Process and Problems of Criminological Research MCQ
Process and Problems of Criminological Research MCQ
1. Is variable characteristics or properties that can vary (take on different values or attributes)?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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2. _____ is known as a logically interrelated set of propositions about empirical reality. Examples of criminological theories include social learning, routine activities, labeling, general strain, and social disorganization theory.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Theory
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3. _____ is defined as parts of a theory that describe what is important to look at to understand, explain, predict, and “do something about” the subject.
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Correct Answer:
Theoretical constructs
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4. _____ is unexpected patterns in data, which stimulate new ideas or theoretical approaches.
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5. Is sample generalizability exists when a conclusion based on a sample or subset of a larger population holds true for that population?
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Correct Answer:
True
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6. _____ is known as a question about some aspect of crime, criminals, or the criminal justice system, the answer to which is sought through collection and analysis of firsthand, verifiable, empirical data.
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Correct Answer:
Research question
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7. _____ is defined as a diagram of the elements of the research process, including theories, hypotheses, data collection, and data analysis.
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Correct Answer:
Research circle
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8. _____ is the ability of an entire study or experiment to be duplicated.
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Correct Answer:
Replication
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9. Is refereed journals journals that select research papers for publication based on the peer reviews of other social scientists?
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Correct Answer:
True
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10. _____ is known as the independent and dependent variables move in the same direction; as one increases, the other increases.
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Correct Answer:
Positive relationship
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11. _____ is defined as the independent and dependent variables move in opposite directions; as one increases, the other decreases.
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Correct Answer:
Negative relationship
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12. _____ is the type of validity that is achieved when a measure measures what it is presumed to measure.
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Correct Answer:
Measurement validity
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13. Is inductive research the type of research in which specific data are used to develop (induce) a general explanation?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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14. _____ is known as the type of reasoning that moves from the specific to the general.
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Correct Answer:
Inductive reasoning
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15. _____ is defined as a variable that is hypothesized to cause or lead to variation in another variable.
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Correct Answer:
Independent variable
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16. _____ is a tentative statement about empirical reality involving the relationship between two or more variables.
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Correct Answer:
Hypothesis
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17. Is generalizability the type of validity that is achieved when a conclusion holds true for the population, group, or groups that we say it does, given the conditions that we specify?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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18. _____ is known as when a theory can be tested and falsified or otherwise not supported by empirical evidence.
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Correct Answer:
Falsifiable
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19. _____ is defined as exists when findings about one group, population, or setting hold true for other groups, populations, or settings.
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20. _____ is statements that describe patterns found in data.
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Correct Answer:
Empirical generalizations
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21. Is direction of association when the values of variables tend to change consistently in relation to change in the other variable. Direction of association can be either positive or negative?
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Correct Answer:
True
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22. _____ is known as a variable that is hypothesized to change or vary depending on the variation in another variable.
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Correct Answer:
Dependent variable
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23. _____ is defined as the type of research in which a specific expectation is deduced from a general premise and is then tested.
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Correct Answer:
Deductive research
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24. _____ is the type of reasoning that moves from the general to the specific.
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Correct Answer:
Deductive reasoning
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25. Is cross‑population generalizability (external validity) exists when findings about one group, population, or setting hold true for other groups, populations, or settings?
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Correct Answer:
True
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26. _____ is known as a number that has a fixed value in a given situation; a characteristic or value that does not change.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Constant
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27. _____ is defined as the type of validity that is achieved when a conclusion that one phenomenon leads to or results in another phenomenon—or doesn’t lead to or result in another—is correct.
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28. _____ is when the understanding of a social process or social setting is one that reflects fairly the various perspectives of participants in that setting.
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Correct Answer:
Authenticity
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29. Is anomalous findings (serendipitous findings) unexpected patterns in data, which stimulate new ideas or theoretical approaches?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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30. Internal validity is the type of validity that is achieved when a conclusion holds true for the population, group, or groups that we say it does, given the specified conditions.
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Correct Answer:
False
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31. The independent variable is often referred to as the outcome variable.
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Correct Answer:
False
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32. The variable that is hypothesized to cause, or lead to, variation in another variable is referred to as the independent variable.
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Correct Answer:
True
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33. A constant refers to a characteristic or property that can vary.
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Correct Answer:
False
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34. Researchers often test a hypothesis versus the complete theory itself.
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Correct Answer:
True
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35. Unexpected patterns in the data that are collected are referred to as serendipitous findings.
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Correct Answer:
True
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36. Inductive reasoning is the type of reasoning that moves from the general to the specific.
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Correct Answer:
False
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37. Deductive reasoning is the type of reasoning that moves from the specific to the general.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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38. Theoretical constructs describe what is important to look at to understand, explain, predict, and “do something about” crime.
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Correct Answer:
True
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39. Theories must be falsifiable.
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Correct Answer:
True
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40. Laws represent logically interrelated set of propositions about empirical reality.
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Correct Answer:
False
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41. Search terms help you identify appropriate literature when performing a literature review.
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Correct Answer:
True
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42. SOCINFO is an example of a bibliographic database appropriate for social science research.
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Correct Answer:
False
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43. Newspaper and magazine articles are examples of refereed, peer-reviewed research.
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Correct Answer:
False
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44. Replication is the ability of a study to be reproduced.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Criminology And Criminal Justice (Research) MCQs | Topic-wise