could be indicated by which of the following ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Elimination of unnecessary percentages

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Typically in a cross-tabulation, the columns represent categories of the dependent variable.

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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The mean is the most appropriate measure of central tendency for normally distributed interval and ratio variables.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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If the regression coefficient is zero, there is no linear relationship between the variables under study.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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Because the mean is a weighted measure of central tendency, it is affected by the skewness of a variable’s distribution.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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A bar chart contains solid bars separated by spaces.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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Qualitative and quantitative methods are used in sequence and are given equal priority is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Research program with mixed methods

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____ statistic that measures the variability of a distribution as the average squared deviation of each case from the mean.

Answer

Correct Answer: Variance

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The extent to which cases are spread out through the distribution or clustered in just one location is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Variability

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A distribution of a variable in which there is only one value that is the most frequent is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Unimodal

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____ describing the relationship between two variables within the discrete categories of one or more other control variables.

Answer

Correct Answer: Subtables

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The mathematical likelihood that an association is due to chance, judged by a criterion set by the analyst (often that the probability is less than 5 out of 100 or p < .05) is statistical significanse

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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The square root of the average squared deviation of each case from the mean is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Standard deviation

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____ type of relationship involving three or more variables in which the association between the independent and dependent variables varies across the categories of one or more other control variables.

Answer

Correct Answer: Specification

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The extent to which cases are clustered more at one or the other end of the distribution of a quantitative variable rather than in a symmetric pattern around its center is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Skewness

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____ statistical technique for characterizing the pattern of a relationship between two quantitative variables in terms of a linear equation

Answer

Correct Answer: Regression analysis

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The true upper limit in a distribution minus the true lower limit (or the highest rounded value minus the lowest rounded value, plus one) is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Range

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The points in a distribution corresponding to the first 25% of the cases, the first 50% of the cases, and the first 75% of the cases is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Quartiles

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The most frequent value in a distribution is also termed the probability average.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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The process through which a questionnaire or other survey form is prepared so that a number represents every response choice, and respondents are instructed to indicate their response to a question by checking a number is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Precoding

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Relative frequencies, computed by dividing the frequency of cases in a particular category by the total number of cases and then multiplying by 100 is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Percentages

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____ An exceptionally high or low value in a distribution.

Answer

Correct Answer: Outlier

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Normal distribution is A symmetric, bell-shaped distribution that results from chance variation around a central value.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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____ A pattern of association in which the value of cases on one variable increases or decreases fairly regularly across the categories of another variable.

Answer

Correct Answer: Monotonic

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The most frequent value in a distribution; also termed the probability average is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Mode

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The quantitative analysis of findings from multiple studies is meta analysis

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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The position average, or the point that divides a distribution in half (the 50th percentile) is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Median

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A type of descriptive statistic that summarizes the strength of an association is measure of association

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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___ is the arithmetic, or weighted, average, computed by adding the value of all the cases and dividing by the total number of cases.

Answer

Correct Answer: Mean

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The summary distributions in the margins of a cross-tabulation that correspond to the frequency distribution of the row variable and of the column variable is marginal distribution

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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The summary distributions in the margins of a cross-tabulation that correspond to the frequency distribution of the row variable and of the column variable is interquartile range

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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____ graphic for quantitative variables in which the variable’s distribution is displayed with adjacent bars.

Answer

Correct Answer: Histogram

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A measure of association that is sometimes used in cross-tabular analysis is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Gamma

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___ polygon is a graphic for quantitative variables in which a continuous line connects data points representing the variable’s distribution.

Answer

Correct Answer: Frequency

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A numerical display showing the number of cases, and usually the percentage of cases (the relative frequencies), corresponding to each value or group of values of a variable is ____ distribution

Answer

Correct Answer: Frequency

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The process of introducing a third variable into an analysis to better understand—to elaborate—the bivariate (two variable) relationship under consideration Is elaboration analysis

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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A standardized measure of association—often the difference between the mean of the experimental group and the mean of the control group on the dependent variable, adjusted for the average variability in the two groups is effect size

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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Statistics used to describe the distribution of and relationship between _______ Is called Descriptive statistics.

Answer

Correct Answer: Variables

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The process of typing (word processing) or otherwise transferring data on surveys or other instruments into a computer file is called data

Answer

Correct Answer: Entry

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The process of checking data for errors after the data has been entered in a computer file is called data __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Cleaning

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Any pattern of association between two quantitative variables that does not involve a regular increase or decrease is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Curvilinear

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A summary statistic that varies from 0 to 1 or −1, with 0 indicating the absence of a linear relationship between two quantitative variables and 1 or −1 indicating that the relationship is completely described by the line representing the regression of the dependent variable on the independent variable is called _____________ coefficient

Answer

Correct Answer: Co-relational

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Correlational analysis explains A statistical technique that summarizes the strength of a relationship between _______ quantitative variables in terms of its adherence to a linear pattern.

Answer

Correct Answer: Two

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In the simplest case, a bivariate (two-variable) distribution, showing the distribution of one variable for each category of another variable; can be elaborated using_______ or more variables is called Cross-tabulation.

Answer

Correct Answer: Three

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Compressed frequency display explains a table that presents cross-classification data efficiently by eliminating unnecessary percentages, such as the percentage corresponding to the second value of a dichotomous variable.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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Combined frequency display explains A table that presents together the distributions for a set of conceptually similar variables having the same response categories; common headings are used for the responses.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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The process of assigning a unique numerical code to each response to survey questions is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Coding

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Chi-square describes an inferential statistic used to test hypotheses about relationships between _____ or more variables in a cross-tabulation.

Answer

Correct Answer: Two

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The most common value (for variables measured at the nominal level) or the value around which cases tend to center (for a quantitative variable) is called central tendency

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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A distribution that has two nonadjacent categories with about the same number of cases, and these categories have more cases than any others is called

Answer

Correct Answer: Bimodal

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The total number of cases in a distribution is called ______ number.

Answer

Correct Answer: Base

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A graphic for ________variables in which the variable’s distribution is displayed with solid bars separated by spaces.

Answer

Correct Answer: Qualitative

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