Extreme high pressure causes an _____ to occur in which temperatures increase with height.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mesosphere
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Wind erosion can cause __________, which can create shallow depressions called __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deflation; blowouts
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A ________ transforms a bay into a lagoon.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Baymouth bar
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Deep ocean trenches are the surface manifestations of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sinking of oceanic lithosphere into the mantle at a subduction zone
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Crevasses (deep fractures or cracks) form because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
As the glacier moves over irregular topography, cracks can form anywhere in the glacier but they are called
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The distinction between joints and faults is that ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Faults are fractures along which displacement has occurred; displacement does not occur along joints
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In urban areas, an increase in impervious surfaces will cause ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An increase in runoff
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In the winter, when water use is low, precipitation ________ evapotranspiration
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exceeds
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In terms of topography, the deepest soils are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
On flat land
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Possibly the most cataclysmic event to occur in nature is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Supernova.
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The deep- and intermediate waters in the __________ ocean are the oldest in the world ocean.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Atlantic
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The best modern technique for obtaining high resolution bathymetry of the seafloor is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Multibeam bathymetry
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It is thought that submarine canyons on the continental slope have been generated by ________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Turbidity currents
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The columbia river plateau is an example of a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Flood basalt
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Pink quartz and smoky quartz are different colors. they will both have the same _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Color streak.
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The famous destruction of the roman city of pompeii was produced by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A pyroclastic eruption from a composite volcano that buried the city in ash and smothered the people living there
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The energy behind the 1902 pyroclastic flow that destroyed st. pierre came from _________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these choices are correct
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The energy exchanges between space, the atmosphere, and earths surface produce _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Weather and climate.
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Jet streams play a major role in the global transfer of heat by directing ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cold air equatorward
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In the tropical wet climate, precipitation is mainly ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Convective
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Orcas (killer whales) were determined to be ________________ of the otters.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Symbionts
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One trigger of mass movements is the pores in sediments filling with _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water
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Permeable rock or sediment between the water table and the land surface represents a(n) ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Unsaturated zone
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The evolution of the eohippus into the modern day horse is an example of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Character change
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In the formation of igneous rocks, large crystal size is closely related to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Slow cooling
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The colorado river has carved the grand canyon to a depth of __________ and length of __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
1 mile; 277 miles
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In the 1906 san francisco earthquake, much of the damage was due to fires because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water lines were badly damage so that firemen could not put out the fires
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The dominant type of faulting in the great basin region is ______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Normal faulting
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In terms of underground water, ________ is the most effective shaper of landforms.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Solution
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In order for an embayment to qualify as an estuary, it must have both _____ and _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dilution; some degree of isolation
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In the df and dw climates, winter precipitation mainly originates from ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Midlatitude cyclones
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In mountainous areas of western north america, north-facing slopes would be expected to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Support biological communities similar to those found at higher elevations on similar south-facing slopes
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Placer deposits form when _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heavy eroded particles settle out of moving water hot,
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Plants consume water during photosynthesis. they also release it to the atmosphere during ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transpiration
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The black hills of south dakota are a good example of a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dome.
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Inselbergs are associated with ________ landscapes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Loess
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The average number of storm-related deaths attributed to flooding from 1985 to 2014 was ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
83
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Relative to the celestial background, the moon moves ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
West to east
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Polar climates normally get ____________ amounts of precipitation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Little to medium
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The experimentation step of scientific inquiry involves _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Analysis
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The downdraft in an ordinary cell thunderstorm is created mainly by ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evaporating raindrops that make the air cold and heavy.
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The deepest drill core into the earth's crust is approximately ________ kilometers deep.
Answer
Correct Answer:
12
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P waves bend while traveling through earths core and then arrive at the shadow zone _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Several minutes later than expected
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Overland flow can concentrate in small grooves called ________, which can enlarge to form ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rills; gullies
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One potential source of groundwater contamination would be ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
leaking septic tank.
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Precipitation of water on the land surface leads directly to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
None of these
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Peridotite that undergoes partial melting will create a melt enriched in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Iron, magnesium, feldspars, and silica
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The blanket of sediment on the sea floor is ___________ toward the ocean margins.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Very thin at the volcanic ridges and thickens
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The best time for an earthquake to occur to minimize loss of life is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
During the night when most people are home and asleep
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The difference between swamps and marshes is mainly one of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trees versus grassland
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The eon represented by abundant deposits of strata with shelly fossils is the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phanerozoic.
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The dense atmosphere of venus is ________, causing most incoming solar radiation to be _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Light in color; reflected
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Prairie soils (mollisols) are _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Poor in organic matter
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The land area situated between the cool zone and the warm zone is termed the ____________ zone.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transition zone
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When a beta particle is emitted during radioactive decay, the atomic number of the isotope _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases by 1
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Velocity and turbulence are _____ at the __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Greatest; outside of a meander
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The nuclear accident at chernobyl was _______ than the accident at three mile island.
Answer
Correct Answer:
More devastating
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The newest bonanza for recycling scarce and toxic metals is to recover them from ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
E-wastes
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The main component of the lower atmosphere by total volume is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nitrogen
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The _______ experiences a temperature _____ primarily due to the absorption of ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thermosphere; increase; gamma rays and X-rays
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Symmetric ripples form when ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water deposits sediment in layers, but the direction of flow periodically changes
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Slow and steady movement on a fault that does not generate earthquakes is termed ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Creep
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San francisco bay is a __________ estuary.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tectonic
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Researchers found _______________ decline in otter populations that were living in sheltered bays.
Answer
Correct Answer:
19
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If a stream carries water only during and immediately after a rain, it is classified as ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ephemeral
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Bifacially flaked tools characterize the _______ stone tool industry.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Acheulian
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Areas with heavy freshwater runoff and low evaporation will have ________ average salinity.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lower than
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An individual's _____ provides an example of developmental continuity.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Personality
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A hoodoo with a cap rock of sandstone and shale below is an example of __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Differential weathering
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____________ was a famous japanese painter, known for his virtuosity in landscape images.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hokusai
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________ is a vesicular rock with an andesitic or rhyolitic composition.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pumice
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A drowned river valley is also known as a ________ coast.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Estuary
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A __________is a tentative, testable statement about the general nature of the phenomena observed.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hypothesis
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A floodplain forms where a stream _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Side to side
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A fast-moving flow consisting of a mixture of water and volcaniclastic debris is termed a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lahar
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A downwarped structure with a circular shape is a _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Basin
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A dam constructed to produce tidal power does so by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Harnessing water flow to drive turbines and electric generators
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A crustal block which is down thrown with a steep fault scarp on either side is a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Graben
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A ________ volcano is a very large, gently sloping mound composed mainly of basaltic lava flows.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shield
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A ________ is an intrusive, igneous rock body that is tabular and concordant.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sill
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A ________ is a submarine volcano.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Seamount
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A ______ is a volcano constructed of pyroclastic fragments ejected from a central vent.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cinder cone
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_____________ is primarily made up of basalt whereas __________ is primarily made up of granite.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Oceanic crust;continental crust
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___________ is igneous activity that occurs __________ plate margins.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intraplate volcanism; away from
Note: This Question is unanswered, help us to find answer for this one
__________ eruptions are the most violent types of explosive eruptions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plinian-type
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__________ destroyed the city of st. pierre, martinique in 1902.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A pyroclastic flow
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________ reacts readily with acids such as hydrochloric.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Calcite
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________ is the dominant lava erupted from volcanoes on hawaii and iceland.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Basalt
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_____ is a coarse-grained sedimentary rock formed by the cementation of rounded gravel.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conglomerate
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________ is the type of remote sensing imagery best suited to use at night.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thermal infrared
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A __________ is another name for winds that blow in an onshore direction during the day.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sea breeze
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A __________ is a vertical cylinder of rotating air that ranges from 310 km in diameter.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mesocyclone
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A hurricane has a maximum sustained surface wind speed of ______ km (74 mi) per hour or higher.
Answer
Correct Answer:
119
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A fully-developed "wave cyclone" is seen ____ hours from its inception.
Answer
Correct Answer:
12 - 24
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Air within the soil is usually highly saturated and rich in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carbon dioxide
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A cool region underneath cloud cover will have _____ a region with no cloud cover.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A higher pressure than That's
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______________ can be used to date fossils in rocks to give an approximate age.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Radiocarbon dating
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________ solar system bodies are more likely to lose their atmospheres.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Small, warm
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________ is the science of taking reliable measurements from aerial photographs.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Photogrammetry
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________ involves movement on a zone of compressed air.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A rock avalanche
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________ is an eruption in which lava is extruded from narrow fractures in the crust.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fissure eruption
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________ is a dark, fine-grained extrusive rock.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Basalt
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Appearance of cirrus clouds indicates ______ air advection aloft.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warm
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Any winds, like the jet stream, occur because of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Differences in temperature
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Igneous rocks with an andesitic composition ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are denser than granitic compositional rocks
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If basaltic lava reaches the sea or a lake, it cools rapidly into ____________ lava.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pillow
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If all the particles in a detrital sedimentary rock are nearly the same size, it is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Very well-sorted
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Iceland rises above the atlantic ocean as a result of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A submarine hot spot located along a mid-ocean ridge
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Hydrolysis, oxidation, and hydration are all examples of ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chemical weathering
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Basaltic lavas ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Do not flow as far from the vent as basaltic lavas do
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Barrier islands make ________ sites for real estate development because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Poor; they can be unstable, mobile, and overrun by storm surges.
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As compared to coarse-grained igneous rocks, fine-grained igneous rocks ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cool and solidify more quickly
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As an air mass rises, it generally experiences ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A decrease in temperature because of adiabatic cooling
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As a result of partial melting, magma originates in __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The mantle and crust
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Areas of geyser activity include _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these are correct
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Impermeable layers such as clay that hinder or prevent water movement are called ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aquitards
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Highly impermeable layers such as compacted clay or shale are known as ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
BE. aquitard
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Aquatic nitrate pollution can result in _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Algal bloom
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Any place where groundwater naturally flows out of earths surface is termed a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Spring
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Analysis of stable carbon isotopes in ________ can provide information on ancient diet.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bones and teeth
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Alluvial fans occur where a _____ exits the _____ and enters the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stream, mountains, basin
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A strength of _______ is that it reflects participants' everyday behavior.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Naturalistic observation
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Thermoclines in the ocean are best developed at ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lower latitudes
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The urban heat island effect is caused by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heat-generating buildings and dark, heat-absorbing surfaces
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The peeling of thin layers of stone off a large rock is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exfoliation.
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The painting last judgment in the sistine chapel includes a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self portrait of michelangelo as st Barthilomews flayed skin
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Windblown silt that blankets a landscape is called _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Loess
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The warmest air can be found in the ________ air mass.
