Which of the following social problems contributes to crime as understood by proponents of strain theory?
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Correct Answer:
Economic inequality
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Which of the following social problems contributes to crime as understood by the classical school of theory?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Problems with the Criminal Justice System
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Merton coined ______, which explains the relationship between stress and strain that an individual feels in society while they are not able to follow norms in an effort to succeed.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Strain theory
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______ argues that larger-scale social-structural (macro) factors, rather than individual-level (micro) propensities, have the most impact on crime.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Disorganization theory
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When a person thinks about the consequences of robbing a bank or the need to pay bills, they are engaging in the ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hedonistic calculus
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______ is the study of crime and its underlying causes.
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Correct Answer:
Criminology
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Crimes committed by high-status individuals such as embezzlement and tax fraud are called ______.
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Correct Answer:
White-collar crimes
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______ is a perspective that examines how social structures constrain opportunities for the individuals within.
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Correct Answer:
Critical Theory
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A ______ does not show up in official crime statistics and is used to convince people there is a social problem worth addressing.
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Correct Answer:
Dark figure of crime
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______ are unconscious and can impact our behavior.
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Correct Answer:
Implicit bias
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Thinking that people put razor blades in children’s candy, even though there has never been a case of this happening, is an example of the ______.
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Correct Answer:
Thomas Theorem
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A ______ is defined as a formalized, or codified, behavior.
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Correct Answer:
Crime
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Incest is an example of a ______.
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Correct Answer:
Taboo
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Norms that rule our moral and ethical behaviors are known as ______.
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Correct Answer:
Mores
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Informal rules, such as standing too close to someone while they are talking, is known as a ______.
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Correct Answer:
Folkway
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Crimes committed by high-status individuals in the course of their occupations, including crimes such as corporate misrepresentation on statements, manipulating the stock exchange, embezzling, tax fraud, workplace violations, and environmental pollution is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
White-collar crimes
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Uniform Crime Report (UCR) is Yearly FBI report that contains data from reports to the FBI from police departments around the country; provides the most widely used information on crime in the United States
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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The idea that if people think there is an issue (e.g., razor blades in the candy) they will act as if it is true (e.g., X-ray kid’s candy before they can eat it or, worse, throw it out!) even when no razor blades are there to be found is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thomas theorem
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The most serious of all rules; breaking one of these could result in expulsion from society is called taboos
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Strret crimes also known as ________, the eight crimes the FBI considers most serious: four violent crimes (homicide, rape, aggravated assault, and robbery) and four property crimes (burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, and arson)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Part I crimes
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A theory used to argue that crime stems from wealth and income inequality. It argues that crime in the United States results from an economic system that stresses the American Dream is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Strain theory
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A theory used to argue that larger-scale social structural (macro) factors, rather than individual-level (micro) propensities, have the most impact on crime is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Social disorganization theory
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Twenty-one crimes the FBI collects in addition to Part I crimes, including fraud, embezzlement, vagrancy, and drunkenness is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Part II crimes
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________ is also known as street crimes, the eight crimes the FBI considers most serious: four violent crimes (homicide, rape, aggravated assault, and robbery) and four property crimes (burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, and arson)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Part I crimes
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National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is an annual survey of a random selection of U.S. households by the Department of Justice asking people to indicate if they have been the victims of crimes
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Norms that rule our moral and ethical _________, the violation of which tends to result in harsh negative sanctions is called Mores
Answer
Correct Answer:
Behaviors
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Implicit bias is unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect our thoughts and actions; because they are unconscious, we can be unaware of their impact on our _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Behaviors
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Hedonistic calculus is term used by classical theorists to describe how people weigh the potential costs and benefits of committing crime
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_______ the violation of which tends to result in mild sanctions (e.g., someone may glare at you) is called Folkway
Answer
Correct Answer:
Informal rules
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________ acts that do not show up in official crime statistics is called Dark figure of crime
Answer
Correct Answer:
Unreported criminal
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A theoretical perspective that examines how social structures constrain opportunities for the individuals within. Its purpose is to problematize these structures to achieve equality for all humans is called
Answer
Correct Answer:
Critical theory
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The study of crime and its underlying causes ia known as
Answer
Correct Answer:
Criminology
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“An intentional act in violation of the criminal law committed without defense or excuse, and penalized by the state” (Tappan 1947) is called
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Correct Answer:
Crime
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A theory that considers crime a rational decision based on the potential costs and benefits is called
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Correct Answer:
Classical theory
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