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Basic Data Mining MCQ

1. Data mining is the ____

Special fields for database

Knowledge discovery from large database

Knowledge base for the database

Collection of attributes

Answer

Correct Answer: Knowledge discovery from large database

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2. Data mining is more ________ than olap.

Data focused

Multidimensional

Query oriented

Discovery driven

Answer

Correct Answer: Discovery driven

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3. Data mining applications are used to accomplish all of the following tasks except ________.

Process transactions only

Do RFM analysis only

Do what-if analysis only

Do both RFM and what-if analysis

Answer

Correct Answer: Do what-if analysis only

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4. Suppose that the company's marketing department collects data from customers. Make customer groups to ensure that the most appropriate group to target the different offers. Choose the appropriate data mining task for this business problem.

Segmentation

Regression

Classification

Answer

Correct Answer: Segmentation

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5. The silhouette coefficient can be used to determine the natural number of clusters for ________.

Partitioning Algorithms

Hierarchichal Algorithms

Density Based Algorithms

Subspace Clustering Algorithms

Answer

Correct Answer: Partitioning Algorithms

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6. What is Hive

Both of these

Hive enables Hadoop to operate as a data warehouse.

Hive is a programming language that simplifies the common tasks of working with Hadoop.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hive enables Hadoop to operate as a data warehouse.

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7. What is the purpose of the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)?

Ensuring that data is replicated with redundancy across the cluster.

Creating a context in which there are no restrictions on the data, enabling it to be unstructured and schemaless.

All of these.

To enable computation to take place by allowing each server to have access to the data.

Answer

Correct Answer: To enable computation to take place by allowing each server to have access to the data.

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8. Data mining provides a link between:

Genetic algorithms and logistic regression

Parallel processing and RAID

Online analytical processing and dynamic information

Separate transactional and analytical systems

Answer

Correct Answer: Separate transactional and analytical systems

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9. Where can a website operator generally find data on her customers' IP addresses?

HTTP request headers

server logfiles

all of the above

Answer

Correct Answer: server logfiles

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10. Which of the following is not valid JSON?

{"answer": "this one"}

{"answer": ["this one"]}

{["answer": "this one"]}

All are valid

Answer

Correct Answer: {["answer": "this one"]}

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11. How do you measure interestingness in association patterns?

measure variance

measure relevance

meaure accuracy

measure lift

Answer

Correct Answer: measure lift

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12. A descriptive approach to exploring data that can help identify relationships among values in a database is:

Predictive analysis

Function activation

Link analysis

Clustering

Answer

Correct Answer: Link analysis

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13. Which of the following is not an appropriate tool for harvesting data from a website that accesses its database through Javascript/AJAX calls?

All of the above are appropriate

Selenium

PhantomJS

wget

Answer

Correct Answer: wget

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14. The two major functions of BI servers are:

Processing and management

Source and results

Management and delivery

Application and delivery

Answer

Correct Answer: Management and delivery

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15. Which decision tree method performs multi-level splits when computing classification trees?

ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser 3)

C4.5 algorithm

CART (Classification and Regression Trees)

CHAID (Chi Square Automatic Interaction Detection)

Answer

Correct Answer: CHAID (Chi Square Automatic Interaction Detection)

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16. Which of the following is part of a retail customer data mining strategy?

customer testimonials

holiday sale

money-back guarantee

loyalty cards

Answer

Correct Answer: loyalty cards

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17. Hash based technique, Transaction Reduction, Portioning, Sampling, and Dynamic Item Counting are all examples of what?

Techniques to improve the efficiency of an Apriori algorithm

Method to repeatedly scan the scan the database and check a large set of candidates by pattern matching.

Methods of generating frequent item sets without candidate generation.

Methods for finding a compact description for a subset of data.

Answer

Correct Answer: Techniques to improve the efficiency of an Apriori algorithm

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18. The measured differences between a model and its predictions are known as:

Noise

Outliers

Range

Non-applicable data

Answer

Correct Answer: Noise

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19. True or False? Artificial neural networks are linear predictive models.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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20. Which of these is a possible architecture of a data mining system?

No-coupling

Magnetic coupling

Transitive coupling

Quickstart coupling

Answer

Correct Answer: No-coupling

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21. Which of the following is not a primary phase of a Hadoop Reducer?

Sort

Reduce

Map

Shuffle

Answer

Correct Answer: Map

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22. Which of the following method can be used for modeling a categorical target variable?

All of the Above

Logistic Regression

ARIMA

Non-Linear Regression

Regression

Answer

Correct Answer: Logistic Regression

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23. In any numerical data set with a meaningful mean value, what is the minimum fraction of data that will fall within n standard deviations of the mean?

1/n^2

1/n

1-1/n^2

1/2n

Answer

Correct Answer: 1-1/n^2

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24. Which of the following applications are usually used to classify students' performances?