Answer
Correct Answer:
CT
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Winds blow in curved loops because of earth's _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rotation
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When waves grow so tall that they topple over, they form ocean breakers called _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Whitecaps
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When high-density seawater is added to low-density freshwater, ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The denser seawater sinks below the freshwater
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Warm core rings and cold core rings are associated with __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Western boundary currents
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Trenches are typically associated with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transform continental margins
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There is no pycnocline in _______ latitude regions because _____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
High;the water column is uniformly cold and dense
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The subtropical gyres ___.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Play a large role in climate
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The largest of the great ocean surface currents is the __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
West Wind Drift
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Ocean currents that move toward the poles are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warm
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Non-astronomical factors affecting ocean tides include __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above are correct
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Most of our table salt comes from ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Salt obtained by evaporating seawater in dry climates
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Within the sea floor, the rate of geothermal heat flow is greatest ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Along mid-ocean ridges
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Within a single mountain range, ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
It is possible to find a variety of metamorphic rocks produced in distinct high, low, and intermediate grade rocks
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Whenever there is an active well, the water table will be drawn downward to a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cone of depression
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When magma crystallizes, ________ are formed.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intrusive igneous rocks
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When a solution becomes oversaturated, new solid particles are said to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Precipitate from the solution
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Visible quartz and potassium feldspar grains are the main constituents in a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Granite
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Under most of the earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bedrock
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Two major sources of energy, coal and oil shale, are considered ________ sedimentary rocks.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Organic
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The weathering of rocks in zion and bryce canyons takes place by ___.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chemical and physical weathering
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The viscosity of magma is lowered by __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the choices are correct
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The toba eruption 74,000 years ago may have __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Caused a great reduction in the worldwide human population
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The sinking of cold ocean lithosphere drives the motions of mantle convection through _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plate motion mechanisms
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The sierra nevada, california, and teton, wyoming, ranges are examples of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fault blocks uplifted by late Tertiary to Quaternary normal faulting
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The sedimentary rocks breccia and conglomerate most commonly form in a ________ environment.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mountain stream
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The ring of fire is a narrow zone of composite cone volcanoes rimming the ________ ocean.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pacific
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The presence of ____ in _____ indicates low-grade metamorphism.
Answer
Correct Answer:
chlorite; slate
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The most obvious evidence of a plate boundary where two plates move apart is(are) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Upwelling of hot material from the mantle
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The most famous and outspoken of the early proponents of continental drift was ______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plato
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The mixture of water and rubble that flows from the slope of a volcano is a _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lahar
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The melting point of a mineral generally _____ with increasing pressure (or depth).
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases.
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The location of most volcanoes closely correlates with __________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plate boundaries
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The largest layer (by volume) of earth, ____, is composed primarily of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The mantle; peridotite
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The greatest danger from pyroclastic flows is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Not significant because they move so slowly they can be avoided.
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The ________ ocean basin is rimmed by the most subduction zones.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pacific
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Spreading centers are an ideal location for volcanism because ______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these choices are correct
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Slaty cleavage, schistosity, and compositional banding are all examples of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Foliation
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Shield volcanoes have ___ bases and ___ inclined slopes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Broad; gently
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Saltation of sand involves ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Grains traveling short distances (approximately 1 m) in the air
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Reverse faults form in response to ______ forces.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Compressive
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Oceanic lithosphere thickens away from the mid-ocean ridge primarily due to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The addition of new crust due to sedimentation
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Ocean-ocean convergence produces _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mainly volcanic mountains
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Normal faults are the result of rocks being subjected to ________ stress.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tensional stress.
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New york and london are on two separate plates so the distance between the cities is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stationary
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Minerals are grouped into mineral classes primarily on a basis of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chemistry, specifically the anions within the chemical formula
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Metamorphism, in broadest terms, involves ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Changes in mineralogy and texture in response to heat and stress
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Metamorphism may result from ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gneiss
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Mesa-and-scarp topography is most closely associated with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Erosion.
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Water vapor levels in earth's atmosphere ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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Vertical mixing and turbulence are most characteristic of the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Troposphere
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Tornadoes are ranked in terms of wind speed and related property damage using the ________ scale.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Enhance fujita
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To the greeks, their land fell within the ________ zone in their early classification of climate.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Temperate
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The western u.s. climate is different from the western european climate because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Western U.S. has mountains near the coast and Europe does not
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The tropical western pacific ocean regions experience ____ during strong enso events.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lower sea levels
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The skies in the dallol region are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clear
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The radiative balance between incoming and outgoing energy is moderated by the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Climate
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The polar front jet stream blows ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Directly from west to east
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The midlatitude westerlies blow out of the ______ flank of the subtropical anticyclones.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Poleward
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The majority of the united states lies within a(n) ____ wind belt.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Westerly
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The kppen system of climatic classification ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Temperature and precipitation
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The kppen classification system for climate is widely used because _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
It uses easily obtained data, and the system is relatively unambiguous.
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The intensity of tropical cyclones is measured by meteorologists using the __________ scale.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Saffir-Simpson
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The hottest places on earth are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Associated with a lack of clouds
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Summertime weather in northern california often consists of low clouds and fog due to ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cold coastal water
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Two animals are considered members of different species if they _____. see concept 24.1 (page 505)
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cannot mate and produce viable, fertile offspring.
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The soil-forming factor which is said to make soil more than "just dirt" is the ________ factor.
Answer
Correct Answer:
BIOLOGICAL
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Worldwide, the largest percentage of freshwater readily available to humans is stored in _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pore spaces between rocks and sediments
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When rocks are ________, several adjacent layers were deposited without interruption.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conformable.
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When reading a seismograph, _____ waves come first, then _____ waves, and, finally, _____ waves.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Seismographs
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Well-sorted sediments typically have ____________ porosity compared to poorly sorted sediments.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Greater
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Unsorted debris from ice sheets, after deposition, is known as ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Till
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The trellis drainage pattern shown below develops ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In areas of alternating weak and resistant bedrock
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The rate at which a parent atom creates daughter atoms is always _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Constant and unique
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The radiometric date of a metamorphic rock most likely represents when the rock was _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heated during metamorphism
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The principle of ________ explains the occurrence of older rock within a newer igneous body.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inclusions.
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The most unreliable (variable) diagnostic property of minerals such as quartz is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Color
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The maximum extent of a glacier is marked by a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Terminal moraine
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The main difference between stream pools and ponds is that stream pools _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have an observable current
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The lowest elevation limiting stream erosion is called ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Alluvium.
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The longer ribbon that can be formed by handling a moist soil, the lower the _____ content.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clay.
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The location of earthquake epicenters closely correlates with the __________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Edges of the plates
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The lengthy ridges of till along each side of an alpine glacier are ________ moraines.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lateral
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Some continents contain large core areas of precambrian rocks called _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shields
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Mature tropical soils are generally noteworthy for their ________ color.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Red.
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A(n) ________ is a type of unconformity with parallel beds above and below the erosional surface.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Disconformity
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The setting of douard manets reclining nude figure of olympia is a(n) __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bordello of the Parisian demimonde.
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The sediment found in the mississippi river delta is an example of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Terrigenous sediment
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The rotational energy of the blades of a wind turbine ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Drives a generator inside the nacelle compartment to produce electricity.
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The principal characteristic that differentiates temperate and tropical rainforests is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Latitude
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One limitation of wind power is that it ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is intermittent
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Of the ~4,000 known minerals, the vast majority ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are rare
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Of all the freshwater on the earth, approximately ________________ is trapped as ice.
Answer
Correct Answer:
80%
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Nonnative species disrupt ecosystems by _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increasing biodiversity
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Most sediments that compose a delta are __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lithogenous
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Most of the pushing force driving plate motion is produced ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
At subduction zones.
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Most of the holy roman empire constitutes _____ today.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Germany
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Most of the costs associated with using renewable resources are due to _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Overuse of resources
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More solar radiation is absorbed by earths surface than by __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The atmosphere.
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Minerals in geodes (see below) form spectacular euhedral crystals because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The crystals have abundant room to grow in their hollow surroundings
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Minerals found on the seabed at or near hydrothermal vents are mostly __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metal sufides
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Mineral x is scratched by a diamond. mineral x _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is softer than a diamond
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Mine tailings are __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The remains of ore after most of the metals have been removed.
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Marble is a nonfoliated rock that forms when heat and pressure change limestone. marble _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is formed by evenly distributed pressure
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Manganese nodules are an example of ________ sediment.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrogenous sediments.
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Latent heat that is the energy source for many storms can be transported by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water vapor
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Large rocks are transported by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Traction.
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Adults age 51 to 70 need _____ micrograms of vitamin d daily to prevent bone loss.
Answer
Correct Answer:
15
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A mercator map is constructed by projecting the grid of the globe onto a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cylinder
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Deep sea trenches are important features for plate tectonic studies because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
They are sites where the oceanic lithosphere is consumed into the mantle
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A south wind produces a _____ surface current in the northern hemisphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Northwest
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A shoreline is a(n) ________, a common boundary where different parts of a system interact.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Interface
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Conchoidal fractures are indicative of the mineral ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Quartz
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Compressional stress on rock can cause strong and deep earthquakes, usually at _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reverse faults
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Compared to felsic lavas, mafic lavas have a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lower viscosity
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A regular kitchen sponge has ________ porosity but ________ permeability.
Answer
Correct Answer:
High; low
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A porphyritic rock contains both ________ and __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phenocrysts; groundmass
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A mineral is said to be ____, if after a long time it does not convert to a new mineral.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stable
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A migmatite is a mixed ___ rock.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metamorphic and igneous
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______ is the predominant igneous rock of the continents.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Granite
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Compared to traditional tillage, conservation tillage _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reduces topsoil erosion
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A temperature inversion is characterized by a(n) ______ of air temperature with altitude.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increase
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A relatively warm surface tends to ______ the overlying air.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Destabilize
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A raindrop that freezes before reaching the ground is called ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sleet
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________ have the most dynamic and changeable day-to-day weather on earth.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Latitudes affected by fronts
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________ can harvest the energy they need through photosynthesis or other processes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Autotrophs
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________ are solid particles that serve as cores for the formation of ice crystals.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Freezing Nuclei
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________ are small-scale winds produced by a locally generated pressure gradient.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Local winds
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A small island on the equator would most likely be classified ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A f
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A rain-free base of an updraft is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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A monsoon climate is characterized by ________ summers and ________ winters.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wet; dry
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________ climates display a large variation over small areas.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Highland
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Fine-grained clays, silts and muds would always indicate a ____ environment.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Low-energy
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Complete this analogy: sliding is to gravel as dissolution is to_____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ions
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Coarse infertile soil _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is found near the base of mountains
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Clay has ____ porosity and ____ permeability.
