Aging MCQ Questions Answers

1. One significant method for assessing body fat distribution is measurement of ______ circumference.

2. The bod pod device is used in the ________ method of assessing body composition.

3. Gardner and his associates are known for proposing the ________.

4. Practical intelligence is supported by _____.

5. With regard to elections and public policy debates, the elderly tend _____.

6. Thinking that occurs without deliberate, conscious thought is ______ processing.

7. The average life expectancy for men is ______ years, for women ______ years.

8. Levinson sees the twenties as a(n) _____ phase of adult development.

9. Friendships reach their peak of functional significance during _____.

10. A(n) _____ refers to a legal document that reflects the patient's advance care planning.

11. _____ pay structures have few pay levels and small differences in pay between levels.

12. _____ is a buildup of fluid within the eye.

13. Eventually, about _____ of older adults will be frail before they die.

14. Exercise is something that should be __________.

15. Calorie restriction may _____.

16. The idea that by making products accessible for people with _____, the same products can become easier to use for the whole population is called universal design.

17. Optimal aging, which is superior to usual aging because of a combination of good health, strong social connections, and a sense of purpose in life; or “decrement with compensation,” meaning acknowledgment of losses combined with realistic interventions to adapt is called

18. Period effects describes an events or issues affecting all age groups in ____ at the same time

19. Cohort effects explains the e vents affecting groups of people during the _____ years

20. Baby Boom Generation describes that Americans born between 1946 and _____

21. Effects brought about by the physiological process of aging, along with social responses by others to those effects is called

22. The potential for retraining and learning new skills is called

23. Mandatory retirement describes a practice in which people are forced to retire from work at a fixed, uniform age

24. The excess of Social Security payroll taxes collected over the amount paid out, including excess funds accumulated from prior years is called Social security surplus

25. The proportion of preretirement ______ that Social Security pays beneficiaries is called replacement rate

26. A tax for which the burden is proportionately greater for the poor than for the rich; the opposite of a progressive tax is called

27. Pay-as-you-go system is an approach to paying for Social Security in which workers today contribute money used to pay benefits for those now retired; that is, current workers pay current expenses, rather than saving up for future benefits

28. A pension system, public or private, in which future retirement benefits owed are paid out of money saved up in advance is called

29. Equity describes that it applied to Social Security, a fair return to beneficiaries depending on how much they ______ to the system

30. A ________ plan that would divide the total earnings of a married couple between the Social Security accounts of both spouses is called earning share

31. An approach designed to eliminate some benefit for those who are wealthy or above a specific income level is called

32. As applied to Social Security, the principle of maintaining a decent minimum income for everyone regardless of how much an individual contributed is called

33. Supplemental security income (SSI) explains the federal benefit program that provides at least a minimum income level to low-income people who are aged, blind, or disabled

34. The position of people within a system of stratification of social class, reflecting inequality of wealth, power, and prestige is called socioeconomic status

35. Naturally occurring retirement communities (NORCs) describes the buildings or neighborhoods that have evolved over time so that more than half their residents are over retirement age

36. A requirement that a person must fall below a certain level of income or assets to qualify for a government benefit program is called

37. A numerical measure of the economic burden on the working population caused by those not in the labor force is called dependency _______.

38. The tendency of negative life events to have an enduring and multiplying impact over the life course is called cumulative disadvantage

39. The principle that recipients of services provided should contribute part of the cost of those services is called

40. An intergenerational residential arrangement in which planned communities offer self-sufficient _______ units tied to shared common spaces is called cohousing

41. Endowing an employee with eligibility for a pension, usually after some set period of time on the job is called vesting

42. A situation that occurs when an older person is simultaneously a member of two (or more) disadvantaged groups is called

43. A contract in which a bank guarantees a _______ income to a homeowner for the remainder of life and then claims ownership of the home upon the owner’s death or makes the heirs pay off the lien is called reverse mortgage.

44. Need base benefits describes the services, such as home health care, provided to people according to some assessment of their individual requirements rather than according to age or some other categorical basis

45. The federal government program that pays for acute health care for ______people is called medicare.

46. Life cycle model of savings explain the ________ theoretical approach that predicts people will save more in later middle age, as they see retirement ahead

47. The idea that differing cohorts should be treated similarly with respect to benefits over the life course is called

48. Employee retirement income security act (ERISA) passed in _______ that regulates private pension plans in the United States and provides protection against loss of benefits to retired workers

49. A situation that occurs when an older person is simultaneously a member of two (or more) disadvantaged groups is called

50. A retirement plan in which pension income varies according to how much employer, employee, or both contribute to the plan and according to how successfully the funds are invested is called

51. A retirement program that promises a specific level of pension income in return for a certain number of years of service to a company is called

52. Crossover phenomenon describes the fact that life expectancy for Blacks was lower than for Whites until the late ______ when the pattern was reversed; Black life expectancy now exceeds that of Whites.