Cluster analysis

If...then... analysis

Regression analysis

Market-basket analysis

Answer

Correct Answer: If...then... analysis

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25. The authentication protocol used by many significant web APIs is called:

HTTPS

PGP

OAuth

SSL

Answer

Correct Answer: OAuth

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26. Apriori is a seminal algorithm for ﬁnding frequent item sets using:

Normal mixture models

Candidate generation

Overfitting methods

None of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Candidate generation

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27. The level of the model that specifies the strengths of the dependencies using some numerical scale.

Numeric Level

Primary Level

Dependency Level

Quantitative Level

Answer

Correct Answer: Quantitative Level

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28. What is the first step in the business understanding phase?

Firmly grasp business objectives and needs

Assess the current situation by finding out the resources, assumptions, constraints etc.

Create data mining goals to achieve the business objectives

Create a list of all relevant algorithms to be applied to the task

Answer

Correct Answer: Firmly grasp business objectives and needs

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29. If more than one value occurs the same number of times, the data is:

Multi-faceted

Multi-leafed

Multivariated

Multi-modal

Answer

Correct Answer: Multi-modal

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30. The component of the Hadoop Distributed Filesystem responsible for storing metadata is called the

Datanode

FS Shell

DFSAdmin

Namenode

Answer

Correct Answer: Namenode

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31. Which of the following properties is a constraint on a RESTful application?

stateless

linearly seperable

returns JSON output

stateful

Answer

Correct Answer: stateless

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32. Which of the following algorithms produces decision trees?

DBSCAN

ID3

none of the above

logistic regression

Answer

Correct Answer: ID3

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33. Which xpath selector expression captures all link elements of the form 'http://example.com/profile/12345' in an html page while excluding all links of the form 'http://example.com/casenumber/12345?

//a/[contains(@href, "profile")]

//a/[contains(@href, "profile")]/@href

//href/profile

//a/profile

Answer

Correct Answer: //a/[contains(@href, "profile")]

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34. Taking multiple random samples of data and building a classification model for each is known as:

Fuzzy Sampling

Binning

Boosting

Clustering

Answer

Correct Answer: Boosting

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35. A commonly used continuous alternative to the step function in multi-layered neural network output is the

logistic function

multi-layered NN cannot compute continuous output

hyperbolic function

logarithmic function

Answer

Correct Answer: logistic function

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36. "In 2% of the purchases at the hardware store, both a pick and a shovel were bought,” is an example of:

Validation

Support

Supervised learning

Topology

Answer

Correct Answer: Support

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37. What is Summarization?

A task focusing on discovering the most significant changes in the data from previously measured or normative values

A descriptive task where one seeks to identify a finite set of categories to describe the data.

The process of finding a model which describes significant dependencies between variables

Methods for finding a compact description for a subset of data.

Answer

Correct Answer: Methods for finding a compact description for a subset of data.

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38. Which of the following is NOT a method of combining multiple models into an ensemble model?

Voting

Stacking

Averaging

Bootstrapping

Answer

Correct Answer: Bootstrapping

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39. Which of the following properties applies to Single-Layer Perceptrons?

backpropagation

random initalization of weights

continuous output

able to learn non-linear separations

Answer

Correct Answer: random initalization of weights

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40. Converted information to provide insights about historical patterns and future trends is known as:

Linear regression

Clustering

Knowledge

Meta-data

Answer

Correct Answer: Knowledge

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41. In which type of analysis is a Kohonen feature map typically employed?

Descriptive modeling analysis

Cluster analysis

Exploratory data analysis

Predictive analysis

Answer

Correct Answer: Cluster analysis

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42. What is Clustering?

A task which consists of techniques for estimating, from data, the joint multi-variate probability density function of all of the variables/fields in the database.

A descriptive task where one seeks to identify a finite set of categories to describe the data.

Learning a function that maps a data item into one of several predefined groups or clusters.

The process of finding a model which describes significant dependencies between variables

Answer

Correct Answer: A descriptive task where one seeks to identify a finite set of categories to describe the data.

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43. In Natural Language Processing, what is the role of a lexical analyzer?

checks the validity of a token

splits the stream of input characters into tokens

generates a context-free grammar

processes the parse tree for semantic meaning

Answer

Correct Answer: splits the stream of input characters into tokens

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44. In the MapReduce model, Map and Reduce functions act directly on which kind of data structure?

MySQL matrices

linked lists

relational databases

key-value pair

Answer

Correct Answer: key-value pair

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45. What is Interestingness?

An overall measure of pattern value, combining validity, novelty, usefulness, and simplicity.

An expression E in a language L describing facts in a subset FE of F.

A multi-step process involving data preparation, pattern searching, knowledge evaluation, and refinement with iteration after modification.

A discovered pattern that is true on new data with some degree of certainty, and generalizes to other data.