Answer
Correct Answer:
High, low
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A succession of ocean waves set in motion by a submarine earthquake is called _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tsunami
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A streamlined asymmetrical hill composed of till is called a _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Drumlin
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A soil with a large percentage of clay would be ________ and ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Porous, non-permeable
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A river's discharge is generally greatest _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
At its mouth
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A plant root presses against a rock, causing it to crack. this is an example of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Biological weathering
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________ account(s) for the largest usage of groundwater in the united states.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Agriculture and irrigation
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_____ were the dominant vertebrate life form during the paleozoic era.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Amphibians
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When sea ice forms in high latitudes, the sea ice has ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lower salinity than the ocean waters it forms from
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The accumulation of sediment found along the shore of a lake or ocean is called a _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Beach
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A __________ uses seismometers to measure shear waves (s waves) caused by earthquakes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Geologist
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Rugged mountains cut off ________ china from korea.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Northeast
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Global inequality is apparent in _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these choices are true
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The so called climax vegetation refers to the ____ in an area
Answer
Correct Answer:
Original vegetation
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Ensuring clear directions and needed resources before work begins refers to ___________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Feedforward control
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The term ________ refers to entities cooperating across national boundaries.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internationalization
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Sediment laid down by glacial meltwater is called _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stratified drift
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The writer tom wolfe dubbed the 1970s the ____________ decade.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Me
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Earth's current atmosphere supports animal life because __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plant photosynthesis provides oxygen that is critical for aerobic respiration.
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Detrital sedimentary rocks are classified and named principally on the basis of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Grain size.
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Currently, most geologists ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Agree that continental drift occurs due to mechanisms at work in the ocean basins and upper mantle
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Deserts are arid; steppes are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Semiarid
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Desert, tundra, grassland, and chaparral are examples of __________ found in north america.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ecosystems
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Desert varnish consists of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dust deposits affected by microorganisms
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Desert regions occur __________, and always have a(n) __________ climate zone adjacent to them.
Answer
Correct Answer:
On every continent; steppe
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Descending into earths interior, temperature, as well as pressure on rock, _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases
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Drumlins are formed in __________, and their tapered ends point __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Till plains; downstream.
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Dredging a stream or river is an example of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Channelization
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Evidence that glaciers once covered an area might include ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Till and striations
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Evidence that earths core has a high iron content comes from the study of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Meteorites
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Evidence of paleomagnetism can be found in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above are correct.
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Evidence about ancient climates indicates that _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glacial ice once covered much of what is now India and Australia
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Elastic deformation before an earthquake is like _______, whereas rupture is like__________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stretching a rubber band; breaking a rubber band.
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El nio received its name because of its association with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The Christmastime Christ child
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Earthquakes occur most frequently near ________ margins.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Active
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Earthquakes are most frequent near coastlines that are termed ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Active margins.
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Earthquake prediction is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Somewhat good for very long term statistical analyses based on ideas like mapping seismic gaps; however, is not yet developed for short term predictions
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Earth's core, mantle, and crust formed during the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hadean
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Dynamothermal (regional) metamorphism occurs when ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rock becomes buried deeply during continental collision and mountain building
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During the last ice age, a ________ glacier covered much of the northern united states.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Continental
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During the holocene artifacts like _______ began to appear.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ceramics.
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During the day along the coast, the wind tends to blow toward the ________ because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Land; land heats more rapidly than water
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Deposition of dissolved minerals in caverns leaves deposits such as the icicle-like ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stalactites.
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A(n) ________ in eustatic sea level is ultimately the result of a ________ event.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increase; global cooling
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___________________ energy is replenished over short time scales or is perpetually available.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Renewable
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Areas with relatively scarce sand and constantly shifting winds will develop ________ dunes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Star
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By far the most common elements in the universe and in our solar system are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrogen and helium
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The slippage of an earthquake starts ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Megathrust; convergent
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The ________ forms the relatively cool, brittle plates of plate tectonics.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lithosphere
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Glaciers _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Form when snow stays in the same place for a long time
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When coral expel their own nutrient-supplying algae, a phenomena called ________ often follows.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bleaching
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Coarse-grained granite is most similar in mineral composition to fine-grained ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rhyolite
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Talus aprons represent accumulations of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Angular debris at the base of a hill
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Sinking air that diverges when it reaches earth's surface is closely associated with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anticyclones
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All of the following cause mechanical weathering except ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carbonic acid
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Seasonal variations in co2 recorded at mauna loa observatory are related to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vegetation
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When a fault is expressed at the surface, it is called a __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fault scarp
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Water that has trickled down into a joint in a rock can freeze, expand, and _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Widen the crack and hastening the rock's disintegration
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Tsunamis are more destructive than wind-driven storm waves primarily because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tsunamis have longer wavelengths and thus larger volumes of water are involved
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The 1943 eruption of paricutin in mexico was characterized by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mudflows and explosive ash eruptions
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Tensional stress is the dominant force at ___.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The Basin and Range Province
Note: This Question is unanswered, help us to find answer for this one
Stability prevails when the environmental lapse rate is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less than the wet adiabatic rate
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Short-term predictions of earthquake behavior ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have been largely unreliable
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Rhyolitic lavas ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Do not flow as far from the vent as basaltic lavas do
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If the velocity of a stream decreases, competence __________ and sediment is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decreases, deposited
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Humans first realized that the earth was spherical ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
During the time of Aristotle in ancient Greece
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Glaciation can take about ________ years, whereas deglaciation requires about ________ years.
Answer
Correct Answer:
100,000; 10,000
Note: This Question is unanswered, help us to find answer for this one
Coal forms from ______ that accumulates in a(n) ______ depositional environment.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plant material/anoxic
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Buried erosional surfaces between parallel sedimentary strata are termed ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Disconformities
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As a rule, economic depletion exists when _____ of the resource has been extracted.
Answer
Correct Answer:
80%
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An apron-shaped pile of alluvium that forms at the mouth of a canyon is known as a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Alluvial fan
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Amongst all seismic waves, surface waves __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have the slowest velocity
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All of the following statements concerning dry lands are true except ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wind is the dominant agent of erosion and sediment transport
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All of the following are possible steps of scientific investigation except for ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Assumption of conclusions without prior experimentation or observation
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According to the plate tectonics model, the rigid ________ moves over top of the weaker ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lithosphere, asthenosphere
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A rainshadow desert forms ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
On the leeward side of a mountain
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________ is the study and reconstruction of past climates through the use of proxy data.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Paleoclimatology
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________ has the same mineral composition as andesite.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Diorite
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An unknown igneous rock has very small crystals. the rock _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cooled quickly
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Downcutting is usually most prominent along the ________ part of a stream valley.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Upper
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Easterly waves travel from ________ in the ________ belt.
Answer
Correct Answer:
East to west; trade wind
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Earth's polar regions (above 60 latitude) are classified as deserts because __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cold, dry sinking air in the polar high regions produces little precipitation
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Density ________ depth in the earth's crust.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases with.
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Currently, life expectancy in north america is about ______ years for men and ______ for women.
Answer
Correct Answer:
75; 80.
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During a cold occlusion, the cold front forces the warm front to ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rise off the ground.
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The gps was developed by the u.s. department of ______
Answer
Correct Answer:
GPS
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The main river serving the hinterland of shanghai is the __________ river.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chang-Yangzi
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In a monocline, one of the limbs of the fold ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is horizontal
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Any stream may lengthen its valley by ________ and delta formation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Headward erosion
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An important tool in understanding the actual numerical dates of past geologic events is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Radioactivity
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A major obstacle the first land plants had to overcome was ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Staying upright despite gravity and wind on land
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A shaman was believed to be ____ between humans, animals, and spirits.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A bridge
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A sedimentary rock formed by the compaction and lithification of mud is known as a ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shale
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When air at the surface diverges, airflow above must _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Converge
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Small foreshocks that precede a major earthquake can occur _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
From the day of the major earthquake to days aer the earthquake
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There are ________ statutory probate court judges.
Answer
Correct Answer:
18
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Temperature decreases most rapidly with depth at ___________ latitudes
Answer
Correct Answer:
Low
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Shi'ite muslims constitute the great majority of the population of _____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Iran
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Sedimentary deposits built into relatively regular layers are known as ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Strata
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Salt wedging is of slight consequence in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Humid regions
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Granular disintegration is most closely associated with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Frost wedging
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Ferromagnesian minerals are those that contain a great deal of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Magnesium and Iron
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The wet adiabatic rate of cooling is less than the dry rate because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Air is unsaturated
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The strike-slip san andreas fault in california is a _______ fault more than 1,300 km long.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Right-lateral
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A more ______ design can reduce earthquake damage to buildings
Answer
Correct Answer:
Flexible
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The tidal bulge produced on earth by the moon is causing the moon to slowly _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Move further from Earth
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The human body does not constantly lose water through _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Digestion
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The term for a star that is explosively ejecting gases from its surface is a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nova or supernova
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The angular size of the moon in our sky is __________ the angular size of the sun in our sky.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Almost exactly the same as
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Ice sheets can be ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Several kilometers thick
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Currents are more intense on the _______ side of the north pacific and north atlantic oceans.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Western
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The typical trend in a rising plume of subduction-zone magma is to increase the ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the choices are correct
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The surface area of earth is composed of ____ ocean and _____ landmass.
Answer
Correct Answer:
71; 29
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The area most closely associated with d climates is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Canada
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A central peak, such as a volcanic mountain, generally produces a ________ drainage pattern.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Radial
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A ________ stream has an interwoven network of small channels separated by much loose debris.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Braided
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A composition of reflections across two parallel lines is a _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Translation
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A cyclone is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The term for circulation around any low-pressure center, no matter how large or intense it is
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A ________ forms when a block of ice is buried in drift and subsequently melts, creating a pit.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Kettle
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A ____ usually indicates clearing weather or fair weather.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Steadily rising
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A joint can be distinguished from a fault in that ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
There is no movement along joints
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A huge boulder resting on a completely different type of bedrock in glacial zones is a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Erratic
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A glacier's downstream end ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is in the zone of wastage
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A fold shaped like an elongate trough is a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Syncline
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A deglaciated cirque often contains a basin in which a(n) ________ can be found.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tarn
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A body of rock affected by compressive stress will likely undergo ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shortening
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A ________ is a crescent-shaped dune whose tips point downwind.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Barchan
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"this rock is fifteen million years old," is an example of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A numerical date
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__________ rocks are often the source of metal ores such as gold, silver, and copper.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metamorphic
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__________ in the sandy layer causes the ground to subside after sand volcanoes form.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tighter packing
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________ is when a rock "snaps back" to its original stress-free form after an earthquake.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Elastic rebound
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________ is the area at the headwaters of a stream where most of the sediment is derived.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sediment Production
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________ is one of the two major flow mechanisms in a glacier.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Basal slip
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________ is fine silt generated by glaciers that can be carried for long distances by the wind.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Loess
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_____ is the principle that explains why materials uplift to a certain elevation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Isostasy
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________ streams flow year-round, fed by snowmelt, rainfall, groundwater, or a combination thereof.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Perennial
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____ is a layer of organic sediment.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lignite
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A __________ is defined as a chain of glacial lakes where each lake flows into the next.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pater noster lake
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____ make up a majority of the ocean floor worldwide.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Abyssal plains
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________ is a distinguishing feature of thunderstorms.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An anvil top
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Hurricanes derive their energy from _______ pressure zones in the ______ latitudes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Low; tropical
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Depositional features created by wind include ____________ and _______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Loess; dunes
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Data collected by the drilling ship glomar challenger confirmed that _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
None of the ocean floor is more than about 180 million years old
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Between muncie and anderson, the drainage area of the white river increases by _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
165 square miles
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As shown in the video, the regular version of the item _____ and the diet version _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sank; floated
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Areas downwind of the ocean experience __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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An identifying characteristic of convergent boundaries is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deep,linear trenches in the seafloor
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An estuary is _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An ecotone
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Abyssal plains are most likely found _________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Along Passive Plate Margins.
