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Exploratory Factor Analysis in Statistics MCQ

Exploratory Factor Analysis in Statistics MCQ

 

1. A rotation in which the factors are allowed to become correlated to some degree is called ____________ .

Answer

Correct Answer: Oblique Rotation

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2. How many factors or components are needed to reproduce the correlation matrix R adequately is known as:

Answer

Correct Answer: Dimensionality

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3. These are questions that are worded in such a way that a strong level of disagreement with the statement indicates more of the trait or attitude that the test is supposed to measure is known as:

Answer

Correct Answer: Reverse-Worded Questions

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4. Factor loadings (or correlations between X variables and factors) that have been re-estimated relative to rotated or relocated factor axes. The goal of factor rotation is to improve the interpretability of results is known as:

Answer

Correct Answer: Rotated Factor Loadings

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5. ____________ is a factor rotation in which the factors are constrained to remain uncorrelated or orthogonal to one another.

Answer

Correct Answer: Orthogonal Rotation

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6. When a set of p variables is factor analyzed, the initial solution consists of p factors. This full solution (same number of factors as variables) is called the initial solution is called ______________ .

Answer

Correct Answer: Initial Solution

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7. Varimax Rotation is the most popular method of factor rotation. The goal is to maximize the variance of the absolute values of loadings of variables within each factor, that is, to relocate the factors in such a way that, for each variable, the loading on the relocated factors is as close to 0, or as close to +1 or –1, as possible.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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8. A plot of the eigenvalues (on the Y axis) by factor number 1, 2, . . ., p (on the X axis). “Scree” refers to the rubble at the foot of a hill is known as:

Answer

Correct Answer: Scree Plot

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9. In this process, model parameters are estimated multiple times until some goodness-of-fit criterion is reached is called ___________ .

Answer

Correct Answer: Iteration

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10. Squaring the factor loading matrix A (i.e., finding the matrix product A´A) reproduces the correlation matrix R is known as:

Answer

Correct Answer: Reproduced Correlation Matrix

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11. A communality, sometimes denoted b2, is an estimate of the proportion of variance in each of the original p variables that is reproduced by a set of retained components or factors is known as:

Answer

Correct Answer: Communality

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12. For each factor, the sum of squared loadings is obtained by squaring and summing the loadings of all variables with that factor is known as:

Answer

Correct Answer: Sum of Squared Loadings (SSL)

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13. Diagonal Matrix is a matrix in which all the off-diagonal elements are 0.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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14. _____________ is an exploratory factor analysis that initially estimates k loadings for k measured variables on k factors.

Answer

Correct Answer: Exploratory Factor Analysis

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15. A score for each individual participant that is calculated by applying the factor score coefficients for each factor to z scores on all items is called _______________ .

Answer

Correct Answer: Factor Score

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16. This is a computation that involves estimating a set of factor or component loadings; loadings are correlations between actual measured variables and latent factors or components is known as:

Answer

Correct Answer: Extraction

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17. The formula to calculate a standard score or z score is z = (X – M)/SD. A distribution of z scores has M = 0 and SD = 1. This formula is known as:

Answer

Correct Answer: Z scores

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18. The distance of an individual score from the mean of a distribution expressed in unit-free terms is called _______________ .

Answer

Correct Answer: Standard Scores

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19. A factor is a latent or an imaginary variable that can be used to reconstruct the observed correlations among measured X variables.

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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20. _______________ is an “imaginary” variable used to understand why observed X’s are correlated. In factor analysis, it is assumed that measured X scores are correlated because they measure the same underlying construct or latent variable.

Answer

Correct Answer: Latent Variable

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