Answer

Correct Answer: An overall measure of pattern value, combining validity, novelty, usefulness, and simplicity.

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46. Which of the following is not a common goal of the KDD Process:

Description

Performance

Prediction

Answer

Correct Answer: Performance

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47. Which of the following is most appropriate for finding the shortest chain of friends linking two people in a social graph who are not friends with each other?

k-means algorithm

Markov chains

Dijkstra's algorithm

Neural Networks

Answer

Correct Answer: Dijkstra's algorithm

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48. True or False? The MARS algorithm cannot produce rules.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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49. Which of the following is NOT a function of data warehouses?

Cleaning dirty data

Extracting data

Cleaning data

Storing purchased data

Answer

Correct Answer: Cleaning dirty data

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50. What is Classification?

Methods for finding a compact description for a subset of data.

Learning a function that maps a data item into one of several predefined groups.

A discovered pattern that is true on new data with some degree of certainty, and generalizes to other data.

A descriptive task where one seeks to identify a finite set of categories to describe the data.

Answer

Correct Answer: Learning a function that maps a data item into one of several predefined groups.

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51. A technique that classifies each record in a dataset based on a combination of the classes of the k record(s) most similar to it in a historical dataset is:

Nearest Neighbor

Logistic Regression

Association Model Query

Decision Treeing

Answer

Correct Answer: Nearest Neighbor

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52. Which of the following is NOT a common source system?

Node

SAP source

UDC

DB Connect

Answer

Correct Answer: Node

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53. Which of these are evolutionary computational methods?

Heuristic algorithms

Bayesian inference algorithms

Genetic algorithms

Clustering algorithms

Answer

Correct Answer: Genetic algorithms

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54. Generalization error is a consequence of

Overfit

Parametric analysis

Underfit

Poorly defined Chernoff Bound

Answer

Correct Answer: Overfit

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55. Which of the following storage solutions is most appropriate for a semi-structured dataset whose members do not all have the same attributes?

MongoDB

SQLite

MySQL

MariaDB

Answer

Correct Answer: MongoDB

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56. Which of the following algorithms is generally suitable for unsupervised learning tasks?

Restricted Boltzmann machine

info-fuzzy networks

k-nearest neighbor

k-means algorithm

Answer

Correct Answer: k-means algorithm

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57. What is Change and Deviation Detection?

A task focusing on discovering the most significant changes in the data from previously measured or normative values

Methods for finding a compact description for a subset of data.

The process of finding a model which describes significant dependencies between variables

A task which consists of techniques for estimating, from data, the joint multi-variate probability density function of all of the variables/fields in the database.

Answer

Correct Answer: A task focusing on discovering the most significant changes in the data from previously measured or normative values

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58. Sharding refers to:

a measure of the noise in a database's contents

partioning a database for distribution across different servers

simultaneously accessing multiple object databases over SSH

none of the above

Answer

Correct Answer: partioning a database for distribution across different servers

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59. Which of these is NOT a common descriptions of layers?

Hidden

Input

Output

Functional

Answer

Correct Answer: Functional

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60. What is Dependency Modeling?

A multi-step process involving data preparation, pattern searching, knowledge evaluation, and refinement with iteration after modification.

Learning a function that maps a data item into one of several predefined groups or clusters.

The process of finding a model which describes significant dependencies between variables

A task which consists of techniques for estimating, from data, the joint multi-variate probability density function of all of the variables/fields in the database.

Answer

Correct Answer: The process of finding a model which describes significant dependencies between variables

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61. In the analysis of time-series data, the mean value over a given time period (usually some interval in the past up to the present) is called a(n)

partial average

unbiased mean

compounded mean

moving average

Answer

Correct Answer: moving average

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62. In the association between two variables, what is the difference between the antecedent and the consequent?

The antecedent is always a very complex variable

Nothing, they are interchangeable

The antecedent is on the right, the consequent is on the left.

The antecedent is on the left, the consequent on the right

Answer

Correct Answer: The antecedent is on the left, the consequent on the right

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63. The algorithm powering the Google search engine is:

AdaBoost

The Brin-Page Method

GoogleCrawler

PageRank

Answer

Correct Answer: PageRank

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64. To increase the confidence of your state of classification performance on the entire population, you should:

Decrease the size of the training dataset

Increase the size of the training dataset

Increase the size of the test dataset

Decrease the size of the test dataset

Answer

Correct Answer: Increase the size of the test dataset

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65. The level of the model that specifies (often graphically) which variables are locally dependent on each other.

Structural Level

Qualitative Level

Primary Level

Quantitative Level

Answer

Correct Answer: Structural Level

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66. Which data mining technique organizes sets of data into predefined groups?

Sequential Patterning

Clustering

Classification

Gamification

Answer

Correct Answer: Classification

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67. Which of these are NOT considered internal data factors?