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Hygroscopic nuclei ______ water molecules.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Attract
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Hurricanes dissipate when ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
They move over colder water
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Central asia and western north america experience dryness because of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lack of moist air masses
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Catastrophic subsidence into sinkholes tends to occur more often in areas underlain by __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Acidic freshwater flowing through limestone
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Carbon dioxide and ________ are the most important heat absorbing gases in the lower atmosphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water vapor
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At earth's surface, warm temperatures are associated with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Low pressure
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Adjusting barometer readings to sea level removes the influence of ______ on air pressure.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Station elevation
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Continental volcanic arcs are associated with the _____ plate boundary.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Convergent oceanic-continental
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Continental crust is typically 35 km thick, but may be up to ________ thick under mountain ranges.
Answer
Correct Answer:
70 km
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Tanning beds have a higher proportion of ___________ radiation than does natural sunlight.
Answer
Correct Answer:
UVA
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In a climatological sense, dryness is a function of both annual rainfall and ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evaporation
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If accumulation exceeds ablation, then __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The glacial ice will flow downhill and the glacial front will move downhill
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Horizontal divergence occurs to the ______ of an upper-air trough.
Answer
Correct Answer:
East
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Hadley cells explain why _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The tropics are much wetter than other regions
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Hadley cells are located in ______ latitudes of both hemispheres.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tropical
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Because of the greenhouse effect, cloudy nights tend to be __________ than clear nights.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warmer
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As one approaches the equator, the angle of incidence ____ and the atmosphere attenuation ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increases; decreases
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Ancient temperatures are best extrapolated by comparing isotopes of _____ gas.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Oxygen
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An individual raindrop consists of approximately ________ moisture droplets.
Answer
Correct Answer:
1 million
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An example of a geostrophic wind is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Jet stream
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An altimeter is an adaptation of the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aneroid barometer
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Af and am climates form a discontinuous belt astride the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Equator
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Advection is a(n) ________ wind movement.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Horizontal
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Along coastlines, sand dunes will most often begin to form and grow when ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Perennial grasses become established
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Adaptive melanism describes selection for _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Darker pigmentation
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Using the doppler effect, astronomers can determine a stars _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Movement toward or away from Earth
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Under typical conditions, glaciers flow ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
At a rate between 2 meters (6.5 feet) and 800 meters (2600 feet) per year.
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The highest magnitude earthquakes typically occur _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Near subduction zones
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The area of crust directly above a rising mantle plume is a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hot spot.
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Stalactites and stalagmites are examples of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chemical sedimentary rock
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Soil that forms on unconsolidated deposits is called _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transported soil
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The two main religious beliefs in southeast asia are hinduism and _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hinduism
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The main reason for the occurrence of subtropical deserts around the world is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Locations of anticyclones
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Rock through which ground water cannot run or flow is a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aquiclude
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The single most descriptive word that can be applied to tropical wet climates is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Monotonous
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The map of world average annual temperature range shows ________ to have the greatest range.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eastern Siberia
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The major global wind and pressure systems ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shift with the seasons
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The main goal of paleoclimatology is to understand the climate of the past in order to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Assess the current and potential future climate in the context of natural climate variability
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The greatest one-day range of temperature was recorded in a bwh climate in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Algeria
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The first nearly correct measurement of the earth's circumference was made by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eratosthenes.
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On large scale maps, equivalence and conformity can be ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sizes
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Most of the radiation incident upon the earth falls within the ________ part of the spectrum.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shortwave
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Most atolls began as ________ around volcanic islands which later subsided beneath the sea.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Longshore currents
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Midlatitude deserts experience a ________ maximum in precipitation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Summer
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Mediterranean climates experience dry summers because of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The position of subtropical high pressure
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Lakes are common in areas which have been recently ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glaciated
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The largest geographic feature on the surface of planet earth is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pacific Ocean.
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The movement (track along the ground) of middle latitude cyclones is determined by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The jet stream.
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Scientists have tried to modify hurricanes by ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Seeding the hurricanes with silver iodide
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A wet monsoon is associated with high rainfall totals and is caused by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A seasonal reversal of winds
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When neither air mass displaces the adjacent one, their boundary is called a(n) ________ front.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stationary
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The segment of the atmosphere which blends into interplanetary space is called the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exosphere
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The seasonal shift of the intertropical convergence is greatest ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Over the continents.
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The reason winds exist is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The unequal heating of the Earth system
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The present atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide is approximately 396 ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Parts per million.
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The poles are most closely associated with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
High Pressure
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The middle latitudes are dominated by wind flows which are mainly from the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
West
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The intertropical convergence zone may be found as far as ________ north of the equator in july.
Answer
Correct Answer:
25°
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The influence on climate of carbon dioxide is mainly due to its ability to absorb ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Infrared radiation
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Most severe weather is generated in areas that are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warm and moist
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Low ____ on a constant height chart corresponds to low ____ on a constant pressure chart.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pressures, heights
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Shallow subduction zone earthquakes occur __________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these are correct
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Wegener's early proposal of continental drift was not taken seriously because of his ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Failure to provide a plausible cause
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Tsunami events at a coastline __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can start with a drawdown or rising of the sea
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The process that causes dissolution of limestone bedrock in a stream is ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Corrosion
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The himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Convergent.
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The focus of the 2001 inquiry of the un general assembly into coltan mining in congo was ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Environmental and social justice for the Congolese
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The ________ is an example of a modern convergent boundary where two continents meet.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Northerly movement of India relative to Eurasia
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Most rock outcrops (about 75% of the total) are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sedimentary
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Most of the world's ________ line(s) up along plate tectonic boundaries.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Earthquakes, very young oceanic crust, and volcanoes
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Most marine organisms produce the mineral substance ________, which will later become limestone.
Answer
Correct Answer:
CaCO3.
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A(n) ________ fault has little or no vertical movements of the two blocks.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Strike slip
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On the floodplain map, muncie central high school has ________ annual chance of flooding.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Between .2% and 1%
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Fronts are located ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
At the edges of air masses
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A metamorphic rock forms from directed pressure. the rock is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Foliated
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Shear causes horizontal movement along a fault plane in a/n _______ fault.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reverse
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Four laws or principles are involved with the study of stratigraphy. they are _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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Geography as a discipline links the _________________ with the _____________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Physical sciences; social sciences
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Compared to places at lower elevations, highland climates are usually cooler and ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wetter
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Coastal alaska and norway are in the ________ group of climates.
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Climate models indicate that ________ is(are) one of the strongest indications of global warming.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Loss of sea ice in the Arctic
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Circulation in the troposphere is mainly a(n) ________ system.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Closed
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Chinook winds, land-sea breezes and santa ana winds are examples of ________ circulations.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mesoscale
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According to newton's 1st law, the law of inertia, if you hit a baseball with a bat it will _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fly in a straight line unless an outside force changes its course
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The single most important erosional agent on earth is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Running water
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The study of spectroscopy was begun by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sir Isaac Newton
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The promotion of companies sustainably harvested rainforest products is intended to _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Give the company a competitive advantage
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The major difference between floods in humid regions and in dry regions is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In dry regions, flooding is a very fast
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The atmosphere has the greatest ________ of the earth's hydrologic compartments.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Turnover rate and smallest water volume
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The atmosphere acquires most of its energy from ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The earths surface
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The atacama desert in chile is the ______ area in the world.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Driest
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The area of the ocean that experiences the lowest density water occurs in the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deep Zone
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The air pressure on a rainy day is usually ________ air pressure on a sunny day.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lower than
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Sand dunes are formed by ____________ (deflation/deposition).
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deposition
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If you are on a beach, you might recognize that a tsunami is approaching because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The water will withdraw from the beach farther than usual
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If ice accumulation equals the amount of ice lost, the glacier will ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Become stationary
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Groundwater tends to flow through bodies of rock or sediment that ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have a high permeability
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Groundwater may be ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above statements are correct
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Greenhouse gases act to ________ temperatures by ________ thermal infrared radiation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increase; trapping
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Flood stage for the white river at anderson is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
10 feet
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Confined aquifers are found _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Between two layers of impermeable soil
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Color is not very helpful in mineral identification because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Property different minerals can have the same color
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Below the thermocline the temperature of ocean water ____________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Remains fairly constant
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Basalt is pushed into the crust by subduction. it will most likely become _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metamorphic rock
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Barrier islands form as the direct result of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deposition
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Approximately ________ cycles of cooling and warming occurred during the last ice age.
Answer
Correct Answer:
20
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An interglacial period is characterized by ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Periods of warmer,stable climate
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All months have average temperatures below freezing in the ________ climatic type.
Answer
Correct Answer:
ET
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Alaska's aleutian islands formed as part of a ________ along a ________ boundary.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Volcanic island arc; convergent
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A vast plain of rolling hills are actually folds of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anticlines and synclines.
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A material that undergoes tensional stress tends to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stretch
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A layer of sandstone is uplifted. this rock will most likely _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Weather into new sedimentary rock
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________ have the highest velocities.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Primary waves
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________ are long, linear scratch marks carved onto bedrock by glacial abrasion.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glacial striations
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The loess deposited in many parts of the midwest ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Was once glacial outwash deposits
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Laminar flow, where water moves in approximately straight-line paths, characterizes ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Slow moving streams.
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Oceanic ridges represent ________ percent of the earth's surface.
Answer
Correct Answer:
20.
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Most rain at middle latitudes is produced by the ice crystal process. this is because ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clouds in these regions can extend into regions where air temperatures are below freezing
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The north end of earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees toward the sun on ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
June 21 or 22
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The rocky mountains were created when _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eastward tectonic movement compressed old crystalline rocks against younger sedimentary layers.
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Tsunami typically have _________________________ relative to wind-blown waves.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Long periods and long wavelengths
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Tsunami arrive as a series of several waves separated by periods typically in the _________ range..
Answer
Correct Answer:
10-60 minute
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Natural occurring biological hazards to people are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Viruses and Salmonella.
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Wind tends to move from _____ to _____ pressure areas.
Answer
Correct Answer:
High, low
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Tornadic thunderstorms that form ahead of an advancing cold front most often travel from ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Southwest to northeast
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The thermocline or area of rapid temperature change in the ocean is important because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
It forms a barrier to many types of marine life that can only exist within certain temperature ranges
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The sahara and australian deserts (among others) are associated with the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Subtropical high
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The production of dew is mainly the result of ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Radiational cooling.
