1. What is the relationship between refractive index (n1) of core and refractive index (n2) of cladding for an optical fiber?
Answer
Correct Answer:
n1 > n2
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2. Dispersion in optical fibers causes distortion in _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
both analog and digital signals
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3. Light emitting diodes (LED's) are:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Monochromatic incoherent sources
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4. Dark spot defects (DSDs) occur in:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Injection LASER
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5. The fiber gyroscope is an ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Interferometer fiber sensor
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6. SONET is _________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Synchronous optical network
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7. Silicon reach through avalanche photodiodes has _______
Answer
Correct Answer:
minimum noise
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8. For a step index fiber, relationship between numerical aperture (NA) and coupling efficiency (ηc) is ________
Answer
Correct Answer:
d
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9. Germanium photodiodes are generally not preferred in the optical fiber system because of _________
Answer
Correct Answer:
large dark current
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10. Homodyne detection is used for _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
coherent systems
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11. Near-field scanning method is used to measure:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fiber refractive index profile
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12. Hydrogen absorption by optical fiber causes _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
an increase in optical fiber losses
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13. FDDI is _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fiber distributed data interface
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14. What happens when dispersion occurs?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Output transmitted pulse broadens
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15. Superluminescent LEDs are preferred because of _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
a directional output beam
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16. In p-i-n photodiodes "i" stands for
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intrinsic
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17. The information carrying capacity of optical fibers is in the range of:
Answer
Correct Answer:
GHZ
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18. Dark line defects (DLDs) occur when:
Answer
Correct Answer:
mobile impurities are displaced into the active region of LASER
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19. LED is more suitable for analog transmission because of its _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
linearity
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20. Macro bending losses in optical fibers can be reduced by designing the fibers with ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
a larger refractive index difference
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21. What is the thermal noise current it in a resistor R expressed in its mean square value? where, K is Boltzmanns constant, T is absolute temperature and B is the bandwidth
Answer
Correct Answer:
d
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22. LASER stands for:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
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23. Germanium avalanche photodiodes can be used for _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
longer wavelength operation
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24. Index optical fibers are sometimes referred to as:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Heterogeneous core fibers
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25. The output power of a LASER is greater than that of a LED because of _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
stimulated emission
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26. Total internal reflection takes place at angles ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
greater than the critical angle
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27. The population inversion phenomenon in optical sources occurs when _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
the population of atoms in the upper energy level is greater than in the lower energy level
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28. Which of the following is a characteristic of an injection LASER?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Frequency Chirp
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29. Which of the following is a fiber dispersion measurement method?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Time domain measurement
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30. The first generation optical fibers are fabricated from:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Gallium aluminum arsenide alloys
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31. The cutback technique is a/an _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
attenuation measurement technique
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32. The rays which travel in a helical path through an optical fiber are called ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
skew rays
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33. Which one of the following is a type of non-linear scattering?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS)
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34. Which of the following is an Optical System Design Software?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Photonic Transmission Design Suite (PTDS)
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35. For a profile parameter (α)=1, the profile shape of refractive index for a graded index fiber will be _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
triangular
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36. When optical power is incident on the photo detector during the 0 bit period, then the system is said to exhibit _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
a non-zero extinction ratio
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37. Intersymbol interference (ISI) in optical fibers occurs due to ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
dispersion
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38. FDDI can support a data rate of
Answer
Correct Answer:
100 Mbps
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39. For a multimode optical graded index fiber, the profile parameter (α) will be equal to:
Answer
Correct Answer:
2
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40. Mirrors are placed in LASER optical sources to maintain conditions for ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
coherence
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41. The LASER is a/an
Answer
Correct Answer:
threshold device
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42. COBRA (commutateur optique binaire rapide) is an ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
optical switch
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43. For an ideal photo detector, the absorption coefficient must be ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
large
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44. The vapor-phase deposition technique is used to produce _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
silica-rich glasses
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45. SOLITON is a/an ______
Answer
Correct Answer:
pulse traveling in optical fiber
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46. Dispersion is low in the __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Single mode step index fiber
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47. Dispersion is the lowest in a________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Single-mode step-index fiber
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48. Avalanche photodiodes are ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
more sensitive than simple photodiodes
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49. Numerical aperture (NA) is related to the refractive indexes of core (n1) and cladding (n2) when
Answer
Correct Answer:
d
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50. Scattering losses happen due to:
Answer
Correct Answer:
imperfections in glass manufacturing process
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51. Intermodal dispersion is less in a __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Single mode step index fiber
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52. Optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) is a/an ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
field measurement technique
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53. What would the optical return loss (ORL) be defined as when r-fresnal reflection occurs at a fiber-air interface?
Answer
Correct Answer:
ORL= -10log10r
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54. Graded-index fibers have:
Answer
Correct Answer:
a variable refractive index in the core
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55. IEEE 802.5 is a/an ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Token ring
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56. Metallic impurities are eliminated from optical fiber by:
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vapor-phase oxidation method
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57. Optical bandwidth (OB) relates to electrical bandwidth (EB) when
Answer
Correct Answer:
OB>EB
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58. Surface emitter LEDs have high radiance because _______
Answer
Correct Answer:
it restricts the emission to a small active region
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59. What is signal attenuation in an optical fiber where P1=Input power and P0=Output power
Answer
Correct Answer:
a
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60. Which phenomenon does not let light rays escape an optical fiber?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Total internal reflection
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61. A multimode graded index fiber exhibits total pulse broadening of 0.2 µsec over a distance of 10Km. Estimate the maximum possible bandwidth assuming that there is no inter-symbol interference
Answer
Correct Answer:
2.5 MHZ
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62. The Nd:YAG LASER is a/an_______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
non semiconductor laser
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63. One polarization maintaining fiber operates at a wavelength of 1.5 µm and has a beat length of 0.6mm. Its modal birefringence is given by _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
2.5 x 10-3
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64. The refractive index is defined as the ratio of ____________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
the velocity of light in the medium to the velocity of sound in a vacuum
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65. Quantum efficiency (η) is defined as
Answer
Correct Answer:
d
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66. When microwave frequency rather than radio frequency subcarriers are employed, the strategy is usually referred to as ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Subcarrier multiplexing (SCM)
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67. What does TPON stand for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Telephony on a passive optical network
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68. Rayleigh scattering is a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
linear scattering
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