53. A retirement plan in which the employer makes annual contributions to an account in the employee’s name, where the money increases at a guaranteed rate of return is called cash balance plan

54. An investment vehicle permitting a lump sum of money to be paid out annually to projected life expectancy at a given age is called annuity

55. The national array of service programs helping older Americans, ranging from senior citizen centers and Area Agencies on Aging to programs offered by the federal government is called

56. Aging interest group describes the _________ or other organizations that seek to influence government policies on behalf of older adults

57. An individual pension plan that permits individuals to set aside a portion of income on a tax-deferred basis is called

58. Substituted _______ is the act of making health care decisions for an incapacitated other person based on an effort to determine what that person would want under the circumstances at hand

59. Living will explains an individual’s written statement specifying or limiting their ________ treatment in a situation without hope of recovery

60. Durable power of attor­ney for health care desribes an legal instrument that permits an incapacitated person to designate, in advance, another person who is trusted to make health care decisions for the patient

61. A psychiatric diagnosis involving symptoms such as loss of appetite, sleep disturbances, and deep _______ is called clinical depression

62. Best interest describes the basis for making health care decisions for another person depending on what is thought will produce the most benefit for that person

63. A legal document authorizing decisions to be made, typically involving withholding life saving medical treatment, should circumstances arise in which a person has lost the capacity to make those decisions is called

64. A______ requirement that professionals observing signs of possible elder abuse must report such cases to authorities is called mandatory reporting.

65. A person’s attitude of approval toward ______and present life as a whole is called life satisfaction

66. Legal responsibility for another person’s welfare is called

67. Adult protective services describes the local government agency that investigates allegations of elder abuse and intervenes when necessary to protect adults from harm

68. "World-we-have-lost" myth explains the view that family life has ________in contrast to its state in a golden age of preindustrial society, when the extended family (presumably) lived under one roof

69. Woodwork effect describes that refers to the assumption that there is latent demand for long-term-care services that would not otherwise be provided or that families might have provided

70. A legal requirement that a spouse pay for the medical or long-term care expenses of a ________partner is called spousal responsibility

71. Those people, usually women, who have obligations to care for children as well as older parents or in-laws is called

72. Temporary care for dependent older people to allow the caregiver some time off is called respite care

73. The minimally sized family structure needed for reproducing one generation from another: that is, mother, father, and children is called

74. Medicaid spend down describes the requirement that people divest themselves of assets down to a minimal level in order to qualify for Medicaid coverage of nursing home care

75. A ______ and state program that pays for health care expenses of people who fall below the poverty line is called medicaid

76. A description of the way many multigenerational families remain in close social contact even though family members are separated geographically is called intimacy at a distance

77. The obligation of adult children to provide care for aged parents is called

78. The complete range of relatives, including grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins, as opposed to nuclear family, which consists of just parents and children is called

79. Exchange theory of aging explains the idea that interaction in social groups is based on the reciprocal balancing of rewards depending on actions performed

80. Elder law is a field of legal practice focused on family decision making around estate planning, medical decision making, and other ______ issues that have specific import for older adults

81. The number of years of life remaining according to some measure of the quality of life of those years is called Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs)

82. A health service approach that combines insurance, care providers, and facilities within a single system designed to reduce costs is called

83. Cost-effectiveness analysis explains the Comparison of alternative treatment outcomes to find out which treatment is the least expensive

84. Which benefit analysis explain the examination of treatment costs in relation to the benefits created if a patient lives—for instance, greater productivity?

85. Reimbursement of health care services on a per-head basis rather than a per-service basis is called

86. Shared housing describes an alternative ______ arrangement involving group residence with shared common areas or renting of unused rooms

87. Section 202 and section ___ housing programs describes the Federal programs providing subsidies for housing older adults

88. A form of prospective pricing in which it is determined in advance what reimbursement level is paid to a provider of health service for treating Medicare patients is called prospective payment system

89. Out-of-pocket medical expenses describes a Costs of health care paid by the individual and not reimbursed or covered by ______

90. The underlying time-dependent biological process of aging in each species, which may involve functional loss or susceptibility to disease but is not in itself a disease is called

91. An examination of an older adult’s, ________ mental, and social condition, including the ability to perform activities of daily living is called multidimensional functional assessment

92. Sickness or physical illness of some kind is called

93. An insurance policy that covers the difference between what Medicare pays for a service and what is actually charged for it is called medigap insurance

94. The medical specialty treating the diseases of _____ age is called geriatrics

95. The use of mathematical methods to study the distribution of disease in human populations is called

96. Small group homes that provide mainly custodial care for older people who do not need the intensive support of a nursing home is called Domiciliary care facilities and board-and-care homes

97. Distinct categories of diseases that are the basis for Medicare’s financial reimbursements to ______ is called diagnosis related groups

98. A range of care options that are responsive to changing individual needs, from less intense to more intense, at home or in an institution is called continuum of care

99. A type of residential facility that offers a combination of housing and health or supportive services to residents is called Continuing-care retirement community (CCRC)

100. A residential arrangement in which ______, housekeeping, and supportive services are provided is called congregate housing