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The polar high is more pronounced over ________ because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The Antarctic; greater landmass
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The most latent heat would be released in a ____ parcel of ____ saturated air.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rising, warm
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The minimum daily temperature typically occurs at ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sunrise
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The main impact of ozone on life on the earth's surface is to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reduce ultraviolet solar radtiation
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The leading edge of a thunderstorm's cold outflowing air is known as a ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gust front.
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The general area where a tornado is likely to form can often be predicted ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
3
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The ______ of the life cycle of a thunderstorm cell is characterized by mostly updrafts.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dissipating stage
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Subduction of oceanic lithosphere at the trenches can act like a bulldozer to produce ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An accretionary wedge
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Smaller grid spacing ____ the resolution of computer forecasting models.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can increase
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Salinity in the ocean is highest in regions where ________ is high and ________ is low.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evaporation precipitation
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One half of the atmosphere lies below the elevation of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
6 kilometers
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On the eastern side of the rocky mountains, chinook winds are enhanced when ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clouds form and precipitation falls on the windward side of the mountains.
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On a calm, cold day, the sensible temperature is often ____ than the thermometer reading.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Higher
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Of those below, the coldest, driest ones are termed ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Continental polar
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Most precipitation that falls in middle latitudes originates in ______ clouds.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cold
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Meteorologists refer to an imaginary volume of air enclosed in a thin elastic cover as a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Parcel
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Light or moderate continuous precipitation is most often associated with ____ clouds.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nimbostratus
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A wind from the ______ would be called a southerly wind.
Answer
Correct Answer:
South
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The ________ is not a portion of earth's interior.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Magnetosphere
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Subsurface mining is used extensively in the extraction of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Coal, phosphate, diamonds, gold
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The most prominent of all depositional landscapes is the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Floodplain.
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With the passage of time, all talus migrates ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Downslope
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Violent causes of death from volcanic eruptions include _______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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This cobble shows prominent scratches because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
It was scraped against other rocks in a glacier
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The term "exfoliation dome" is best applied to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Yosemite National Park
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The single most important force in shaping coastal topography is the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Waves.
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The sierra nevada batholith formed during subduction of the _____ plate beneath north america.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pacific
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The rate of groundwater flow per unit area through a body of rock or sediment depends ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
On the slope of the water table and the permeability of the rock or sediment
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The quantity of offset that occurs along a fault is termed ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Displacement
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The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Convergent between oceanic plates
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The organic matter in humus is made of ____. a. dead worms c. roots b. stems d. all of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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The oldest basalts on the ocean floor are about ________ years old.
Answer
Correct Answer:
200 million.
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The most advanced stage of tropical reef formation is exhibited in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A fringing reef
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The main "ingredient" in the formation of coral is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Calcium carbonate
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The lower limits of a blowout are controlled by ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The local water table
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The gros ventre slide is evident today by __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A scar, runout area, and landslide debris filling the valley.
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The greatest amount of material transported by a stream is carried in its ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Suspended load.
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Streams that exhibit flow only during wet periods are called ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intermittent streams
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Slab pull occurs because subducting slabs are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cooler,and therefore less dense,than surrounding asthenosphere
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Rocks can melt without changing temperature when the pressure exerted on them is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increased
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Rhyolite, andesite, basalt, and obsidian are all rocks that are classified as ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Igneous and extrusive
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Multiple plutons can coalesce (merge) to form a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Batholith
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Most processes which shape topography are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Very slow
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Most orogenesis occurs along ________ plate boundaries.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Convergent
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Most magma is generated in earth's upper mantle by ________ of solid rock.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Partial melting.
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Most dry lands lie between ________ degrees north and south of the equator.
Answer
Correct Answer:
20 and 30
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Micas like muscovite and biotite break along flat planes because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Micas have sheet silicate structure
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Metamorphic rocks with a non-foliated texture show metamorphic change that involves ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Growth in the size of the mineral grains
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Massive, rapid mass wasting typically occurs in _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Geologically young mountains
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Mass wasting, a process that often occurs between weathering and erosion, involves ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The transport of material due to gravity
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Limestone and marble weather faster than granite because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Limestone and marble can be dissolved by weak acids in rain
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Landforms formed by molten materials are ____ mountains.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Volcanic Mountains
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A(n) ________ is similar in appearance to a sinkhole of a karst area.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Kettle
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A(n) ________ is an irregular, usually thin till layer laid down by a retreating glacier.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Terminal moraine
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The presence of a hot spring on the surface means ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heated rocks or magma are underneath
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Old faithful, a ________ in yellowstone national park, erupts steam and hot water.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Geyser.
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A midlatitude anticyclone ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Has a front in its center
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The ________ waves advance in a backward-rotating, elliptical motion.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rayleigh
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Crystal habit is the shape that a mineral develops by the repetition of __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The basic unit cell of a mineral
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Gravity is the main force impelling movement in all of the following except ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrolysis
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A stream's ________ is (are) chemically altered and transported.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dissolved load
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A stream is said to be a losing stream when ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The channel bottom is above the local water table
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A major economic deposit associated with the cretaceous period is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Coal
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A major difference between coal and oil/gas is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Coal forms in swamps and oil/gas form in marine environments
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________ are the most common structural features of rocks.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Joints
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A server-side image map uses ____ scripts to make the map work.
Answer
Correct Answer:
CGI
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To recycle nutrients, an ecosystem must have, at a minimum, _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Producers and decomposers
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The former portuguese colony that is now a special administrative region (sar) is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Macau
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The figure above shows that sedimentary rocks are changed to sediment by ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Weathering and erosion
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Deposition of glacial rock flour from blowing winds is responsible for ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Loess deposits
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Anna freud's pioneering work was ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
On child analysis
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The full-choir gospel style was started by ___________ in the early 1930s.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thomas A. Dorsey
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Dave grohl fronted the group ________________ after the death of kurt cobain.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Foo Fighters
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Chuck berry performed his famous _________ during his guitar solos.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Duck walk
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________ are sites of upwelling of magma from the mantle independent of plate boundaries.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transform faults
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Active mountain belts are most likely to be found ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Along the margins of continents
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Beneath a blanket of sediments, oceanic crust is primarily composed of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Basalt
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Compared to typical oceanic lithosphere, the thickness of continental lithosphere is________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
...
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________ is the basic force that moves or accelerates soil and regolith down a slope.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gravity
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________ occurs when a rock is gradually dissolved by flowing water.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Corrosion
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______ is a feature of a divergent plate boundary. choose all that apply.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An oceanic ridge
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When air __________, it is compressed and warmed.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sinks
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The lithosphere of earth will not flow because it ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is too cool
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The bottom or downward tip of a crevasse marks the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Top of the internal deformation and flowage zone
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The ________ is an elevational point that divides an entire continent into large drainage basins.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Continental divide
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Sinkholes and karst topography are a clear indication that ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The groundwater is moving through a limestone and forming caves that periodically collapse
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Consult the figure below. compared with low-grade metamorphic rocks, high-grade rocks ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are produced at greater temperatures and pressures
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An igneous rock with a ______ texture solidified deep within earth.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phaneritic
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A terrane is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A mass of rock that formed elsewhere and was added to a continent
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A monocline is a type of a(n) ____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fold
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__________ naturally concentrate(s) the less common elements of earths crust.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrothermal solutions
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_____ are composed of flood basalts.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Oceanic plateaus
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Generally, hurricanes are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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__________ faults combine elements of strike-slip and dip-slip motions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Normal
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________ rocks always originate at the surface of the solid earth.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sedimentary
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All of the following conditions help preserve organisms as fossils except ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hard parts
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As compared to mafic igneous rocks, all felsic igneous rocks ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Solidify at lower temperatures
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Using high pressure liquids to extract oil from rocks such as oil shale is known as ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydraulic fracturing
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The u.s. integrated ocean observing system (ioos) is best described as _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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The greenhouse effect involves warming of earth's surface and the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Troposphere
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An echo sounder operates by measuring the time required for a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sound pulse to travel from a ship to the seafloor and back
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An undeformed sedimentary layer is ______ than the layer above and ______ than the layer below.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Older, younger
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Mantle convection is a circulation of the heat emitted by the earth's _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Core
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An artesian well must tap into ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A confined aquifer
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Warm fronts and stationary fronts can bring _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Light precipitation
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Populations lacking any environmental resistance tend to increase by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exponential growth
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Preserved animal tracks are called ______ fossils.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trace
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Sediment production occurs primarily in ________ part of a river system.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The head waters
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A(n) ________ is created by a group of cirques eroding into a mountain peak.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Horn
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Pumping vast quantities of water locally ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lowers the local water table, forming a cone-shaped depression
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The "horse latitudes" are zones of minimal winds which are associated with the ________ system.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Subtropical High Pressure
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Waves begin to feel bottom when water depth is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Equal to half of the wavelength
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The shallowest portions of ocean found along the margins of continents are the ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Continental rises
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The black sand beaches in hawaii are comprised of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fragments of basaltic volcanic rock
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The ________ lies at the base of the continental slope.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Continental rise
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Surface ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and modified by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wind; the Coriolis effect and land
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Currents tend to move in large ____ patterns in the northern hemisphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clockwise
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A very large volcano with gentle slopes is a ________ , which is comprised of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shield volcano...lava flows
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Slow flowing, more viscous basaltic lava commonly has a rough, blocky texture called ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aa
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Grains become rounded primarily during ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Transportation
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Decompression melting is responsible for generating magma at ________ plate boundaries.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Divergent
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A ________ marks the end of one episode of sedimentation and the beginning of another.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bedding plane
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Unlike the lithosphere, the asthenosphere ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is able to flow over long periods of time
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The zone of contact metamorphism (the aureole), ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is commonly rather narrow, from 1 to 100 meters wide
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The textural term for a basaltic lava flow that has a smooth, ropy appearance is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pahoehoe
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The most complex, fully-featured collaboration tool that is popular in business today is _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Microsoft SharePoint
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The common rock produced by the metamorphism of limestone is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Marble
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Shale subjected specifically to high-grade metamorphism will change into ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gneiss
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Orogenesis (mountain building) leads to the production of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rock
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Oceanic lithosphere subducts (sinks into the asthenosphere) because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Old oceanic lithosphere is more dense that the asthenosphere
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Large, thick-crusted, nonvolcanic mountain belts, like the himalayas, are associated with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Continent-continent collisions
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Island arcs and andean type mountains are both examples of mountains formed by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Subduction
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In order to cover such large expanses of seafloor, shield volcanoes erupt ________ lava.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Basaltic
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In 1980, ________ was the first cascade range volcano to erupt since mt. lassen in 1915-16.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mt. St. Helens
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Important volatiles in magmas include ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water and carbon dioxide