Price

Economic downturns

Staff Skills

Product Positioning

Answer

Correct Answer: Economic downturns

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68. Data not collected by the organization, such as data from a proprietary database, that is combined with the organization’s own data is known as:

Overlay

Overfitting

Noise

Non-applicable date

Answer

Correct Answer: Overlay

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69. What is the front end layer of data mining architecture?

An intuitive and user friendly user interface

Firewalls established to protect data from malicious sources

The hardware designed specifically for storage of massive amounts of data

The team of programmers who designed the software utilized in a particular mining project

Answer

Correct Answer: An intuitive and user friendly user interface

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70. The annual revenue of an international company is correlated with other attributes like advertisement, exchange rate, inﬂation rate etc. Having these values (or their reliable estimations for the next year) the company have to calculate its expected revenue for the next year. Choose the appropriate data mining task for this business problem.

Segmentation

Classification

Regression

Answer

Correct Answer: Regression

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71. Which of these is an example of a sequential pattern relationship?

Using business experience and gut instinct to design a new floorplan in a grocery store

Reorganizing your basketball team's starting lineup based on an analysis of performance

Placing two frequently purchased items next to each other on the shelf

Predicting the likelihood of a backpack being purchased based on a consumer's purchase of sleeping bags and hiking shoes

Answer

Correct Answer: Predicting the likelihood of a backpack being purchased based on a consumer's purchase of sleeping bags and hiking shoes

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72. What is the measure of how much two random variables change together?

binary standard deviation

covariance

polyconvergence

stochastic inertia

Answer

Correct Answer: covariance

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73. A function used by a node in a neural net to transform input data from any domain of values into a finite range of values is known as a(n):

Antecedent

Activation Function

Confusion matrix

Chi-square

Answer

Correct Answer: Activation Function

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74. True of False? Loose coupling data mining architecture is mainly for memory-based data mining systems that does not require high scalability and high performance.

False

True

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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75. Which are popular data mining methods?

Relational Learning Models

Decision Trees and Rules

All of these

Probabilistic Graphical Dependency Models

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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76. What are decision trees?

Complex reports generated by a qualified data scientist

Hierarchical dimensions that can be created with a hyper cube browser

Data not collected by the organization, such as data available from a reference book

Structures that generate rules for the classification of a dataset

Answer

Correct Answer: Structures that generate rules for the classification of a dataset

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77. Data items grouped into relationships and preferences are known as:

Predictable Sets

Punctional Organizations

Degrees of Fit

Clusters

Answer

Correct Answer: Clusters

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78. You are a credit risk manager of a retail bank. Some information about customers are available to analytics. Based on this data you have to decide that a person will be a good or bad customer. Choose the appropriate data mining task for this business problems.

Classification

Regression

Segmentation

Answer

Correct Answer: Classification

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79. In predictive models, the values or classes to be predicted are called the:

Dependent

All of these

Response

Target variables

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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80. Which of the following disciplines overlaps Data Mining?

All of the above

Artificial Intelligence

Statistics

Linguistics

Answer

Correct Answer: All of the above

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81. True or False? Economic indicators are external data factors.

False

True

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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82. Which of these are NOT types of analytical software:

All are valid types

Neural network

Statistical

Machine learning

Answer

Correct Answer: All are valid types

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83. What is data visualization?

The technical term for the act of data being stored in a server

A structured and developed prediction of data results

The visual interpretation of complex relationships in multidimensional data

Answer

Correct Answer: The visual interpretation of complex relationships in multidimensional data

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84. Which of the following is not a relational database?

All of the above

Apache Cassandra

Google Big Table

MongoDB

Answer

Correct Answer: All of the above

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85. Which of the following is valid XML?

All are valid

Answer

Correct Answer: All are valid

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86. A(n) _____ algorithm creates rules that describe how often events have occurred together.

CHAID

artificial

pruning

associative

Answer

Correct Answer: associative

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87. Decision trees are able to handle missing values without using any impute transformation. True or False?

False

True

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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88. Which of the following clustering algorithms can find clusters of arbitrary shape?

Single-Link

DSBSCAN

Both of these

None of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Both of these

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89. In a neural net, to what does topology refer?

The range of variables in a set

The number of nodes utilized

The graphical visualization of the data

The number of layers and the number of nodes in each layer

Answer

Correct Answer: The number of layers and the number of nodes in each layer

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90. Changes to parts of a code could lead to the problem of ______________ data.

inconsistent

dirty

nonintegrated

granular

Answer

Correct Answer: inconsistent

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91. With which of these layers does a neural network start?

Output Layer

Hidden Layer

Transparent layer

Input layer

Answer

Correct Answer: Input layer

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92. Which industry can benefit from data mining?

All of these

Retail

Manufacturing

Finance/Banking

Answer

Correct Answer: All of these

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