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Gravel would most likely exist in the ________ of a river.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bed load
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Biochemical limestones are dominated by carbonate mud and fragments of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Calcitic and aragonitic skeletons of marine invertebrates
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All other factors equal, if a body of magma becomes more felsic, its viscosity will ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increase
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________ is a biochemical sedimentary rock that often forms in carbonate reefs.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Limestone
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________ describes the range in particle sizes in a detrital sedimentary rock.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sorting
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The typical path of a winter mid-latitude cyclone is ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eastward or northeastward
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The diameter of a hurricane is typically ______ that of a mature extratropical cyclone.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less than
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Cumuliform clouds _________ form along or ahead of a cold front.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Typically
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Midlatitude cyclones and anticyclones function as migratory features in the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Westerlies
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The thermosphere has _____ air pressure than the mesosphere. more less equal
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less
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A continental tropical air mass formed over the southwest u.s. this area is called its _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Source region
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We are likely to have our highest relative humidity ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
About sunrise
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Water purification, nutrient cycling, and plant pollination are all examples of earth's __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ecosystem services
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Water is unique because no other substance occurs in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All three states of matter
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The conservation ethic suggests that __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Resources should be used from natural areas in a responsible way such that they are not depleted
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The atmosphere and oceans are constantly moving. their activity is due primarily to _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The sun's energy
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Since 1980, arctic sea ice has ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decreased in volume and surface area
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Showery precipitation is most closely associated with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Unstable air
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Irregular heating of the air can produce thermals, which are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pockets of warm air that rise
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In summer, at the same pressure, maritime tropical air is ______ continental tropical air.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less dense than
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In an average year, more people die from ____ than from any other natural disaster.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heat
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Generally, the greatest lake-effect snowfall in the great lakes region occurs on the ____ shores.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eastern
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Generally, the average speed of a warm front ____ the average speed of a cold front.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is slower than
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For precipitation to form, cloud droplets must grow in volume by roughly _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
One million times
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Drylines typically occur in the ____ united states.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Southern Great Plains of the
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Developing low pressure areas generally have ____ air near the surface and ____ air aloft.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Converging, diverging
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Condensation nuclei, tiny particles of matter in the air, are important because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
They provide a surface for water molecules to form on
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Clouds can decrease the range of daily temperatures because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The clouds reflect solar radiation back into space during the day
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Capital letters in air mass names reflect the ________ characteristics of the air mass
Answer
Correct Answer:
Temperature
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Calm, fair weather is most likely to result from a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Midlatitude anticyclone
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After the center of a mature wave cyclone passes, you should expect ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Barometric pressure to rise
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A rain shadow is situated downwind from the ______ slopes of a high mountain barrier.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Leeward
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A lapse rate of ______ celsius degrees per 1000 meters is stable for unsaturated air parcels.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these are correct
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________ clouds form sheets or layers that cover much of the sky.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stratus
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Showery weather and cumuliform clouds point to the presence of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Atmospheric instability
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Maritime air masses form _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Over water
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High clouds that form delicate veil-like patches or extended wispy fibers are termed ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cirrus
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Sympatric speciation typically occurs through __________ and __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Polyploidy in plants; habitat differentiation in animals
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The shape of a(n) ________ can be likened to an amphitheater.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cirque
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In a river valley, mass-wasting processes can ______. choose all that apply.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Make the valley walls less steep, make the valley wider
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Complex organisms with gills and lungs were major life forms that existed in the_____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Paleozoic era
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As a rule, groundwater always flows from areas of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Greater hydraulic head to those of lesser hydraulic head
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A ______ may tell a geologist when, where, and how an organism lived.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fossil
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Riparian foliage _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Provides shade and shelter
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Water plays an important role in sculpting the landscape of continents because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water is a major cause of erosion on land
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The oceanic ridge system is the ________ topographic feature on earth.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Longest
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Magma flows easily when it is low in ______, a material made of oxygen and silicon.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Silica
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Deep ocean trenches are surficial evidence for ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sinking of oceanic lithosphere into the mantle at a subduction zone
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Deep-oceanic trenches are most abundant around the rim of the ________ ocean basin.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pacific
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Wind speed may be roughly indicated by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Spacing of isobars on a weather map
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When looking up at the clouds, you can usually make out different shapes and figures with _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cumulus clouds
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Subtropical anticyclones are ______-core circulation systems.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warm
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Earthquakes with a richter magnitude of less than ______ are generally not felt by humans.
Answer
Correct Answer:
2.0
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A scale of one inch equals one mile is ________ in a representative fraction.
Answer
Correct Answer:
1:63,360
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A travel-time graph can be used to find the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Distance to the epicenter of an earthquake
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Complete this statement: divergence is to moving away as convergence is to _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Moving toward
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The _____ store(s) more carbon than the atmosphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Oceans
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The distance between corresponding points on a waves cycle is called its ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wavelength
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Radioactive isotopes are used to determine the ____________ (absolute/relative) age of rocks.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Absolute
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Regardless of their size, most rocks are made up of __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Minerals
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The primary agent of contact metamorphism is _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heat
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Low air pressure usually means bad weather. this is because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warm air rises and condenses, usually forming clouds and precipitation
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Surrounding a comet's nucleus is the broad, glowing area called the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Coma
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A(n) ________ is the generic term for any map line which joins points of equal value.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Isoline
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The continental crust of the earth is _____________ while the oceanic crust is _____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Thicker and lighter than the oceanic crust; similar in composition to the mantle
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Tantalum from african coltan is used primarily for the manufacture of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Electronics: cell phones, computers, digital cameras
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A sandbar that completely crosses a bay, sealing it off from the open ocean is a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Non of these
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Surface ocean currents ___.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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Wind-driven surface currents move at a speed that is ________ the average driving wind speed.
Answer
Correct Answer:
One one-hundredth
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When geostrophic flow is achieved, the ______ force is balanced by the _______ force.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Coriolis, gravitational
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On an upper-air chart, the wind aloft tends to blow ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Parallel to the isobars or contours
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A ________ drainage pattern is common in the appalachian valley and ridge province.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trellis
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A fiord is a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A stream valley, deepened by glacial erosion, that floods as sea level rises
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Generally speaking, deserts are located in places where air masses are usually _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Descending
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Streams erode downward until they reach ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Their base level
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Seismic gaps are places where scientists think that ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Faults are storing elastic strain
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The entire european region is one giant _____________ extending off the eurasian continent.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Peninsula
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The rate at which a rock in a streambed dissolves would not be increased by _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reducing the rock’s exposure to water
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The goldilocks scenario suggests that ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
We are very fortunate to be in the right place in the universe and to have had the right condition to develop and sustain life
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The ______ of a seismograph moves.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Paper
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In rodinia, a well-documented precambrian supercontinent, ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
North America was located near the center of the supercontinent
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In an overturned fold, the beds have rotated ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
More than 90 degrees
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Cirrostratus clouds form in the ________ regions of the troposphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Highest
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By the year 2030, it is possible that glacier national park in montana will not have any ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Glaciers
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A major difference between catastrophism and uniformitarianism is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Catastrophism supports rapid changes on the earth and a young age of Earth while Uniformitarianism requires long times for changes to be significant and thus a very old earth
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The early earth of the hadean eon _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Had no volcanoes
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Ocean water is 96.5% water by mass. most of the remainder consists of __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ions from dissolved salts
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A zone of high atmospheric pressure results when there is relatively __________ air aloft.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cool, dry
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A(n) ________ the condition that exists when data are isolated in separated information systems.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Information Silos
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During the warm phase of enso, a belt of much warmer than normal water appears along the_____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Equator in the eastern Pacific
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Because of wave refraction, erosion along an irregular coastline is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Greatest in heradlands (points of land projected out toward the sea)
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______ is (are) partially blocked by ozone in the stratosphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ultraviolet radiation
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All spheres of earth are interrelated or interdependent. this means _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
They all depend on each other to function; an impact to one sphere usually affects another
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Along a coastline, most hurricane damage is caused by ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Storm surge
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Neighboring sedimentary facies generally show __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A gradational relationship
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Continental coastlines that occur within the interior of a tectonic plate are called ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Passive margins
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________ are erosional features produced by valley/alpine glaciers.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cirques
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The side of a mountain sheltered from prevailing winds is the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Leeward
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The bergeron-findeisen precipitation process takes place within ______ clouds.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cold
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The milankovitch cycles may have changed earth's climate in the past. these cycles involve _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Earth's tilt and orbit
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A fixed volcanic hot spot on earth tends to produce a _______ on a moving plate.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Series of volcanic peaks
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________ commonly serves as a protolith in the formation of slate.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Limestone
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A stream's turbulence is strongly influenced by its ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Velocity
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"scale" relates ________ to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Map distance, Earth distance
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The larger of the jovian moons ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are larger than Mercury but smaller than Mars
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Cumulus clouds that appear above isolated mountain peaks are often the result of ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Valley breezes
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Xerophytes are plants of the ________ region.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Desert
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The stream gradient of most rivers ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is greater near the source than near the mouth
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Any change in the air's ________ content could alter temperatures in the lower atmosphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Carbon dioxide
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The basic unit of pressure mapped on weather maps is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Millibars
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The american states with the highest average annual incidence of fog are located on ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The Pacific coast
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The "eye" of the hurricane is a zone characterized by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sinking air
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Storms along ________ are more severe than storms along ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cold fronts; warm fronts because uplift is more rapid along cold fronts
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The cold water observed along the northern california coast in summer is due primarily to ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Upwelling
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Surface pressure systems tend to move ____ the wind at the 500-mb level.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the same direction as
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All of the following are evidence supporting the theory of plate tectonics except for ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Changes in the Moon's orbit due to shifting plates
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________ make up the suspended loads of most rivers and streams.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Silt and clay-sized, detrital grains
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Sediments derived primarily from the products of weathering on the continents are called _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Terrigenous sediment
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Minerals that crystallize directly from seawater are examples of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrogenous sediment
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Sedimentary rocks with ripple marks suggest that the rocks formed _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The rock formed along a beach or stream bed.
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Wind-blown sand deposits would most likely be __________ and __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Very well-sorted, well-rounded
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Ultramafic rocks contain __________ and are commonly found in __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Olivine; mantle
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The modern-day red sea is explained by plate tectonics theory because it is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A rift zone that may eventually open into a major ocean if Arabia and
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The mineral assemblage within metamorphic rock is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dependent on both the mineral content of the protolith and the temperature and pressure of formation
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Quartz exhibits __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conchoidal fracture
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Pull-apart rift zones are generally associated with a ________ plate boundary.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Divergent
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Lavas erupting from composite cones are generally ________-rich, making them very viscous.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Silica.
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Cinder cones ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are usually less than 300 meters (1000 feet) high
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At a subduction zone, the overriding plate ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
May be composed of either oceanic or continental lithosphere
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A smooth grain shaped like a cigar is __________ and shows __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Well-rounded, low sphericity.
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________ is thought to form by partial melting and in situ crystallization of the melted portion.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Migmatite
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________ are pyroclastic materials that are larger than ash, but smaller than blocks or bombs.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lapilli
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The variation in shape and function of the forelimb in tetrapods is a result of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Different environments leading to the evolution of different types of limbs
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The separation of soil into distinct layers is _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Horizonation
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The opening of stomata is thought to involve _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An increase in the solute concentration of the guard cells.
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The development of ____ factored in the development of complex organisms.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above.
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Shubin and daeschler specifically traveled to ellesmere island to hunt for fossils because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The rocks on the island were of the right age to contain transitional vertebrate fossils
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Permafrost soil (gelisol) is _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Resistant to erosion
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As shown by the south dakota example, artesian systems __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are able to transmit water great distances from recharge to discharge areas
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Aridisols are soils characteristically found in _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deserts
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Aquifers are _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aeration zone
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Animal life in the paleozoic era included all of the following except ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Humans
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________ is the volume of voids or open space in a rock or unconsolidated material
Answer
Correct Answer:
Porosity
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________ are characteristics found in all good aquifers.
Answer
Correct Answer:
High porosity and high permeability
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The timing of __________ and continental breakup strongly correlate.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Flood basalt formation
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______ can be used to detect hidden faults.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sem
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Braque was inspired by _____________________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fauvist artists and Picasso's Le Demoiselles D'Avignon
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The primary difference between breccia and conglomerate is that conglomerate ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Possesses more rounded grains than breccia
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All of the following are possible indicators that creep is occurring except for ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An extremely thick soil profile
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The average composition of the oceanic crust is thought to approximate that of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Basalt
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The average composition of the continental crust most closely approximates that of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Granite
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________ is/are an example of ductile deformation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Folds
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________ describes the total sediment load transported by a stream.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Capacity.
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Mestizos are persons who are of mixed ____________ heritage.
Answer
Correct Answer:
European and African
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Shield volcanoes are ________ than composite volcanoes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wider.
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The coalescence-collision process applies to ________ .
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warm clouds
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Middle america's largest country today in terms of both area and population is ___________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mexico
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As you approach a steep uphill grade in the mountains,_______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Increase your speed.
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A "dynamic low" is produced by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The strong descent of air
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It is expected that us forests will _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Not be able to meet long term timber needs
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The movement of sand parallel to the shore ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Achieved by longshore currentsis created by waves approaching at an oblique anglemay create spits.
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All of the following are factors affecting mass wasting except for ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Geological age.
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________ is a sedimentary rock formed mechanically from fine silt and clay particles.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shale
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The ________ period was a time of major extinctions, including 75 percent of amphibian families.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Permian
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The ________ period is sometimes called the "golden age of trilobites."
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cambrian
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The ________ is/are found in the equatorial zone.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intertropical convergence zone
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The annual cycle of seasons is primarily caused by __________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The tilt of Earth's axis relative to its orbit around the Sun
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The least common shape for a galaxy is ______. irregular elliptical cluster spiral spherical
Answer
Correct Answer:
Spiral
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________ are formed when groundwater dissolves cavities into limestone.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Caverns
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The dominant economic activity in venezuela's lake maracaibo lowland is ___________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Large-scale cattle herding.
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A prominent feature of the mid-atlantic ridge is a very deep linear valley known as a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rift valley
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The so-called "winds of commerce" are the ________ winds.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trade
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The most common and widespread form of precipitation is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rain
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The desert would be the obvious zone of origin of a(n) ________ air mass.
Answer
Correct Answer:
CT.
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Rising and falling of air over large areas is most properly known as ________ and ________.
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Most regions of the globe receive a ________ maximum of rainfall.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Summer
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In the auditory system, _____ is the tone saturation, or the perceptual quality, of a sound.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Timbre
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In the atmosphere, liquid water collects around minute particles called ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Condensation nuclei
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Atmospheric ________ is the ultimate cause of weather.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Instability
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An air-pressure altimeter is actually a(n) ______ barometer.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aneroid
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The former, late paleozoic supercontinent is known as __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pangaea
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At the start of the paleozoic, north america ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Had no plants or animals
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Sedimentary rocks comprise approximately ________ percent of earth's outermost 10 miles.
Answer
Correct Answer:
5
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Hurricanes generally are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intense convective (thunderstorm) activity and strong cyclonic circulation
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The aleutian islands occur at a ________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Convergent boundary on a volcanic arc above a northward-subducting Pacific plate
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The addition of ________ influences a mineral's color.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Trace elements
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The binding of h+ ions to soil particles _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Displaces mineral cations
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Studies of temperatures during the cenozoic era suggest that temperatures have _______ over time.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Temperatures have fluctuated, sometimes greatly, over time
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Climates where evaporation exceeds precipitation are called ________ climates.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dry
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"whitecaps" form when _____________________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wave steepness reaches a ratio of 1:7
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A surface low pressure center is generally associated with ____ on an upper-air isobaric chart.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A trough to its west
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Terrigenous sediments originate from __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Weathering of rocks on land
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The movement of water within the surf zone that parallels the shore is termed ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Longshore current
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Short-range forecasts tends to ________ longer-range forecasts.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Be more accurate than
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________ is a strong, parallel alignment of different mineral bands in a metamorphic rock.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Foliation
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________ cement produces bright-red and yellow colors in some sandstone.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Iron oxide
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On the average, ________ fronts move the fastest of all fronts.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stationary
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A flat, bench-like surface cut in rock along a coast is a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wave-cut platform
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The region of air between the cold and warm fronts of an open wave is known as the ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Warm sector
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The largest snowflakes would probably be observed in ____ air whose temperature is ____ freezing.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Moist; near.
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One would expect a cp air mass to be ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cold and dry
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Local winds are caused by either topographic effects or by variations in _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Local wind
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Cold air moving over a warmer lake surface will result in a(n) ________ type of fog.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evaporation
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Atmospheric shortwaves usually move ____ at a speed that is ____ than longwaves.
Answer
Correct Answer:
West to east; faster
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Among cloud types, those that occur at the highest altitudes are the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cirrus
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Above the influence of friction, most winds follow a(n) ________ course.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Geostrophic
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A santa ana (or chinook or foehn) wind is a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Very dry, warm wind flowing down a mountain slope
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A horst is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An uplifted block bounded by two normal faults
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When mantle peridotite partially melts beneath an oceanic ridge, ________ magma is produced.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Basaltic or mafic
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Two common metamorphic rocks that typically lack foliation are ________ and ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Quartzite and marble
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The slowest and least perceptible form of mass wasting is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Creep.
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The most common oxidation effect in the lithosphere is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rusting.
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The dense core of earth is thought to consist predominantly of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Iron
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During wet weather or times when snow is melting, sometimes the downhill toe of a slump ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Becomes an earthflow.
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A(n) __________ acts as a conduit that brings heated water to the surface.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fault
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The ________ river has the largest discharge of any in the world.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mississippi
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The ________ earthquake was accompanied by extensive fire damage.
Answer
Correct Answer:
San Francisco, 1906
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The tropical rain-forest climate receives most of its rainfall as a result of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Convectional uplift
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The term drift ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Means any sediments of glacial origin
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The ocean plays a key role in the __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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The ocean is ___________ a major reservoir in biogeochemical cycles operating on earth.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Typically
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The measure of a soil's capacity to hold water and air is called ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Porosity
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The mass extinction at the end of the mesozoic era was caused by ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A meteor or asteroid colliding with Earth
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The largest pool of carbon in the carbon cycle is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sedimentary rock.
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The intertropical convergence zone (itcz) is a region where the ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Northeast trades meet the southeast trades
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The gulf stream affects the climate of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Florida
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The greatest day-to-day and seasonal contrasts of climate are found in the ________ climates.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Middle latitude
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The fog banks that occur in the atacama desert are formed from ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cold currents that cause temperatures to reach the dew point
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The fluid with the highest osmolarity is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Seawater in a tidal pool
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The first multicellular eukaryotic organisms to use the oxygen on earth were _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Green algae
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The faster the wind speed, the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Faster the coriolis acceleration and wind speed
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The atmosphere that we are now breathing is the ___ atmosphere the earth has had.
Answer
Correct Answer:
3rd
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The absence of __________ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on earth.
Answer
Correct Answer:
O2
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Soil forms in _______, which together make up the soil profile.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Layers
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Ozone is found mainly in the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stratosphere
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One step in the production of hydroelectric power involves _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tides that pour through a barrier dam
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One drainage basin is separated from a neighboring drainage basin by a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Divide
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Mt. st. helens in the u. s. and mt. fujiyama in japan are examples of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Composite volcanos
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Mt. kilimanjaro and mt. kenya are ________ that occur along the east african rift.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Volcanoes
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Manganese nodules are an example of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrogenous sediments
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In the ocean, winds determine _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The ocean-current patterns
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In the northern hemisphere, winds associated with a high pressure system blow ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clockwise and outward from the center
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In the northern hemisphere, warm currents tend to flow from the ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
South
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In subduction, _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The less dense plate slides over the denser plate
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In soils with distinct soil horizons, the bottom zone is the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Parent material
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In a surface cyclone in the southern hemisphere, winds spiral ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Clockwise and inward
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Groundwater is the largest reservoir of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Freshwater that is readily available to humans
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Granite is _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
An extrusive igneous rock
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Gold is opaque and reflective. it has a _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metallic luster
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Gold has a shiny, metallic _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Luster
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Gneiss is a foliated metamorphic rock. it was formed from _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Directed pressure
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Fifty percent of the gases making up the atmosphere are found below ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
5.6 kilometers
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During _____, loose sediment becomes sedimentary rock.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lithification
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Desert streams are characterized by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decreasing discharge downstream
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Contour plowing, conservation plowing and crop rotation are ways to __________ soil.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conserve
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Classes of map projections are based on the __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shape of the projection surface
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Calcium bicarbonate produced in the chemical weathering process of carbonation ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is very soluble
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An igneous rock that cools rapidly is likely to have ________ crystals.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Small
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A mineral is classified as an ore as long as ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
It s profitable and useful
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A line connecting points with equal precipitation is known as an ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Isohyet
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A large area of granitic intrusive igneous rocks is called a ____,
Answer
Correct Answer:
Batholith
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____ influences surface current formation and _____ influences deep-water circulation.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wind; thermohaline circulation
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When the temperature of a lava flow drops, viscosity ____, and silica content ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lower, high
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Volcanoes _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Contains lava
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Flowering plants first appeared during the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mesozoic
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Groundwater flows from __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
High to low pressure areas
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Foliated metamorphic rocks possess ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A planar fabric consisting of mineral grains in preferred orientations or preferred patterns of association (banding)
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Feldspar has a mohs hardness of 6. feldspar _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can't be scrat
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Igneous rocks that form ____ the surface are intrusive.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Below
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Environmental science is a __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Systematic approach in learning about the environment
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Transform plate boundaries account for approximately ________ of all plate boundaries.
Answer
Correct Answer:
40%
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The western coasts of continents in the subtropical zones are in ________ precipitation zones.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Arid
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The surface mixed zone is characterized by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nearly constant temperatures to a depth of about 300 meters
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The seasons by the ocean are _____ than inland areas.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less extreme
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The rock cycle _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Changes and recycles Earth's rocks
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The rock and mineral fragments in soil come from rock that has been ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Weathered
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The result of a horizontal cold air intrusion into a warmer air zone produces a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Advection inversion
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The ozone layer is located in the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stratosphere
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The most common cements are _____ and ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Calcite; quartz
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The mid-ocean ridges are elevated above the surrounding sea floor because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ridge rocks are hot and therefore of relatively low density
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The lithosphere lies directly above the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Asthenosphere
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The koppen system of climatic classification ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Uses human comfort to determine climate boundaries
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The hottest layer of the earth is the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inner core
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The greenhouse effect on venus is due to ________ in its atmosphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
CO2
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The elevation of the water table ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
May rise during rainy periods and sink during droughts
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The dead sea contains saltwater. most of its water leaves through _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evaporation
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The building blocks of a habitat consist of _____ factors.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Environmental
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The _______________ contains the asthenosphere and the lower mantle.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mantle
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The ________ suggests that speciation occurs in brief spurts.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Punctuated equilibrium model
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The ______ determines the chemical and physical properties of an atom.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Number of protons
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Some of the sedimentary rock called ______ is made from ancient coral reefs buried by sediments.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Limestone
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Soils, forests, and minerals are among earth's _____ resources.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Renewable
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Sinking air exerts a downward force to form ____ regions.
Answer
Correct Answer:
High-pressure
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Sediments in sedimentary rocks are often ____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Held together with natural cements
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Sedimentary rocks form because of all of the following except ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sediments forming from solution
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Sedimentary rocks are useful as records of past time because of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Their layered structure
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Sedimentary rock _____
Answer
Correct Answer:
Usually forms horizontal layers
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Research has identified the cause of plate tectonics to be ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Convection
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Radiometric dating _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Allows us to indirectly date fossils up to billions of years old based on minerals in surrounding volcanic strata
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Oceanic island arcs are similar to continental volcanic arcs in that ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both are formed by subduction
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New crust is being generated ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
At the East African Rift Valley
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Neritic sediments are found on the ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deep-ocean floor
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Most magma on earth is produced at ___ plate boundaries.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Divergent
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Most magma forms from _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The partial melting of solid rock in the crust or upper mantle
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Most limestone is ________ mechanical surface weathering.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Resistant to
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Most icelandic eruptions are __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Peaceful fissure eruptions
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Little is known about much of Earth's early history because ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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Liquefaction occurs when seismic waves cause __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water to be injected into sediment causing the grains to lose cohesion and behave like a fluid
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In terms of remote sensing, geographers ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Should not stop using maps and field study
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Lignite and bituminous coal are ____ rocks
Answer
Correct Answer:
Metamorphic
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The plate tectonic theory can best be described as _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Earth's natural process by which its lithospheric plates slowly move about because of movement in the asthenosphere
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Short term earthquake prediction research has focused on ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Looking for precursors such as changes in topography, animal behavior, foreshocks, radon emission, etc that might signal an imminent earthquake
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The common source of pressure during compaction of sediments is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The weight of the sediments deposited above the compacting sediments
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Heavy elements like pb (lead) and u (uranium) were generated ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
By humans in nuclear reactors
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Gypsum, which is widely used in plaster and wallboard, is a member of the ________ group.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sulfate
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Low latitude dry climates are found primarily ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Near the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn
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Deserts occur primarily in the africa, arabia, and australia because of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sinking air currents
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Compaction would probably be most significant as a lithification process for ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shale
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A mt air mass is likely to be ________ than a ct air mass because the mt air mass ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wetter; forms over the ocean
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Deep-ocean and near-bottom currents are strongest along the __________ sides of ocean basins.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Western
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Breakwaters, sea walls, and groins are all examples of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hard stabilization
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Between a river and its floodplain, you might find ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Natural levees
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Excessive groundwater withdrawals can cause ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The water table drops or declines in elevation
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Downcutting (also known as rejuvenation) of a stream may be due to ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Uplift of land
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An unconfined water table is the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Boundary between the aerated zone above and saturated zone below
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Ruby and sapphire are red and blue forms of the mineral ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Corrundum
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Most granitic batholiths are generated ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
As intrusions beneath composite volcanos along convergent plate margins
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Coal beds originate in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Freshwater coastal swamps and bogs
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Clay minerals are light silicates that form ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
From chemical weathering of igneous rocks
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Breccia, a rock with angular particles, is likely to have traveled ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
None of these
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The ________ is weaker and less rigid than the overlying lithosphere.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Asthenosphere.
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Changing the composition of magma by incorporating surrounding host rock is known as ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Assimilation
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Earthquakes with a very deep focus are usually located along ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A convergent boundary such as the Peru-Chile trench
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In tropical regions the ""winter"" season is merely the ________ period.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Low sun
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In regard to the indian ocean dipole (iod) is air mainly descending at ____, and rising at ___.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A; C
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El niño received its name because of its association with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Christmas
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Earth's low-latitude deserts and steppes coincide with the ________ pressure belts.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Subtropical high
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Conformal maps greatly distort ________ of continents in higher latitudes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sizes
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The first minerals to be mined were ________ and ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Flint, chert.
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When subjected to a differential stress, a very ""brittle"" material, like glass, will ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Deform by breaking or elastic bending
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When hot solutions emerge from the ocean floor, submarine hot springs called ________ form.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrothermal vents
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Waves begin to ""feel bottom"" when the depth of water is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Equal to one-half the wavelength
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Waves approaching a beach at an oblique angle ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cause beach drift.
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Water depths and seafloor topography are now routinely determined by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ship-mounted echo sounders
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The vast majority of all sedimentary rocks are sandstones, limestones and ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shales
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The united states spans ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
From the temperate zone to the arctic
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The theory of continental drift was revived, expanded, and put into its present form ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the 1960s.
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The textbook uses climographs. climographs are useful in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Classifying climate
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The strands of chlorophyll-rich waters indicate __________ off the southwest african coast.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A Northwestern ocean surface current direction
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The skeletal remains of plankton make up the sedimentary rock ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chalk.
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The richest assemblage of flora and fauna outside the tropics are in the ________ biome.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Midlatitude deciduous forest
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The presence of vesicles in an igneous rock is evidence that the source melt ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Contained dissolved volatiles
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The most luxuriant vegetation found in any climatic realm is the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tropical rain forest
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The minerals gold, silver and mercury are often found in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrothermal veins
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The low latitude dry regions coincide with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The subtropical high pressure belts
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The himalayas and tibet are the archetypical example of a(n) ________ mountain belt.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Collisional.
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The himalayan mountains and adjacent tibet are a mountain system formed by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Continental collision
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The higher plant type that carries its seeds in cones is the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gymnosperm
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The expansion of deserts into once populated areas is known as ___.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Desertification
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The earth's major layers formed because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The earth was heated after its formation resulting in melting and redistribution of major chemical compositions
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The best building material to use in an earthquake prone region is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wood
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The asthenosphere is the second layer of the earth characterized by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Soft rocks that flow easily
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The area that underlies the shallow water bordering continents is called the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Continental shelf
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The amount of destruction caused by earthquake vibrations is affected by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of these
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If yellowstone were on the ocean floor, it would produce ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A chain of line islands, like Hawaii
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Cross-bedding consists of many preserved ________ resulting from moving sand dunes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Slip faces
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________ is not part of the hydrologic cycle.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Calcium carbonate dissolving in soil water and groundwater
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Most forest resource managers aim to maintain resource populations ________ of the pictured curve.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the middle
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Most deformation occurs along plate boundaries because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The plates are in constant motion and as a result the boundaries are where they interact
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Taiwan was at one time a colony of ______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Japan
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Flowing a distance of 2600 miles, the so-called ?danube of southeast asia? is the ________ river.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mekong
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Farmers in subsaharan africa today are greatly assisted by the advent of _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mobile telephone systems
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If you observe an angular unconformity, you would infer that the region had experienced ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Uplift and tilting of sedimentary units that exposes them to erosion over a period of time with subsequent renewed deposition
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A(n) ________ texture would be most unlikely to occur in an extrusive igneous rock.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phaneritic
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All of the following are factors that affect the generation of magma except for ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Crystal size
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Steppe climates can be thought of as occupying transitional positions between deserts and ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Humid climates
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Seafloor sediments are very important in discovering paleoclimate because they ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Contain the remains of organisms, which change with changing climate
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Overall, the southern hemisphere has a milder winter than the northern hemisphere because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
There is more water in the Southern Hemisphere
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Cold winds pouring downhill because of gravity are called ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Katabatic winds
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At times, latitudes higher than ________ degrees can have 24 hours or more of continuous darkness.
Answer
Correct Answer:
66.5
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Both steppe and tundra vegetation zones have ________ in common.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Absence of trees
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________ is the ""major dilemma"" of mapmaking explained by the text.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Equivalence versus conformality
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Geologically, ________ are actually submerged parts of the continents.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Continental shelves
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Continental shields and platforms represent ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Areas in the interior of continents that have not experienced mountain building for billions of years
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Compared to earth's crust as a whole, the sedimentary rocks beneath the ocean bottoms are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Very thin
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Among the following choices, the closest match for a divergent boundary is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The East African Rift valley
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A ________ is a small, circular lake that will occupy a cirque.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Tarn
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________ refers to the bouncing motion sands will display when transported by moving water or wind.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Saltation.
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________ refers to the ""bouncing"" mode of sand transport in a windstorm or stream.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Saltation.
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________ is not a common cementing agent for sandstones.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fluorite.
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Heavy landscape damage and water pollution have occurred in ________ as a result of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Appalachia; mountaintop removal mining for coal
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Climatologists define a ""dry climate"" as a climate in which ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Precipitation is less than expected evaporation
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A(n) ________ would logically be situated next to a large end moraine or terminal moraine.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Outwash plain
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________ is the total quantity of sediment carried by a river.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Capacity (load)
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Squall line tornadoes ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
All of the above
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The flattest surfaces on earth are ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Abyssal plains
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The erosional retreat of a coastal cliff will lead to the enlargement of a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wave-cut platform
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The term ""diffuse radiation"" is most closely associated with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Scattering
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Detrital sediments would predominate in all of the following environments except ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Salt flat
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Death valley is a site where ________ sedimentary rocks are common.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evaporite
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Most crops cannot grow in ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water logged soil
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One disadvantage of beach nourishment as compared to hard stabilization is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Beach nourishment is expensive
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________ is the oceanward edge of a continental shelf.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Coastal guyots
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A ________ flood occurs when heavy rain strikes a mountainous area.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Flash
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In a normal fault ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The hanging wall block above an inclined fault plane moves downward relative to the other block
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When sunlight strikes earth, approximately _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
30% is reflected back into space
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Waves cause erosion through the processes of ______ and abrasion.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Impact
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When oceanic lithosphere collides with another plate, the ________ in the process of subduction.
